In motorsports, a pit stop is where a racing vehicle stops in the pits during a race for refuelling, new tires, repairs, mechanical adjustments, a driver change, or any combination of the above. Ginn Racing was a NASCAR Nextel Cup Series team based in Mooresville North Carolina, which is near Charlotte. The 2007 Daytona 500 was the first The Indianapolis Motor Speedway, located in Speedway Indiana (an Enclave of Indianapolis) in the United States, is the home of the Auto racing (also known as automobile racing, motor racing or car racing) is a Motorsport involving Racing Cars It Vehicles, derived from the Latin word vehiculum, are non-living Means of transport. This article is about tires used on road Vehicles including pneumatic tires and solid tires.

The pits usually comprise of a pit lane which runs parallel to the start/finish straight and is connected at each end to the main track, and a row of garages (usually one per team) outside which the work is done. An automobile repair shop (also known as a garage) is a place where Automobiles are repaired by Auto mechanics Some Auto parts stores also maintain Pit stop work is carried out by anywhere from five to twenty mechanics (also called a pit crew), depending on the series, while the driver waits in the vehicle (except where a driver change is involved). A mechanic is a person who uses Tools to repair things (generally machinery or works to keep things operating properly Driving is the controlled operation of a land Vehicle, usually a Motor vehicle such as a Truck or a car. In American racing series, a pit lane consists of a number of pit stalls and a concrete pit wall which separates the pit lane from the infield, with the garages on a separate road in the infield; European racing series typically have the individual garage stalls open directly onto the pit lane through the team's assigned pit stall.

By making pit stops cars can carry less fuel, and therefore be lighter and faster, and use softer tires that wear faster but provide more grip. Teams usually plan for each of their cars to pit following a planned schedule, the number of stops determined by the fuel capacity of the car, tire lifespan, and tradeoff of time lost in the pits versus how much time may be gained on the race track through the benefits of pit stops. Choosing the optimum pit strategy of how many stops to make and when to make them is crucial in having a successful race. It is also important for teams to take competitors' strategies into account when planning pit stops, to avoid being "held up" behind other cars and unable to overtake them. An unscheduled or extended stop, such as for a repair, can be very costly for a driver's chance of success, because while the car is stopped for service, cars remaining on the track can rapidly gain distance on the stopped car.

Contents 1 Pit strategy 2 Services performed 3 Pit stops in Formula One 3.1 List of Formula One Pit Crew 4 Pit stops in NASCAR 4.1 List of NASCAR Pit Crew 4.1.1 2008 NASCAR Rule Changes 5 Pit stops in the Indy Racing League 6 Pit stops in endurance racing 7 Notable pit stops 8 See also 9 References 10 External links

Pit strategy

In any racing series that permits scheduled pit stops, pit strategy becomes one of the most important features of the race; this is because a race car travelling at 100 miles per hour (160 kilometers per hour) will travel approximately 150 feet (45 meters) per second. During a ten-second pit stop, all of a car's competitors will gain approximately one-quarter mile (one-half kilometer) over the stopped car.

However, the car that made the additional pit stop will run faster on the race track than cars that did not make the stop, both because it can carry a smaller amount, and thus lower weight, of fuel, and will also have less wear on its tires, providing more traction and allowing higher speeds in the corners. In racing series where teams have their choice of different compound tires, the lower tire wear may be enough to allow the team to choose to use a tire with a softer rubber compound that provides increased grip at the expense of faster wear; going longer between stops may even cause enough wear on the softer tire to cause the tires to fail.

Because of this, race teams plan a pit strategy prior to the start of every race. This is a schedule for each car's planned pit stops during the race, and takes into account factors such as rate of fuel consumption, weight of fuel, cornering speed with each available tire compound, rate of tire wear, the effect of tire wear on cornering speed, the length of pit road and the track's pit road speed limit, and even expected changes in weather and lighting conditions. For a discussion of the maximum speed possible in the universe see Speed of light and Special relativity. The pit strategy does not just include a schedule of when pit stops will happen; it also includes what service and adjustments are scheduled for each pit stop, particularly in endurance racing, where scheduled changes of wear-limited parts such as brake pads may be planned for specific points during the race. Endurance racing is a form of motorsport which is meant to test the durability of equipment and endurance of participants Brake pads are an important part of braking systems for all types of vehicles that are equipped with Disc brakes Brake pads are steel backing plates with friction The pit strategy is calculated carefully so that the amount of time to be "given away" to other competitors in pit stops is balanced out by the time gained while on the track, resulting, theoretically, in the shortest possible time to cover the scheduled distance.

