Citizendia
Your Ad Here

Pentium II
Central processing unit

A Slot 1 Pentium II – front view
Produced: From mid 1997 to early 1999
Manufacturer: Intel
Max CPU clock: 233 MHz to 450 MHz
FSB speeds: 66 MHz to 100 MHz
Min feature size: 0. Slot 1 refers to the physical and electrical specification for the connector used by some of Intel 's microprocessors including the Celeron, Pentium II The hertz (symbol Hz) is a measure of Frequency, informally defined as the number of events occurring per Second. The hertz (symbol Hz) is a measure of Frequency, informally defined as the number of events occurring per Second. In Personal computers the Front Side Bus ( FSB) is the bus that carries data between the CPU and the northbridge. The hertz (symbol Hz) is a measure of Frequency, informally defined as the number of events occurring per Second. The hertz (symbol Hz) is a measure of Frequency, informally defined as the number of events occurring per Second. 35 Âµm to 0. A micrometre ( American spelling: micrometer; symbol µm) is one millionth of a Metre, or equivalently one thousandth of a Millimetre 25 Âµm
Instruction set: x86, MMX
Microarchitecture: P6
Cores: 1
Sockets:
Core names:
  • Klamath
  • Deschutes
  • Tonga
  • Dixon
Intel Pentium II Logo
Intel Pentium II Logo

The Pentium II[1] brand refers to Intel's sixth-generation microarchitecture ("Intel P6") and x86-compatible microprocessors introduced on May 7, 1997. An instruction set is a list of all the instructions and all their variations that a processor can execute MMX is a single instruction multiple data (SIMD Instruction set designed by Intel, introduced in 1997 in their Pentium line of In Computer engineering, microarchitecture (sometime abbreviated to µarch or uarch is a description of the Electrical circuitry of a Computer, Central The P6 Microarchitecture is the sixth generation Intel X86 Microprocessor architecture released in 1995. A multi-core processor (or chip-level multiprocessor, CMP) combines two or more independent cores into a single package composed of a single Integrated Slot 1 refers to the physical and electrical specification for the connector used by some of Intel 's microprocessors including the Celeron, Pentium II Mobile Module 1 (MMC-1, is a 280-pin microprocessor cartridge developed by Intel for used by their mobile Pentium, Pentium MMX Pentium II and Celeron Mobile Module 2, Intel's 400 pin processor cartridge used with Pentium II, Celeron and Pentium III mobile processors The Mini-Cartridge or Mobile Mini-Cartridge was Intel 's 240-pin Multi-chip module for their mobile Pentium II processors The Pentium II brand refers to Intel 's sixth-generation Microarchitecture (" Intel P6 " and x86 -compatible Microprocessors In Computer engineering, microarchitecture (sometime abbreviated to µarch or uarch is a description of the Electrical circuitry of a Computer, Central The P6 Microarchitecture is the sixth generation Intel X86 Microprocessor architecture released in 1995. See also X86 assembly language The generic term x86 refers to the most commercially successful Instruction set architecture in the history of Personal A microprocessor incorporates most or all of the functions of a Central processing unit (CPU on a single Integrated Events 558 - In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Containing 7. 5 million transistors, the Pentium II featured an improved version of the first P6-generation core of the Pentium Pro CPUs, which contained 5. In Electronics, a transistor is a Semiconductor device commonly used to amplify or switch electronic signals The Pentium Pro is a sixth-generation X86 -based Microprocessor developed and manufactured by Intel introduced in November 1995 5 million transistors. In early 1999, the Pentium II was superseded by the Pentium III. Pentium III variants Katmai The first Pentium III variant was the Katmai (Intel product code 80525

