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GreecePhocis Prefecture
Φωκίδα
Location of Phocis Prefecture in Greece
Capital Amfissa
Population 49,576 (2005)Ranked 47th
Area 2,120. Amfissa ( Greek: Άμφισσα ˈaɱfisa is a municipality and the capital town of the prefecture of Phocis, in Greece. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology This is a list of the Prefectures of Greece, in order of descending population (in 2005 except otherwise stated Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 564 km² Ranked 32nd
Population density 23. This is a list of the Prefectures of Greece, in order of descending area Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 4/km²Ranked 51st
Number of provinces 2
Number of municipalities 12
Postal codes 33x xx
Area codes 226x0, 26340
Licence plate code ΑΜ
ISO 3166-2 code GR-07
Website www.fokida.gr

Phocis (Greek, Modern: Φωκίδα/Fokída, Ancient/Katharevousa: Φωκίς/Phokis; named after the Greek mythological personage Phocus) is an ancient district of central Greece and a prefecture of modern Greece located in Sterea Hellas, one of the thirteen peripheries of Greece. This is a list of the Prefectures of Greece, in order of descending Population density according to the 2001 census "real" population figures and land areas The Provinces (eparchys according to Encarta Dictionary and Webster's Dictionary(επαρχία of Greece were sub-divisions of the country's The Greek Postal code system is is administered by ELTA (Ελληνικά Ταχυδρομεία Hellenic Post) This is a list of dialing codes in Greece. The first digit represents type of service Greek Vehicle registration plates are composed of three letters and four digits per plate (e ISO 3166-2GR is an ISO standard which defines Geocodes it is the subset of ISO 3166-2 which applies to Greece. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c Katharevousa (Καθαρεύουσα, lit "the purified one" is a form of the Greek language conceived in the early 19th century by Greek intellectual In Greek mythology, two different people bore the name Phocus. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Greece consists of 13 administrative regions known as Peripheries of Greece, which are further subdivided into 3 super-prefectures and 54 prefectures or nomes The periphery of Continental Greece ( Στερεά Ελλάδα - Stereá Elláda) or Central Greece (Κεντρική Ελλάδα is one of the The peripheries ( Περιφέρειες) are the official regional Administrative divisions of Greece.

Contents

Geography

Ancient Phocis was about 1,619 km² (625 mi²) in area, bounded on the west by Ozolian Locris and Doris, on the north by Opuntian Locris, on the east by Boeotia, and on the south by the Gulf of Corinth. Ozolian Locris or Esperian Locris (Οζολία Λοκρίς ή Εσπερία Λοκρίς was a district inhabited by the Ozolian Locrians a tribe of the Locrians Doris ( Greek:: Eth, pl,; Latin: Dores Dorienses is small mountainous district in ancient Greece, bounded by Aetolia Opuntian Locris or Eastern Locris was an ancient Greek region inhabited by the tribe of the Locri Epicnemidii ( Greek:) or Locri Opuntii Boeotia, Beotia, or Bœotia ( Greek: Βοιωτία - English biːˈoʊʃiə formerly Cadmeis was a region of Ancient Greece, north of the The Gulf of Corinth or the Corinthian Gulf is a deep inlet of the Ionian Sea separating the Peloponnese from western mainland Greece. The massive ridge of Parnassus (2,459 m/8,068 ft), which traverses the heart of the country, divides it into two distinct portions. Mythology Mount Parnassus is named after Parnassos the son of the Nymph Kleodora and the man Kleopompus.

Modern Phocis has an area of 2120 km² (819 mi²), of which 560 km² (216 mi²) are forested, 36 km² (14 mi²) are plains, and the remainder is mountainous. [1]

Being neither rich in material resources nor well placed for commercial enterprise, Phocis was mainly pastoral. No large cities grew up within its territory, and its chief places were mainly of strategic importance.

History

The early history of Phocis remains quite obscure. During the Persian invasion of 480 BC the Phocians at first joined in the national defence, but, by their irresolute conduct at the Battle of Thermopylae lost that position for the Greeks; at the Battle of Plataea they were enrolled on the Persian side. The Persian Empire was a series of Iranian empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland and beyond in Western Asia Events By place Greece May — King Xerxes I of Persia marches from Sardis and onto Thrace In the Battle of Thermopylae, which occurred in August 480 BC (and was detailed almost entirely by Herodotus) an alliance of Greek City-states fought The Greeks ( Greek: Έλληνες) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions The Battle of Plataea was the final major Battle of the Greco-Persian Wars in southern Greece. In 457 BC an attempt to extend their influence to the headwaters of the Cephissus in the territory of Doris brought a Spartan army into Phocis in defence of the "metropolis of the Dorians". Events By place Persian empire Artaxerxes I decrees that the city government of Jerusalem shall be re-established (see Ezra 7 The city of Sparta ( Doric Σπάρτα Attic Σπάρτη A similar enterprise against Delphi in 448 BC was again frustrated by Sparta, but not long afterwards the Phocians recaptured the sanctuary with the help of the Athenians, with whom they had entered into alliance in 454 BC. Delphi ( Greek,) ( pronounce and dialectal forms) is an archaeological site and a modern town in Greece on the south-western Events By place Greece Pericles leads the Athenian army against Delphi to restore the sanctuary of the Oracle Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's Events By place Persian Empire Persian rule in Egypt is finally restored by Megabyzus, Satrap of Syria The subsequent decline of Athenian land power had the effect of weakening this new connection; at the time of the Peloponnesian War Phocis was nominally an ally and dependent of Sparta, and had lost control of Delphi.

In the 4th century BC Phocis was constantly endangered by its Boeotian neighbours. The 4th century BC started the first day of 400 BC and ended the last day of 301 BC. After helping the Spartans to invade Boeotia during the Corinthian War (395–94 BC), the Phocians were placed on the defensive. The Corinthian War was an ancient Greek conflict lasting from 395 BC until 387 BC pitting Sparta against a coalition of four allied states Thebes Events By place Persian Empire The Persian Satrap Tissaphernes ' enemy Parysatis, mother of Cyrus Events By place Greece The allies Athens, Thebes, Corinth and Argos, gather a large army at Corinth They received assistance from Sparta in 380 BC, but were afterwards compelled to submit to the growing power of Thebes. Events By place Persian empire Persia forces the Athenians to withdraw their general Chabrias from Egypt. Thebes ( Classic Greek Θῆβαι, Mod Θήβα) is a city in Greece, situated to the north of the Cithaeron range which divides The Phocian levy took part in the inroads of Epaminondas into Peloponnesus, except in the final campaign of Mantinea (370–362 BC), from which their contingent was withheld. Epaminondas ( Greek:) (ca 418 BC&ndash362 BC was a Theban General and statesman of the 4th century BC who transformed the Ancient Greek The Peloponnese or Peloponnesus ( Greek: Πελοπόννησος Pelopónnisos; see also List of Greek place names) is a large Peninsula Mantineia ( Greek: Μαντίνεια formerly also Antigonia - Αντιγόνεια was a city in ancient Arcadia in the central Peloponnese Events By place Greece Cleomenes II succeeds his brother Agesipolis II as Agiad king of Sparta. Events By place Persian Empire Mausolus of Caria joins the revolt of the Satraps of Anatolia against the Persian In return for this negligence the Thebans fastened a religious quarrel upon their neighbours, and secured a penal decree against them from the Amphictyonic synod (356 BC). The Amphictyonic League ( Amphictyony) was a form of Greek religious organization that was enjoined to support specific temples or sacred places and Events By place Persian Empire Having blamed the defeats by Philip II in Thessaly and Chalcidice on his colleagues Chares is The Phocians, led by two capable generals, Philomelus and Onomarchus, replied by seizing Delphi and using its riches to hire a mercenary army. Philomelus or Philomenus was a minor Greek demi-god the son of Demeter and Iasion, and the brother of Plutus. A mercenary is a person who takes part in an armed conflict who is not a national or a party to the conflict and is "motivated to take part in the hostilities essentially by With the help of these troops the Phocian League at first carried the war into Boeotia and Thessaly, and though driven out of the latter country by Philip of Macedon, maintained itself for ten years, until the exhaustion of the temple treasures and the treachery of its leaders placed it at Philip's mercy. Thessalia redirects here For the Butterfly Genus, see Thessalia (butterfly. Philip was the name of several Macedonian monarchs Philip I of Macedon (ruled 640–602 BC The conditions which he imposed – the obligation to restore the temple funds, and the dispersion of the population into open villages – were soon disregarded. In 339 BC the Phocians began to rebuild their cities; in the following year they fought against Philip at Chaeronea. Events By place Greece Philip II of Macedon decides to attack the Scythians, using as an excuse their reluctance to allow Philip The Battle of Chaeronea 338 BC, fought near Chaeronea, in Boeotia, was the greatest victory of Philip II of Macedon. Again in 323 BC they took part in the Lamian War against Antipater, and in 279 BC helped to defend Thermopylae against the Gauls. Events By place Macedonian Empire 10 June — In Babylon, Alexander the Great dies ten days after being taken ill The Lamian war ( 323 &ndash 322 BC) also called the Greek War was a War in Greece between Athens, along with her allied city-states Antipater ( Greek: Ἀντίπατρος Antipatros; ca 397 BC — 319 BC was a Macedonian general and a supporter of kings Philip II of Macedon Events By place Greece An army of Gauls under Brennus invade Greece. Gaul (Gallia was the Roman name for the region of Western Europe comprising present day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western

