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Phi Gamma Delta
()
Phi Gamma Delta's Coat of Arms
Founded May 1, 1848 (1848-05-01) (age 160)
Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania
Type Social
Scope International
Flag of the United States United States
Flag of Canada Canada
Motto "Friendship, the sweetest influence. Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Washington & Jefferson College (W&J is a private coeducational liberal arts college located in the Pittsburgh metropolitan area in the city of Washington Canonsburg is a Borough in Washington County, Pennsylvania, 18 miles (29 km southwest of Pittsburgh. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page "
Colors Royal Purple
Symbol The Recognition Device
Flower Purple Clematis
Chapters 107, 7 colonies
Free label FIJI, Phi Gam
Headquarters 1201 Red Mile Rd
Lexington, Kentucky, USA
Homepage www.phigam.org

Phi Gamma Delta (also known as FIJI) is a collegiate social fraternity with 107 chapters and 7 colonies across the United States and Canada. Purple is a general term for the range of shades of Color occurring between Red and Blue. Clematis (from Ancient Greek klematis, a climbing plant probably periwinkle) is a Genus of mostly vigorous climbing Lianas A colony is a probationary body of a national fraternity or sorority. Lexington (officially Lexington-Fayette Urban County is the second-largest city in Kentucky and the 68th largest in the United States. The Commonwealth of Kentucky ( is a state located in the East Central United States of America. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Fraternities and sororities (from the Latin words la frater and la soror, meaning "brother" and "sister" respectively are fraternal It was founded at Jefferson College, Pennsylvania in 1848 and its headquarters are located in Lexington, Kentucky, USA. Washington & Jefferson College (W&J is a private coeducational liberal arts college located in the Pittsburgh metropolitan area in the city of Washington Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Lexington (officially Lexington-Fayette Urban County is the second-largest city in Kentucky and the 68th largest in the United States. The Commonwealth of Kentucky ( is a state located in the East Central United States of America. Phi Gamma Delta is a member of the North-American Interfraternity Conference and, along with the Fraternity of Phi Kappa Psi, forms the Jefferson Duo. Membership requirements Member The NIC membership requirements are detailed in the By-Laws of the North-American Interfraternity Conference Phi Kappa Psi (ΦΚΨ Phi Psi is a US national college fraternity. [1]


Contents

Origins of Phi Gamma Delta

Historical sketch of Jefferson College

In 1803 only a small percentage of Americans attended college. 1803 ( MDCCCIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a [2] Those who did had relatively few choices, especially in what was then the frontier lands of western Pennsylvania near Canonsburg. A frontier is a Political and Geographical term referring to areas near or beyond a boundary, or of a different nature The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern Canonsburg is a Borough in Washington County, Pennsylvania, 18 miles (29 km southwest of Pittsburgh. There a Presbyterian clergyman named John A. McMillan[3] (1752–1833) had just arrived from the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University) to begin his ministry. Year 1752 ( MDCCLII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar for European countries but not Great Britain) of Year 1833 ( MDCCCXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. [4] In the year 1776, McMillan, called the "Apostle of the West",[5] was called to take charge of all the lands west of the Allegheny Mountains. Year 1776 ( MDCCLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The Allegheny Mountain Range (also spelled Alleghany and Allegany) &mdash informally the Alleghenies &mdash is part of the vast Appalachian This he did, and soon after he established a Latin school in a small log cabin. Latin school was the grammar school of fourteenth to sixteenth century Europe A log cabin is a small house built from logs It is a fairly simple type of Log house. [6] This small school grew with time to become the Canonsburg Academy in 1791 and, by 1802, Jefferson College. Year 1791 ( MDCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1802 ( MDCCCII) was a Common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting on Wednesday of the [7]At the time, Jefferson College was one of the largest institutions of higher learning in North America, boasting 207 enrolled students and ten professors. [8] Thus the origins of Washington and Jefferson College, and Phi Gamma Delta, are inextricably linked to a log cabin on the Pennsylvania frontier. [9][10]

Founding of Phi Gamma Delta

On the night of Saturday, April 22, 1848 at Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, six college students gathered in a dormitory room (known by the students as "Fort Armstrong")[11] and determined to establish a secret society. Events 1500 - Portuguese Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil. Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Washington & Jefferson College (W&J is a private coeducational liberal arts college located in the Pittsburgh metropolitan area in the city of Washington Canonsburg is a Borough in Washington County, Pennsylvania, 18 miles (29 km southwest of Pittsburgh. [12] The society they formed is called the Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta. Fraternities and sororities (from the Latin words la frater and la soror, meaning "brother" and "sister" respectively are fraternal The founders, reverently referred to by Brothers today as the "Immortal Six", are John Templeton McCarty, Samuel Beatty Wilson, James Elliott, Jr., Ellis Bailey Gregg, Daniel Webster Crofts, and Naaman Fletcher. John Templeton McCarty ( August 28, 1828 – February 4, 1860) was one of the "Immortal Six" (founders of the fraternity Samuel Beatty Wilson ( February 20, 1824 - January 17, 1889) was one of founders (known as the 'Immortal Six' of the fraternity of James Elliott Jr ( December 6, 1824 - November 10, 1883) was one of founders (known as the 'Immortal Six' of the fraternity of Ellis Bailey Gregg ( August 17, 1827 - December 18, 1854) was one of founders (known as the 'Immortal Six' of the fraternity of Daniel Webster Crofts ( December 3, 1828 - January 1852 was one of founders (known as the 'Immortal Six' of the fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Naaman Fletcher ( February 27, 1824 &ndash December 20, 1864) was one of founders (known as the 'Immortal Six' of the fraternity [13] The first regular meeting of Phi Gamma Delta and the adoption of the Fraternity's Constitution took place on May 1, 1848. Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap [14] Consequently, May 1 was chosen to be "Founder's Day" at the 43rd Convention held in 1891 and has traditionally been celebrated as the founding date of the Fraternity ever since. Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. [15][16]

Immortal Six

The "Immortal Six" are the six men who founded the Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta. Each of them graduated from Jefferson College in 1848 except for Namaan Fletcher who graduated a year later in the class of 1849. Washington & Jefferson College (W&J is a private coeducational liberal arts college located in the Pittsburgh metropolitan area in the city of Washington [17]

John Templeton McCarty (1828 - 1860)
John Templeton McCarty (1828 - 1860)
Samuel Beatty Wilson (1824 - 1889)
Samuel Beatty Wilson (1824 - 1889)
James Elliott, Jr. (1824 - 1883)
James Elliott, Jr. (1824 - 1883)
Ellis Bailey Gregg (1827 - 1854)
Ellis Bailey Gregg (1827 - 1854)
Daniel Webster Crofts (1828 - 1852)
Daniel Webster Crofts (1828 - 1852)
Naaman Fletcher (1824 - 1864)
Naaman Fletcher (1824 - 1864)

Beliefs of Phi Gamma Delta

The rewards of membership extend far beyond one's college years through continued commitment to the values, the brothers, and the Educational Foundation. John Templeton McCarty ( August 28, 1828 – February 4, 1860) was one of the "Immortal Six" (founders of the fraternity Samuel Beatty Wilson ( February 20, 1824 - January 17, 1889) was one of founders (known as the 'Immortal Six' of the fraternity of James Elliott Jr ( December 6, 1824 - November 10, 1883) was one of founders (known as the 'Immortal Six' of the fraternity of Ellis Bailey Gregg ( August 17, 1827 - December 18, 1854) was one of founders (known as the 'Immortal Six' of the fraternity of Daniel Webster Crofts ( December 3, 1828 - January 1852 was one of founders (known as the 'Immortal Six' of the fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Naaman Fletcher ( February 27, 1824 &ndash December 20, 1864) was one of founders (known as the 'Immortal Six' of the fraternity This is why Fiji did not adopt the name "alumni. " Rather, post collegiate members are known as "Graduate Brothers," implying that membership extends far beyond the undergraduate experience. The commitment exemplifies another motto by which Phi Gams live, "Not For College Days Alone",[18] and an organization of fathers and sons within Phi Gamma Delta known as "Sires and Sons". [19]

Mission statement

"Phi Gamma Delta exists to promote lifelong friendships, to reaffirm high ethical standards and values, and to foster personal development in the pursuit of excellence. Phi Gamma Delta is committed to provide opportunities to each brother to develop responsibility, leadership, scholarship and social skills in order to become a fully contributing member of society. "[20]

The values

We are united by Friendship. It is the basis of our brotherhood. Because of it, we accomplish far more than we do as individuals. Friendship is the sweetest influence. [21][22]

We promote the pursuit of Knowledge. It is the key to a fuller, richer life. We gain it through education, the harmonious development of the powers of the individual. [23][24]

We encourage Service. We have the ability, the opportunity, and the duty to serve our fellow human beings. Our reward is the satisfaction that comes from serving. [25][26]

We believe in Morality. As gentlemen of quality we must do what is right as individuals and as a group. Moral behavior is the basis of our society’s existence. [27][28]

We strive for Excellence. It is attained only when we fulfill our total potential. Mankind benefits when each of us becomes all that we can be. [29][30]

Priorities of a Phi Gamma Delta

A brother of Phi Gamma Delta has his life ordered by three priorities:[31]

Practices and Customs of Phi Gamma Delta

Use of Greek letters and origins of the 'Fiji' nickname

Phi Gamma Delta limits the written dislay of its Greek letters. The Greek alphabet (Ελληνικό αλφάβητο is a set of twenty-four letters that has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th or early [32] In accordance with the fraternity's international bylaws, Fiji chapters and members only portray their letters in the following seven locations:[33]

The fraternity's letters are, thus, considered sacred and are never to be displayed on an object that can be easily destroyed. Whereas other fraternities often display their letters on clothing or other items, this tradition prevents Fijis from doing so. In place of the actual Greek letters, "Fiji," "Phi Gam," or the English spelling of "Phi Gamma Delta" are used in their place.

The nickname 'Fiji'

Fiji, a nickname started at New York University, was officially adopted by the national fraternity in 1894 in the belief that the term would be distinctive and appeal to the imagination. [34] Prior to its formal appropriation by the organization at large, nicknames for members of the fraternity varied greatly; ranging from "Phi Gamm" (note the two m's) and "Delta" by brothers across the nation, "Fee Gee" in New York, and "Gammas" in the South. [35] As of now though, "Fiji" and "Phi Gam" are considered the only appropriate nicknames for Phi Gamma Delta members on the international scale, though local nicknames related to a chapter's Greek name or other colloquialisms do exist. [36]

How Phi Gamma Delta is organized

The organization of Phi Gamma Delta page outlines the internal structure of Phi Gamma Delta in detail.
The fraternity is composed of chapters of two types. Most chapters serve primarily undergraduate students and are established at a single college or university . There are also chapters to serve members of the fraternity who have graduated from college and are established to serve a city or larger region. The chapters are governed by the fraternity's international headquarters in Lexington, Kentucky.

Honors and awards within Phi Gamma Delta

Phi Gamma Delta recognizes the many accomplishments of its various chapters and individual undergraduate and graduate Brothers in many ways. The Honors and awards within Phi Gamma Delta list describes each of them. The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta recognizes the many accomplishments of its various chapters and individual undergraduate and graduate Brothers in many ways

Pig Dinner

Norris Pig Dinner is an annual alumni dinner held by some Phi Gamma Delta chapters. The dinner is named for author Frank Norris, a member of the Fiji chapter at the University of California. Benjamin Franklin Norris Jr ( March 5 1870 – October 25 1902) was an American novelist during the Progressive Era, writing Pig Dinner is sanctioned by the International Fraternity and it serves to welcome graduate brothers back to their undergraduate chapters.

The International Fraternity stores a list of annual Pig Dinners [1]

Sweetwater

After graduating from Jefferson College in June of 1848 and studying law in Indiana, John T. McCarty headed west along the California Trail during the Gold Rush. The California Trail was a major overland Emigrant route across the Western United States from Missouri to California in the middle 19th A gold rush is a period of feverish migration of workers into the area of a dramatic discovery of commercial quantities of Gold. He left in the spring of 1849 and along the trail, near the continental divide in what is today Wyoming, one of the most amazing incidents in Phi Gamma Delta's early history occurred. A continental divide is a line of elevated Terrain which forms a border between two watersheds such that Water falling on one side of the line eventually The State of Wyoming ( is a sparsely populated state in the western region of the United States. McCarty met Bolivar G. Krepps[37] (Jefferson College, 1849), a member of Phi Gamma Delta whom McCarty had never previously met. The two had attended Jefferson College but Krepps was initiated into Phi Gamma Delta after McCarty had graduated. Yet, on July 7, 1849 here they stood, on the banks of the Sweetwater River, by complete coincidence. Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death Year 1849 ( MDCCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Sweetwater River is a tributary of the North Platte River, approximately 150 mi (241 km long in the U Both had decided to go West independently to seek their fortunes and, at a time when the total number of Phi Gamma Delta initiates was 25, two of them were shaking hands and drinking a toast to the "Delta Association", as it was known then, and to all Brothers who should live after them. [38]

Founding of Kappa Alpha Theta

Fijis at the Lambda chapter at Indiana Asbury University (now known as DePauw University) played an important role in the founding of Kappa Alpha Theta women's fraternity. DePauw University in Greencastle Indiana, USA is a private national liberal arts college with an enrollment of approximately 2400 students Kappa Alpha Theta ( ΚΑΘ) is an international women's fraternity founded on January 27, 1870 at DePauw University. Bettie Locke, the sister of George W. Locke (DePauw, 1871), was one of the first women enrolled at DePauw. [39] Bettie had many Fiji friends and one of them asked her to wear his badge. [40] She contended that she would do so only if she knew the secrets behind the letters. [41] The Fijis, after considerable debate, declined to initiate her. [42] So, upon suggestion of her father, Dr. John Wesley Locke, a Beta Theta Pi, she formed Kappa Alpha Theta with Alice Allen, Bettie Tipton and Hannah Fitch; four of just a handful of women enrolled at DePauw at the time. [43] Kappa Alpha Theta made its debut on January 27, 1870, making it the first Greek-letter fraternity established for women. Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva. Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Fijis, in a spirit of friendship and appreciation, later presented Bettie Locke with an engraved silver cake basket. [44]

Images of Phi Gamma Delta

The Recognition Symbol of Phi Gamma Delta
The Recognition Symbol of Phi Gamma Delta
The Snowy Owl is the Mascot of Phi Gamma Delta.
The Snowy Owl is the Mascot of Phi Gamma Delta. The Snowy Owl ( Bubo scandiacus) is a large Owl of the Typical owl family Strigidae

Notable Fijis

Main article: List of notable Fijis

Chapters

Links to many of the undergraduate chapters have been compiled on the List of Phi Gamma Delta Chapters page. As of May 9 2008 there are 107 active undergraduate chapters of Phi Gamma Delta and 7 colonies Chapters 1848 - Alpha