In 1998, Intel stratified the Pentium II family by releasing the Pentium II-based Celeron line of processors for low-end workstations and the Pentium II Xeon line for servers and high-end workstations. The Celeron brand is a range of X86 CPUs from Intel targeted at budget/value Personal computers €”with the motto "delivering great quality The Xeon brand refers to many families of Intel 's x86 Multiprocessing CPUs – for dual-processor (DP and multi-processor (MP configuration The Celeron was characterized by a reduced or omitted (in some cases present but disabled) on-die full-speed L2 cache and a 66 MT/s FSB. The Xeon was characterized by a range of full-speed L2 cache (from 512 KiB to 2048 KiB), a 100 MT/s FSB, a different physical interface (Slot 2), and support for symmetric multiprocessing. Slot 2 refers to the physical and electrical specification for the 330-lead edge-connector used by some of Intel 's Pentium II Xeon and certain models of the In Computing, symmetric multiprocessing or SMP involves a Multiprocessor computer-architecture where two or more identical processors can connect to a single


Contents

Overview

The Pentium II microprocessor was largely based upon the microarchitecture of its predecessor, the Pentium Pro, but with some significant improvements. In Computer engineering, microarchitecture (sometime abbreviated to µarch or uarch is a description of the Electrical circuitry of a Computer, Central The Pentium Pro is a sixth-generation X86 -based Microprocessor developed and manufactured by Intel introduced in November 1995

Unlike previous Pentium and Pentium Pro processors, the Pentium II CPU was packaged in a slot-based module rather than a CPU socket. Slot 1 refers to the physical and electrical specification for the connector used by some of Intel 's microprocessors including the Celeron, Pentium II A CPU socket or CPU slot is a connector on a computer's Motherboard that accepts a CPU and forms an electrical interface with it The processor and associated components were carried on a daughterboard similar to a typical expansion board within a plastic cartridge. A daughterboard or daughtercard is a Circuit board meant to be an extension or "daughter" of a Motherboard (or 'mainboard' or occasionally another A fixed or removable heatsink was carried on one side, sometimes using its own fan. A heat sink (or heatsink) is an environment or object that absorbs and dissipates heat from another object using Thermal contact (either direct or radiant [2]

This larger package was a compromise allowing Intel to separate the secondary cache from the processor while still keeping it on a closely coupled backside bus. In Personal computer Microprocessor architecture a back side bus ( BSB) or backside bus, is a Computer bus used to connect the The L2 cache ran at half the processor's clock frequency, unlike the Pentium Pro, whose off die L2 cache ran at the same frequency as the processor. However, the smallest cache size was increased to 512 KiB from the 256 KiB on the Pentium Pro. Off-package cache solved the Pentium Pro's low yields, allowing Intel to introduce the Pentium II at a mainstream price level. [3][4] This arrangement also allowed Intel to easily vary the amount of L2 cache, thus making it possible to target different market segments with cheaper or more expensive processors and accompanying performance levels.

Intel notably improved 16-bit code execution performance on Pentium II, an area in which Pentium Pro was at a notable handicap. Most consumer software of the day was still using at least some 16-bit code, because of a variety of factors. The Pentium II went to 32 KiB of L1 cache, double that of Pentium Pro, as well. Pentium II is also the first P6-based CPU to implement the Intel MMX integer SIMD instruction set which had already been introduced on the Pentium MMX. MMX is a single instruction multiple data (SIMD Instruction set designed by Intel, introduced in 1997 in their Pentium line of In Computing, SIMD ( S ingle I nstruction M ultiple D ata is a technique employed to achieve data level parallelism as in a Vector The Pentium brand refers to Intel 's single-core x86 Microprocessor based on the P5 fifth-generation Microarchitecture. [3]

Pentium II is basically a more consumer-oriented version of the Pentium Pro. It was cheaper to manufacture because of the separate, slower L2 cache memory. The improved 16-bit performance and MMX support made it a better choice for consumer-level operating systems, such as Windows 9x, and multimedia applications. Windows 9x is the family of Microsoft Windows Operating systems that comprises the hybrid 16/32-bit Windows versions Windows 95, Windows 98 Combined with the larger L1 cache and improved 16-bit performance, the slower and cheaper L2 cache's performance impact was reduced. General processor performance was increased while costs were cut. [3][5]

Variants

Klamath

The original Klamath Pentium II microprocessor (Intel product code 80522) ran at 233 and 266 MHz and were produced in a 0. The hertz (symbol Hz) is a measure of Frequency, informally defined as the number of events occurring per Second. 35 µm process. A micrometre ( American spelling: micrometer; symbol µm) is one millionth of a Metre, or equivalently one thousandth of a Millimetre [6][3] A 300 MHz version was released later in 1997. [6] These CPUs worked with a 66 MHz front side bus and initially were used on motherboards equipped with the aging Intel 440FX Natoma Pentium Pro chipset. In Personal computers the Front Side Bus ( FSB) is the bus that carries data between the CPU and the northbridge. This is a list of Computer Motherboard Chipsets made by Intel. [7]

In Intel's "Family/Model/Stepping" scheme, Klamath CPUs are family 6, model 3.

Deschutes

The Deschutes core Pentium II (80523), which debuted at 333 MHz in January 1998, was produced with a 0. 25 µm process. A micrometre ( American spelling: micrometer; symbol µm) is one millionth of a Metre, or equivalently one thousandth of a Millimetre [6] The 333 MHz variant was the final Pentium CPU that used the older 66 MHz front side bus; all subsequent Deschutes-core models used a 100 MHz FSB. In Personal computers the Front Side Bus ( FSB) is the bus that carries data between the CPU and the northbridge. Later in 1998, Pentium IIs running at 266, 300, 350, 400, and 450 MHz were also released. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) [6] . The Deschutes core supported FXSAVE and FXRSTOR instructions, as opposed to Klamath.

Pentium II-based systems using the Intel 440LX Balboa chipset were the first to utilize the new generation RAM-standard, SDRAM (which replaced EDO RAM), and the AGP graphics bus. This is a list of Computer Motherboard Chipsets made by Intel. SDRAM refers to synchronous Dynamic random access memory, a term that is used to describe dynamic random access memory that has a synchronous interface [8] Concurrent with the release of Deschutes cores supporting a 100 MHz front side bus was Intel's release of the 440BX Seattle chipset and its related cousins, the 440MX, 440NX, and 440ZX chipsets. The Intel 440BX, also known as the i440BX is a Chipset from Intel, supporting Pentium II, Pentium III, and Celeron processors Introduction of the 100 MHz front side bus speed resulted in solid performance improvements for the Pentium II lineup.

The Pentium II Xeon was a high-end version, based on the 0. The Xeon brand refers to many families of Intel 's x86 Multiprocessing CPUs – for dual-processor (DP and multi-processor (MP configuration 25 μm Deschutes core, intended for use on workstations and servers. A workstation, such as a Unix workstation, RISC workstation or Engineering workstation, is a high-end Microcomputer A server is a Computer dedicated to providing one or more services over a computer network typically through a request-response routine Principally, it used a different type of slot (Slot 2), case, board design, and more expensive full-speed custom L2 cache, which was off-die. Slot 2 refers to the physical and electrical specification for the 330-lead edge-connector used by some of Intel 's Pentium II Xeon and certain models of the Versions were produced with 512 KiB, 1 MiB or 2 MiB L2 caches by varying the number of 512 KiB chips incorporated on the board. [9]

Pentium II Overdrive without heatsink. Deschutes core on left, cache on right
Pentium II Overdrive without heatsink. Deschutes core on left, cache on right

In Intel's "Family/Model/Stepping" scheme, Deschutes CPUs are family 6, model 5 and have the part number 80523.

Pentium II OverDrive

In 1998, the 0. 25 μm Deschutes core was utilized in the creation of the Pentium II Overdrive processor, which was aimed at allowing corporate Pentium Pro users to upgrade their aging servers. The Pentium OverDrive was a Microprocessor marketing brand name used by Intel, to cover a variety of consumer upgrade products sold in the mid 1990s It The Pentium Pro is a sixth-generation X86 -based Microprocessor developed and manufactured by Intel introduced in November 1995 Combining the Deschutes core in a flip-chip package with a 512 KiB full-speed L2 cache chip from the Pentium II Xeon into a Socket 8-compatible module resulted in a 300 or 333 MHz processor that could run on a 60 or 66 MHz front side bus. Flip chip, also known as Controlled Collapse Chip Connection or its acronym C4, is a method for interconnecting Semiconductor devices such as Socket 8 CPU socket was used exclusively with the Intel Pentium Pro and Pentium II Overdrive Computer processors This combination brought together some of the more attractive aspects of the Pentium II and the Pentium II Xeon: MMX support/improved 16-bit performance and full-speed L2 cache, respectively. MMX is a single instruction multiple data (SIMD Instruction set designed by Intel, introduced in 1997 in their Pentium line of [10] The later "Dixon" mobile Pentium II would emulate this combination with 256 KiB of full-speed cache.

In Intel's "Family/Model/Stepping" scheme, the Pentium II OverDrive CPU identifies itself as family 6, model 3, though this is misleading, as it not based on the family 6/model 3 Klamath core. As noted in the Pentium II Processor update documentation from Intel, "Please note that although this processor has a CPUID of 163xh, it uses a Pentium II processor CPUID 065xh processor core. " [11]

Tonga

The 0. 25 μm Tonga core was the first mobile Pentium II and had all of the features of the desktop models.

In Intel's "Family/Model/Stepping" scheme, Tonga CPUs are family 6, model 5.

Dixon

Later, in 1999, the 0. 25 μm Dixon core with 256 KiB of on-die full speed cache was produced for the mobile market. Reviews showed that the Dixon core was the fastest type of Pentium II produced. [6]

In Intel's "Family/Model/Stepping" scheme, Dixon CPUs are family 6, model 6 and their Intel product code is 80524. These identifiers are shared with the Mendocino Celeron processors. The Celeron brand is a range of X86 CPUs from Intel targeted at budget/value Personal computers €”with the motto "delivering great quality

Core specifications

Desktop

A Pentium II Klamath backside with its plastic casing removed, showing the commodity L2 cache chips and the cache controller (center).
A Pentium II Klamath backside with its plastic casing removed, showing the commodity L2 cache chips and the cache controller (center).
A Pentium II Deschutes. CPU Core in the middle, cache on the right
A Pentium II Deschutes. CPU Core in the middle, cache on the right

Klamath (80522)

Deschutes (80523)

Mobile

Tonga (80523)

Mobile Pentium II

Dixon (80524)

Mobile Pentium II PE ("Performance Enhanced")

References

  1. ^ Microprocessor Hall of Fame. Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Intel. Retrieved on 2007-08-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 2492 BC - Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation
  2. ^ Pabst, Thomas. Intel's Slot 1 CPUs Uncovered, Tom's Hardware, May 3, 1998.
  3. ^ a b c d Pabst, Thomas. The Intel Pentium II ('Klamath') CPU, Tom's Hardware, March 1, 1997.
  4. ^ Lal Shimpi, Anand. Intel Pentium II, Anandtech, May 30, 1997.
  5. ^ Pabst, Thomas. The Empire Strikes Back: Intel's Pentium II CPU, Tom's Hardware, April 30, 1997.
  6. ^ a b c d e IA-32 implementation Intel P2 (incl. Celeron and Xeon), SandPile. org, accessed May 5, 2007.
  7. ^ Intel 440FX, PCGuide, accessed May 5, 2007.
  8. ^ Intel 440LX, PCGuide, accessed May 5, 2007.
  9. ^ Pabst, Thomas. Intel's Pentium II Xeon Processor, Tom's Hardware, July 2, 1998.
  10. ^ http://www.heise.de/ct/english/98/18/020/ , Heise, accessed March 21, 2008
  11. ^ http://download.intel.com/design/PentiumII/specupdt/24333749.pdf

See also

External links

The Pentium II from Intel is a sixth-generation CPU targeted at the consumer market The Celeron brand is a range of X86 CPUs from Intel targeted at budget/value Personal computers €”with the motto "delivering great quality
© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic