Pietro Mascagni (December 7, 1863 – August 2, 1945) was an Italian composer, most noted for his operas. Events 43 BC - Marcus Tullius Cicero assassinated 1696 - Connecticut Route 108, one of the oldest highways Year 1863 ( MDCCCLXIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest A composer (literally meaning 'one who puts together' is a person who creates Music, usually in the medium of notation, for Interpretation and Performance Opera is an art form in which Singers and Musicians perform a Dramatic work (called an opera which combines a text (called a Libretto His 1890 masterpiece, Cavalleria rusticana, caused one of the greatest sensations in opera history and singlehandedly ushered in the Verismo movement in Italian dramatic music. Masterpiece (or chef d'œuvre) refers to any Work of art that is considered extraordinary Cavalleria rusticana ( Rustic Chivalry) is an Opera in one act by Pietro Mascagni to an Italian Libretto by Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti Verismo (meaning "realism" from Italian vero, meaning "truth" was an Italian literary movement born approximately between 1875 and 1895 However, though it has been stated that Mascagni, like Leoncavallo, was a "one-opera man" who could never repeat his first success, this is inaccurate. Ruggero (Ruggiero Leoncavallo (23 April 1857- 9 August 1919 was an Italian Opera Composer. L'amico Fritz and Iris have been popular in Europe since their respective premieres; in fact, Mascagni himself claimed that at one point Iris was performed in Italy more often than Cavalleria (cf. L'amico Fritz is an Opera in three acts by Pietro Mascagni, 1891, from a Libretto by P Iris is an Opera in three acts by Pietro Mascagni to an original Italian Libretto by Luigi Illica. Stivender). It is certainly a better vehicle for a popular lyric soprano. This article is related to a series of articles under the main article Voice type.

Mascagni wrote a total of fifteen operas, plus an operetta, several orchestral and vocal works, as well as songs and piano music. Operetta is a genre of light Opera, light in terms both of music and subject matter He enjoyed immense success during his lifetime, both as a composer and conductor of his own and other people's music. Conducting is the act of directing a Musical performance by way of visible gestures If he never repeated the international success of Cavalleria, it was probably because Mascagni refused to copy himself. The variety of styles in his operas—the Sicilian passion and warmth of Cavalleria, the exotic flavor of Iris, the idyllic breeze that ventilates the charming L'amico Fritz and Lodoletta, the Gallic chiaroscuro of Isabeau, the steely, Veristic power of Il piccolo Marat, the overripe postromanticism of the lush Parisina—demonstrate a versatility that none of the other Veristi could boast, Puccini included. Chiaroscuro ( Italian for light-dark) is a term in Art for a contrast between light and dark WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini ( December 22, 1858

Contents 1 Biography 1.1 Early life 1.2 1880-1889 1.3 1890-1899 1.4 1900-1909 1.5 1910-1919 1.6 1920-1929 1.7 1930-1939 1.8 1940-1949 1.9 1950-1951 2 Selected Works 2.1 Operas 2.2 Operetta 2.3 Sacred music 2.4 Orchestral music 3 Media 4 References in Popular Culture 5 External links 6 Resources

Biography

Early life

Pietro Antonio Stefano Mascagni was born in Livorno, Tuscany. "Leghorn" redirects here For the breed of chicken see Leghorn chicken. Tuscany (Toscana is a region in Italy. It has an area of 22990 km² and a population of about 3 He was the second son of Domenico and Emilia Mascagni. The father was the owner of a bakery. Mascagni's lifelong friend and collaborator, Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti ("Nanni") was born the same year in Livorno. For the italian medician and entomologist (1712-1783 see Giovanni Targioni Tozzetti. "Leghorn" redirects here For the breed of chicken see Leghorn chicken.

In 1876, he began musical studies with Alfredo Soffredini (1854-1923), who founded the Instituto Musicale di Livorno (later called Istituto Cherubini) after having just completed his musical studies in Milan. Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. Also from Livorno, Soffredini was a composer, teacher and musical critic.

In 1879, he composed several works: Sinfonia in do minore, Elegia, Kyrie, Gloria and Ave Maria.

1880-1889

The premiere of Mascagni's first cantata, In Filanda, took place at the Istituto Cherubini on February 9, 1881. Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1881 ( MDCCCLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The cantata was presented at a musical contest in Milan and won the first prize. In the same year Mascagni met Arrigo Boito and Amilcare Ponchielli in Milan. Arrigo Boito ( February 24, 1842 &ndash June 10, 1918) aka Enrico Giuseppe Giovanni Boito Pseudonym Tobia Gorrio was an Italian Amilcare Ponchielli ( August 31, 1834 &ndash January 16, 1886) was an Italian Composer, largely of Operas

In 1882, he composed his Cantata Alla Gioia, from a text by Schiller; La stella di Garibaldi, for voice and piano; and La tua stella. On May 6, Mascagni left Livorno for Milan, and, on October 12 he passed the admission examination of the Conservatorio di Milano. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Events 539 BC - The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon. In Milan, Mascagni met the engineer Vittorio Gianfranceschi ("Vichi"), born in Vienna in 1861, and Giacomo Puccini, born in Lucca in 1858. Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. Lucca is a city in Tuscany, northern central Italy, situated on the river Serchio in a fertile plain near (but not on the Ligurian Sea

On January 9, 1883, Mascagni's sister, Maria, died. Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. Year 1883 ( MDCCCLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The cantata In Filanda became Pinotta, and was proposed for the musical contest of the Conservatorio, but the registration, being late, was not accepted.

In 1884, he composed Ballata for tenor and piano; M'ama non m'ama, scherzo for soprano and piano; Messagio d'amore, and Alla luna.

In 1885, Mascagni conducted Il Re a Napoli in Cremona, romance for tenor and orchestra, on a text by Andrea Maffei. Mascagni left Milan without completing his studies. He toured as conductor in the operetta companies of Vittorio Forlì, Alfonso and Ciro Scognamiglio and, in Genova, the company of Luigi Arnaldo Vassallo.

Mascagni met the impresario Luigi Maresca in 1886. That December, Mascagni arrived in Cerignola with Maresca's company. He was accompanied by Argenide Marcellina Carbognani (Lina), his future wife. Helped by the mayor Giuseppe Cannone, Mascagni soon left the company of Maresca, not without problems, and became master of music and singing of the new philharmony of Cerignola, where he earned a lot of esteem. He also gave piano lessons.

In February 1888, work on the Messa di Gloria started. In July, Casa Sonzogno announced in the Teatro Illustrato its second competition for a one-act opera.

Pietro and Lina were married on February 3, 1889. Events 1112 - Ramon Berenguer III of Barcelona and Douce I of Provence marry uniting the fortunes of those two states Year 1889 ( MDCCCLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The next day Domenico Mascagni ("Mimì") was born. The composition of Cavalleria rusticana was completed on May 27 and the manuscript sent to Milan. Cavalleria rusticana ( Rustic Chivalry) is an Opera in one act by Pietro Mascagni to an Italian Libretto by Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti Events 927 - Simeon the Great, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies 1120 - Richard III of Capua is anointed

1890-1899

On February 21, 1890, Mascagni was summoned to Rome to present his opera. Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland Year 1890 ( MDCCCXC) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The première of Cavalleria rusticana, winner of the Sonzogno contest, was held May 17 at the Teatro Costanzi in Rome. Cavalleria rusticana ( Rustic Chivalry) is an Opera in one act by Pietro Mascagni to an Italian Libretto by Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason. The success was tremendous, and very soon the opera was performed in Florence, Turin, Bologna, Palermo, Milan, Genoa, Naples, Venice and Trieste. Florence ( Italian: Firenze Florentia and Fiorenza) is the Capital City of the Italian region of Tuscany Bologna (boloɲa from Latin Bononia, Bulåggna in Bolognese dialect is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy Palermo ( Sicilian: Palermu, Greek: Panormus, al-Madinah during Muslim rule is a historic City in Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. Genoa ( Genova, ˈdʒɛːnova in Italian; Zena in Genoese and Ligurian; Genua in Latin and archaically in English Naples ( Napoli, Neapolitan: Nàpule) is a historic City in southern Italy, the Capital of the Venice ( Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venesia or Venexia) is a city in Northern Italy, the capital of the Trieste (Trieste Slovene and Croatian: Trst; German: Triest) is a city and port in northeastern Italy very near to In December, Gustav Mahler conducted the opera in Budapest. Budapest ( also /ˈbʊ-/) is the capital city of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary it serves as the country's principal Political, Soon thereafter, the cities of Monaco, Hamburg, St. Petersburg, Dresden and Buenos Aires welcomed the opera. For other uses see Monaco (disambiguation Monaco, officially the Principality of Monaco ( French: Principauté de Monaco; Monégasque Hamburg (English, German: ˈhambʊɐk local pronunciation Low German / Low Saxon: Hamborg) is the second-largest city in Germany Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River Dresden (etymologically from Old Sorbian Drežďany, meaning people of the riverside forest, Drježdźany is the Capital city of the German Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is geographically located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern In March 1891, it was played in Vienna. At age 26, Mascagni had become famous overnight.

Dino Mascagni was born January 3, 1891. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1891 ( MDCCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common L'amico Fritz, his second most successful opera, was premiered October 31 at the Teatro Costanzi in Rome. L'amico Fritz is an Opera in three acts by Pietro Mascagni, 1891, from a Libretto by P Events 445 BC – Ezra reads the Book of the Law to the Israelites in Jerusalem (see Nehemiah 91 NLTse

Emi Mascagni was born August 21, 1892. Events 1192 - Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the De facto ruler of Japan. Year 1892 ( MDCCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year I Rantzau was premiered November 10 at the Teatro La Pergola, in Florence, under the direction of the composer himself. I Rantzau ( The Rantzau) is an opera in four acts by Pietro Mascagni (1892 based on a Libretto by Guido Menasci and Giovanni Events 1444 - Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw

He composed the opera Silvano in 1894. Silvano is a dramma marinaresco (literally a "seafaring drama" or Opera in two acts by Pietro Mascagni, 1895, from a

On February 16, 1895 Guglielmo Ratcliff was premiered at the Teatro alla Scala of Milan. Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols Year 1895 ( MDCCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Guglielmo Ratcliff is a tragic opera in four acts by Pietro Mascagni to an Italian Libretto by Andrea Maffei, translated from the German On March 15, Silvano was premiered at the Teatro alla Scala of Milan. Events 44 BC - Julius Caesar, Dictator of the Roman Republic, is stabbed to death by Marcus Junius Brutus, Silvano is a dramma marinaresco (literally a "seafaring drama" or Opera in two acts by Pietro Mascagni, 1895, from a Mascagni accepted the direction of the Liceo Rossini of Pesaro.

On March 2, 1896, Mascagni conducted the première of Zanetto at the Liceo. Events 986 - Louis V becomes King of the Franks. 1127 - Assassination of Charles the Good Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year

On June 29, 1898, Mascagni conducted the première of A Giacomo Leopardi, a symphonic poem, in Recanati. Events 512 - A Solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland. Year 1898 ( MDCCCXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common November 22 Iris, Mascagni's first collaboration with Luigi Illica, was premiered on November 22 at the Teatro Costanzi in Rome. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Iris is an Opera in three acts by Pietro Mascagni to an original Italian Libretto by Luigi Illica. Luigi Illica ( Castell'Arquato, near Piacenza, Italy, 9 May 1857 - Colombarone Italy 16 December 1919) was Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran

Mascagni's father died in May 1899.

1900-1909

In 1900, Mascagni toured Moscow and St. Petersburg. Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River

On January 17, 1901, Le maschere was premiered in six Italian theaters. Events 38 BC - Octavian marries Livia Drusilla. 1287 - King Alfonso III of Aragon invades Minorca Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Le maschere ( The Masks) is an Opera in a Prologue and three acts by Pietro Mascagni to an Italian Libretto by Giuseppe Verdi died on January 27 and the following month Mascagni commemorated Verdi's passing. Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva. That same year, he conducted Verdi's Requiem in Vienna.

Mascagni composed the music for Hall Caine's play, The Eternal City in August 1902; the première of the play with Mascagni's music took place in London on October 2. Events 1187 - Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule

In 1902 and 1903, he toured in Canada and in the United States (in particular Montreal, New York City, Philadelphia, Boston and San Francisco), where he conducted many of his and other composers' works. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec The City of New York Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city The tour was mostly a fiasco, except for the visit to San Francisco where Mascagni was extremely well received. The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city

In 1903, Mascagni left Pesaro after problems with the authorities. He became director of the Scuola Musicale Romana, in Rome.

He signed a contract with the French editor Choudens in 1903.

Amica, with libretto by Choudens, was premiered on March 16, 1905, in Monte-Carlo. For the insurance company see Amica Mutual Insurance. Amica is an Opera in two acts by Pietro Mascagni, originally Events 597 BC - Babylonians capture Jerusalem, replace Jehoiachin with Zedekiah as king Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting That year, he had disputes with Leoncavallo and Puccini. Ruggero (Ruggiero Leoncavallo (23 April 1857- 9 August 1919 was an Italian Opera Composer. WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini ( December 22, 1858 He also had the Livornese première of Le maschere. Le maschere ( The Masks) is an Opera in a Prologue and three acts by Pietro Mascagni to an Italian Libretto by

Mascagni was director of the Costanzi for the season beginning in August 1909.

1910-1919

April 4, 1910, Mascagni began a relationship with Anna Lolli. Events 1581 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting In October he was reconciled with Puccini. WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini ( December 22, 1858

Mascagni ceased his activity as director of the Scuola Musicale Romana in 1911. That May, he left for Buenos Aires, beginning a 7 months tour in South America. On June 2, the première of Isabeau took place in Buenos Aires. Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks Isabeau is a leggenda drammatica or Opera in three parts by Pietro Mascagni, 1911 from an Italian Libretto by Mahler died that year.

The Italian première of Isabeau took place simultaneously at la Scala in Milan (conductor Tullio Serafin) and at la Fenice in Venice (conductor Mascagni) in 1912. Isabeau is a leggenda drammatica or Opera in three parts by Pietro Mascagni, 1911 from an Italian Libretto by On March 28, Work on Parisina began. Events 37 - Roman Emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, entitled to him by the Senate. Parisina is a poem written by Byron. It was published on 13 February 1816 and probably written between 1812 and 1815 Composition of Parisina in Bellevue, near Paris, sometimes with his daughter Emi, his mistress Anna Lolli, and the librettist Gabrielle d'Annunzio. Parisina is a poem written by Byron. It was published on 13 February 1816 and probably written between 1812 and 1815

In October 1913, Emi Mascagni married the musician Guido Farinelli in Rapallo. Parisina was premiered in Milan on December 15. Parisina is a poem written by Byron. It was published on 13 February 1816 and probably written between 1812 and 1815 Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of Almost all the important Italian composers of the time were present, among them Puccini, Giordano and Zandonai. WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini ( December 22, 1858 Umberto Menotti Maria Giordano ( August 28, 1867 &ndash November 12, 1948) was an Italian composer mainly of Opera. Riccardo Zandonai ( 28 May 1883 - 5 June 1944) was an Italian Opera Composer.

Parisina was premiered in Livorno and Rome in 1914. Parisina is a poem written by Byron. It was published on 13 February 1816 and probably written between 1812 and 1815 World War I began on July 28. Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason. Puccini and Mascagni were against the involvement of Italy in this war, where Mascagni's son Dino was later made a prisoner. Luigi Illica was a volunteer for the front.

Mascagni wrote music for Nino Oxilia's movie Rapsodia Satanica in 1915; the custom was for silent films to be accompanied live in a theater by organ, piano, or an orchestra, often using a prepared score (sometimes with original music) with cues for the conductor or musician. Mascagni had a quarrel regarding the rights of Louise de la Ramée's Two Little Wooden Shoes (I due Zoccoletti), that inspired both Puccini and Mascagni. The subject was retained by Mascagni for Lodoletta. Lodoletta is a dramma lirico or lyric Opera in three acts by Pietro Mascagni (1917

Lodoletta was premiered on April 30, 1917, in Rome. Lodoletta is a dramma lirico or lyric Opera in three acts by Pietro Mascagni (1917 Events 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Livornese première of the opera was on July 28, with Beniamino Gigli as Flammen. Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason.

Ruggero Leoncavallo died on August 9, 1919. Events 48 BC - Caesar's civil war: Battle of Pharsalus - Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Sì, Mascagni's operetta, was premiered on December 13 in Rome. Events 1294 - Saint Celestine V abdicates the papacy after only five months Celestine hoped to return to his previous life The funeral ceremony for Luigi Illica was on December 20. Events 69 - Vespasian, formerly a general under Nero, enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor.

1920-1929

Mascagni composed Il piccolo Marat in 1920. Il piccolo Marat is a dramma lirico or Opera in three acts by Pietro Mascagni, 1921 from a Libretto by Giovacchino Forzano The opera was premiered in Rome on May 2, 1921, following by a premiere in Buenos Aires in September. Events 1194 - King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar The composer returned to South America for a tour beginning in May 1922.

In 1923, he composed Visione Lirica. Alfredo Soffredini died that year in Milan.

Giacomo Puccini died from cancer in 1924. WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini ( December 22, 1858 His nearly complete opera Turandot was premiered at La Scala on April 25, 1926, with Toscanini conducting. Turandot is an Opera in three acts by Giacomo Puccini, set to a Libretto in Italian by Giuseppe Adami and Renato Simoni Events 1607 - Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar. Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The score was completed by fellow composer Franco Alfano and that complete version has been performed ever since. Franco Alfano ( March 8, 1875 &ndash October 27, 1954) was an Italian composer and pianist.

In 1927, Mascagni moved to the Albergo Plaza in Rome, a place he would not leave until his death.

1930-1939

In 1930, Mascagni conducted La Bohème in Torre del Lago, as a homage to Puccini. Torre del Lago is a hamlet of almost 11000 inhabitants a Frazione of the Comune of Viareggio, in the Province of Lucca WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini ( December 22, 1858

In 1931, Le maschere was performed at La Scala. Le maschere ( The Masks) is an Opera in a Prologue and three acts by Pietro Mascagni to an Italian Libretto by The Teatro alla Scala (or La Scala, as it is known in Milan, Italy, is one of the world's most famous Opera houses The theatre was

Pinotta was premiered in San Remo on March 23, 1932. Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. He joined the PNF (Fascist party), following the example of many contemporary musicians, including Giordano. Fascism is a totalitarian nationalist and corporatist ideology

On May 30, 1934, - Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti died. Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Nerone was premièred in Milan on January 16, 1935, followed by the première in Livorno on August 24. Nerone ( Nero) is an Opera in three acts by Pietro Mascagni, 1935, from a Libretto by Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River

In June 1936, Dino Mascagni died in Somalia.

1940-1949

In 1940, celebrations for the fiftieth anniversary of his most popular opera, Cavalleria rusticana, took place all over Italy, often with Mascagni conducting. Cavalleria rusticana ( Rustic Chivalry) is an Opera in one act by Pietro Mascagni to an Italian Libretto by Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti The opera was recorded for La Voce del padrone ("His Master's Voice") at La Scala under the direction of Mascagni, who recorded a special spoken introduction. EMI later reissued the recording on LP and CD.

In April 1943, Mascagni appeared for the last time at La Scala to conduct L'amico Fritz. L'amico Fritz is an Opera in three acts by Pietro Mascagni, 1891, from a Libretto by P By that time he had to conduct sitting on a chair.

The last season of Mascagni at the Rome Opera (Cavalleria rusticana and L'amico Fritz) was 1944-45. Cavalleria rusticana ( Rustic Chivalry) is an Opera in one act by Pietro Mascagni to an Italian Libretto by Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti L'amico Fritz is an Opera in three acts by Pietro Mascagni, 1891, from a Libretto by P

Mascagni died at 7:15 a. m. on August 2, 1945. Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar The funeral ceremony was August 4 at 10:30 a. Events 70 - The Destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem by the Romans. m. The Italian authorities were not present.

1950-1951

In 1951, the mortal remains of Mascagni were transferred from Rome to Livorno, and finally Mascagni received an official homage.

Selected Works

Operas

• Cavalleria rusticana (17 May 1890 Teatro Costanzi, Rome) - libretto, libretto
• L'amico Fritz (31 October 1891 Teatro Costanzi, Rome) - libretto
• I Rantzau (10 November 1892 Teatro La Pergola, Florence)
• Guglielmo Ratcliff (16 February 1895 Teatro alla Scala, Milan), composed between 1885 and the early 1890s - libretto
• Silvano (25 March 1895 Teatro alla Scala, Milan)
• Zanetto (2 March 1896 Liceo Musicale, Pesaro) - libretto
• Iris (22 November 1898 Teatro Costanzi, Rome) - libretto
• Le maschere (17 January 1901 Teatro Carlo Felice, Genoa - Teatro Regio, Turin - Teatro alla Scala, Milan - Teatro La Fenice, Venice - Teatro Filarmonico, Verona - Teatro Costanzi, Rome)
• Amica (16 March 1905, Monte Carlo, in French) - Italian libretto
• Isabeau (2 June 1911 Teatro Coliseo, Buenos Aires)
• Parisina (15 December 1913 Teatro alla Scala, Milan) - libretto
• Lodoletta (30 April 1917 Teatro Costanzi, Rome) - libretto
• Il piccolo Marat (2 May 1921 Teatro Costanzi, Rome)
• Pinotta (23 March 1932 Casinò, San Remo), adapted from the cantata In filanda (1881)
• Nerone (16 January 1935 Teatro alla Scala, Milan), with music written between the 1890s and the 1930s

Operetta

• Il re a Napoli (18 March 1885 Teatro Municipale, Cremona)
• Sì (13 December 1919 Teatro Quirino, Rome)

Sacred music

• Messa di Gloria in F major for soloists, chorus and orchestra

Orchestral music

• A Giacomo Leopardi, cantata for voice and orchestra (1898)

Media

References in Popular Culture

The 1980 film Raging bull prominently features the following music: the Intermezzo from Cavalleria Rusticana, the Barcarolle from Silvano, and the Intermezzo from Guglielmo Ratcliff (known as Il sogno di Ratcliff). The year 1980 in film involved some significant events Events April 30 - The Roger Daltrey film McVicar, opens Raging Bull is a 1980 Biographical film directed by Martin Scorsese, adapted by Paul Schrader and Mardik Martin from the memoir Cavalleria rusticana ( Rustic Chivalry) is an Opera in one act by Pietro Mascagni to an Italian Libretto by Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti A barcarolle (from French; also Italian barcarola, barcarole) is a folk song sung by Venetian gondoliers, or a piece of Silvano is a dramma marinaresco (literally a "seafaring drama" or Opera in two acts by Pietro Mascagni, 1895, from a Guglielmo Ratcliff is a tragic opera in four acts by Pietro Mascagni to an Italian Libretto by Andrea Maffei, translated from the German

The 1990 film The Godfather Part III used a production Cavalleria Rusticana to set the climax of the film, with Michael Corleone's son Anthony preforming the lead. The year 1990 in film involved some significant events Events CGI technique is expanded with motion capture for The Godfather Part III is a Crime drama film written by Mario Puzo and Francis Ford Coppola, and directed by Coppola Cavalleria rusticana ( Rustic Chivalry) is an Opera in one act by Pietro Mascagni to an Italian Libretto by Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti Michael Anthony Corleone is a Fictional character in Mario Puzo 's novels The Godfather and The Sicilian. Anthony Vito Corleone (1951-) is a Fictional character in The Godfather Trilogy of films directed by Francis Ford Coppola. The movie ends with the Intermezzo playing.

In 2000, electronic musician William Orbit included a modern, electronic orchestration of an excerpt from Mascagni's Cavalleria Rusticana on his album Pieces in a Modern Style. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. William Orbit (born on 15 December 1956 as William Mark Wainwright in Shoreditch, Hackney) is an English Musician Cavalleria rusticana ( Rustic Chivalry) is an Opera in one act by Pietro Mascagni to an Italian Libretto by Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti Pieces in a Modern Style is the sixth album by electronic instrumentalist William Orbit.

External links

• Mascagni cylinder recordings, from the Cylinder Preservation and Digitization Project at the University of California, Santa Barbara Library. The Cylinder Preservation and Digitization Project is a free digital collection maintained by the University of California Santa Barbara Libraries with streaming and downloadable The University of California Santa Barbara ( UCSB) is a selective research-oriented public university located on the Pacific Ocean in Santa Barbara County California

Resources

• English web site about Pietro Mascagni
• Alan Mallach's Pietro Mascagni biography ISBN 1-55553-524-0
• Official Italian web site about Pietro Mascagni
• Mascagni, l'avventuroso dell'opera, by Roberto Iovino ISBN 88-7767-014-2
• Buoso Donati, "Mascagni and Mussolini" Bibliography.

• Works by Pietro Mascagni at Project Gutenberg

Persondata
NAME	Mascagni, Pietro
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION	Italian Opera Composer
DATE OF BIRTH	December 7, 1863
PLACE OF BIRTH	Livorno, Italy
DATE OF DEATH	August 2, 1945
PLACE OF DEATH	Rome, Italy

Project Gutenberg, abbreviated as PG, is a volunteer effort to Digitize, archive and distribute Cultural works Events 43 BC - Marcus Tullius Cicero assassinated 1696 - Connecticut Route 108, one of the oldest highways Year 1863 ( MDCCCLXIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common "Leghorn" redirects here For the breed of chicken see Leghorn chicken. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest

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