However, a team's pit strategy is not a fixed, immutable thing; it is subject to change during the race to take into account the unpredictable events that happen in every race. In road racing, for example, if the weather changes from dry to rain, teams will be forced to recalculate their pit strategy based on the unscheduled stop to change from dry-weather "slick" tires to treaded wet-weather tires. Road racing can be a term involving Road running, road bicycle races, or Automobile races Rain tyres or Wet tyres are special tyres used in Motor sport in wet weather as opposed to a Slick tyre used in dry conditions Full-course caution periods often see mass pit stops by many teams, hoping to take advantage of the slowed pace to reduce the ground lost to other teams while making pit stops; this forces teams that do so to immediately recalculate their pit strategy to optimize it for the remaining race distance after the stop.

Even when a team chooses not to take advantage of the opportunity to stop during a full-course caution, it can still result in significant changes to pit strategy; under caution, the cars run at a reduced speed that results in greatly reduced tire wear and fuel burn for a distance traveled. Depending on the circumstances, this may be enough for a team to gain more by choosing not to pit, hoping that the reduced fuel burn and tire wear will allow them to make one pit stop fewer than the other teams, allowing them to gain distance and time on their opponents. At tracks noted for frequent full-course cautions, teams may even plan their entire race strategy around this, using a suspension and aerodynamic setup suited to short sprints instead of extended runs to gain positions in the short bursts of green-flag racing, and planning their pit strategy on the assumption that cautions will extend their fuel mileage and tire wear enough to make fewer stops than would otherwise be needed to complete the race distance.

Services performed

During a scheduled pit stop, the team's pit crew services the car as swiftly as possible, completing a number of different services. The most visible services performed are refuelling the car and changing tires.

Other services performed in routine pit stops include removing debris from radiator air intakes; cleaining the windshield; and making adjustments to tire pressure, suspension settings, and aerodynamic devices to optimize the car's performance for the current conditions. Radiators and convectors are types of Heat exchangers designed to transfer Thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling Suspension is the term given to the system of springs, Shock absorbers and linkages that connects a Vehicle to its Wheels Suspension In endurance racing, scheduled driver changes and brake pad replacements are also considered "routine" service when done as part of a scheduled pit stop.

An unscheduled pit stop may see other service performed; because unscheduled stops are usually due to damage or mechanical problems, they frequently see emergency repairs performed on the car. These tend to have extremely long duration, due to the need to diagnose the car's problems prior to the time-consuming repairs.

Pit stops in Formula One

In Formula One, cars make pit stops with the primary purpose of refueling and changing tyres, although during the 2005 season tyre changing during the race was prohibited. Michael Schumacher (German pronunciation;) (born January 3, 1969, in Hürth-Hermülheim, Germany) is a former Formula Ferrari SpA is an Italian Sports car manufacturer based in Maranello, Italy The 2000 Italian Grand Prix was a Formula One race held on September 10, 2000 at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza near Monza, Italy Teams sometimes also make adjustments to the front and rear wings and perform minor repairs, most commonly replacing the nose and front wing assembly. Pit strategies generally call for between one and three scheduled stops, depending on the course.

When the car is approximately one lap away from making its stop, the team's pit crew will set up fresh tyres and all needed pit equipment. Because of the overhead fuel and pneumatic rig, the team may have all pit mechanics in position prior to the car's arrival, with the exception of the rear jack man.

A pit stop involves about twenty mechanics, with the aim of completing the stop as quickly as possible. It lasts for six to twelve seconds depending on how much fuel is put into the car. However, if there is a problem, such as a fuel pump failing or the engine stalling, or repairs having to be made, it can take much longer. Cars are fuelled at a rate of more than 12 litres per second. This is accomplished by a fairly complex closed system that pumps air out of the car's fuel tank as the fuel is being pumped in.

As refuelling is a potentially hazardous situation, the mechanics are all wearing fire-resistant multi-layer suits & flame-resistant gloves, long underwear, balaclava, socks and shoes, which have to meet the guidelines set by FIA Standard 8856-2000. Nomex (styled NOMEX) is a registered Trademark for flame resistant meta- Aramid material developed in the early 1960s by DuPont and first marketed [1]

Interestingly, unlike almost all other forms of racing that feature routine pit stops, Formula One rules limit teams to a single pit crew for the mandatory two cars entered. Therefore, teams must stagger their pit schedules so that only one of their two cars is in the pits at any given time. Most other racing series that feature routine pit stops permit each car its own pit stall and crew.

List of Formula One Pit Crew

• The "Lollipop Man" holds the team's pit sign, helping the driver identify his pit stall on a possibly crowded pit road. During the stop, he holds the sign in position to remind the driver to keep his brakes on while tyres are being changed, and then to remember to put the car in first gear once the jacks are lowered. He also gives the driver the sign to depart his pit stall by raising the sign from in front of the driver.
• The four tyre changers, one at each corner of the car, have the sole responsibility of using a pneumatic wrench to remove the car's single locking lug nut from each tyre, then reinstall it on the new tyre. A lug nut is a Fastener, specifically a nut, used to secure a Wheel on a Vehicle.
• Eight tyre carriers are used, two at each corner of the car, one assigned the task of removing the old tyre from the car, and one to install the new tyre on it. The front new tyre carriers also have the responsibility of adjusting the car's front wing during the stop.
• The fuel man has the responsibility of attaching and removing the refueling hose to the car's fuel receptacle, and must hold it in place during the entire fueling operation.
• The front and rear jack men use simple lever-type jacks to lift the car and permit the changing of tyres. The job of front jack man is considered the most hazardous, as it requires standing directly in front of the car as it enters its pit stall. By contrast, due to the location of his duties directly behind the car, the rear jack man is the only team member not in his working position before the car enters its pit stall.
• The fire extinguisher man does not actually work on the car; instead, he stands ready with a hand-held fire extinguisher to try and stop any accidental fires that may occur during a stop, at least long enough for the pit crew and driver to evacuate. A fire extinguisher is an Active fire protection device used to extinguish or control small fires often in emergency situations This job became standard following Jos Verstappen's 1994 pit fire (see below). Early career Verstappen began karting at the age of 8 and was participating in national competitions not long after [2]
• The starter man does not normally work on the car. His job is to stand ready with a starter tool to restart the car should the driver stall his engine during the stop. A stall is the slowing or stopping of a process and in the case of an Engine, refers to a sudden stopping of the engine turning usually brought about accidentally

Pit stops in NASCAR

Pit crew members were once the mechanics on the racecar, but most teams feature individuals dedicated to pit stops only, and often former collegiate or professional athletes are used for pit stops. Former NFL player Tim Goad is regarded as the first former professional athlete involved in a pit crew, as a jackman. The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. Tim Goad (born February 28, 1966 in Claudville Virginia) is a former American football Defensive tackle who played for three Nonetheless, pit crew members work with the team in fabricating or designing the race cars during the week while training for their "pit job" on the weekends.

The crew chief is the head person on a pit crew and assigns a Pit Crew Coach to help coordinate the pit stops and train the pit crew members how to stay in good physical shape. NASCAR regulations dictate that only seven individuals can go "over the wall" to service a racecar during a pit stop. The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing ( NASCAR) is the largest sanctioning body of Stock cars in the United States. The National Association of Stock Car Automobile Racing ( NASCAR) makes and enforces numerous rules and regulations that transcend all racing series The tool limits on the crew are two impact wrenches, one jack, and two cans of gasoline. An impact wrench (also known as an air wrench, air gun, rattle gun, torque gun) is a Socket wrench Power tool designed For other uses see Jack or Carjacking. A jack is mechanical device used to lift heavy loads or apply great forces Other tools may be used if needed, but major work must be performed in the garage area.

Teams will be penalized if the car is serviced outside of the designated pit stall, if the car drives over an air hose, or if any of the old tires are not on the pit wall side (usually left) of the vehicle's centerline before the car leaves. Pneumatics, Pressurized gas to affect mechanical motion Pneumatic power is used in Industry, where it is common to have factory units plumbed for Compressed A pit stop for four tires and fuel in the Sprint Cup Series can last 12-16 seconds depending upon any suspension adjustments done and the quality of the crew.

NASCAR Sprint Cup Series team pit strategies vary widely, depending on the track. The road courses on the schedule may see as few as two scheduled stops; oval race tracks generally see between four and six scheduled stops. An oval track is a dedicated motorsport circuit primarily in the USA, which differs from a road course in that it only has turns in one direction which is almost Theoretically, the races at short tracks such as Bristol Motor Speedway and Martinsville Speedway are short enough to be completed with only two scheduled pit stops, given the typical amount of time spent running under caution at those tracks, but teams plan on more stops due to rapid tire wear and significant loss of cornering speed on worn tires. Martinsville Speedway is an International Speedway Corporation -owned NASCAR stock car racing track located in Ridgeway Virginia.

List of NASCAR Pit Crew

• The jackman raises each side of the car so that the tires can be replaced. The jackman will, also, usually pull the old right rear tire from the car after the rear tire changer loosens the lug nuts. This is to help get the new right rear tire on faster. The jackman is the one who signals for the driver to leave the pits by lowering the car. Many jackmen take on the responsibility of watching the tire changers and making sure they hit all five lug nuts on the tire changes.
• The front tire changer changes only the front tires. He removes lug nuts, removes the old tire, and tightens the new tire's lug nuts.
• The rear tire changer changes only the rear tires. He removes lug nuts, removes the old tire, and tightens the new tire's lug nuts.
• The gas man fills the car with gasoline with a special gas can. The gas man may, also, help pull old tires from race car after lug nuts are loosened if the car does not need fuel or if the car needs little fuel and the gas man finishes his job before any one else.
• The catch can man catches any fuel overflow in a small gas can and usually holds one gas can while the gas man fills car with the second gas can in the latter portions of a pit stop. The catch can man may also add or take out wedge and/or adjust the rear track bar during a pit stop. A Panhard rod (also called Panhard bar or track bar) is a component of a car suspension system that provides lateral location of the The refueling gear is designed not to permit fuelling of the car without the catch can being attached to the car's overflow vent.
• The front tire carrier brings the new front tires over the pit wall and guides them onto the studs. He also rolls the old front tires to the pit wall after the front tire changer pulls them from the car. The front tire carrier is usually responsible for clearing debris from the grill of a racecar and/or pulling the front fenders away from the tire if necessary. He may also be responsible for adding or removing tape to/from the grille during a pit stop adjust front-end downforce and engine temperatures. A grille (French word from Latin craticula, small grill is an opening of several slits side by side in a wall or metal The term downforce describes the downward pressure created by the aerodynamic characteristics of a Car that allows it to travel faster through a corner by holding
• The rear tire carrier is responsible for bringing new rear tires over the pit wall. Typically, on the side of the car furthest from the pit wall, he will be responsible for guiding the new tire onto the studs, making any necessary adjustments to the rear track bar and/or wedge (unless done by the catch can man), and rolling the old tire back to the pit wall. On the side of the car closest to the pit wall, he is usually responsible for only sliding the new tire onto the studs.

During the second half of the race, an eighth man is permitted over the wall. This person may only clean the windshield, and in some situations, is permitted to attach extra dark shields to reduce glare as the sun begins to set (in the event that this happens during a race), and supply the driver with fresh drinking water. The eighth man may not make any changes to the car beyond these issues. Races at Atlanta Motor Speedway, Homestead Miami Speedway, North Carolina Speedway (now an ARCA circuit where driver development is frequently conducted, and testing), and Phoenix International Raceway, were known as events where the setting sun would lead to glare issues on the cars. Atlanta Motor Speedway (formerly Atlanta International Raceway) is an Intermediate track in Hampton Georgia, twenty miles (32 km south of Homestead-Miami Speedway is a race track in Homestead Florida southwest of Miami. This article is about the Rockingham North Carolina Track for the track located in Northamptonshire, United Kingdom see Rockingham Motor Phoenix International Raceway, or just PIR, is a one mile Tri-oval race track located in Avondale Arizona.

2008 NASCAR Rule Changes

• Both tire carriers must be in contact with the outside tire until that tire has reached the inside half of the pit box before it leaves its assigned box or is handed over the pit wall under a new NASCAR rule for 2008.
• Cars may not be pushed past
  • The paddle man at the end of pit road.
  • Three pit stalls past their own.

Pit stops in the Indy Racing League

In the Indy Racing League IndyCar Series, a pit stop is a more complex operation than in NASCAR, but far less so than in Formula One. The Indy Racing League, better known as IRL, is the sanctioning body of a predominantly American based Open-wheel racing series. The IndyCar Series is the premier series of the Indy Racing League. Rules permit six mechanics over the pit wall during a stop. The pit rules and procedures have origins in USAC National Championship racing. The United States Automobile Club (USAC is an Open-wheel Auto racing sanctioning body

During a routine pit stop in either series, the tires are laid out and three of the four tire changers are pre-positioned before the car enters its pit stall; the fourth tire changer, whose responsibility is the rear tire on the far side of pit road from the pit wall, doesn't take his position until after the car arrives, due to a rule against having the car run over the feed hose for the impact wrench used to change the tires.

Once the car arrives, the first step, taken while the fourth tire changer takes his position, is for a mechanic to insert the "vent hose" into its socket on the engine cowling. This hose vents the air out of the fuel tank, captures any overflow fuel, and also activates the car's built-in pneumatic jacks. Pneumatics, Pressurized gas to affect mechanical motion Pneumatic power is used in Industry, where it is common to have factory units plumbed for Compressed Once the vent hose is in place, another mechanic attaches the refuelling hose to its socket, allowing the ethanol fuel to flow into the fuel tank. Simultaneously, the four tire changers remove the tires and install the new ones. Once the tire changes are complete, the front tire changers may use manual adjusters to adjust the angle of the car's front wing.

Once the tire changes are complete, the vent hose is removed, allowing the car to return to its wheels. However, the driver usually must wait until the fueling is finished and the fuel hose is removed from the car. The right front tire changer (who is usually also the crew chief) signals the driver when the stop is complete. Before the car departs its pit stall, a crew member must use a squirt of water to wash any excess fuel from the fuel hose and vent hose sockets; this is usually done with a pressurized hose by a crew member behind the pit wall.

Under normal conditions, a routine stop for an IndyCar team lasts between ten and fourteen seconds. IndyCar teams are permitted to set their own pit strategies.

Pit stops in endurance racing

In the various forms of sports car endurance racing, pit stops are a more leisurely affair, but no less important than in other forms of racing. A sports car is a term used to describe a class of Automobile. While stops take longer, much more routine maintenance is scheduled during such pit stops, needed to keep the car running for as long as twenty-four hours; this includes major aerodynamic changes to deal with the changing temperature in such a long race, and replacement of certain wear-limited parts, such as brake pads. Due to the fact that the race is scheduled to last a certain length of time rather than a specific distance, pit strategies are generally not designed to be synchronized with the race distance, but rather to happen on a schedule based on the car's requirements for routine service.

Under the rules of the 24 Hours of Le Mans, also used by the American Le Mans Series, only five mechanics are permitted to work on the car. The 24 Hours of Le Mans ( 24 Heures du Mans) is a sports car endurance race held annually since near the town of Le Mans, Sarthe, The American Le Mans Series ( ALMS) is a Sports car racing series based in the United States and Canada. One man is permitted to fuel the car; all fuelling must be completed before any other service occurs. The other four mechanics on pit lane at any given time are typically two tire changers and two tire carriers, each of whom handles his task on only one side of the car. Automatic pneumatic jacks are used, integrated into the car itself.

In endurance racing, driver changes are mandatory; the shortest endurance races are scheduled for four hours, one hour longer than the longest nonstop time permitted behind the wheel. During a pit stop with a driver change, the new driver and a driver change assistant are permitted into the pit lane. The assistant, who may not do any mechanical work on the car, is tasked with helping the current driver out of the car, removing or swapping driver seat inserts, helping the new driver into the car, and helping the new driver tightly fasten his safety harness and connect his various helmet connections to the car's systems, including the two-way team radio and the drink bottle used to stave off dehydration. A seat belt, sometimes called a safety belt, is a Safety harness designed to secure the occupant of a Vehicle against harmful movement that may result from Dehydration ( hypohydration) is the removal of Water ( hydro in ancient Greek) from an object

A routine pit stop with no scheduled maintenance and no driver change generally lasts from thirty to forty seconds. With a driver change included, that time increases by about ten seconds. Should there be significant scheduled maintenance, such as changing brake pads, the stop can easily last well more than a minute.

Unlike most other forms of racing, the rules of endurance racing require that the car's engine be shut off during the stop. An engine is a mechanical device that produces some form of output from a given input Another difference from most forms of racing is found in the practice of "double-stinting" or even "triple-stinting" tires; tires hard enough to withstand the rigors of racing in the heat of the daytime may be so hard that they do not wear significantly during the nighttime hours. In a race where this is an issue, significant time can be gained by choosing to leave worn tires on the car during the first stop after they were put on the car; if the temperature drops low enough, teams may even be able to go two pit stops without changing tires.

Notable pit stops

• 1963 Daytona 500: Wood Brothers Racing develops choreographed pit stops to reduce the amount of time spent on pit road. Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Daytona 500 is a 200-lap long NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held annually at the Daytona International Speedway in Daytona Beach Florida. Wood Brothers Racing is a United States auto racing team that competes in the NASCAR Sprint Cup, Nationwide, and Craftsman Truck Series. Driver, Tiny Lund, spends so little time on pit road that he would go on to win the race with out changing his tires once. DeWayne Louis "Tiny" Lund ( November 14, 1929 in Harlan Iowa &ndash August 17, 1975 at Talladega Superspeedway For this, Wood Brothers Racing is often credited with inventing the modern pit stop.
• 1965 Indianapolis 500: Wood Brothers Racing fielded a Ford powered Lotus driven by Scottish Formula One driver Jim Clark. Results of the 1965 Indianapolis 500 held at Indianapolis on Monday May 31, 1965. Wood Brothers Racing is a United States auto racing team that competes in the NASCAR Sprint Cup, Nationwide, and Craftsman Truck Series. Ford Motor Company is an American Multinational corporation and the world's fourth largest automaker based on Worldwide vehicle sales, following Lotus Cars is a British manufacturer of sports and racing cars based at Hethel, Norfolk, England. Jim (or Jimmy) Clark OBE ( 4 March, 1936 &ndash 7 April, 1968) was a Scottish Formula One This brought their new concept of fast pit stops into open-wheel racing. Clark won the race with an average speed of 150. 686 (a new Indianapolis 500 record). The Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, often shortened to Indianapolis 500 or Indy 500, and historically known simply as "The 500" is an American This was Ford's first win at Indy.
• 1976 Indianapolis 500: A world record was set for time taken in a pit-stop when Bobby Unser pitted in for four seconds^[1]
• 1993 Australian Grand Prix: McLaren's Ayrton Senna came into the pit unexpectedly for new tires; the team serviced the car in under four seconds. Results of the 1976 Indianapolis 500 held at Indianapolis on Sunday May 30, 1976. Robert William "Bobby" Unser (born February 20, 1934 in Colorado Springs Colorado) is a retired U The 1993 Australian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Adelaide on November 7, 1993. McLaren, founded in 1963 by New Zealander Bruce McLaren (1937&ndash1970 is a Formula One team based in Woking, Surrey, UK Ayrton Senna da Silva ( pronounced, March 21, 1960 &ndash May 1, 1994) was a Brazilian racing driver and triple
• 1994 German Grand Prix: Benetton driver, Jos Verstappen, came into the pits; while refuelling, some fuel was accidentally sprayed onto the hot bodywork of the car, a few seconds later the fuel ignited and Verstappen's car was engulfed in a ball of flames. The 1994 German Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on July 31, 1994 at the Hockenheimring, Hockenheim. Benetton Formula Ltd, commonly referred to simply as Benetton, was a Formula One constructor that participated from 1986 to 2001. Verstappen escaped the incident with burns around his eyes, as he had his visor up during the pit stop. [3]

• 1996 24 Hours of Daytona: "Mad Max" Papis was charging around the track on the final stint of the race, trying to catch the leader. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) The Rolex 24 at Daytona (frequently referred to by its historical title the 24 Hours of Daytona) is a 24-hour sports car Endurance race held annually at Massimiliano "Max" Papis (born October 3, 1969) is a racing driver from Como Italy who has competed in several top-level motorsports series such On his final pit stop, Papis entered the pit area at full speed (~200 mph). Despite still finishing second, the startling sight held earn him the name "Mad Max. "

• 1998 British Grand Prix: Ferrari driver, Michael Schumacher, Two laps from the finish, Schumacher was issued with a stop-and-go penalty, meaning he had to drive through the pit lane obeying the speed limit, stop at his pit box and remain stationary for ten seconds before leaving the pits and continuing with the race. The 1998 British Grand Prix was a Formula One race held on 12 July 1998 Scuderia Ferrari is the name for the Gestione Sportiva the division of the Ferrari automobile company concerned with racing On the final lap of the race, Schumacher came in to serve the penalty and in doing so crossed the finish line (which extends across the pit lane) before reaching his pit box and before Mika Häkkinen crossed the finish line on the race track.

• 2000 Spanish Grand Prix: Ferrari's Michael Schumacher was given the signal to go by the lollipop when the refuelling hose was still attached to his car, knocking Nigel Stepney down and damaging the latter's ankle ligaments. The 2000 Spanish Grand Prix was a Formula One race held on May 7, 2000 at the Circuit de Catalunya. Scuderia Ferrari is the name for the Gestione Sportiva the division of the Ferrari automobile company concerned with racing Michael Schumacher (German pronunciation;) (born January 3, 1969, in Hürth-Hermülheim, Germany) is a former Formula Nigel Stepney is an English born former Formula One mechanic Stepney started in Formula One as a mechanic at Shadow in 1977 then followed Elio
• 2002 The Winston: Roush Racing's Jeff Burton made a pit stop on the final lap of the first segment. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. The NASCAR Sprint All-Star Race, formerly known as The Winston until 2004 then the NEXTEL All-Star Challenge from 2004 until 2007 is a race open to race winners Roush Fenway Racing (formerly Roush Racing) is a racing team competing in NASCAR racing Jeffrey Brian Burton (born June 29, 1967 in South Boston Virginia) also sometimes referred to as "JB" is a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series A pit stop for for tires was mandatory during the segment, but the rule did not stipulate when it had to be taken. By selecting a pit stall only 100 yards shy of the start/finish line, Burton did not have to spend the time all the other drivers took traveling the entire length of pit road. Burton was only able to finish second in the segment due to problems with his clutch exiting his pit stall. A clutch is a mechanism for transmitting rotation which can be engaged and disengaged ^[2] This practice was banned by the next season.
• 2003 Austrian Grand Prix: While Ferrari's Michael Schumacher was in the pits, some fuel was accidentally sprayed onto the hot bodywork of the car and ignited. The 2003 Austrian Grand Prix was a Formula One race held on May 18, 2003 at the A1-Ring. The fire was minor and easily extinguished, so his stop ended up being around 20 seconds, whereas 8 seconds is usually the norm. Schumacher, however, did win the race.
• 2007 French Grand Prix: Spyker's Christijan Albers ignored the lollipop which signalled to him not to leave, driving off with part of the fuel rig still attached. The 2007 French Grand Prix was the eighth race of the 2007 Formula One season. Spyker was a Dutch car manufacturer started in 1880 by coachbuilders Jacobus and Hendrik-Jan Spijker but to be able to market the brand better in foreign countries in Christijan Albers ( (born April 16, 1979 in Eindhoven) is a Dutch racing driver Albers expressed relief that nobody was hurt,^[3] but he received a €5,000 penalty for dangerous driving. Spyker technical director Mike Gascoyne commented that he was mystified by the mistake,^[4] and Niki Lauda described the incident as the most stupid thing he had ever seen in F1. Michael "Mike" Gascoyne (born April 2, 1963 in Norwich, England) is a designer of Formula One cars Andreas Nikolaus "Niki" Lauda (born February 22, 1949 in Vienna) is an Austrian Aviator, Entrepreneur ^[5]

See also

• Water stop

References

External links

• A CG animation of a Pit Stop with 15 mechanics
• A NASCAR Pitstop Video at NHIS - (23MB)
• A NASCAR Pitstop Video at NHIS - smaller version (1MB)
• A Nextel Cup Pit Stop

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