Penthouse apartments at the top of a high rise building

A penthouse apartment or penthouse is an apartment or condominium that is on one of the highest floors of an apartment building or condominium. Penthouses are typically differentiated from other apartments by luxury features.

In architecture, the term penthouse is used to refer to a structure on the roof of a building that is set back from the outer walls. These structures do not occupy the entire roof deck. High-rise buildings will often have penthouse structures enclosing mechanics such as those in an elevator machine room. A high-rise is a tall Building or structure Normally the function of the building is added for example high-rise Apartment building or In Architecture, Construction, Engineering and real estate development the word building may refer to one of the following Any man-made An elevator or lift is a Transport device used to move people or goods vertically from one floor to another

While European designers and architects long recognized the potential in creating living spaces that make use of rooftops and such setbacks, in US cities, exploitation of these spaces began in earnest in the 1920s. A setback, sometimes called step-back is a step-like recession in a Wall. It was a matter of news when the development of a rooftop apartment at the Plaza Hotel overlooking Central Park was announced in 1923, but this was followed by rapid development of luxury penthouse apartments in the following years. The Plaza Hotel in New York City is a Landmark 19-story luxury Hotel with a height of 250 feet (76 m and length of that occupies the west side of Central Park is a large public Urban park in New York City, with about twenty-five million visitors annually ^[1]

When used as private outdoor terrace spaces, setbacks can allow for significantly larger and more protected spaces than cantilevered balconies. A cantilever is a beam supported on only one end The beam carries the load to the support where it is resisted by moment and Shear stress. Balcony (from Italian balcone, scaffold cf High German balcho, beam balk probably cognate with Persian term بالكانه Due to the desirability of this outdoor space, buildings may be designed with such setbacks on more than one of its uppermost levels, to allow apartments/condominiums on several levels to feature such terraces. Not all penthouses have such terraces, but they are a desired feature. One such space may be divided among several apartments/condominiums, or one apartment/condominium may occupy an entire floor. A penthouse apartment/condominium may also provide occupants with private access to the roof space above the apartment/condominium, instead of or in addition to terrace space created by an adjacent setback.

A penthouse apartment/condominium may have additional exclusive features not found in the majority of apartments/condominiums in the building, such as a private entrance or elevator, or higher/vaulted ceilings. An elevator or lift is a Transport device used to move people or goods vertically from one floor to another In buildings consisting primarily of single level apartments, a penthouse apartment/condominium may be distinguished by having two or more levels. They may also have such features as a balcony, gas fireplace, more square footage, oversized windows, multiple owner suites, den/office space and more. They often boast luxury kitchens with features such as stainless steel appliances, granite countertops, breakfast bar/island and more.

Penthouse apartments/condominiums are generally expensive, and are often associated with a luxury lifestyle. Thus, those wishing to market or otherwise inflate the prestige of a particular apartment/condominium may use the term. The term penthouse is sometimes applied to apartments/condominiums that are no different than others in a building, other than being on one of the uppermost floors. The term sub-penthouse is sometimes used to describe apartments/condominiums near the top of a building, when the term penthouse is reserved for the uppermost floor.

Outdoor terraces on setbacks at two different levels

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