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Peter Grünberg

Born 18 May 1939 (1939-05-18) (age 69)
Pilsen, Germany
Nationality German
Fields Physics
Institutions Carleton University
Jülich Research Centre
University of Cologne
Alma mater Darmstadt University of Technology
Doctoral advisor Stefan Hüfner
Known for Giant magnetoresistive effect
Notable awards Wolf Prize in Physics (2006)
European Inventor of the Year (2006)
Japan Prize 2007
Nobel Prize in Physics (2007)
Religious stance Christian[1]

Peter Andreas Grünberg (May 18, 1939) is a German physicist, and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his coincidental discovery with Albert Fert of giant magnetoresistance which brought about a breakthrough in gigabyte hard disk drives. Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Physics (Greek Physis - φύσις in everyday terms is the Science of Matter and its motion. This article is about the university in Ottawa Ontario Canada Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH ( Jülich Research Centre Ltd) is a member of the Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft or Hermann von Helmholtz Association of National Research The University of Cologne ( German Universität zu Köln) is one of the oldest universities in Europe and with over 44000 students one Alma mater is Latin for "nourishing mother" It was used in Ancient Rome as a title for the mother Goddess, and in Medieval The Darmstadt University of Technology, whose official name (also its official English name) is "Technische Universität Darmstadt" (abbreviated TU Darmstadt) in A doctorate is an Academic degree that indicates the highest level of academic achievement Giant magnetoresistance (GMR is a quantum mechanical effect a type of Magnetoresistance effect observed in thin film structures composed of alternating Ferromagnetic The European Inventor of the Year awards are presented annually by the European Patent Office and the European Commission 's DG Enterprise and Industry The Japan Prize (日本国際賞 is awarded to people from all parts of the world whose "original and outstanding achievements in science and technology are recognized as having advanced The Nobel Prize in Physics (Nobelpriset i fysik is awarded once a year by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. A physicist is a Scientist who studies or practices Physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning The Nobel Prize in Physics (Nobelpriset i fysik is awarded once a year by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The Nobel Prize (Nobelpriset (Nobelprisen is a Swedish prize established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Peace, Literature Albert Fert (born March 7 1938) is a French physicist and one of the discoverers of Giant magnetoresistance which brought about Giant magnetoresistance (GMR is a quantum mechanical effect a type of Magnetoresistance effect observed in thin film structures composed of alternating Ferromagnetic A gigabyte (derived from the SI prefix Giga-) is a unit of Information or Computer A hard disk drive ( HDD) commonly referred to as a hard drive, hard disk, or fixed disk drive, is a Non-volatile storage device [2]

Contents

Biography

Grünberg was born in Pilsen, Bohemia, which at the time was in the Nazi-occupied Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (now the Czech Republic) to the family of Fjodor Grinberg. Bohemia (Čechy; Bohemia Czechy is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands, currently the The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (Reichsprotektorat Böhmen und Mähren Protektorát Čechy a Morava was the majority ethnic-Czech Protectorate which The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, His father changed his name from Grinberg to Grünberg in 1941.

After staying for some time in the Petermann[3] house in Untersekerschan[4], the rest of the Grünberg family, like the rest of the German-speaking majority of Pilsen, was expelled by the Czech government by means of the Beneš decrees after World War II. The Beneš decrees is a current popular term (officially they are called Decrees of the President of the Republic - dekrety presidenta republiky) for a series of World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including They came to Lauterbach, Hesse together with his mother (who died in 2002 aged 100)[5] and sister, where he attended gymnasium. Lauterbach is a town in the Vogelsbergkreis district of the federal state of Hesse in central Germany. The Gymnasium is the classical higher or secondary schools of Germany for gifted students [6]

Grünberg received his intermediate diploma in 1962 from the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University. The Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (also known as Frankfurt University) was founded in 1914 as a Citizens' University which means that while it was He then attended the Darmstadt University of Technology in Germany, where he received his diploma in physics in 1966 and his Ph. The Darmstadt University of Technology, whose official name (also its official English name) is "Technische Universität Darmstadt" (abbreviated TU Darmstadt) in D. in 1969. From 1969-1972, he did postdoctoral work at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. This article is about the university in Ottawa Ontario Canada Ottawa (ˈɒtəwə or sometimes /ˈɒtəwɑː/ is the Capital of Canada and the country's fourth largest municipality. He later joined the Institute for Solid State Physics at the Jülich Research Centre, where he became a leading researcher in the field of thin film and multilayer magnetism until his retirement in 2004. Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH ( Jülich Research Centre Ltd) is a member of the Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft or Hermann von Helmholtz Association of National Research [6]

Important work

In 1986 he discovered the antiparallel exchange coupling between ferromagnetic layers separated by a thin non-ferromagnetic layer, and in 1988 he discovered the Giant magnetoresistive effect (GMR). Ferromagnetism is the basic mechanism by which certain materials (such as Iron) form Permanent magnets and/or exhibit strong interactions with Magnets it Giant magnetoresistance (GMR is a quantum mechanical effect a type of Magnetoresistance effect observed in thin film structures composed of alternating Ferromagnetic [7] GMR was simultaneously and independently discovered by Albert Fert from the Université de Paris Sud. Albert Fert (born March 7 1938) is a French physicist and one of the discoverers of Giant magnetoresistance which brought about Paris-Sud 11 University ( ( Université Paris-Sud 11) is a French university distributed among several campuses in the southern suburb of Paris (including It has been used extensively in read heads of modern hard drives. A hard disk drive ( HDD) commonly referred to as a hard drive, hard disk, or fixed disk drive, is a Non-volatile storage device Another application of the GMR effect is non-volatile, magnetic random access memory. Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory ( MRAM) is a non-volatile computer memory ( NVRAM) technology which has been under development since

Apart from the Nobel Prize, Grünberg's work also has been rewarded with shared prizes in the APS International Prize for New Materials, the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics Magnetism Award, the Hewlett-Packard Europhysics Prize, the Wolf Prize in Physics and the 2007 Japan Prize. The Japan Prize (日本国際賞 is awarded to people from all parts of the world whose "original and outstanding achievements in science and technology are recognized as having advanced He won the German Future Prize for Technology and Innovation in 1998 and was named European Inventor of the Year[8] in the category "Universities and research institutions" by the European Patent Office and European Commission in 2006. The European Inventor of the Year awards are presented annually by the European Patent Office and the European Commission 's DG Enterprise and Industry

Selected publications

References

  1. ^ Translated from German: Yes, I believe in god.
  2. ^ The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007. The Nobel Foundation. Retrieved on 2007-10-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 768 - Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned Kings of The Franks.
  3. ^ http://www.westboehmen.de/untersekerschan2.jpg
  4. ^ http://www.westboehmen.de/untersekerschan.jpg
  5. ^ Nobelpreisträger Grünberg aus Pilsen
  6. ^ a b Curriculum Vitae. Jülich Research Centre. Retrieved on 2007-10-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 768 - Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned Kings of The Franks.
  7. ^ G. Binasch; P. Grünberg; F. Saurenbach; W. Zinn (1989). "Enhanced magnetoresistance in layered magnetic structures with antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange" (abstract). Phys. Rev. B 39 (7): 4828-4830. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.39.4828. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.  
  8. ^ European Inventor of the Year 2006 in the category "Universities and research institutions"

External links

Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH ( Jülich Research Centre Ltd) is a member of the Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft or Hermann von Helmholtz Association of National Research
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