Citizendia

The politics of global warming have involved policy decisions, legislation, and political debate over the science of and response to global warming. Global warming is the increase in the average measured temperature of the The political struggle over global warming has involved various governmental bodies, special-interest groups, and scientific organizations.

Contents

Political sphere

Political alignment and global warming

In most English-speaking countries, support for action to mitigate global warming, such as ratification and implementation of the Kyoto Protocol is strong on the political left. Annex I and Annex II Countries and Developing Countries Signatories to the UNFCCC are split into three groups Annex I countries (industrialized countries The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in The European Climate Change Programme (ECCP was launched in June 2000 by the European Union 's European Commission. The 31st G8 summit was held from July 6 to July 8 2005 at the Gleneagles Hotel in Auchterarder The Kyoto Protocol is a protocol to the international Framework Convention on Climate Change with the objective of reducing Greenhouse gases in an effort

In some countries the political right are fighting on a platform of taking tough action against global warming[2], while in others the political right either dispute the scientific consensus on global warming or oppose action to mitigate global warming, instead favoring adaption. National and international science academies and professional societies have assessed the current scientific opinion on climate change, in particular recent Global warming. All European countries have ratified the Kyoto Protocol, and all have supported strong reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. The Kyoto Protocol is a protocol to the international Framework Convention on Climate Change with the objective of reducing Greenhouse gases in an effort


United States

Federal government

See also: Energy policy of the United States and Environmental policy of the United States

The United States, although a signatory to the Kyoto Protocol, has neither ratified nor withdrawn from the protocol — though their one-time representative, Condoleezza Rice, remarked that the Protocol was "unacceptable" at the time it was presented to her. The energy policy of the United States is determined by federal state and local public entities in the United States, which address issues of energy production distribution The Environmental policy of the United States is federal governmental action to regulate activities that have an environmental impact in the United States The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A signature (from Latin signare, " Sign " is a handwritten (and sometimes stylized depiction of someone's name nickname or even a simple The Kyoto Protocol is a protocol to the international Framework Convention on Climate Change with the objective of reducing Greenhouse gases in an effort Ratification is the act of giving official sanction or approval to a formal document such as a treaty or constitution Condoleezza Rice (born November 14 1954 is the 66th United States The protocol is non-binding over the United States unless ratified. The current President, George W. Bush, has indicated that he does not intend to submit the treaty for ratification, not because he does not support the general idea, but because of the strain he believes the treaty would put on the economy; he emphasizes the uncertainties he asserts are present in the climate change issue. George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. [2]

In October 2003, the Pentagon published a report titled An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United States National Security by Peter Schwartz and Doug Randall. The Pentagon is the Headquarters of the United States Department of Defense, located in Arlington County, Virginia. Peter Schwartz ( 1946 -) is a futurist author and cofounder of Global Business Network, a corporate strategy firm based in San Francisco California. The authors conclude by stating that "this report suggests that, because of the potentially dire consequences, the risk of abrupt climate change, although uncertain and quite possibly small, should be elevated beyond a scientific debate to a U. S. national security concern. "[4]

In June 2005, US State Department papers showed the administration thanking Exxon executives for the company's "active involvement" in helping to determine climate change policy, including the U. Exxon is a brand of fuel sold by ExxonMobil. History Exxon formally replaced the Esso, Enco, S. stance on Kyoto. Input from the business lobby group Global Climate Coalition was also a factor. The Global Climate Coalition was a group of mainly United States businesses opposing immediate action to reduce Greenhouse gas emissions [3]

From 1989 to 2005, oil and gas industries gave $179. 5 million to U. S. federal candidates and parties. [5] In October 2003 and again in June 2005, the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act failed a vote in the US Senate. The Climate Stewardship Acts are a series of three acts introduced to the United States Senate by Senator John McCain ( R - AZ) and Senator [4]. In the 2005 vote, Republicans opposed the Bill 49-6, while Democrats supported it 37-10. [6].

In January 2007, Democratic House Speaker Nancy Pelosi announced she would form a United States Congress subcommittee to examine global warming. Speaker of the House is a political term referring to a number of people In the United Kingdom and Canada, the Speaker of the House Nancy Patricia D'Alesandro Pelosi (born March 26 1940 is the current Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses [7] The US government announced that it was withdrawing funding from the lobby groups it had been supporting that aimed to discount the evidence for global warming.

Sen. Joe Lieberman said, "I'm hot to get something done. Joseph Isadore "Joe" Lieberman (born February 24 1942 is the junior United States Senator from Connecticut. It's hard not to conclude that the politics of global warming has changed and a new consensus for action is emerging and it is a bipartisan consensus. " [5]

See also Asia-Pacific Partnership for Clean Development and Climate. Aims US President George W Bush called it a "new results-oriented partnership" that he said "will allow our nations to develop and accelerate deployment

The Global Warming Pollution Reduction Act of 2007 was introduced by Senators Bernie Sanders (I-VT) and Barbara Boxer (D-CA) on January 15, 2007. The Global Warming Pollution Reduction Act of 2007 ( was proposed in the 110th United States Congress by Senators Bernie Sanders (I-VT and Barbara The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives Bernard "Bernie" Sanders (born September 8, 1941) is the junior United States Senator from Vermont, elected on November Barbara Levy Boxer (born 11 November 1940 is an American Democratic Politician and the current junior U The measure would provide funding for R&D on geologic sequestration of carbon dioxide, set emissions standards for new vehicles and a renewable fuels requirement for gasoline beginning in 2016, establish energy efficiency and renewable portfolio standards beginning in 2008 and low-carbon electric generation standards beginning in 2016 for electric utilities, and require periodic evaluations by the National Academy of Sciences to determine whether emissions targets are adequate. CO2 sequestration or "storage" is the storage of carbon dioxide (usually captured from the "atmosphere" in a solid material through biological or physical Emissions trading (or emission trading) is an administrative approach used to control Pollution by providing economic Incentives for [8]

There is a Report about federal climate change legislation as if the states matter. [9]

Political pressure on scientists

US officials, such as Philip Cooney, have repeatedly edited scientific reports from US government scientists, [10] many of whom, such as Thomas Knutson, have been ordered to refrain from discussing climate change and related topics. Philip A Cooney (born July 16, 1959) is a former member of the administration of President George W Thomas Knutson is a climate modeller at the US Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, a division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA [11][12][13]

Climate scientist James Hansen, director of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies, claimed in a widely cited New York Times article [14] in 2006 that his superiors at the agency were trying to "censor" information "going out to the public. This is about the American scientist/administrator For others see James Hansen (disambiguation. The NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS at Columbia University in New York City, is a component laboratory of NASA's Goddard Space Flight " NASA denied this, saying that it was merely requiring that scientists make a distinction between personal, and official government, views in interviews conducted as part of work done at the agency. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program Several scientists working at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration have made similar complaints;[15] once again, government officials said they were enforcing long-standing policies requiring government scientists to clearly identify personal opinions as such when participating in public interviews and forums. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA) is a scientific agency within the United States Department of Commerce focused on the conditions of the

The BBC's long-running current affairs series Panorama recently investigated the issue, and was told that "scientific reports about global warming have been systematically changed and suppressed. Panorama is the longest-running current affairs documentary series in the world "[16]

Mike Hulme, director of the Tyndall Centre for Climate Research, wrote how increasing use of pejorative terms like "catastrophic," "chaotic" and "irreversible," had altered the public discourse around climate change: "This discourse is now characterised by phrases such as 'climate change is worse than we thought', that we are approaching 'irreversible tipping in the Earth's climate', and that we are 'at the point of no return'. I have found myself increasingly chastised by climate change campaigners when my public statements and lectures on climate change have not satisfied their thirst for environmental drama and exaggerated rhetoric. "[17]

According to an Associated Press release on January 30, 2007,

"Climate scientists at seven government agencies say they have been subjected to political pressure aimed at downplaying the threat of global warming. Events 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
"The groups presented a survey that shows two in five of the 279 climate scientists who responded to a questionnaire complained that some of their scientific papers had been edited in a way that changed their meaning. Nearly half of the 279 said in response to another question that at some point they had been told to delete reference to "global warming" or "climate change" from a report. "[18]

Critics writing in the Wall Street Journal editorial page claim that the survey [19] was itself unscientific. [20]

Attempts to suppress scientific information on global warming and other issues have been described by Chris Mooney as constituting a Republican War on Science. Christopher Cole Mooney (born September 20 1977) better known as Chris Mooney is a U The Republican War on Science is a book by Chris C Mooney, an American Journalist who focuses on the politics of Science policy

Also according to testimony taken by the U. S. House of Representatives, the U. S. government has pressured American scientists to suppress discussion of global warming[21][22]

"High-quality science" was "struggling to get out," as the Bush administration pressured scientists to tailor their writings on global warming to fit the Bush administration's skepticism, in some cases at the behest of an ex-oil industry lobbyist. "Nearly half of all respondents perceived or personally experienced pressure to eliminate the words 'climate change,' 'global warming' or other similar terms from a variety of communications. "

Similarly, according to the testimony of senior officers of the Government Accountability Project, the White House attempted to bury the report "National Assessment of the Potential Consequences of Climate Variablity and Change," produced by U. The Government Accountability Project (GAP is the United States' leading Whistleblower protection organization S. scientists pursuant to U. S. law. [23] Some U. S. scientists resigned their jobs rather than give in to White House pressure to underreport global warming. [24]

Allegations of U. S. government attempts to mislead the public

The United States government has implemented an industry-formulated disinformation campaign designed to actively mislead the American public on global warming and to forestall limits on "climate polluters," according to a report in Rolling Stone magazine which reviews hundreds of internal government documents and former government officials. Rolling Stone is a United States -based Magazine devoted to Music, Politics, and Popular culture that is published [25]. "'They've got a political clientele that does not want to be regulated,' says Rick Piltz, a former Bush climate official who blew the whistle on White House censorship of global-warming documents in 2005. 'Any honest discussion of the science would stimulate public pressure for a stronger policy. They're not stupid. '

"Bush's do-nothing policy on global warming began almost as soon as he took office. By pursuing a carefully orchestrated policy of delay, the White House has blocked even the most modest reforms and replaced them with token investments in futuristic solutions like hydrogen cars. 'It's a charade,' says Jeremy Symons, who represented the EPA on Cheney's energy task force, the industry-studded group that met in secret to craft the administration's energy policy. 'They have a single-minded determination to do nothing -- while making it look like they are doing something. ' . . .

"The CEQ became Cheney's shadow EPA, with industry calling the shots. The Council on Environmental Quality ( CEQ) is a division of the White House that coordinates federal environmental efforts in the United States To head up the council, Cheney installed James Connaughton, a former lobbyist for industrial polluters, who once worked to help General Electric and ARCO skirt responsibility for their Superfund waste sites. "two weeks after Bush took office - ExxonMobil's top lobbyist, Randy Randol, demanded a housecleaning of the scientists in charge of studying global warming. . . . Exxon's wish was the CEQ's command. [26]

Also, the White House removed key portions of a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report given to the U. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (or CDC) is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services based in unincorporated S. Senate Environment and Public Works Committee about the dangers to human health of global warming. [27] According to one CDC official familiar with both the CDC version and the version given to the Senate, the version given to the Senate was "eviscerated. " The White House prevented the Senate and thus the public from receiving key CDC estimates in the report about diseases likely to flourish in a warmer climate, increased injuries and deaths from severe weather such as hurricanes, more respiratory problems from drought-driven air pollution, an increase in waterborne diseases including cholera, increases in vector-borne diseases including malaria and hantavirus, mental health problems such as depression and post-traumatic stress, and how many people might be adversely affected because of increased warming.

Governmental challenges and the Lobbyist

The average midsize vehicle in the United State emits an average of 29 pounds of carbon emissions per day. This is based on an average of 3 to 4 gallons of fuel consumed per day, per automobile. In the United States there are approximately 133 million automobiles on the road per day. The average total automobile emission is 3. 8 billion pounds per day in the U. S.

The average semi truck in the United States emits an average of 1435 pounds of carbon emissions per day. This is based on an average of 35 gallons of fuel used per day.

In the United States there are approximately 15 million semi’s on the road per day. The average total semi emissions are 21. 5 billion pounds per day in the U. S.

There is an expected 15% growth rate per year in the trucking industry; if this continued growth goes unchecked the U. S. could be facing over 60 billion pounds of pollution from the trucking industry alone in the next few years.

Even a 50% reduction in carbon emissions from the automotive industry will result in a failed effort to reduce carbon emissions that affect our climate if the trucking industry continues to pollute at such an enormous rate.

The trucking industry has done a great job at keeping this information from the general public. Even the Bush administration has steered clear of this topic due to pressures from the trucking union.

Global warming litigation

Several lawsuits have been filed over global warming. For example, Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency before the Supreme Court of the United States forced the US government to regulate greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act. Massachusetts v Environmental Protection Agency, 549 US 497 (2007 is a U The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. A Clean Air Act describes one of a number of pieces of legislation relating to the reduction of Smog and Air pollution in general A similar approach was taken by California Attorney General Bill Lockyer who filed a lawsuit California v. William Westwood Lockyer (born May 8 1941) is the current State Treasurer of California. General Motors Corp. to force car manufacturers to reduce vehicles' emissions of carbon dioxide. A third case, Comer v. Murphy Oil, was filed by Gerald Maples, a trial attorney in Mississippi, in an effort to force fossil fuel and chemical companies to pay for damages caused by global warming. [28]

State and local governments

However, 195 US cities representing more than 50 million Americans - have committed to reducing carbon emissions to 7% below 1990 levels. In 2005, California (the world's sixth largest economy) committed to reducing emissions to 2000 levels by 2010, 1990 levels by 2020, and 80% below 1990 levels by 2050. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Measures to meet these targets include tighter automotive emissions standards, and requirements for renewable energy as a proportion of electricity production. The Union of Concerned Scientists has calculated that by 2020, drivers would save $26 billion per year if California’s automotive standards were implemented nationally. History The Union of Concerned Scientists was founded in 1969 by faculty and students of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, located in Cambridge Massachusetts [6]

On August 31, 2006, the California leaders of both political parties agreed to terms in the California Global Warming Solutions Act. Events 1056 - Byzantine Empress Theodora becomes ill dying suddenly a few days later without children to succeed the Throne Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 is an environmental Law in California, signed into law by Governor of California Arnold When this legislation goes into effect it will limit the state’s global warming emissions to 1990 levels by 2020, and institute a mandatory emissions reporting system to monitor compliance. The legislation will also allow for market mechanisms to provide incentives to businesses to reduce emissions while safeguarding local communities. [7] The bill was signed into law on September 27, 2006, by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, who declared, "We simply must do everything we can in our power to slow down global warming before it is too late. Events 489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona and is defeated again Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger ( German ˌaɐnɔlt aloʏs ˈʃvaɐtsənɛɡɐ born July 30 1947 is an Austrian American Bodybuilder, Actor . . The science is clear. The global warming debate is over. "

Gov. Schwarzenegger also announced he would seek to work with Prime Minister Tony Blair of Great Britain, and various other international efforts to address global warming, independently of the federal government. Anthony Charles Lynton "Tony" Blair (born 6 May 1953 is a British Politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2 May 1997 to [29]

