PlayStation
Manufacturer	Sony Computer Entertainment
Product family	PlayStation
Type	Video game console
Generation	Fifth generation era
First available	JP December 3, 1994[1] NA September 9, 1995[2] EU September 29, 1995[3] AUS November 1995[4]
CPU	MIPS R3000A at 33 MHz. A console manufacturer is a company that manufactures and distributes Video game consoles It is also known as a first-party Video game publisher. ( SCEI) is a Japanese Video game company specializing in a variety of areas in the video game industry mostly in Video game consoles and is a full Video games were introduced as a commercial entertainment medium in 1971, becoming the basis for an important entertainment industry in the late 1970s/early 1980s in the United The fifth-generation era (more commonly known as the 32 bit era and occasionally after the release of the Nintendo 64, the 64 bit era and more rarely For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Events 1800 - War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Hohenlinden, French Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) Events 1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. 1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Events 522 BC - Darius I of Persia kills the Magian usurper Gaumâta securing his hold as king of the Persian Empire. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Australasia is a Region of Oceania: New Zealand, Australia, Papua New Guinea, and neighbouring Islands in the Pacific MIPS (originally an acronym for Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages) is a RISC microprocessor architecture developed by MIPS Technologies
Media	CD-ROM
System storage	Memory card
Units shipped	102. CD-ROM (an initialism of "Compact Disc Read-Only Memory " is a pre-pressed Compact Disc that contains data accessible to but not writable A memory card or flash memory card is a solid-state electronic Flash memory Data storage device used with Digital 49 million, including 28. 15 million PS one units[5]
Best-selling game	Gran Turismo, 10. This is a list of Video games that have sold or shipped at least one million copies including the top ten best-selling franchises. Gran Turismo (commonly abbreviated to GT or GT1) is a Racing game designed by Kazunori Yamauchi. 85 million shipped (as of April 30, 2008)[6][7]
Successor	PlayStation 2

PlayStation (often abbreviated PS, PSone or PS1, and informally as the PSX) is a 32-bit video game console of the fifth generation that was first released by Sony Computer Entertainment in December 1994. Events 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common PSX was a Sony Digital video recorder with fully integrated PlayStation and PlayStation 2 Video game consoles Since it was designed The fifth-generation era (more commonly known as the 32 bit era and occasionally after the release of the Nintendo 64, the 64 bit era and more rarely ( SCEI) is a Japanese Video game company specializing in a variety of areas in the video game industry mostly in Video game consoles and is a full ^[1]

The PlayStation was the first of the ubiquitous PlayStation series of console and hand-held game devices, which has included successor consoles and upgrades including the Net Yaroze (a special black PS with tools and instructions to program PS games and applications), PS one (a smaller version of the original), PocketStation (a handheld which enhances PS games and acts as a memory card), PlayStation 2, a revised, slimline PS2, PlayStation Portable (a handheld gaming console), a revised "PSP slim & lite", PSX (Japan only; a media center, DVR and DVD recorder based on the PS2), and PlayStation 3 (20GB, 40GB, 60GB, & 80GB). The is a Development kit for the PlayStation Video game console. The PocketStation is a miniature Personal digital assistant created by Sony as a Peripheral for the PlayStation. The PlayStation Portable (officially abbreviated PSP) is a Handheld game console manufactured and marketed by Sony Computer Entertainment. PSX was a Sony Digital video recorder with fully integrated PlayStation and PlayStation 2 Video game consoles Since it was designed A digital video recorder ( DVR) or personal video recorder ( PVR) is a device that records video in a digital format to a Disk drive or other A DVD recorder (also known as a DVDR mainly outside of the UK and Ireland is an Optical disc recorder that records video onto blank writeable DVD media By March 31, 2005, the PlayStation and PS one had shipped a combined total of 102. Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 49 million units,^[5] becoming the first video game console to reach the 100 million mark. ^[8]

Contents 1 History 1.1 Launch 1.2 Titles 1.3 Production run 2 Variants 2.1 Hacks 2.1.1 "Chipped" consoles 2.2 Net Yaroze 2.3 PS one 2.4 Summary of PlayStation models 2.5 Consumer models 2.6 Specialty models 3 Successors 4 Legacy 5 Advertisement controversy 6 Quality of construction 7 Technical specifications 8 References 9 See also 10 External links

History

According to the book "Game Over", by David Scheff, the first conceptions of the PlayStation date back to 1986. Nintendo had been attempting to work with disc technology since the Famicom, but the medium had problems. is a Multinational corporation headquartered in Kyoto Japan founded on The Nintendo Entertainment System (often abbreviated as NES or simply Nintendo) is an 8-bit Video game console that was released by Its rewritable magnetic nature could be easily erased (thus leading to a lack of durability), and the discs were a copyright infringement danger. 'Copyright infringement' (or copyright violation) is the unauthorized use of material that is covered by Copyright law in a manner that violates Consequently, when details of CDROM/XA (an extension of the CD-ROM format that combines compressed audio, visual and computer data, allowing all to be accessed simultaneously) came out, Nintendo was interested. CD-ROM (an initialism of "Compact Disc Read-Only Memory " is a pre-pressed Compact Disc that contains data accessible to but not writable CD-ROM/XA was being simultaneously developed by Sony and Phillips. is a multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato Tokyo, Japan, and one of the world's largest Media conglomerates with Nintendo approached Sony to develop a CD-ROM add-on, tentatively titled the "SNES-CD". CD-ROM (an initialism of "Compact Disc Read-Only Memory " is a pre-pressed Compact Disc that contains data accessible to but not writable A contract was signed, and work began. Nintendo's choice of Sony was due to a prior dealing: Ken Kutaragi, the person who would later be dubbed "The Father of PlayStation", was the individual who had sold Nintendo on using the Sony SPC-700 processor for use as the eight-channel ADPCM sound synthesis set in the Super Famicom/SNES console through an impressive demonstration of the processor's capabilities. is the former Chairman and Chief executive officer of Sony Computer Entertainment (SCEI the Video game division of Sony Corporation The Sony SPC700 is the 8-bit sound chip designed by Ken Kutaragi and used in the Super Famicom / Super Nintendo Entertainment System Video The Super Nintendo Entertainment System or Super NES (also called SNES and Super Nintendo) is a 16-bit Video game console that was

Sony also planned to develop another, Nintendo compatible, Sony-branded console, but one which would be more of a home entertainment system playing both Super Nintendo cartridges and a new CD format which Sony would design. The Super Nintendo Entertainment System or Super NES (also called SNES and Super Nintendo) is a 16-bit Video game console that was This was also to be the format used in SNES-CD discs, giving a large degree of control to Sony despite Nintendo's leading position in the video gaming market.

The SNES-CD was to be announced at the June 1991 Consumer Electronics Show (CES). The International Consumer Electronics Show (CES is a Trade show held each January in Las Vegas, Nevada, and is sponsored However, when Hiroshi Yamauchi read the original 1988 contract between Sony and Nintendo, he realized that the earlier agreement essentially handed Sony complete control over any and all titles written on the SNES CD-ROM format. is a Japanese businessman He was the third president of Nintendo Co Yamauchi decided that the contract was totally unacceptable and he secretly canceled all plans for the joint Nintendo-Sony SNES CD attachment. Instead of announcing a partnership between Sony and Nintendo, at 9 a. m. the day of the CES, Nintendo chairman Howard Lincoln stepped onto the stage and revealed that Nintendo was now allied with Philips, and Nintendo was planning on abandoning all the previous work Nintendo and Sony had accomplished. Howard Charles Lincoln (born February 14, 1940) is an American lawyer and businessman known primarily for being the former chairman of Nintendo of Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV ( Royal Philips Electronics Inc. Lincoln and Minoru Arakawa had, unbeknown to Sony, flown to Philips headquarters in Europe and formed an alliance of a decidedly different nature—one that would give Nintendo total control over its licenses on Philips machines. (born September 3, 1946) was the president of Nintendo of America (NOA from 1980 to 2002

After the collapse of the joint project, Sony considered halting their research, but ultimately the company decided to use what they had developed so far and make it into a complete, stand alone console. As a result, Nintendo filed a lawsuit claiming breach of contract and attempted, in U.S. federal court, to obtain an injunction against the release of the PlayStation, on the grounds that Nintendo owned the name. Breach of contract is a Legal concept in which a Binding agreement or bargained-for exchange is not honored by one or more of the parties to the contract by non-performance The United States federal courts are the system of Courts organized under the Constitution and laws of the Federal government of the United States An injunction is an Equitable remedy in the form of a Court order, whereby a party is required to do or interact with in certain ways all right or to refrain from The federal judge presiding over the case denied the injunction and, in October 1991, the first incarnation of the new Sony PlayStation was revealed. However, it is theorized that only 200 or so of these machines were ever produced.

By the end of 1992, Sony and Nintendo reached a deal whereby the "Sony Play Station" would still have a port for SNES games, but Nintendo would own the rights and receive the bulk of the profits from the games, and the SNES would continue to use the Sony-designed audio chip. A memory card or flash memory card is a solid-state electronic Flash memory Data storage device used with Digital However, Sony decided in early 1993 to begin reworking the "Play Station" concept to target a new generation of hardware and software. As part of this process the SNES cartridge port was dropped and the space between the names was removed.

Launch

The PlayStation was launched in Japan on December 3, 1994, North America on September 9, 1995,^[2] Europe on September 29, 1995,^[3] and Oceania in November 1995. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Events 1800 - War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Hohenlinden, French Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) Events 1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. 1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Events 522 BC - Darius I of Persia kills the Magian usurper Gaumâta securing his hold as king of the Persian Empire. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 ^[4] The launch price in the American market was US$299^[2] (a price point later used by its successor, the PlayStation 2),^[9] and Sony enjoyed a very successful launch with titles of almost every genre, including Battle Arena Toshinden, Twisted Metal, Warhawk, Philosoma, and Ridge Racer. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been is a Weapons based fighting game for the PlayStation, Sega Saturn and PC. Twisted Metal is the first game in the Twisted Metal Vehicular combat series Warhawk is a futuristic arcade-style flight-combat game for the Sony PlayStation console developed by SingleTrac and released by Sony. Philosoma is a Video game for the Sony PlayStation, released in 1996 and published by Sony Computer Entertainment America. Almost all of Sony's and Namco's launch titles went on to spawn numerous sequels. is an amusement company based in Japan, best known overseas for Video games development

The PlayStation was also able to generate interest with a unique series of advertising campaigns. An advertising campaign is a series of Advertisement messages that share a single idea and theme which make up an integrated marketing communication (IMC Many of the ads released at the time of launch were full of ambiguous content which had many gamers rabidly debating their meanings. The most well-known launch ads include the "Enos Lives" campaign, and the "U R Not e" ads (the "e" in "U R Not e" was always colored in red, to symbolize the word "ready", and the "Enos" meant "ready Ninth Of September", the U. S. launch date). The Enos ad could also be read as Sony written backward with phonetic sound of "E" replacing the "y". It is believed that these ads were an attempt to play off the gaming public's suspicion towards Sony as an unknown, untested entity in the video game market. The PlayStation 3 slogan, "PLAY B3YOND", resembles this slogan, as the 3 is red.

The PlayStation logo was designed by Ryan Harrington, who also designed the logo for Sony's VAIO computer products. VAIO, originally an Acronym for Video Audio Integrated Operation, but since 2008 amended to Visual Audio Intelligence Organizer to celebrate the

Titles

See also: Chronology of PlayStation games and List of PlayStation 1 games

As of September 30, 2007, 7,978 software titles have been released worldwide (counting games released in multiple regions as separate titles). This is a comprehensive chronology of PlayStation games Games from any region are included This is a list of games for the Sony PlayStation Video game system organized alphabetically by name Events 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England. 1744 - France and Spain defeat the Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ^[10] As of March 31, 2007, the cumulative software shipment was at 962 million units. Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ^[11] The very last game for the system was FIFA Football 2005. FIFA Football 2005 (also known as FIFA Soccer 2005 or simply FIFA 2005) is a video game based around the sport of Association football, released in

The OK and Cancel buttons on most of the Japanese PlayStation games are reversed in their North American and European releases. In Japan, the button (maru, right) is universally used as the OK button, while the button (batsu, wrong) is used as the Cancel one. North American and European releases have the button or the buttons as the OK button, while the or the buttons are used as the Cancel ones. However, a few games such as Squaresoft's Vagrant Story, Final Fantasy VII, and Final Fantasy Tactics, and Konami's Metal Gear Solid, have the buttons remain in the same Japanese configuration in their North American and European releases. is a Japanese video game and publishing company best known for its Console role-playing game franchises which include the Final Fantasy series the Dragon is a Japanese-developed Console role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) for the Sony PlayStation Video game is a Console role-playing game developed by Square (now Square Enix) and published by Sony Computer Entertainment as the seventh installment in the is a Tactical role-playing game developed and published by Square (now Square Enix) for the Sony PlayStation Video game console. () is a leading developer and publisher of numerous popular and strong-selling toys Trading cards, Anime, Tokusatsu, Slot machines is a stealth-action Video game directed by Hideo Kojima. The game was developed by Konami Computer Entertainment Japan and first published These Japanese button layouts still apply to other PlayStation consoles, such as the PlayStation Portable (PSP), PlayStation 2 and the PlayStation 3. The PlayStation Portable (officially abbreviated PSP) is a Handheld game console manufactured and marketed by Sony Computer Entertainment. This is because in the early years Sony America (SCEA), Sony Europe (SCEE) and Sony Japan (SCEJ) had different development and testing documents (TRCs) for their respective territories.

Production run

Lasting over 11 years, the PlayStation enjoyed one of the longest production runs in the video game industry. On March 23, 2006, Sony announced the end of production. Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. is a multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato Tokyo, Japan, and one of the world's largest Media conglomerates with ^[12]

Variants

The PlayStation went through a number of variants during its production run, each accompanied by a change in the part number. From an external perspective, the most notable change was the gradual reduction in the number of external connectors on the unit. This started very early on—the original Japanese launch units (SCPH-1000) had an S-Video port, which was removed on the next release. Super Video or Separated Video abbreviated S-Video and also known as Y/C is an analog video signal that carries the video data as two separate This also led to the strange situation where the US and European launch units had the same part number series (SCPH-100x) as the Japanese launch units, but had different hardware (Rev. C silicon and no S-Video port)—they were the same as the Japanese SCPH-3000, so for consistency should have been SCPH-3001 and SCPH-3002 (this numbering was used for the Yaroze machines, which were based on the same hardware and numbered DTL-H3000, DTL-H3001, and DTL-H3002). This series of machines had a reputation for CD drive problems—the optical pickup sled was made of thermoplastic, and eventually developed wear spots that moved the laser into a position where it was no longer parallel with the CD surface—a modification was made that replaced the sled with a die-cast one with hard nylon inserts, which corrected the problem.

With the release of the next series (SCPH-500x), the numbers moved back into sync. A number of changes were made to the unit internally (CD drive relocated, shielding simplified, PSU wiring simplified) and the RCA jacks and RFU power connectors were removed from the rear panel. This series also contained the SCPH-550x and SCPH-555x units, but these appear to have been bundle changes rather than actual hardware revisions.

These were followed by the SCPH-700x and SCHP-750x series—they are externally identical to the SCPH-500x machines, but have internal changes made to reduce manufacturing costs (for example, the system RAM went from 4 chips to 1, and the CD controller went from 3 chips to 1).

The final revision to the original PlayStation was the SCPH-900x series—these had the same hardware as the SCPH-750x machines with the exception of the removal of the parallel port and a slight reduction in the size of the PCB. The removal of the parallel port was probably partly because no official add-on had ever been released for it, and partly because it was being used to connect cheat cartridges that could be used to defeat the copy prevention. Copy protection, also known as content protection, copy prevention, or copy restriction, is a technology for preventing the unauthorised reproduction

The PS one was based on substantially the same hardware as the SCPH-750x and 900x, but had the serial port removed, the controller / memory card ports moved to the main PCB and the power supply replaced with a DC-DC converter that was also on the main PCB.

With the early units, many gamers experienced skipping full-motion video or dreaded physical "ticking" noises coming from their PlayStations. The problem appears to have come from poorly placed vents leading to overheating in some environments—the plastic moldings inside the console would warp very slightly and create knock-on effects with the laser assembly. The solution was to ensure the console was sat on a surface which dissipated heat efficiently in a well vented area, or raise the unit up slightly by propping something at its edges. A common fix for already affected consoles was to turn the PlayStation sideways or upside-down (thereby using gravity to cancel the effects of the warped interior) although some gamers smacked the lid of the PlayStation to make a game load or work.

Sony then released a version dubbed "Dual Shock", which included a controller with 2 analog sticks and a built in force-feedback feature. An analog stick, sometimes called a thumbstick, control stick, or occasionally

Another version that was colored blue (as opposed to regular console units that were grey in color) was available to game developers and select press. Later versions of this were colored green—on a technical level, these units were almost identical to the retail units, but had a different CD controller in them that did not require the region code found on all pressed disks, since they were intended to be used with CD-R media for debugging. This also allowed the use of discs from different regions, but this was not officially supported; different debug stations existed for each region. The two different color cases were not cosmetic—the original blue debug station (DTL-H100x, DTL-H110x) contained "Revision B" silicon, the same as the early retail units (these units had silicon errata that needed software workarounds), the green units (DTL-H120x) had Rev. C hardware. As part of the required tests, the user had to test the title on both. Contrary to popular belief, the RAM was the same as the retail units at 2 MB. The firmware was nearly identical—the only significant change was that debug printf()s got sent to the serial port if the title didn't open it for communications—this used a DTL-H3050 serial cable (the same as the one used for the Yaroze).

