- For other persons named Philip Morrison, see Phil Morrison. Phil or Philip Morrison is the name of several persons Phil Morrison (yachts (born 1946 British yacht designer Phil Morrison
| Philip Morrison | |
 |
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| Born | 7 November 1915 Somerville, New Jersey |
|---|---|
| Died | 22 April 2005 (aged 89) Cambridge, Massachusetts |
| Residence | United States |
| Nationality | American |
| Fields | Astrophysics |
| Institutions | San Francisco State University Illinois Manhattan Project Cornell MIT |
| Alma mater | Carnegie Tech Berkeley |
| Doctoral advisor | J. Robert Oppenheimer |
| Known for | SETI, science education |
| Notable awards | Babson Prize of the Gravity Foundation, Westinghouse Science Writing Award of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, |
Philip Morrison, (born 7 November 1915 in Somerville, New Jersey – died 22 April 2005 in Cambridge, Massachusetts) was Institute Professor Emeritus and Professor of Physics Emeritus at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat Year 1915 ( MCMXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Somerville is a borough in Somerset County, New Jersey, United States. Events 1500 - Portuguese Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Cambridge Massachusetts is a City in the Greater Boston area of Massachusetts, United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the San Francisco State University (informally referred to as San Francisco State, SF State, State and SFSU) is a public University This article is about the flagship campus For other uses and locations of University of Illinois, see University of Illinois (disambiguation The University of The World War II Manhattan Project developed the first Nuclear weapon (atomic bomb Alma mater is Latin for "nourishing mother" It was used in Ancient Rome as a title for the mother Goddess, and in Medieval This article is about a center of higher learning For the foundation which supports scientific research refer to the Carnegie Institution of Washington. The University of California Berkeley (also referred to as Cal, Berkeley and UC Berkeley) is a major research university located in Berkeley A doctorate is an Academic degree that indicates the highest level of academic achievement Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence ( SETI) is the collective name for a number of activities to detect intelligent Extraterrestrial life. The American Association for the Advancement of Science (or AAAS) is an organization that promotes cooperation between Scientists defends scientific freedom encourages Dickinson College is a private residential liberal arts college in Carlisle Pennsylvania. The New York Academy of Sciences is the third oldest scientific society in the United States The Andrew W Gemant Award is a prize awarded by the American Institute of Physics to a person who has made substantial cultural artistic or humanistic contributions to physics The American Institute of Physics (AIP is an international body representing Physicists and publishing physics related journals The Museum of Science ( MoS) is a Boston Massachusetts landmark located in Science Park a plot of land spanning the Charles River. Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat Year 1915 ( MCMXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Somerville is a borough in Somerset County, New Jersey, United States. Events 1500 - Portuguese Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Cambridge Massachusetts is a City in the Greater Boston area of Massachusetts, United States. The meaning of the word professor ( Latin: professor, person who professes to be an expert in some art or science teacher of highest rank) varies The meaning of the word professor ( Latin: professor, person who professes to be an expert in some art or science teacher of highest rank) varies Physics (Greek Physis - φύσις in everyday terms is the Science of Matter and its motion.
Morrison grew up in Pittsburgh and graduated from its public schools. He earned his B. S. in 1936 at the Carnegie Institute of Technology and in 1940 he earned his Ph. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This article is about a center of higher learning For the foundation which supports scientific research refer to the Carnegie Institution of Washington. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. D. in theoretical physics at the University of California, Berkeley, under the supervision of J. Robert Oppenheimer. Theoretical physics employs Mathematical models and Abstractions of Physics in an attempt to explain experimental data taken of the natural world The University of California Berkeley (also referred to as Cal, Berkeley and UC Berkeley) is a major research university located in Berkeley
In 1942 he joined the Manhattan Project as group leader and physicist at the laboratories of the University of Chicago and Los Alamos. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The World War II Manhattan Project developed the first Nuclear weapon (atomic bomb A physicist is a Scientist who studies or practices Physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning The University of Chicago is a Private university located principally in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL (previously known at various times as Site Y, Los Alamos Laboratory, and Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory) is a He was also an eyewitness to the Trinity test, and helped to transport its plutonium core to the test site. Trinity was the first test of technology for a Nuclear weapon.
After surveying the destruction left by the use of the atom bomb in Hiroshima, Morrison became a champion of nuclear nonproliferation. The Japanese city of ( is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture, and the largest city in the Chūgoku region of western Honshū, the largest of Japan 's He helped found the Federation of American Scientists, wrote for the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, and helped to found the Institute for Defense and Disarmament Studies. The Federation of American Scientists ( FAS) is a non-profit organization formed in 1945 by scientists from the Manhattan Project who felt that scientists engineers The Institute for Defense and Disarmament Studies is a US -based policy research and advocacy organization He was also a vocal critic of the Strategic Defense Initiative. The Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI was a proposal by US President Ronald Reagan on March 23, 1983 to use ground and space-based systems to protect
In May of 1953 Dr. Morrison testified before the Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act. When asked if he had ever been a member of the Communist Party (CPUSA), Morrison replied: "I joined the Young Communist League when I was 18, and when I was 21 (1936) I did become a member of the Communist party in Berkeley. A Political party described as a communist party includes those that advocate the application of the social principles of Communism through a communist form of The Young Communist League was or is the name used by the youth wing of various Communist parties around the world I don't remember precisely which branch. "
Morrison joined the physics faculty at Cornell University in 1946 and would move on to MIT in 1964. Physics (Greek Physis - φύσις in everyday terms is the Science of Matter and its motion. Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. In 1959, Morrison and Giuseppe Cocconi published a paper [1] proposing the potential of microwaves in the search for interstellar communications, a component of the modern SETI program. The year 1959 ( MCMLIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Giuseppe Cocconi (born 1914 is a Physicist who first proposed searching microwave Signals for Interstellar communication. Microwaves are electromagnetic waves with Wavelengths ranging from 1 mm to 1 m or frequencies between 0 Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence ( SETI) is the collective name for a number of activities to detect intelligent Extraterrestrial life.
Morrison was also known for his numerous books and television programs, including "Powers of Ten" and the 1987 PBS series The Ring of Truth, which he also hosted. Powers of Ten is a 1977 short Documentary film written and directed by Ray Eames and her husband Charles Eames. Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) The Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS) is a Non-profit Public broadcasting Television service with 354 member TV stations in the In addition, he was a reviewer of books on science for Scientific American since 1965. Scientific American is a Popular science magazine, published (first weekly and later monthly since August 28, 1845, making it
Morrison was a fellow of the American Physical Society and chairman of the Federation of American Scientists from 1973 to 1976. The American Physical Society was founded in 1899 and is the World 's second largest organization of physicists behind the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft. The Federation of American Scientists ( FAS) is a non-profit organization formed in 1945 by scientists from the Manhattan Project who felt that scientists engineers He was also a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the International Astronomical Union, the American Association of Physics Teachers, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Philosophical Society. The National Academy of Sciences (NAS is a corporation in the United States whose members serve Pro bono as "advisers to the nation on science The American Association of Physics Teachers was founded in 1930 for the purpose of "dissemination of knowledge of physics particularly by way of teaching The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS is an organization dedicated to scholarship and the advancement of learning The American Philosophical Society is a discussion group founded in 1743 by Benjamin Franklin as an offshoot of his earlier club the Junto.
The Astronomical Society of the Pacific gave him the Klumpke-Roberts Award in 1992. The Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP is a scientific and educational organization founded in San Francisco in 1889. The Klumpke-Roberts Award was established from a bequest by Astronomer Dorothea Klumpke-Roberts and recognizes outstanding contributions to the public understanding Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar)
Source
- Philip Morrison testimony, 7 and 8 May 1953, Subversive Influence in the Educational Process, United States Congress, Senate, Committee on the Judiciary, 83rd Congress, 1st Session, part 9, pgs. 899-919.
References
- ^ Cocconi, Giuseppi, and Morrison, Philip (1959, 19 September). "Searching for Interstellar Communications". Nature 184 (4690): 844-846.
External links
- Obituary of Philip Morrison from the MIT News Office
- Article Outlining Morrison's Life and Career
- Interview about the Manhattan Project for the WGBH series, War and Peace in the Nuclear Age
- Online web memorial to Phil and Phylis Morrison
- Annotated bibliography for Philip Morrison from the Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Morrison, Philip |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | American astrophysicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 7 November 1915 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Somerville, New Jersey |
| DATE OF DEATH | 22 April 2005 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | Cambridge, Massachusetts |
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