References

  1. ^ "North American College Fraternities: The 'Jefferson Duo'", page 68. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  2. ^ Census Data for the Year 1800. Retrieved on 2007-08-31. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1056 - Byzantine Empress Theodora becomes ill dying suddenly a few days later without children to succeed the Throne
  3. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: Chartiers Church and John McMillan Grave. Retrieved on 2007-08-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River
  4. ^ "The Phi Gamma Delta Story: The 'Apostle of the West'", page 811. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  5. ^ "The Phi Gamma Delta Story: The 'Apostle of the West'", page 81. The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  6. ^ "The Phi Gamma Delta Story: Old Jefferson College", page 81. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  7. ^ "The Phi Gamma Delta Story: Old Jefferson College", pages 81-82. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  8. ^ "The Phi Gamma Delta Story: Old Jefferson College", page 82. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  9. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: The Log Cabin. Retrieved on 2007-08-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River
  10. ^ "The Phi Gamma Delta Story: Old Jefferson College", pages 79-83. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  11. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: Fort Armstrong. Retrieved on 2007-08-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River
  12. ^ "The Phi Gamma Delta Story: The Founding of Phi Gamma Delta", page 85. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  13. ^ "The Phi Gamma Delta Story: The Immortal Six", pages 85-92. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  14. ^ "The Phi Gamma Delta Story: The Founding of Phi Gamma Delta", page 84. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  15. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: Record of Conventions and Ekklesiai. Retrieved on 2007-08-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River
  16. ^ "Fiji Heritage - Customs and Traditions: Founders Day", page 121. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  17. ^ "The Phi Gamma Delta Story: The Founding of Phi Gamma Delta", page 84. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  18. ^ "The Not for College Days Alone", page 177. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  19. ^ "Not for College Days Alone: Sires and Sons", pages 183-184. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  20. ^ "The Mission of Phi Gamma Delta", page 5. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  21. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: About Phi Gamma Delta. Retrieved on 2007-08-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River
  22. ^ "The Values of Phi Gamma Delta: Friendship", page 41. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  23. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: About Phi Gamma Delta. Retrieved on 2007-08-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River
  24. ^ "The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  25. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: About Phi Gamma Delta. Retrieved on 2007-08-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River
  26. ^ "The Values of Phi Gamma Delta: Service", page 49. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  27. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: About Phi Gamma Delta. Retrieved on 2007-08-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River
  28. ^ "The Values of Phi Gamma Delta: Morality", page 53. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  29. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: About Phi Gamma Delta. Retrieved on 2007-08-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River
  30. ^ "The Values of Phi Gamma Delta: Excellence", page 57. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  31. ^ "Scholarship - a Phi Gam's Top Priority", page 135. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  32. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: Our Greek Letters. Retrieved on 2007-08-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 475 - The Roman General Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his Capital
  33. ^ "Greek Letters", pages 123-124. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  34. ^ "Fiji Heritage - Customs and Traditions: Origins of 'Fiji'", page 119. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  35. ^ "Fiji Heritage - Customs and Traditions: Origins of 'Fiji'", page 119. The Purple Pilgrim: The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta Guide to Brotherhood. 2004
  36. ^ "The Origins of 'Fiji'", page 140. The Purple Pilgrim: A Manual for the Education of the Pledges of the Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta. 1984
  37. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: Photograph of Bolivar G. Krepps. Retrieved on 2007-08-25. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1248 - The Dutch city of Ommen receives city rights and fortification rights from Otto III the
  38. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: Bolivar G. Krepps. Retrieved on 2007-08-25. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1248 - The Dutch city of Ommen receives city rights and fortification rights from Otto III the
  39. ^ DePauw University: A Pictorial History. Retrieved on 2007-08-31. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1056 - Byzantine Empress Theodora becomes ill dying suddenly a few days later without children to succeed the Throne
  40. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: Phi Gamma Delta and Kappa Alpha Theta. Retrieved on 2007-08-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 479 BC - Greco-Persian Wars: Persian forces led by Mardonius are routed by Pausanias, the Spartan
  41. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: Phi Gamma Delta and Kappa Alpha Theta. Retrieved on 2007-08-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 479 BC - Greco-Persian Wars: Persian forces led by Mardonius are routed by Pausanias, the Spartan
  42. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: Phi Gamma Delta and Kappa Alpha Theta. Retrieved on 2007-08-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 479 BC - Greco-Persian Wars: Persian forces led by Mardonius are routed by Pausanias, the Spartan
  43. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: Phi Gamma Delta and Kappa Alpha Theta. Retrieved on 2007-08-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 479 BC - Greco-Persian Wars: Persian forces led by Mardonius are routed by Pausanias, the Spartan
  44. ^ Phi Gamma Delta: Phi Gamma Delta and Kappa Alpha Theta. Retrieved on 2007-08-31. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1056 - Byzantine Empress Theodora becomes ill dying suddenly a few days later without children to succeed the Throne

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