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Philostratus, was the name of four Greek sophists of the Roman imperial period:

  1. (c. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial 150-200) "Philostratus I": Very minor author, known only for a dialogue Nero, possibly written by Philostratus II.
  2. (c. 170-247) "Philostratus II": son of Philostratus I. Also called "Philostratus the Athenian" or "Lucius Flavius Philostratus"
  3. (born c. 190) "Philostratus III": the probable nephew of Philostratus II. Also called "Philostratus of Lemnos" or "Philostratus the Elder"
  4. (born c. Lemnos (Λήμνος is an island in the northern part of the Aegean Sea. 220) "Philostratus IV": the probable grandson of Philostratus III. Also called "Philostratus of Lemnos", or "Philostratus the Younger".

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Philostratus II

Of these the most famous is Philostratus "the Athenian". Very little is known of his career. Even his name is doubtful. The Lives of the Sophists gives the praenomen Flavius, which, however, is found elsewhere only in Tzetzes. John (Johannes Tzetzes (Ιωάννης Τζέτζης (c 1110 &ndash 1180 was a Byzantine Poet and Grammarian known to have lived at Constantinople Eunapius and Synesius call him a Lemnian; Photius a Tyrian; his letters refer to him as an Athenian. Eunapius was a Greek Sophist and Historian of the 4th century. Synesius (c 373 - c 414 a Greek bishop of Ptolemais in the Libyan Pentapolis after 410 was born of wealthy parents who claimed descent from Tyre ( Arabic صور Ṣūr, Phoenician Phoenician wawsvg|12px|ו]] Ṣur, Hebrew It is probable that he was born in Lemnos, studied and taught at Athens, and then settled in Rome (where he would naturally be called Atheniensis) as a member of the learned circle with which empress Julia Domna surrounded herself. Lemnos (Λήμνος is an island in the northern part of the Aegean Sea. Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's

He was born probably around 172, and is said by the Suda to have been living in the reign of emperor Philip the Arab (244 - 249). Events By Place Roman Empire Marcus Aurelius, as part of the pact signed with the Marcomanni, imports them to occupy areas of The Suda or Souda ( also, Suidas) is a massive 10th century Byzantine Greek historical encyclopedia of the ancient Mediterranean Marcus Julius Philippus or Philippus I Arabs (c 204 - 249 known in English as Philip the Arab or formerly (prior to World War II in Events By Place Roman Empire February 11 — Emperor Gordian III is killed by his Praetorian Prefect Philip the Events By Place Roman Empire Decius, who was proclaimed Emperor by the army in Moesia, defeats and kills Philip the Arab His death possibly occurred in Tyre circa 250 AD. Tyre ( Arabic صور Ṣūr, Phoenician Phoenician wawsvg|12px|ו]] Ṣur, Hebrew

There is a near consensus that Philostratus II was the author of the following four works:

The fact that the author of the Life of Apollonius is also the author of the Lives of the Sophists is confirmed by internal evidence. The Lives of the Sophists was to have an enormous impact upon later writers, particularly Neoplatonists.

Philostratus III

The works Heroicus and Imagines were traditionally attributed to Philostratus II, but are now more commonly attributed to Philostratus III. Imagines (meaning literally the image or face were Roman funerary masks thought to have been made of wax that were hung after the person's death in the atrium of their ancestral

Philostratus IV

Another volume of Imagines was composed by Philostratus IV (or by some later sophist). Of this work, the descriptions of pictures, 17 remain.

Ambiguities in attribution

There is great difficulty, due to a confused statement of the Suda in disentangling the works and even the personalities of these Philostrati. Reference is there made to Philostratus as the son of Verus, a rhetorician in Nero's time, who wrote tragedies, comedies and treatises. Verus may refer to Verus (senator (died 219 Roman centurion and senator Verus (gladiator, famous Roman gladiator Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ( December 15, 37 – June 9, 68) born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, also called The Suda thus appears to give to Philostratus the Athenian a life of 200 years! We must be content to assume two Lemnian Philostrati, both sophists, living in Rome. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2

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