On September 8, 2006, Arizona Governor Janet Napolitano signed an executive order calling on the state to create initiatives to cut greenhouse gas emissions to the 2000 level by the year 2020 and to 50 percent below the 2000 level by 2040. Events 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. 1264 - The Statute of Kalisz Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The State of Arizona ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. Janet Napolitano (b November 29, 1957) is the current governor of the U [8]

RGGI

Seven Northeastern US states are involved in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, a state level emissions capping and trading program. It is believed that the state-level program will apply pressure on the federal government to support Kyoto Protocol.

Beginning in 2009, carbon dioxide emissions from power plants will be capped by state:

Federal government attempts to undermine state efforts

The US government has worked to undermine state efforts to mitigate global warming. Transportation Secretary Mary Peters, with White House approval, personally directed US efforts to urge governors and dozens of members of the House of Representatives to block California’s first-in-the-nation limits on greenhouse gases from cars and trucks, according to e-mails obtained by Congress. [30]

Vatican

Pope Benedict XVI told up to half a million people, over a hillside near the Adriatic city of Loreto on the day Catholic Church marks its annual Save Creation Day, that world leaders must make courageous decisions to save the planet "before it is too late" [31]. Pope Benedict XVI ( Latin: Benedictus PP XVI; Italian: Benedetto XVI; German: Benedikt XVI; born Joseph Alois Ratzinger The politics of global warming have involved policy decisions legislation and political debate over the science of and response to Global warming.

Canada

Asia and Oceania

Europe

Main article: European Climate Change Programme

Positions of the Energy Industries

See also: climate change denial

One of the biggest opponents of action on global warming has been the fossil fuels energy industry, and particularly the oil industry, such as ExxonMobil, which regularly publishes papers minimizing the threat of global warming. Climate change denial describes efforts to counter all or part of the theory of global climate change when those involved are believed to be acting out of vested interests rather The Exxon Mobil Corporation, or ExxonMobil, is an American oil and gas Corporation and a direct descendant of John D In 1998, the company started providing financial support to organizations and individuals who disagreed with the scientific consensus that human activities were contributing to climate change. One of the groups that received funds from the company was the Competitive Enterprise Institute. The Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI is a Non-profit public policy organization founded in 1984 by Fred L ExxonMobil also helped create the "Global Climate Science Team" whose members were active climate contrarians. According to a study by the Union of Concerned Scientists, between 1998 and 2005, ExxonMobil dispersed roughly $16 million to organizations that were challenging the scientific consensus view. The Exxon Mobil Corporation, or ExxonMobil, is an American oil and gas Corporation and a direct descendant of John D [10] After heavy criticism from the press and environmental groups in late 2006 and early 2007, ExxonMobil began distancing itself from these organizations. MSNBC Reuters.

In 2005, the oil giant opposed a shareholders' resolution to explain the science behind its denial of global warming. In recent years, other companies have increasingly come to accept the existence and consequences of global warming; for example, the Chairman of BP, John Browne, declared a need for action in 2002. BP plc, previously known as British Petroleum, is the third largest global Energy company, a multinational oil company (" Oil major John Browne may refer to John Browne Baron Browne of Madingley (born 1948 Baron Browne of Madingley former Group Chief Executive of BP Lord Oxburgh, non-executive chairman of Shell, said in a speech at the 2005 Hay-on-Wye Festival: "We have 45 years, and if we start now, not in 10 or 15 years' time, we have a chance of hitting those targets. Royal Dutch Shell plc, commonly known simply as Shell, is a multinational oil company of Dutch and British origins But we've got to start now. We have no time to lose. " [11]

One sector of the energy industry that has no problem with the greenhouse gas arguments is the nuclear industry. Margret Thatcher was one of the first major political figures to suggest that the nuclear power was a "green" solution. This was largely regarded with derision at the time but it is the ultimate goal of Tony Blair's solution to tomorrow's energy needs and probably explains his enthusiasm for CO2 emission controls.