Henceforth little more is heard of Phocis. During the 3rd century BC it passed into the power of Macedonia and of the Aetolian League, to which in 196 BC it was definitely annexed. The 3rd century BC started the first day of 300 BC and ended the last day of 201 BC The Aetolian League was a confederation of states in Ancient Greece centered on the cities of Aetolia in central Greece Events By place Roman Republic The Insubres, Gauls of the Po Valley, believed by the Romans to have been Under the dominion of the Roman republic its national league was dissolved, but was revived by Augustus, who also restored to Phocis the votes in the Delphic Amphictyony which it had lost in 346 BC and enrolled it in the new Achaean synod. The Roman Republic was the phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a Republican form of government a period which began with the overthrow of the Augustus ( Latin: IMPERATOR·CAESAR·DIVI·FILIVS·AVGVSTVS September 23 63 BC – August 19 AD 14) born Gaius Octavius Thurinus, was Events By place Greece The Peace of Philocrates is signed between Macedonia and Athens. The Phocian League is last heard of under Trajan. Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, commonly known as Trajan ( September 18 53 &ndash August 9 117) was a Roman Emperor who

Phocis today

Phocis is today a prefecture and the capital is at Amfissa, formerly called Salona. Amfissa ( Greek: Άμφισσα ˈaɱfisa is a municipality and the capital town of the prefecture of Phocis, in Greece. With a population of 48,284 (2001), it is Greece's 8th-least populous prefecture, and has a population density of less than 23 persons per km² (59/mi²). Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume [2] In the summer months, the population nearly doubles due to the influx of toursists. [1] The neighboring prefectures are Aetolia-Acarnania to the west, Phthiotis to the north and Boeotia to the east. Aetolia-Acarnania, ( Greek: Αιτωλοακαρνανία, Aitoloakarnanía, also Aetoloacarnania and Etoloakarnania) is one Phthiotis (Φθιώτιδα Fthiótida, fθiˈo̞tiða Ancient Greek and Katharevousa: Φθιώτις is one of the Prefectures of Greece. Boeotia ( Greek: Βοιωτία; - Voiotía, also Viotía) is one of the Prefectures of Greece.

The communities include in the present-day Phocis are Amfissa, Delphi (near Boeotia), Galaxidi, Itea. Delphi ( Greek,) ( pronounce and dialectal forms) is an archaeological site and a modern town in Greece on the south-western Boeotia, Beotia, or Bœotia ( Greek: Βοιωτία - English biːˈoʊʃiə formerly Cadmeis was a region of Ancient Greece, north of the Galaxidi (Γαλαξίδι Ancient/ Katharevousa: -ον is a town and a municipality located in the southern part of the prefecture of Phocis. The International Technology Education Association (ITEA is an organization devoted to improving Technology education through the use of technology innovation design and

Most of the villages are founded in the south, the southwest and the west, especially in areas from Amfissa to Itea. The north and the east are leastly populated.

Much of the south and east are deforested and rocky and mountainous while the valley runs from Itea up to Amfissa. Forests and greenspaces are to the west, the central part and the north.

Its reservoir is the Mornos Dam on the Mornos river. The Mornos River (Greek Potamos Mornou) is a river that flows in the Fokida and Aitoloakarnania prefectures in Greece. It covers nearly 1 km to 3 km². It was completed in the 1960s, and GR-48 was extended to pass through the dam. The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969

Transport

People

Modern Phocis was inhabited by several Greek tribes since antiquity, mainly by Phocians, Locrians and Dorians, which were intermingled and formed the present-day Phocian population, with a unique linguistic and cultural heritage, frequently mentioned as Roumeliotes. The Greeks ( Greek: Έλληνες) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions The Locrians (Λοκροί were an ancient Greek tribe in Greece. The Dorians or Dorian Greeks ( Greek:, Dōrieis singular, Dōrieus were

Provinces

Municipalities

Phocis prefecture contains 12 municipalities. A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a City, Town, or Village, or [1][3]

Municipality YPES code Seat (if different) Postal code
Amfissa 5101 331 00
Delphi 5105 330 54
Desfina 5106 330 50
Efpalio 5107 330 56
Galaxidi 5103 330 52
Gravia 5104 330 57
Itea 5108 332 00
Kallieis 5109 Mavrolithari 330 63
Lidoriki 5110 330 53
Parnassos 5111 Polydrosos 330 51
Tolofona 5112 Erateini 330 58
Vardousia 5102 Krokyleio 330 61

See also: List of settlements in the Phocis prefecture

Persons

Sporting teams

Here are the most popular sporting teams in the prefecture. Amfissa ( Greek: Άμφισσα ˈaɱfisa is a municipality and the capital town of the prefecture of Phocis, in Greece. Delphi ( Greek,) ( pronounce and dialectal forms) is an archaeological site and a modern town in Greece on the south-western Desfina ( Greek Δεσφίνα is a Greek town and a municipality located in the southern part of the prefecture of Phokida with a population of 2431 residents Efpalio (Ευπάλιο is a municipality in Phocis, Greece. Population 6507 (2001 Galaxidi (Γαλαξίδι Ancient/ Katharevousa: -ον is a town and a municipality located in the southern part of the prefecture of Phocis. Gravia (Γραβιά is a municipality in the northeastern part of the Phocis, Greece. Itea ( Greek: Ιτέα meaning Willow) is a Greek town and a municipality located in the southeastern part of the prefecture of Phokida. "Kallies" is also the German name of Kalisz Pomorski, Poland Distances and transportation Lidoriki is linked with the old GR-48 linking Antirrio along with the Rio-Antirio Bridge and Amfissa. Parnassos (Παρνασσός is a municipality in Phocis, Greece, named after Mount Parnassus. Subdivisions Paralia Tolofonas (Tolofonas Beach Municipal districts Elaia Erateini Nearest places Panormos, northeast Tolofona, west Population Geography Vardousia (Greek Βαρδούσια is a municipality in Phocis, Greece. List of settlements in the prefecture of Phocis in Greece A-B Agia Efthymia Agioi Pantes ' Giannis Skarimpas, Giannis Skarimbas or Yiannis Skarimbas (Γιάννης Σκαρίμπας ( September 28, 1893 in Agia Efthymia Events 48 BC - Pompey the Great is assassinated on orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt after landing in Egypt. Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Agia Efthymia (Αγία Ευθυμία aˈɣia efθiˈmia is a Village in the prefecture of Phocis, Greece, and the former Province Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade. Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) All of the teams are under the Fokida Football Guild Union in which it existed since 1985 after the separation and dissolution of the Fokida-Fhtiotida Football Guild Union

References

  1. ^ a b c History. Prefecture of Fokida (2001-2002). Retrieved on 2007-05-03. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1491 - Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptised by Portuguese missionaries adopting the baptismal name of João
  2. ^ Information about Fokida. ellada. net. Retrieved on 2007-05-03. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1491 - Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptised by Portuguese missionaries adopting the baptismal name of João
  3. ^ Municipalities. Prefecture of Fokida (2001-2002). Retrieved on 2007-05-03. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1491 - Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptised by Portuguese missionaries adopting the baptismal name of João

External links

This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. MSN (The M icro' s' oft N etwork is a collection of Internet services provided by Microsoft. Encarta is a Digital Multimedia Encyclopedia published by Microsoft Corporation. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone

Dictionary

Phocis

-proper noun

  1. A periphery in the southwest Central Greece and north northeast of the Peloponnese. The capital is presently located in its largest city Amphissa.
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