A white version was also produced that had the ability to play VCDs—this was only sold in Asia, since that format never really caught on anywhere else. From a developer perspective, the white PSX could be treated exactly like any other NTSC:J PlayStation.

The PS1 with a model number of SCPH-1001 has been reported to be a very good sounding compact disc player rivaling audiophile CD players from high end audio manufacturers. A Compact Disc player (often written as compact disc player) or CD player, is an electronic device which plays audio Compact Discs CD players are often An audiophile, from Latin audio "I hear" and Greek philos "loving" is an audio reproduction enthusiast who typically listens High-end audio is a term used to describe higher priced and/or higher quality audio equipment ^[13]

Hacks

A number of these units appeared on the secondary market and were popular because they would run games from any region and CD-R copies, which tended to result in them commanding high prices. All the blue units tend to have CD problems, but the DTL-H110x units (with an external PSU block) are significantly more reliable than the original DTL-H100x ones.

"Chipped" consoles

The installation of a modchip allowed the PlayStation's capabilities to be expanded, and several options were made available. A modchip (short for modification chip) is a small electronic device used to modify or disable built-in restrictions and limitations of many popular Videogame consoles By the end of the system's life cycle almost anyone with minimal soldering experience was able to realize the modification of the console. Such a modification allowed the playing of games from other regions, such as PAL titles on a NTSC console, or allowed the ability to play copies of original games without restriction. PAL, short for Phase Alternating Line, is a colour -encoding system used in Broadcast television systems in large parts of the world NTSC ( National Television System Committee) is the Analog television system used in the United States, Canada, Japan, Mexico Modchips allow the playing of games recorded on a regular CD-R. A modchip (short for modification chip) is a small electronic device used to modify or disable built-in restrictions and limitations of many popular Videogame consoles A CD-R ( C ompact D isc- R ecordable is a variation of the Compact Disc invented by Philips and Sony. This created a wave of games developed without official approval using free GNU compiler tools, as well as the reproduction of original discs. Free software or software libre is Software that can be used studied and modified without restriction and which can be copied and redistributed in modified or unmodified GNU ( pronounced) is a computer Operating system composed entirely of Free software. A compiler is a Computer program (or set of programs that translates text written in a computer language (the source language) into another With the introduction of such devices the console was very attractive to programmers and illegal copiers alike.

Anyone seeking to create copies of games that would work correctly faced several issues at the time, as the discs that were produced by Sony were designed to be difficult to copy — and impossible to copy on recordable media. Discs were manufactured with a black-colored plastic, transparent only to the infrared radiation used by the CD-ROM drive's laser. This was found to offer little protection. Additionally, the discs were mastered with a specific wobble in the lead-in area. This wobble encodes a four-character sequence which is checked by the CD-ROM drive's controller chip. The drive will only accept the disc if the code is correct. This string varies depending on the region of the disk—"SCEI" for NTSC:J machines, "SCEA" for NTSC:U/C machines, "SCEE" for PAL machines and "SCEW" for the Net Yaroze. Since the tracking pattern is pressed into the disc at the time of manufacture, this cannot be reproduced on a CD-R recorder. Some companies (notably Datel) did manage to produce discs that booted on unmodified retail units, but this required special equipment and can only be done with "pressed" discs. Datel (previously Datel Electronics) is a UK -based electronics and game console peripherals manufacturer However, inexpensive modchips were created that simply injected the code to the appropriate connections to the controller chip, which provided an easy way of bypassing these measures. The other issue is that most PC drives used Mode 1 or Mode 2/Form 1 (2048 bytes/sector) and the PSX uses a mixed-mode format with most data in Mode 2/Form 1 and streaming audio/video data in Mode 2/Form 2, which most CD-R drives at the time could not handle well. Newer drives were able to correctly handle these variations.

The creation and mass-production of these inexpensive modchips, coupled with their ease of installation, marked the beginning of widespread console videogame copyright infringement. Coincidentally, CD-ROM burners were made available around this time. Prior to the PlayStation, the reproduction of copyrighted material for gaming consoles was restricted to either enthusiasts with exceptional technical ability, or others that had access to CD manufacturers. Compact disc manufacturing is the process by which commercial Compact discs (CDs are replicated in mass quantities using a master version created from a source recording With this console, amateurs could replicate anything Sony was producing for a mere fraction of the MSRP. The ( manufacturer's) suggested retail price ( MSRP or SRP) list price or recommended retail price ( RRP) (originally

Net Yaroze

A version of the PlayStation called the Net Yaroze was also produced. The is a Development kit for the PlayStation Video game console. It was more expensive than the original PlayStation, colored black instead of the usual gray, and most importantly, came with tools and instructions that allowed a user to be able to program PlayStation games and applications without the need for a full developer suite, which cost many times the amount of a PlayStation and was only available to approved video game developers. A video game developer is a software developer (a business or an individual that creates Video games A developer may specialize in a certain video Naturally, the Net Yaroze lacked many of the features the full developer suite provided. Programmers were also limited by the 2 MB of total game space that Net Yaroze allowed. The is a Development kit for the PlayStation Video game console. That means the entire game had to be crammed into the 2 MB of system RAM. The amount of space may seem small, but games like Ridge Racer ran entirely from the system RAM (except for the streamed music tracks). It was unique in that it was the only officially retailed Sony PlayStation with no regional lockout; it would play games from any territory. Regional lockout is the programming practice code chip or physical barrier used to prevent the playing of media designed for a device from the country where it is marketed on the It would not however play CDR discs, so it was not possible to create self-booting Yaroze games without a modified Playstation.