Indeed as many countries move towards legally binding engagements to Kyoto targets, including fines for failing to achieve them, many governments may find this a convenient excuse for otherwise unpopular expansions of their nuclear programs.

This would be an ironic outcome for many who see highlighting the possible dangers of global warming as protecting the environment.

As pointed out on Counter Punch [12] the nuclear power industry is not slow to present itself as the "green" solution :

only realistic way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels in the next ten years is to bring on-line at least an additional 50 reactors. "Nuclear energy has been the largest single contributor to reduced air pollution in the world over the past 20 years", the NEI's Kyoto global warming book boasts.

Nuclear power produces fewer CO2 emissions than fossil fuel plants; the exact level remains somewhat controversial; Greenpeace assert that nuclear power produces about one third of the CO2 emissions as equivalent fossil fuels energy over the lifetime of an installation. Greenpeace, originally known as the Greenpeace Foundation, was founded in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada in 1972 [13]

Environmental groups

Thousands of protesters marched on the international day of action on December 3, 2005, which coincided with the first meeting of the Parties in Montreal. Events 1800 - War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Hohenlinden, French Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The planned demonstrations were endorsed by the Assembly of Movements of the World Social Forum. The World Social Forum (WSF is an annual meeting held by members of the Anti-globalization (using the term Globalization in a Doctrinal sense not

Christian environmental groups are also increasingly active on climate change, such as The Evangelical Climate Initiative.

US Catholic Bishops also have recognized the urgency of addressing global warming in a 2001 statement from the US Congress of Catholic Bishops Global Climate Change: A Plea for Dialogue, Prudence, and the Common Good

In New Zealand, the Climaction Coalition has blockaded the main thoroughfares of Auckland City on two occasions, calling for Free and Frequent Public Transport to reduce the city's dependency on cars. Climaction is a radical environmental Climate Change coalition in New Zealand. They argue that such a measure would also help reduce global warming if repeated in other cities throughout the world. [14]

Academia

There are a large number of academic contributions specifically to the politics of global warming. The following are a small subset of these works:

Global Warming Celebrities

To help communicate the perils of climate change to the public many celebrities have become involved with green campaigning. They include Charlize Theron, Morgan Freeman, Natalie Portman, Tom Hanks, Susan Sarandon Salma Hayek. Charlize Theron ( IPA: ʃɑrˈliːz θəˈrɒn born August 7 1975 is an Academy Award -winning South African -born American actress film producer Morgan Porterfield Freeman Jr (born June 1 1937 is an Academy Award -winning American actor Film director and Narrator. Natalie Portman (נטלי פורטמן born Natalie Hershlag June 9 1981 is an Israeli American Actress. Thomas Jeffrey "Tom" Hanks (born July 9 1956 is an two-time Academy award and Emmy winning American Film actor, director Susan Sarandon (born Susan Abigail Tomalin; October 4 1946 is an American Actress. Salma Hayek Jiménez (born September 2, 1966) is a Mexican and American Brad Pitt, Keanu Reeves, Alanis Morissette, Leonardo DiCaprio, Joanne Woodward. William Bradley "Brad" Pitt Pitt received a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award nomination for his role in the 1995 film Twelve Monkeys Keanu Charles Reeves (kiːˈɑːnuː born September 2, 1964) is a Canadian Actor. Alanis Nadine Morissette (born June 1 1974 is a Canadian-born Singer-songwriter, Record producer, and Actress. Leonardo Wilhelm DiCaprio (born November 11 1974 is a three-time Academy Award -nominated and Golden Globe -winning American film actor. Joanne Gignilliat Trimmier Woodward (born February 27, 1930) is an American Academy Award - Golden Globe - Emmy and Others who have become better known to the public because of their environmental statements include Al Gore, Prince Albert of Monaco

Media

The debate over global warming was raised to a considerably higher profile when former Vice President Al Gore was given an Academy Award for his documentary film, An Inconvenient Truth. Albert Arnold Gore Jr (born March 31 1948 is an American environmental Activist, author Businessperson, former Politician, and former Early life Born in the Prince's Palace of Monaco, Albert attended the Albert I High School graduating with distinction in 1976 Albert Arnold Gore Jr (born March 31 1948 is an American environmental Activist, author Businessperson, former Politician, and former "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. An Inconvenient Truth is an American Documentary film about Global warming, presented by former United States Vice President Gore has made a considerable number of public appearances to promote the film and the subject-matter within it.

Other major media treatments of the controversy:

Timeline

See also

References

  1. ^ Rudd ratifies Kyoto - National - theage.com.au
  2. ^ Climate change concerns championed by Cameron's Conservatives
  3. ^ Base page
  4. ^ Peter Schwartz and Doug Randall (October 2003). An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United States National Security. Retrieved on 2007-09-08. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. 1264 - The Statute of Kalisz
  5. ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_warming&diff=122610581&oldid=122607192
  6. ^ A breakdown of the Senate vote on the Climate Stewardship Act | Grist | Muckraker | 05 Nov 2003
  7. ^ Pelosi creates global warming committee, Associated Press, 1/18/07.
  8. ^ Climate Change Bills of the 110th Congress Environmental Defense, May 29, 2007.
  9. ^ McKinstry, Robert B., Dernbach, John C. and Peterson, Thomas D., "Federal Climate Change Legislation as if the States Matter" . Section of Natural Resources Law, Forthcoming Available at SSRN
  10. ^ Campbell, D. (June 20, 2003) "White House cuts global warming from report" Guardian Unlimited
  11. ^ Donaghy, T. , et al. (2007) "Atmosphere of Pressure:" a report of the Government Accountability Project (Cambridge, Mass. The Government Accountability Project (GAP is the United States' leading Whistleblower protection organization : UCS Publications)
  12. ^ Rule, E. (2005) "Possible media attention" Email to NOAA staff, July 27. Obtained via FOIA request on July 31, 2006. and Teet, J. (2005) "DOC Interview Policy" Email to NOAA staff, September 29. Originally published by Alexandrovna, L. (2005) "Commerce Department tells National Weather Service media contacts must be pre-approved" The Raw Story, October 4. Accessed December 22, 2006
  13. ^ Zabarenko, D. (2007) "'Don't discuss polar bears:' memo to scientists" Reuters
  14. ^ Revkin, Andrew C. (Jan 29, 2006). Climate Expert Says NASA Tried to Silence Him. The New York Times. Retrieved on 2007-04-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar 's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in
  15. ^ Eilperin, J. (April 6, 2006) [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/04/05/AR2006040502150_pf.html "Climate Researchers Feeling Heat From White House"] Washington Post
  16. ^ Climate chaos: Bush's climate of fear. BBC Panorama (Jun 1, 2006). Retrieved on 2007-04-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar 's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in
  17. ^ Hulme, Mike (November 4, 2006). Chaotic world of climate truth. BBC News. Retrieved on 2007-04-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar 's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in
  18. ^ Groups Say Scientists Pressured On Warming. CBS News and Associated Press (Jan 30, 2007). CBS News is the news division of American Television and Radio network CBS. The Associated Press ( AP) is an American News agency. The AP is a Cooperative owned by its contributing Newspapers radio Retrieved on 2007-04-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar 's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in
  19. ^ Donaghy, Timothy; Jennifer Freeman, Francesca Grifo, Karly Kaufman, Tarek Maassarani, Lexi Shultz (Feb 2007). "Appendix A: UCS Climate Scientist Survey Text and Responses (Federal)", Atmosphere of Pressure – Political Interference in Federal Climate Science. Union of Concerned Scientists & Government Accountability Project. History The Union of Concerned Scientists was founded in 1969 by faculty and students of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, located in Cambridge Massachusetts The Government Accountability Project (GAP is the United States' leading Whistleblower protection organization Retrieved on 2007-04-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar 's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in  
  20. ^ Taranto, James (Feb 1, 2007). James Taranto (born 1966) is a Manhattan -based columnist for The Wall Street Journal and editor of its online editorial page OpinionJournal They Call This Science?. OpinionJournal.com. OpinionJournalcom was a Website featuring content from the The Wall Street Journal editorial pages Retrieved on 2007-04-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar 's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in
  21. ^ Reuters, January 30, 2007, free archived version at http://www.commondreams.org/headlines07/0130-10.htm, last visited Jan. 30, '07
  22. ^ Written testimony of Dr. Grifo before the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of the U. S. House of Representatives on January 30, 2007, archived at http://oversight.house.gov/Documents/20070130113153-55829.pdf
  23. ^ written testimony of Rick Piltz before the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of the U. S. House of Representatives on January 30, 2007, archived at http://oversight.house.gov/Documents/20070130113813-92288.pdf last visited Jan. 30, 07
  24. ^ Reuters, January 30, 2007, free archived version at http://www.commondreams.org/headlines07/0130-10.htm, last visited Jan. 30, '07
  25. ^ Rolling Stone, June 13, 2007, http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/story/15148655/the_secret_campaign_of_president_george_bushs_administration_to_deny_global
  26. ^ The Washington Post, June 21, 2007 "http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/blog/2007/06/21/BL2007062101075_2.html?nav=hcmodule , citing the Rolling Stone invetigative report published 2007/6/13
  27. ^ Associated Press, Oct. 24, 2007, http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/G/GLOBAL_WARMING_HEALTH?SITE=NVREN&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT; also archived at http://www.commondreams.org/archive/2007/10/24/4772/
  28. ^ Pidot, Justin R. (2006). Global Warming in the Courts - An Overview of Current Litigation and Common Legal Issues. Georgetown University Law Center. Georgetown University Law Center ( Georgetown Law) is Georgetown University 's Law school, located in Washington D Retrieved on 2007-04-13. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople
  29. ^ Blair, Schwarzenegger announce global warming research pact, Associated Press, 7/31/06.
  30. ^ "How the White House Worked to Scuttle California’s Climate Law", San Francisco Chronicle, September 25, 2007 http://www.commondreams.org/archive/2007/09/25/4099/
  31. ^ Planet Ark : Save The Planet Before It's Too Late, Pope Urges
  32. ^ http://www.wbcsd.org/plugins/DocSearch/details.asp?type=DocDet&ObjectId=MzAyNzQ
  33. ^ BBC News: Climate change fight 'can't wait'
  34. ^ calculator to help save the planet
  35. ^ Planet Ark : Tory Group Sets Out Plans for Green Revolution
  36. ^ Cut CO2 - You Can Help Reduce Carbon Dioxide Emissions

External links

Environmental groups

Business

See also


The Worldwatch Institute is a globally-focused environmental research organization based in Washington D Greenpeace, originally known as the Greenpeace Foundation, was founded in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada in 1972 Environmental Defense Fund or EDF (formerly known as Environmental Defense) is a US -based nonprofit environmental advocacy group. The Carbon Disclosure Project is an organisation which works with Shareholders and Corporations to disclose the Greenhouse Gas Emissions of major corporations Avoiding Dangerous Climate Change A Scientific Symposium on Stabilisation of Greenhouse Gases was a 2005 international conference that examined the link between atmospheric Greenhouse Scorcher The Dirty Politics of Climate Change is a 2007 book by Clive Hamilton which claims that Australia rather than the US is the major stumbling
© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic