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Peroneus longus
Lateral aspect of right leg.
Peroneus longus labeled very right
Latin musculus peroneus longus
Gray's subject #129 486
Origin fibula
Insertion    first metatarsal, medial cuneiform
Artery: fibular (peroneal) artery
Nerve: Superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve
Action: plantarflexion, eversion
Antagonist: Tibialis anterior muscle
Dorlands
/Elsevier		 m_22/12549005

In human anatomy, the peroneus longus (also known as fibularis longus) is a superficial muscle in the lateral compartment of the leg, and acts to evert and plantar flex the ankle. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. A typical Adult Human skeleton commonly consists of 206 208 or more bones depending on the method used in counting For other uses see Fibula (disambiguation The fibula or calf bone is a Bone located on the lateral side of the Tibia A typical Adult Human skeleton commonly consists of 206 208 or more bones depending on the method used in counting The first metatarsal bone is the bone in the body of the foot just behind the big toe The medial cuneiform (also known as first cuneiform) is the largest of the cuneiforms. Arteries are Blood vessels that carry blood away from the Heart. In Anatomy, the fibular artery (also known as the peroneal artery) supplies blood to the Lateral compartment of the leg and is typically a branch of Accessory nerve Accessory obturator nerve Alderman's nerve Anococcygeal nerve Ansa The superficial fibular nerve (also known as the superficial peroneal nerve innervates the Fibularis longus and Fibularis brevis muscles and the skin over the greater part of Kinesiology, also known as Human Kinetics, is the science of human movement Plantarflexion is the movement which increases the angle between the Foot and the Leg, as when depressing an Automobile pedal. Eversion is the movement of the Sole of the foot away from the Median plane. An antagonist is a classification used to describe a Muscle that acts in opposition to the specific movement generated by the agonist and is responsible for In human anatomy the tibialis anterior is a Muscle in the shin that spans the length of the Tibia. Elsevier, the world's largest Publisher of Medical and Scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group Muscle (from Latin musculus, diminutive of mus "mouse" is contractile tissue of the body and is derived from the On the Human body, the limbs can be divided into segments such as the Arm and the Forearm of the Upper limb, and the Thigh and the Plantarflexion is the movement which increases the angle between the Foot and the Leg, as when depressing an Automobile pedal. In Human anatomy, the ankle Joint is formed where the Foot and the leg meet

It is situated at the upper part of the lateral side of the leg, and is the most superficial of the three peroneus muscles. The fibularis muscles (also peronæus) are a group of three muscles fibularis (peronæus longus brevis and tertius originating on the Fibula and inserting on the

It is innervated by the superficial fibular nerve (superficial peroneal nerve). The superficial fibular nerve (also known as the superficial peroneal nerve innervates the Fibularis longus and Fibularis brevis muscles and the skin over the greater part of

Contents

Etymology

The terms Peroneus (i. e. , Longus and Brevis) and Peroneal (i. e. , Artery, Retinaculum) are derived from the Greek word Perone (pronounced Pair-uh-knee) meaning pin of a brooch or a buckle. In medical terminology, both terms refer to being of or relating to the fibula or to the outer portion of the leg.

Origin and insertion

It is attached proximally to the head of the fibula and its 'belly' runs down most of this bone. The upper extremity or head of the Fibula is of an irregular quadrate form presenting above a flattened articular surface directed upward forward and medialward for articulation It becomes a tendon that goes posteriorly around the lateral malleolus of the ankle, then continues under the foot to attach to the 1st metatarsal. The lower extremity ( distal extremity; external malleolus) of the Fibula is of a pyramidal form and somewhat flattened from side to side it descends In Human anatomy, the ankle Joint is formed where the Foot and the leg meet The metatarsus consists of the five long Bones of the Foot, which are numbered from the medial side ( ossa metatarsalia I

It arises from the head and upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the body of the fibula, from the deep surface of the fascia, and from the intermuscular septa between it and the muscles on the front and back of the leg; occasionally also by a few fibers from the lateral condyle of the tibia. The tibia, shinbone, or shankbone is the larger and stronger of the two Bones in the Leg below the Knee in vertebrates and connects Between its attachments to the head and to the body of the fibula there is a gap through which the common peroneal nerve passes to the front of the leg.

It ends in a long tendon, which runs behind the lateral malleolus, in a groove common to it and the tendon of the Peronæus brevis; the groove is converted into a canal by the superior peroneal retinaculum, and the tendons in it are contained in a common mucous sheath. The lower extremity ( distal extremity; external malleolus) of the Fibula is of a pyramidal form and somewhat flattened from side to side it descends The peroneus brevis muscle (or fibularis brevis) lies under cover of the Peroneus longus, and is a shorter and smaller muscle

The tendon then extends obliquely forward across the lateral side of the calcaneus, below the trochlear process, and the tendon of the peroneus brevis, and under cover of the inferior peroneal retinaculum. The two oblique grooves of the lateral surface of the Calcaneus are separated by an elevated ridge or tubercle the trochlear process ( peroneal tubercle, or The peroneus brevis muscle (or fibularis brevis) lies under cover of the Peroneus longus, and is a shorter and smaller muscle The peroneal retinacula (singular peroneal retinaculum) are fibrous bands which bind down the tendons of the Peronæi longus and brevis as they run across the lateral

It crosses the lateral side of the cuboid, and then runs on the under surface of that bone in a groove which is converted into a canal by the long plantar ligament; the tendon then crosses the sole of the foot obliquely, and is inserted into the lateral side of the base of the first metatarsal bone and the lateral side of the medial cuneiform. The cuboid Bone is one of seven tarsal bones Articulations Distally, the Cuboid articulates with the fourth and Fifth The long plantar ligament ( long calcaneocuboid ligament; superficial long plantar ligament) is a long ligament on the underside of the foot that connects the The metatarsus consists of the five long Bones of the Foot, which are numbered from the medial side ( ossa metatarsalia I

Occasionally it sends a slip to the base of the second metatarsal bone. The metatarsus consists of the five long Bones of the Foot, which are numbered from the medial side ( ossa metatarsalia I

The tendon changes its direction at two points: first, behind the lateral malleolus; secondly, on the cuboid bone; in both of these situations the tendon is thickened, and, in the latter, a sesamoid fibrocartilage (sometimes a bone), is usually developed in its substance.

Actions

The Peronæi longus and brevis extend the foot upon the leg, in conjunction with the Tibialis posterior, antagonizing the Tibialis anterior and Peronæus tertius, which are flexors of the foot.

The Peronæus longus also everts the sole of the foot, and from the oblique direction of the tendon across the sole of the foot is an important agent in the maintenance of the transverse arch.

Taking their fixed points below, the Peronæi serve to steady the leg upon the foot.

This is especially the case in standing upon one leg, when the tendency of the superincumbent weight is to throw the leg medialward; the Peronæus longus overcomes this tendency by drawing on the lateral side of the leg.

Additional images

Bones of the right leg. Anterior surface.

Left calcaneus, inferior surface.

Left calcaneus, lateral surface.

Coronal section through right talocrural and talocalcaneal joints.

Cross-section through middle of leg.

The popliteal, posterior tibial, and peroneal arteries.

Deep nerves of the front of the leg.

Back of left lower extremity.

See also

External links

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. The peroneus brevis muscle (or fibularis brevis) lies under cover of the Peroneus longus, and is a shorter and smaller muscle The peroneus tertius (also known as fibularis tertius) is a Muscle of the Human body located in the lower limb GPnotebook is a British medical database for General practitioners (GPs Loyola University Chicago is a private co-educational Jesuit university established in Chicago in 1870 as Saint Ignatius College The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, better known as SUNY Downstate Medical Center, is an academic medical center and is the only one of its kind eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996 by Scott Plantz and Richard Lavely two medical doctors The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body (or Gray's Anatomy as it has commonly been shortened is an English-language Human anatomy Textbook As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.

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