Pir Sultan Abdal (ca. 1480 - 1550), a legendary Alevi (Sufi) poet, whose direct and clear language as well as the richness of his imagination and the beauty of his verses led him to become a loved among the Turks. The Turkic peoples are Eurasian peoples residing in northern central and western Eurasia who speak languages belonging to the Turkic language family Pir Sultan Abdal reflected the social, cultural and religious life of the people; he was a humanist, and wrote about love, peace, death and God. He was also rebellious against authoritarian rule which led him into problems with the Ottoman establishment. The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish
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Origins
Pir Sultan Abdal's ethnic origin is Turcoman. See also Shi'a Islam Twelver Shi'ism ( ar اثنا عشرية Ithnāˤashariyyah) is the largest branch of Shi'a branch of Islam Alevis (Aleviler Elewî are a religious sub-ethnic and cultural community in Turkey, numbering in the millions In Alevism, Ali-Muhammad refers to the individuals Ali and Muhammad who exist as a single entity or light of Aql. Yunus Emre (1238?–1320? was a Turkish poet and Sufi mystic. Hajji Bektash Wali ( Ḥājī Baktāš Wālī; Turkish: Hacı Bektaş Veli) was a Persian ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (a=علي بن أﺑﻲ طالب|t=ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib 13th Rajab, 24 BH – 21st Ramaḍān, 40 AH See also Hasan ibn Ali Hassan ibn Ali is Shi’ahs’ second Imam, and is also known as Al-Mujtaba and Sibtil Akbar (the elder and Ḥusayn ibn ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib ( ar حسين بن علي بن أﺑﻲ طالب) (third of Shaban 4 AH / 8th January 626 AD at Medina ‘Alī ibn Ḥusayn (Arabic علي بن حسين) (approximately 6 January 659 - 20 October 712 is a great-grandson of Muhammad as well as the fourth Muḥammad ibn ‘Alī al-Baqir (محمد ابن علي الباقر) (676-743 AD or 1 Rajab 57 AH – 7 Dhu al-Hijjah 114 AH was the Fifth Imām Jaʿfar al-Sadiq (702-765 in accurate transliteration Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq Arabic: جعفر الصادق in full Jaʿfar ibn Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Husayn Mūsá ibn Ja‘far ibn Muḥammad al-Kāżim (الإمام موسى الكاظم ( October 28, 746 AD - September 1, 799 / Ali ibn Musa al-Rida ( علي بن موسى الرضا) (Commonly known as Ali ar-Ridha Ali Reza (Eleventh of Dhu al-Qi'dah, 148 AH – Seventeenth of Muhammad al-Taqi or Muhammad al-Jawad ( Arabic: الإمام محمد الجواد) ( Rajab 10 195 AH - Dhu al-Qi'dah 29 Imam Ali al-Hadi (الإمام علي الهادي also known as Imam Ali al-Naqi ( September 8, 828 &ndash July 1, 868) was Hasan al- Askari (الإمام الحسن بن علي العسكري (Eighth of Rabi' al-thani 232 AH – Eighth of Rabi' al-awwal 260 AH According to Twelver Shi'as Imam Hujjat al-Mahdī ( ar المهدى) (or Hujjat ibn Hasan ibn Ali is the twelfth Imam and the Haqq-Ali-Muhammad refers to a Trinity in Alevism that involves truth ( haqq) Ali ibn Abu Talib ( Ali) and Muhammad. Four Doors refers to a concept in Alevism, and to a lesser extent in other branches of Islam such as Ismailism, that there are four paths to Allah Insan-i Kamil, loosely translated as the "Perfect Man" or "Perfect Human Being" is derived from the Arabic Al-Insān al-Kāmil (الاسان الكام The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran The Buyruks are a collection of spiritual books providing the basis of the Alevi value system Major ideas in Sufi metaphysics have surrounded the concept of Wahdat or "Unity" According to some Muslim groups the Zahir is the external or apparent meaning of the Quran. Batin is defined as the interior or hidden meaning of the Quran. Fasting is primarily the act of willingly abstaining from some or all Food, Drink, or both for a period of time Music is an Art form in which the medium is Sound organized in Time. This is a sub-article of Islamic economical jurisprudence. Zakaat ( زكاة zækæːh zakaat or zakāh, has the implied Ziyarat is a pilgrimage to sites associated with the Islamic prophet Muhammad, his companions, or other venerated figures in Islamic history Persecution of Shia MuslimsWithin Shi'ite Islamic tradition the concept of Taqiyya (تقية - 'fear guard against' refers to a dispensation allowing believers to conceal The resolution of Alevi community disputes or problems in a Dushkunluk Meydani (Düşkünlük Meydanı or 'People's Court' presided over by the Alevi Dede. A dede is a socio-religious leader in the Alevi community The institution of dede is the most important of all the institutions integral to the social and religious organization In Alevism, a Murshid is a rank of Dede. In Alevism, a Pir is a rank of Dede. See also Pir In Alevism, a Rehber is a rank of Dede. A Rehber assists the Mursid (Dede provides information to the newcomers and prepares them for commitment to the Alevisim In terms of their internal organization every Alevi community follows a particular darga, sometimes an ojak The central Alevi worship service is called a Jem (Turkish Cem or ayini Jem, meaning congregational or assembly meeting A Cemevi (pronounced and sometimes written as Djemevi) means literally a house of gathering in Turkish, (Cem=public-gathering/ev=house and is a place of An Alevi religious leader related to a Dede. Nowrūz ( /noruz/ ↔, (English New Day various local pronunciations and spellings) is the traditional Iranian New year Holiday celebrated The Day of Ashura ( ar عاشوراء, Ashura Ashoura and other spellings is on the 10th day of Muharram in the Islamic calendar and marks the climax Bektashism (Bektaşilik is an Islamic Sufi order ( Tariqat) considered to be a distinct branch of Shi'a Islam Qizilbash or Kizilbash ( Nastaliq: قزلباش - Qizilbāš; Ottoman Turkish for "Red Heads" is a name given to a wide The Sivas massacre ( Turkish: Sivas Madımak Olayı or Sivas Katliamı) refers to the events of July 2 1993 which resulted in the deaths of 37 Some researchers believe "Pir Sultan" wasn't just the one in Sivas, who has rebelled against the state and hanged for his religious convictions by Hizir Pasa's orders. The province of Sivas is located at the eastern part of the Central Anatolian region of Turkey; it is the second largest province in Turkey Most of the information about him and his era we find in his verses, which reveal him as cultivated well educated and intellectual.
Life
Pir Sultan Abdal, belonged to the Alevi sect of Islam, his early work is dedicated to lyrical and pastoral themes and to the Sufi approach he had adopted. Alevis (Aleviler Elewî are a religious sub-ethnic and cultural community in Turkey, numbering in the millions He criticized some Ottoman governors, Hizir Pasha in particular who ruled the region and his unjust officers. His verses and calls for the rights and freedoms of the peasant folk soon attracted a lot of support among the masses who supported these ideals. As a result he was hung by Hizir Pasha. But the tradition of his poetry and his struggle have remained alive till this day. His poetry was sung accompanied by the baglama, or saz, throughout the ages by folk singers. The bağlama is a stringed Musical instrument shared by various Cultures in the Eastern Mediterranean, Near East, and Central Today in modern Turkey the Baglama is one of the most loved instruments of the people and is extremely popular and widely used. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Many poets acquired his name to keep 'Pir Sultan's voice' alive. According to literary historians, there were at least six other poets bearing the same name.
Poetry
Dostun bahçesine bir hoyrat girmiş
Korudur hey benli dilber korudur
Gülünü dererken dalını kırmış
Kurudur hey benli dilber kurudur
Şu meydanda serilidir postumuz
Çok şükür Mevlâ'ya gördük dostumuz
Bir gün kara toprak bürür üstümüz
Çürütür hey benli dilber çürütür
Kendisi okur da kendisi yazar
Hak hilâl kaşına eylemiş nazar
Senin akranların cennette gezer
Hürüdür hey benli dilber hürüdür
Hangi dinde isen ona tapayım
Yarın mahşer günü bile kopayım
Eğil bir yol ak gerdandan öpeyim
Beri dur hey benli dilber beri dur
Pîr Sultan Abdal'ım başından başlar
İyisini yer de kemini taşlar
Bin çiçekten bir kovana bal işler
Arıdır hey benli dilber arıdır
Koyun beni hak aşkına yanayım
Dönen dönsün ben dönmezem yolumdan
Yolumdan dönüp mahrum mu kalayım
Dönen dönsün ben dönmezem yolumdan
Benim pirim gayet ulu kişidir
Yediler ulusu, kırklar eşidir
Oniki imamın server başıdır
Dönen dönsün ben dönmezem yolumdan
Kadılar, Müftüler fetva yazarsa
İşte kemend, işte boynum asarsa
İşte hançer, işte kellem keserse
Dönen dönsün ben dönmezem yolumdan
Ulu mahşer günü olur divan kurulur
Suçlu, suçsuz gelir anda derilir
Piri olmayanlar anda bilinir
Dönen dönsün ben dönmezem yolumdan
Pir Sultan’ım arşa çıkar ünümüz
O da bizim ulumuzdur pirimiz
Hakka teslim olsun garip canımız
Dönen dönsün ben dönmezem yolumdan
Translation
To the garden of my love there came an evil louder
The shrubs now lie there, my fair one, shrubs lie
While gathering the roses, he broke their stems to moulder
They are all dry, my fair one, they are all dry.
We've spread our prayer hide all over this place
We saw our dearest one to Holy God in grace
One day, all of us will come into the earth's embrace
We'll putrefy, my fair one, we'll putrefy.
God Himself reads the fate, Himself he scribes
He closed the crescent lashes of her beautiful eyes
Your peers are walking now with you in Paradise
houris they are, my fair one, houris, fair my.
Whatever your creed be, I will adore it and pray
To be awaken together with you on Judgement Day
Rise up once more to kiss your white throat that I may
Don't pass for one more trice, my fair, don't pass by.
I am Pir Sultan Abdal, the first of the firsts,
I feed my soul with the best and remedy the worst
I'll pool honey from thousand blooms to one comb till it bursts
I am the bee, my fair one, the bee am I.
Source: http://www.turkishclass.com/poem_204
Legacy
Pir Sultan followed the traditional style of folk literature. The outstanding characteristic of his poems, the use of vernacular language, keen and clear style still prevail in folkloric poetry. He also had a great influence on the poets of modern Turkey in the republican era and is today a beloved figure.
See also
For the Albanian use of the term to describe a pederastic lover see Albanian pederasty An Ashik ( aşık, aşıq, عاشیقDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic