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Piotr Włostowic (c. 1080–1153), also known as Peter Wlast, Włost or Piotr Włast Dunin), from a Dunin family, was a Silesian noble, castellan of Wrocław (Breslau), and a ruler (możnowładca) of part of Silesia. Polish surname Dunin originated with the 12th century with Piotr Wlast Dunin. Polish surname Dunin originated with the 12th century with Piotr Wlast Dunin. Wrocław (Breslau Vratislav Vratislavia or Wratislavia Yiddish: ברעסלוי) is the chief City of the historical region of Lower Silesia Etymology One theory claims that the name Silesia is derived from the Silingi, who were most likely a Vandalic (East Germanic people From 1117 he was voivode (palatyn) of the king of Poland, Bolesław III Wrymouth. A voivode or waywode is a Slavic title that originally denoted the principal commander of a military force Poland, or at least its nucleus was ruled at various times either by książęta (Dukes(ca Bolesław III Wrymouth ( Bolesław III Krzywousty) 1085 – 1138) was Duke of Poland from Part of the Łabędzie family, and son of Włostowic, he is likely to have been related to older princes of Silesia. Łabędź ( Polish for " Swan " is a Polish coat of arms. His lands included the territories near Mount Ślęża and Piasek Island near Wrocław. Ślęża ( German: Zobten or Zobtenberg, also Silingi) is a mountain in the Sudetes foothills ( Pogórze Sudeckie) Wrocław (Breslau Vratislav Vratislavia or Wratislavia Yiddish: ברעסלוי) is the chief City of the historical region of Lower Silesia

His most famous deed is the capture of Volodar (Wołodar) of Peremyshl (Przemyśl). Volodar Rostislavich (Володарь Ростиславич (d Przemyśl (Перемишль Peremyshl, Prömsel פּשעמישל- Pshemishl) is a city in south-eastern Poland with 67847 inhabitants (2005 Later he married Maria, a daughter of Sviatopolk II of Kiev. Sviatopolk II Iziaslavich ( Cyrillic: Святополк II Ізяславич 1050&ndash April 16, 1113) was supreme ruler of the Kievan Rus For this marriage and his adventure in Rus', he was ordered by the Church to reconcile. Kievan Rus′ (Ки́евская Русь romanised: Kievskaya Rus', rusʲ also written as Kyivan Rus′ (Ки́ївська Русь or Kievan He was ordered to construct seventy churches.

Włostowic, a loyal subject of Bolesław III, had much more negative relations with Bolesław's son, Władysław II the Exile, and especially his wife, Agnes of Babenberg, who considered Włostowic a traitor. This article refers to the 12th century Polish monarch For the 14th century founder of the Jagiellon dynasty see Jogaila, and for other monarchs with similar names Agnes of Babenberg (1111 &ndash January 25, 1157) was the daughter of Leopold III, Margrave of Austria from 1095 to 1136 and his wife In 1146, Włostowic was captured by Władysław, blinded and muted. This mutilation of the popular Włostowic was one of the reasons for a civil war between Władysław and his brothers, as the blinded Włostowic went to Rus', which had so far supported Władysław, and convinced them to break their alliance. Eventually Władysław lost the war and went into exile in 1146. Włostowic regained his position and estates, but his disability and worsening health prevented him from taking further active part in politics, and he died in 1153.

Contents

Biography

Youth

Relatively little is known about Włostowic's youth, other than he was a scion of a relatively wealthy and powerful Silesian family, and became a trusted retainer of the king of Poland, Bolesław III Wrymouth. Bolesław III Wrymouth ( Bolesław III Krzywousty) 1085 – 1138) was Duke of Poland from

The capture of prince Wołodar

When Bolesław was engaged in hostilities with Wołodar, prince of Przemyśl, Włostowic used subterfuge to gain Wołodar's trust, staging a pretended revolt against Bolesław, and joining Wołodar's court. Przemyśl (Перемишль Peremyshl, Prömsel פּשעמישל- Pshemishl) is a city in south-eastern Poland with 67847 inhabitants (2005 Some time later, when he found himself alone with Wołodar during a hunt, he captured him and led Wołodar before Bolesław, who released him only after a large ransom and a promise to ally himself with Bolesław.

Marriage

When Zbyslava of Kiev, daughter of Sviatopolk II of Kiev and wife of Bolesław died, Włostowic was sent by Bolesław to Sviatopolk to negotiate a marriage to another daughter. Sviatopolk II Iziaslavich ( Cyrillic: Святополк II Ізяславич 1050&ndash April 16, 1113) was supreme ruler of the Kievan Rus However before the negotiations were completed, Bolesław married Salome von Berg-Schelklingen, and Włostowic himself married another daughter of Sviatopolk, Maria. Salomea of Berg (Salomea z Bergu Salomea Bergska Salome von Berg-Schelklingen (b

Reconciliation

While Włostowic's tricking of Wołodar and marriage to Maria gained him much fame, they were also disapproved of by the Roman Catholic Church, which did not look favourably upon alliances or marriages with people of Eastern Orthodox faith. The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world Włostowic was ordered to construct 70 churches as reconciliation. He did so, and that led to nicknaming a type of romanesque churches in Poland as 'Dunin's churches' (from Peter's nickname, Dunin). Regional characteristics of Romanesque architecture|Romanesque art Romanesque architecture is the term that is used to describe the architecture of Middle Ages Europe which Polish surname Dunin originated with the 12th century with Piotr Wlast Dunin.

Voivode

His marriage to Maria, the daughter of a powerful ruler, further elevated Włostowic, and he received the rank of voivode (Palatine or comes palatinus) from Bolesław. A voivode or waywode is a Slavic title that originally denoted the principal commander of a military force At that time voivode was one of the most important positions in the Kingdom of Poland: he commanded the military when the king was absent, presided in courts during the king's absence, was responsible for order and security of the court, and in cases where the king was not an adult, the voivode even became the regent. In the first centuries of its existence the Polish nation was led by a series of strong rulers who converted the Poles to Christendom, created a strong Central European A regent, from the Latin regens "who reigns" is a person selected to act as Head of state (ruling or not because the ruler is a minor

Death of Bolesław

Several years later, Salome, wife of Bolesław, forced him to resign as voivode, replacing him with Wszebor — a man she considered more likely to support her and her sons from her second marriage, against the first-born son of Bolesław, Władysław II the Exile. This article refers to the 12th century Polish monarch For the 14th century founder of the Jagiellon dynasty see Jogaila, and for other monarchs with similar names

After the death of Bolesław in 1138, Władysław II became the new king of Poland, and he reinstated Włostowic to the rank of voivode, as he did not want Wszebor, supporter of his brothers, to retain that rank. However Bolesław, who had had seven sons, in his last will had attempted to significantly reform the Polish monarchy in an attempt to prevent a civil war. In Common law, a will or testament is a document by which a person (the Testator) regulates the rights of others over his or her Property A civil war is a War between a State and domestic political actors that are in control of some part of the territory claimed by the state Unfortunately, the attempt not only proved futile, but led into the period known as the fragmentation of Poland. In the first centuries of its existence the Polish nation was led by a series of strong rulers who converted the Poles to Christendom, created a strong Central European Bolesław's will divided Poland into several princedoms, with one of his sons in charge of each one. The will declared that henceforth, the king of Poland was to be the oldest of the Piast dynasty, and not necessarily the heir of his firstborn. Piast dynasty is the name used since the 17th century for Polish Royal Dynasty that ruled Poland from its beginnings as Duchy ruled by Mieszko Władysław II opposed his father's wish, and encouraged by his wife, Agnes of Babenberg, tried to ensure his power as the king would not be weakened. Agnes of Babenberg (1111 &ndash January 25, 1157) was the daughter of Leopold III, Margrave of Austria from 1095 to 1136 and his wife As Boleslaw's chosen Voivode, a rift occurred when Włostowic argued against this. Włostowic feared a civil war, but by his opposition, he soon lost the trust of Bolesław, and especially that of his wife, who thought Wlast had sided with the younger sons of Bolesław.

A civil war began in 1142, with a string of Władysław victories. For his part, Włostowic refused to clearly declare himself for any side, instead choosing to try and smooth the conflicts and conduct negotiations.

In 1146, Władysław decided to finally remove Włostowic from the equation, ordering one of his knights, Dobek, to capture him. Knight is the English term for a social position originating in the Middle Ages. Dobek succeeded in this in a manner not unlike Włostowic's own capture of Wołodar: he arrived at Włostowic's court in Ołbino, and during the night captured Włostowic's court with his men. Agnes demanded Włostowic's death, but Władysław decided instead to make an example out of him: Wlast was blinded, muted and sentenced to exile. Exile means to be away from one's home (ie city state or country while either being explicitly refused permission to return and/or being threatened by prison or death upon return

This had not proven to be Władysław's wisest move. Włostowic was respected and had many friends, and his fate caused many people to switch their allegiance to the younger brothers. Further, the blinded Włostowic went to Rus', which had so far supported Władysław, and convinced them to break their alliance. As a result, Władyslaw was soon defeated. Włostowic regained his position as a voivode, but his disability and old age prevented him from becoming an active politician. He died on April 16, 1153. Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom

Legacy

In the coming centuries, Piotr Włostowic Dunin (or Peter Wlast) became a near-legendary figure, especially as contemporary writers-monks remembered his generous support of the Church. Among the legends, one of the most prevalent is that Piotr Peter Wlast's family originates from Denmark (thus his nickname, 'Dunin', "the Dane"), a noble (szlachta) surname which has survived to the modern day and has many notable members. The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe Polish surname Dunin originated with the 12th century with Piotr Wlast Dunin. Szlachta ( refers to the noble class in the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (since 1569 semi-federal semi-confederal The family crest is the Labedzie, the swan. Łabędź ( Polish for " Swan " is a Polish coat of arms.

See also

References

External links

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