PS one

The PS one (also PSone, PSOne, or PS1), launched in 2000, is Sony's smaller (and redesigned) version of its PlayStation video game console. The DualShock (officially DUALSHOCK and occasionally referred to as Dual Shock) is a line of vibration-feedback is a multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato Tokyo, Japan, and one of the world's largest Media conglomerates with The PS one is about one-half times smaller than the original PlayStation (38 mm × 193 mm × 144 mm versus 45 mm × 260 mm × 185 mm). It was released in July 7, 2000,^[14] and went on to outsell all other consoles—including Sony's own brand-new PlayStation 2—throughout the remainder of the year. Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Sony also released a small LCD screen and an adaptor to power the unit for use in cars. The PS one is fully compatible with all PlayStation software. The PlayStation is now officially abbreviated as the "PS1" or "PS one. " There were three differences between the "PS one" and the original, the first one being cosmetic change to the console, the second one was the home menu's Graphical User Interface, and the third being added protection against the mod-chip by changing the internal layout and making previous-generation mod-chip devices unusable. A modchip (short for modification chip) is a small electronic device used to modify or disable built-in restrictions and limitations of many popular Videogame consoles A modchip (short for modification chip) is a small electronic device used to modify or disable built-in restrictions and limitations of many popular Videogame consoles The PS one also lacks the original PlayStation's parallel and serial ports. The serial port allowed multiple consoles to be connected for multiplayer or for connecting a console to debugging software. The parallel port could be used for development, an external cheat cartridge or a mod-chip, which may have been why it was removed, although size constraints are most likely to blame. A modchip (short for modification chip) is a small electronic device used to modify or disable built-in restrictions and limitations of many popular Videogame consoles

Summary of PlayStation models

The last digit of the PlayStation model number denotes the region in which it was sold:

• 0 is Japan (Japanese boot ROM, NTSC:J region, NTSC Video, 100V PSU)
• 1 is USA/Canada (English boot ROM, NTSC:U/C region, NTSC Video, 110V PSU)
• 2 is Europe/PAL (English boot ROM, PAL region, PAL Video, 220V PSU)
• 3 is Asia (Japanese boot ROM, NTSC:J region, NTSC video, 220V PSU)

Consumer models

Model:	Case:	BIOS:	Hardware:	Region:	A/V Direct Out:	Parallel Port:	Serial Port:	Sound Scope:	Notes:
SCPH-1000	Original (Grey)	Unknown (09/22/94)	Rev. A	NTSC-J	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. CD-ROM (an initialism of "Compact Disc Read-Only Memory " is a pre-pressed Compact Disc that contains data accessible to but not writable S-Video direct out. Super Video or Separated Video abbreviated S-Video and also known as Y/C is an analog video signal that carries the video data as two separate
SCPH-1001	Original (Grey)	2. 2 (12/04/95)	Rev. B	NTSC-U/C	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. Based on SCPH-3000 series.
SCPH-1002	Original (Grey)	2. 0 (05/10/95)	Rev. B	PAL	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. Based on SCPH-3000 series.
SCPH-1002	Original (Grey)	2. 1 (07/17/95)	Rev. B	PAL	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. Based on SCPH-3000 series.
SCPH-1002	Original (Grey)	2. 2 (12/04/95)	Rev. B	PAL	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. Based on SCPH-3000 series.
SCPH-3000	Original (Grey)	1. 1 (01/22/95)	Rev. B	NTSC-J	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive.
SCPH-3500	Original (Grey)	2. 1 (07/17/95)	Rev. B	NTSC-J	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
SCPH-5000	Original (Grey)	2. 2 (12/04/95)	Rev. C	NTSC-J	No	Yes	Yes	No	CD-ROM drive re-located on right side of CD bay. A/V direct out and RFU power connector removed. Model numbers synchronized worldwide.
SCPH-5001	Original (Grey)	Unknown (Unknown)	Rev. C	NTSC-U/C	No	Yes	Yes	No
SCPH-5002	Original (Grey)	Unknown (Unknown)	Rev. C	PAL	No	Yes	Yes	No
SCPH-5003	Original (Grey)	Unknown (Unknown)	Rev. C	NTSC-J	No	Yes	Yes	No
SCPH-5500	Original (Grey)	3. 0 (09/09/96)	Rev. C	NTSC-J	No	Yes	Yes	No
SCPH-5501	Original (Grey)	3. 0 (11/18/96)	Rev. C	NTSC-U/C	No	Yes	Yes	No
SCPH-5502	Original (Grey)	3. 0 (01/06/97)	Rev. C	PAL	No	Yes	Yes	No
SCPH-5503	Original (Grey)	Unknown (Unknown)	Rev. C	NTSC-J	No	Yes	Yes	No
SCPH-5552	Original (Grey)	3. 0 (01/06/97)	Rev. C	PAL	No	Yes	Yes	No	A very rare Men in Black promotional model exists with a black case and the films logo on the CD lid. Men in Black is a 1997 science fiction comedy Action film directed by Barry Sonnenfeld, starring Tommy Lee Jones
SCPH-5903	Original (White)	Unknown (Unknown)	Rev. C	NTSC-J	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Only model capable of playing Video CD movies.
SCPH-7000	Original (Grey)	4. 0 (08/18/97)	Rev. C	NTSC-J	No	Yes	Yes	No	DualShock now standard. The DualShock (officially DUALSHOCK and occasionally referred to as Dual Shock) is a line of vibration-feedback Introduction of Sound Scope. Available in midnight blue as promotional item to celebrate the 10 millionth PlayStation sold.
SCPH-7001	Original (Grey)	4. 1 (12/16/97)	Rev. C	NTSC-U/C	No	Yes	Yes	No	DualShock now standard. Introduction of Sound Scope. Available in midnight blue as promotional item to celebrate the 10 millionth PlayStation sold.
SCPH-7002	Original (Grey)	4. 1 (12/16/97)	Rev. C	PAL	No	Yes	Yes	No	DualShock now standard. Available in midnight blue as promotional item to celebrate the 10 millionth PlayStation sold.
SCPH-7003	Original (Grey)	3. 0 (11/18/96)	Rev. C	NTSC-J	No	Yes	Yes	No
SCPH-7500	Original (Grey)	Unknown (Unknown)	Rev. C	NTSC-J	No	Yes	Yes	No
SCPH-7501	Original (Grey)	4. 1 (12/16/97)	Rev. C	NTSC-U/C	No	Yes	Yes	No
SCPH-7502	Original (Grey)	4. 1 (12/16/97)	Rev. C	PAL	No	Yes	Yes	No
SCPH-7503	Original (Grey)	4. 1 (12/16/97)	Rev. C	NTSC-J	No	Yes	Yes	No
SCPH-9000	Original (Grey)	4. 0 (08/18/97)	Rev. C	NTSC-J	No	No	Yes	Yes	High quality CD-ROM drive. Introduction of Sound Scope. Parallel port removed.
SCPH-9001	Original (Grey)	4. 1 (12/16/97)	Rev. C	NTSC-U/C	No	No	Yes	Yes	High quality CD-ROM drive. Parallel port removed.
SCPH-9002	Original (Grey)	4. 1 (12/16/97)	Rev. C	PAL	No	No	Yes	Yes	High quality CD-ROM drive. Parallel port removed.
SCPH-9003	Original (Grey)	Unknown (Unknown)	Rev. C	NTSC-J	No	No	Yes	Yes	High quality CD-ROM drive. Parallel port removed.
SCPH-100	PS one (White)	4. 3 (03/11/00)	Rev. C	NTSC-J	No	No	No	Yes	Redesigned smaller case. Controller and memory card ports integrated onto motherboard. Serial port removed. Has external power supply.
SCPH-101	PS one (White)	4. 5 (05/25/00)	Rev. C	NTSC-U/C	No	No	No	Yes	Redesigned smaller case. Controller and memory card ports integrated onto motherboard. Serial port removed. Has external power supply.
SCPH-102	PS one (White)	4. 4 (03/24/00)	Rev. C	PAL	No	No	No	Yes	Redesigned smaller case. Controller and memory card ports integrated onto motherboard. Serial port removed. Has external power supply.
SCPH-102	PS one (White)	4. 5 (05/25/00)	Rev. C	PAL	No	No	No	Yes	Redesigned smaller case. Controller and memory card ports integrated onto motherboard. Serial port removed. Has external power supply.
SCPH-103	PS one (White)	Unknown (Unknown)	Rev. C	NTSC-J	No	No	No	Yes	Redesigned smaller case. Controller and memory card ports integrated onto motherboard. Serial port removed. Has external power supply.

Specialty models

Model:	Case:	BIOS:	Hardware:	Region:	A/V Direct Out:	Parallel Port:	Serial Port:	Sound Scope:	Notes:
DTL-H1000	Original (Blue)	Unknown (09/22/94)	Rev. A	NTSC-J	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. S-Video direct out. Debugger. Can play games from any region and CD-R copies. A CD-R ( C ompact D isc- R ecordable is a variation of the Compact Disc invented by Philips and Sony.
DTL-H1000H	Original (Blue)	1. 1 (01/22/95)	Rev. B	NTSC-J	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. Debugger. Can play games from any region and CD-R copies. A CD-R ( C ompact D isc- R ecordable is a variation of the Compact Disc invented by Philips and Sony.
DTL-H1001	Original (Blue)	2. 0 (05/07/95)	Rev. B	NTSC-U/C	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. Debugger. Can play games from any region and CD-R copies.
DTL-H1001H	Original (Blue)	Unknown (Unknown)	Rev. B	NTSC-U/C	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. Debugger. Can play games from any region and CD-R copies.
DTL-H1002	Original (Blue)	2. 0 (05/10/95)	Rev. B	PAL	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. Debugger. Can play games from any region and CD-R copies.
DTL-H1100	Original (Blue)	2. 2 (03/06/96)	Rev. B	NTSC-J	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. Debugger. Can play games from any region and CD-R copies. Has external power supply.
DTL-H1101	Original (Blue)	2. 1 (07/17/95)	Rev. B	NTSC-U/C	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. Debugger. Can play games from any region and CD-R copies. Has external power supply.
DTL-H1102	Original (Blue)	2. 1 (07/17/95)	Rev. B	PAL	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. Debugger. Can play games from any region and CD-R copies. Has external power supply.
DTL-H1200	Original (Green)	2. 2 (12/04/95)	Rev. C	NTSC-J	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Debugger. A debugger is a Computer program that is used to test and Debug other programs Can play games from any region and CD-R copies.
DTL-H1201	Original (Green)	2. 2 (12/04/95)	Rev. C	NTSC-U/C	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Debugger. Can play games from any region and CD-R copies.
DTL-H1202	Original (Green)	2. 2 (12/04/95)	Rev. C	PAL	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Debugger. Can play games from any region and CD-R copies.
DTL-H3000	Original (Black)	Unknown (Unknown)	Rev. B	NTSC-J	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. Net Yaroze hobbyist development system. The is a Development kit for the PlayStation Video game console. Can play games from any region but not CD-R copies.
DTL-H3001	Original (Black)	2. 2 (12/04/95)	Rev. B	NTSC-U/C	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. Net Yaroze hobbyist development system. Can play games from any region but not CD-R copies.
DTL-H3002	Original (Black)	2. 2 (12/04/95)	Rev. B	PAL	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Low quality CD-ROM drive. Net Yaroze hobbyist development system. Can play games from any region but not CD-R copies.

Successors

Sony's successor to the PlayStation is the PlayStation 2, which is backward compatible with its predecessor in that it can play almost every PlayStation game. ( SCEI) is a Japanese Video game company specializing in a variety of areas in the video game industry mostly in Video game consoles and is a full In Technology, especially Computing (irrespective of platform a product is said to be backward compatible when it is able to take the place of an older product This was done by embedding the most important parts of the PS one inside the PlayStation 2 design. Unlike emulators that run on a PC, the PlayStation 2 actually contains the original PlayStation processor, allowing games to run exactly as they do on the PlayStation. For PlayStation 2 games this processor, called the IOP, is used for input and output (memory cards, DVD drive, network, and hard drive). A memory card or flash memory card is a solid-state electronic Flash memory Data storage device used with Digital DVD (also known as " Digital Versatile Disc " or " Digital Video Disc " - see Etymology)is Like its predecessor, the PlayStation 2 is based on hardware developed by Sony themselves.

The third generation of the PlayStation is known as the PlayStation 3, or PS3, and was launched on November 11, 2006 in Japan, November 17, 2006 in North America, and March 23, 2007 in Europe. Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The PlayStation 3 is backward compatible with nearly all games that were originally made for PlayStation 1. In PAL territories and later shipments in North America and Japan, however, the PlayStation 3 lacks some of the backwards compatibility hardware and so supports significantly fewer PlayStation 2 games. PAL, short for Phase Alternating Line, is a colour -encoding system used in Broadcast television systems in large parts of the world For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. However, the list of compatible games is being increased via software emulation. An emulator duplicates (provides an emulation of the functions of one System using a different system so that the second system behaves like (and appears to PS3 games will not be region-locked, but PlayStation 1 and 2 games still only play on a PS3 console from the same territory.

The PlayStation Portable (officially PSP) is a handheld game console first released in late 2004. The PlayStation Portable (officially abbreviated PSP) is a Handheld game console manufactured and marketed by Sony Computer Entertainment. A handheld game console is a lightweight portable electronic machine for playing Video games Unlike Video game consoles the controls screen and speakers Despite the name, it is not compatible with PlayStation games; it only runs games developed specifically for the PSP on the UMD format. The Universal Media Disc ( UMD) is an Optical disc medium developed by Sony for use on the PlayStation Portable. Nevertheless, at the PlayStation Briefing conference on March 15, 2006 in Japan, Sony revealed plans for PlayStation 1 games to be downloaded and playable on the PSP through emulation. Events 44 BC - Julius Caesar, Dictator of the Roman Republic, is stabbed to death by Marcus Junius Brutus, Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Sony hopes to release nearly all PlayStation 1 games on a gradual basis;^[15] however, as of late December 2006, a custom firmware release allows users to play PS1 image files converted into the PSP's EBOOT format. PlayStation

Legacy

The success of the PlayStation is widely believed to have influenced the demise of the cartridge-based home console. While not the first system to utilize an optical disc format, it was the first success story, and ended up going head-to-head with the last major home console to rely on proprietary cartridges—the Nintendo 64. The, often abbreviated as N64, is Nintendo 's third home Video game console for the international market

Nintendo was very public about its skepticism toward using CDs and DVDs to store games, citing longer load times and durability issues. It was widely speculated that the company was even more concerned with copyright infringement, given its substantial reliance on licensing and exclusive titles for its revenue. The verb license or grant license means to give permission The noun license is the document demonstrating that permission

The increasing complexity of games (in content, graphics, and sound) pushed cartridges to their storage limits and this fact began to turn off third party developers. Also, CDs were appealing to publishers due to the fact that they could be produced at a significantly lower cost and offered more flexibility (it was easy to change production to meet demand). In turn, they were able to pass the lower costs onto consumers. One major industry disadvantage of CDs was illegal copying due to the advent of CD burners and mod chips. However, this ironically became a selling point of the PlayStation. The PlayStation's production was discontinued on March 23, 2006. Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ^[12]

Advertisement controversy

To celebrate the ten-year anniversary of the PlayStation in 2005, Sony Italy released an advertisement portraying a young man wearing a crown of thorns (the thorns being made of , , and symbols, the labels on the buttons of PlayStation controllers), on his head. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Advertising is a form of Communication that typically attempts to persuade potential Customers to Purchase or to consume more of a particular Brand The ad was captioned with "Dieci anni di passione" (in English, this translates to "Ten years of passion"). The ad, assumed to be a takeoff of Mel Gibson's 2004 movie The Passion of the Christ, was met with outrage from the Vatican. Mel Columcille Gerard Gibson, AO (born January 3 1956 The Passion of the Christ is a 2004 film co-written co-produced and directed by Mel Gibson. The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome, commonly known as the Pope, and is the preeminent Episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Sony apologized and removed the advertisement. ^[16]

Quality of construction

The first batch of PlayStations used a KSM-440AAM laser unit whose case and all movable parts were completely made out of plastic. A laser is a device that emits Light ( Electromagnetic radiation) through a process called Stimulated emission. Over time, friction caused the plastic tray to wear out—usually unevenly. The placement of the laser unit close to the power supply accelerated wear because of the additional heat, which made the plastic even more vulnerable to friction. Eventually, the tray would become so worn that the laser no longer pointed directly at the CD and games would no longer load. Sony eventually fixed the problem by making the tray out of die-cast metal and placing the laser unit farther away from the power supply on later models of the PlayStation.

Some units, particularly the early 100x models, would be unable to play FMV or music correctly, resulting in skipping or freezing. Full motion video based games, usually abbreviated as FMV-based games, are Video games that rely upon pre-recorded TV -quality movie or In more extreme cases the PlayStation would only work correctly when used upside down.

Technical specifications

Central processing unit

MIPS R3000A-compatible (R3051) 32bit RISC chip running at 33. A motherboard is the central or primary Printed circuit board (PCB making up a complex electronic system such as a modern Computer or Laptop MIPS (originally an acronym for Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages) is a RISC microprocessor architecture developed by MIPS Technologies 8688 MHz

The chip is manufactured by LSI Logic Corp. with technology licensed from SGI. The hertz (symbol Hz) is a measure of Frequency, informally defined as the number of events occurring per Second. LSI Corporation is an electronics company based in Milpitas California that designs ASICs Host bus adapters RAID adapters Storage Silicon Graphics Inc (commonly initialised to SGI, historically sometimes referred to as Silicon Graphics Computer Systems or SGCS) is a company The chip also contains the Geometry Transformation Engine and the Data Decompression Engine.

Features:

• Operating Performance of 30 MIPS
• Bus Bandwidth 132 MB/s
• Instruction Cache 4 KB
• Data Cache 1 KB (non associative, just 1024 bytes of mapped fast SRAM)

Geometry transformation engine

This engine is inside the main CPU chip. Instructions per second (IPS is a measure of a Computer 's processor speed In telecommunications Bit rate or Data transfer rate is the average number of Bits characters or blocks per unit time passing between equipment in a data transmission A kilobyte (derived from the SI prefix Kilo -, meaning 1000 is a unit of Information or Computer storage equal to either 1024 In Computer science, a cache (kæʃ like "cash") is a collection of data duplicating original Static random access memory (SRAM is a type of Semiconductor memory where the word static indicates that unlike ''dynamic'' RAM (DRAM, it does not It gives it additional (vector-)math instructions used for the 3D graphics. 3D computer graphics (in contrast to 2D computer graphics) are graphics that use a three-dimensional representation of geometric data that is stored in the computer

Features:

• Operating performance of 66 MIPS
• 360,000 flat-shaded polygons per second
• 180,000 texture mapped and light-sourced polygons per second

Sony originally gave the polygon count as:

• 1 million flat-shaded polygons per second;
• 500,000 texture mapped and light-sourced polygons per second. Instructions per second (IPS is a measure of a Computer 's processor speed In Geometry a polygon (ˈpɒlɨɡɒn ˈpɒliɡɒn is traditionally a plane figure that is bounded by a closed path or circuit is a multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato Tokyo, Japan, and one of the world's largest Media conglomerates with In Geometry a polygon (ˈpɒlɨɡɒn ˈpɒliɡɒn is traditionally a plane figure that is bounded by a closed path or circuit

These figures were given as a ballpark figure for performance under optimal circumstances, and so are unrealistic under normal usage.

Data decompression engine

This engine is also inside the main CPU. It is responsible for decompressing images and video. Documented device mode is to read three RLE-encoded 16×16 macroblocks, run IDCT and assemble a single 16×16 RGB macroblock. Run-length encoding ( RLE) is a very simple form of Data compression in which runs of data (that is sequences in which the same data value occurs in many A discrete cosine transform ( DCT) expresses a sequence of finitely many data points in terms of a sum of Cosine functions oscillating at different frequencies Output data may be transferred directly to GPU via DMA. Direct memory access ( DMA) is a feature of modern Computers and Microprocessors that allows certain hardware subsystems within the computer to access system It is possible to overwrite IDCT matrix and some additional parameters, however MDEC internal instruction set was never documented. A discrete cosine transform ( DCT) expresses a sequence of finitely many data points in terms of a sum of Cosine functions oscillating at different frequencies

Features:

• Compatible with MJPEG and H.261 files
• Operating Performance of 80 MIPS
• Directly connected to CPU Bus

Graphics processing unit

This chip is separate to the CPU and handles all the 2D graphics processing, which includes the transformed 3D polygons. In Multimedia, Motion JPEG ( M-JPEG) is an informal name for multimedia formats where each Video frame or Interlaced field of a Digital video H261 is a 1990 ITU-T video coding standard originally designed for transmission over ISDN lines on which data rates are multiples of 64 kbit/s Instructions per second (IPS is a measure of a Computer 's processor speed

Features:

• Maximum of 16. 7 million colors
• Resolutions from 256×224 to 640×480
• Adjustable frame buffer
• Unlimited color lookup tables
• Maximum of 24-bit color depth
• Maximum of 4000 8×8 pixel sprites with individual scaling and rotation
• Emulation of simultaneous backgrounds (for parallax scrolling)
• Flat or Gouraud shading, and texture mapping

Sound processing unit

Features:

• Can handle ADPCM sources with up to 24 channels and up to 44. A framebuffer is a video output device that drives a video display from a memory buffer containing a complete frame of data In Computer graphics, a sprite (also known by other names see Synonyms below is a two-dimensional/three-dimensional Image or Animation that Parallax scrolling is a special Scrolling technique in Computer graphics, seen first in the 1982 Arcade game Moon Patrol Shading refers to depicting depth in 3D models or illustrations by varying levels of Darkness. Gouraud shading, named after Henri Gouraud, is a method used in Computer graphics to simulate the differing effects of light and colour across the surface of Texture mapping is a method for adding detail surface texture or colour to a computer-generated graphic or 3D model. 1 kHz sampling rate

Memory

• Main RAM: 2 MB
• Video RAM: 1 MB
• Sound RAM: 512 KB
• CD-ROM Buffer: 32 KB
• Operating System ROM: 512 KB
• PlayStation Memory Cards have 128 KB of space in an EEPROM

CD-ROM drive

Features:

• 2x, with a maximum data throughput of 300 kB/s
• XA Mode 2 Compliant
• CD-DA (CD-Digital Audio)

References

See also

• PlayStation Demo Discs
• PlayStation Sound Format
• Runix

External links

• PlayStation Home
• Canadian PlayStation Website Home
• SCEA PlayStation Products Home
• PlayStation at the Open Directory Project

la Repubblica (meaning "the Republic" is as of 2006 the largest circulation Italian daily general-interest newspaper. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 202 BC - coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty 's rule Official US PlayStation Magazine (often abbreviated to OPM) is a now-defunct international Video game magazine, originally published by The Portable Sound Format ( PSF) is a sound data File format (akin to NSF from the Nintendo Entertainment System, and other console related sound PSXLinux (also known as Runix) is a Linux kernel and development kit for the PlayStation (MIPS-NOMMU The Open Directory Project ( ODP) also known as dmoz (from directory

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