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Pennine Way
View from the Pennine Way, near Marsden
View from the Pennine Way, near Marsden
Length 429 km (268 mi)[1]
Location Northern England, United Kingdom
Designation UK National Trail
Trailheads Edale, Derbyshire
Kirk Yetholm, Scottish Borders
Use Hiking
Highest Point Cross Fell, 893 m (2,930 ft)
Trail Difficulty Moderate to Strenuous
Season All year
Hazards Severe Weather

The Pennine Way is a National Trail in England. Marsden is a village within the Metropolitan Borough of Kirklees, in West Yorkshire, England, west of Huddersfield and located at the confluence England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Edale (ˈiːdeɪl is a small Derbyshire Village and Civil parish in the Peak District, in the Midlands of England. History The area that is now Derbyshire was first visited probably briefly by humans 200000 years ago during the Aveley Interglacial as evidenced by a Middle Kirk Yetholm is a village in the Scottish Borders, eight miles (13 km southeast of Kelso and less than a mile west of the border. The Scottish Borders, often referred to simply as the Borders, is one of 32 local government council areas of Scotland. The word 'hiking' is understood in all English-speaking countries but there are differences in usage In topography a summit is a point on a surface which is higher in Elevation than all points immediately adjacent to At 893 m Cross Fell is the highest point in the Pennine Hills of Northern England. A season is one of the major divisions of the Year, generally based on yearly periodic changes in Weather. A hazard is a situation which poses a level of threat to Life, Health, Property or environment. Severe weather is any destructive weather phenomenon. The term is usually used to refer to severe thunderstorms and related phenomena such as Tornados England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The trail runs 429 kilometres (268 mi)[1] from Edale, in the northern Derbyshire Peak District, north through the Yorkshire Dales and the Northumberland National Park, to end at Kirk Yetholm, just inside the Scottish border. Edale (ˈiːdeɪl is a small Derbyshire Village and Civil parish in the Peak District, in the Midlands of England. History The area that is now Derbyshire was first visited probably briefly by humans 200000 years ago during the Aveley Interglacial as evidenced by a Middle The Peak District is an upland area in central and northern England, lying mainly in northern Derbyshire, but also covering parts of Cheshire, Greater The Yorkshire Dales (also known as The Dales) is the name given to an upland area in Northern England. Northumberland National Park is the northernmost national park in England. Kirk Yetholm is a village in the Scottish Borders, eight miles (13 km southeast of Kelso and less than a mile west of the border. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain.

Contents

History

The path was the idea of the journalist and rambler Tom Stephenson, inspired by similar trails in the United States of America, particularly the Appalachian Trail. Tom Criddle Stephenson (1893-1987 was a British Journalist and a leading champion of walkers' rights in the Countryside. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply The A Stephenson proposed the concept in an article for the Daily Herald in 1935, and later lobbied Parliament for the creation of an official trail. The Daily Herald was a British Newspaper, published in London from 1912 to 1964 (although it was weekly during the First World War The final section of the path was declared open in a ceremony held on Malham Moor on 24 April 1965. Malham is a Village in Craven, North Yorkshire, England, in the Yorkshire Dales with a population of 120 Events 1479 BC - Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. The path runs along the Pennine hills, sometimes described as the "backbone of England". The Pennines are a low-rising Mountain range in Northern England and southern Scotland. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Although not the United Kingdom's longest trail,[2] it is according to the Ramblers' Association "one of Britain's best known and toughest". The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Ramblers' Association, also known as The Ramblers, is the largest walkers' rights organisation in Great Britain which aims to look after the interests [3]

Usage

The Pennine Way has long been popular with walkers, and in 1990 the Countryside Commission reported that 12,000 long-distance walkers and 250,000 day-walkers were using all or part of the trail per year. The Countryside Commission was a statutory body in England, originally established in 1949 as the National Parks Commission to co-ordinate government activity in relation to [4] They furthermore estimated that walkers contributed £2 million (1990) to the local economy along the route, directly maintaining 156 jobs. The popularity of the walk has resulted in substantial erosion to the terrain in places,[5] and steps have been taken to recover its condition, including diverting sections of the route onto firmer ground, and laying flagstones or duckboards in softer areas. Flagstone is a type of flat stone, usually used for paving slabs but also for making Fences or Roofing. These actions have been generally effective in reducing the extent of broken ground,[5] though the intrusion into the natural landscape has at times been the subject of criticism.

A number of Youth Hostels are provided along the route to break up the trek, in addition to many private establishments offering accommodation. It is easy for the walker to undertake just a short section of the trail, with 535 access points (on average, one every half-mile or approximately one kilometre) at which the Pennine Way intersects with other public rights of way. In England and Wales, public rights of way are paths on which the public have a legally protected right to pass and re-pass

As the majority of the Pennine Way is routed via public footpaths, access to those sections is denied to travellers on horseback or bicycle. In order to grant them a similar route, a Pennine Bridleway is also now under development (as of autumn 2005, two principal sections are open); the route is generally parallel to the Pennine Way, but starts slightly further south in Derbyshire. The Pennine Bridleway is a new National Trail under designation in Northern England

Route

The paved surface of the Pennine Way on Black Hill
The paved surface of the Pennine Way on Black Hill
An example of one of the many waymarks used to guide the walker on the Pennine Way. This particular example is near Airton.
An example of one of the many waymarks used to guide the walker on the Pennine Way. Black Hill is a hill in the Peak District, England. It used to be the highest point in Cheshire but now lies on the border between the boroughs of Kirklees Waymarking is a means by which people can catalog mark locate and log unique and interesting locations around the world usually with a GPS receiver This particular example is near Airton. Airton (also known as Airton-in-Craven) is a small Village and Civil parish in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, England

A survey by the National Trails agency reported that a walker covering the entire length of the trail is obliged to navigate 287 gates, 249 timber stiles, 183 stone stiles and 204 bridges. A gate is a point of entry to a space enclosed by Walls or an opening in a Fence. A stile is a structure which provides people a passage through or over a fence or boundary via steps Ladders or narrow gaps A bridge is a Structure built to span a Gorge, Valley, Road, railroad track, River, Body of water 319 kilometres (198 mi) of the route is on public footpaths, 112 kilometres (70 mi) on public bridleways and 32 kilometres (20 mi) on other public highways. In England and Wales, public rights of way are paths on which the public have a legally protected right to pass and re-pass In England and Wales, public rights of way are paths on which the public have a legally protected right to pass and re-pass * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Before adding any more images to this * * page please do carefully consider * * whether they would be mere decoration * * or actually improve The walker is aided by the provision of 458 waymarks. [6]

The route of the Pennine Way passes close to or through the following places (mountains and moors are marked in italics, towns and villages in normal type):

Further reading

The Pennine Way has attracted a number of writers over the years, including Stephenson himself, who wrote the first official guidebook. Edale (ˈiːdeɪl is a small Derbyshire Village and Civil parish in the Peak District, in the Midlands of England. Kinder Scout is a Moorland Plateau (and Mountain) in the Dark Peak of the Derbyshire Peak District in the United |} Bleaklow is a high largely peat covered Gritstone Moorland, just north of Kinder Scout, across the Snake Pass ( A57) in the Crowden (otherwise Crowden-in- Longdendale) is a landmark hamlet in the High Peak district of Derbyshire, England. Black Hill is a hill in the Peak District, England. It used to be the highest point in Cheshire but now lies on the border between the boroughs of Kirklees The Wessenden Valley is a Moorland valley situated south of the small town of Marsden in the English county of West Yorkshire. Saddleworth Moor is an area of sparsley populated Moorland and dark millstone grit scenery typical of the West Yorkshire and East Lancashire Pennine hills of northern Standedge (normally pronounced Stannige) is a Moorland Escarpment in the Pennine Hills of northern England. Littleborough is a small town within the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale, in Greater Manchester, England. Stoodley Pike is a 121 foot monument that stands on the moors in Todmorden, West Yorkshire Todmorden is a Market town and Civil parish, within the Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale, in West Yorkshire, England The Caldervale Line is a railway route in Northern England between the cities of Leeds and Manchester as well as the seaside resort of Blackpool Hebden Bridge is a Market town within the Calderdale borough of West Yorkshire, England, eight miles (13 km west of Halifax and fifteen Lothersdale is a small village near Skipton, North Yorkshire, England which is located within the triangle formed by Skipton, Cross Hills Gargrave is a small village located along the A65, four miles (6 km northwest from Skipton in North Yorkshire, England. Airton (also known as Airton-in-Craven) is a small Village and Civil parish in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, England Malham is a Village in Craven, North Yorkshire, England, in the Yorkshire Dales with a population of 120 Fountains Fell is a mountain in the Yorkshire Dales, England. Pen-y-ghent is a mountain in the Yorkshire Dales. It is one of the so-called Three Peaks, the other two being Ingleborough and Whernside Horton in Ribblesdale is a small Village in Ribblesdale in the county of North Yorkshire, on the Settle&ndashCarlisle Railway to the west of History The S&C had its origins in railway politics the expansion-minded Midland Railway company was locked in dispute with the rival London and North Western Railway Hawes is a small Market town in the Richmondshire district of North Yorkshire, England. Line history Origins The original line between Northallerton and Garsdale was opened in stages Northallerton to Leeming Bar (in 1848 Leeming Bar to Bedale (in Great Shunner Fell is the third highest mountain in the Yorkshire Dales, North Yorkshire, England, and the highest point in Wensleydale   Kisdon, also called Kisdon Hill is a Fell situated in upper Swaledale in the Yorkshire Dales National Park in North Yorkshire, Kisdon Force is a series of Waterfalls on the River Swale in Swaledale, England. Keld is a hamlet in the English county of North Yorkshire. It is situated on Birkdale, in the Yorkshire Dales. Tan Hill ( is a high point on the Pennine Way in North Yorkshire, England near the borders with County Durham and Cumbria. The A66 is a major road in northern England which in part follows the course of the Roman road from Scotch Corner to Penrith. Middleton-in-Teesdale is a large village in County Durham, in England. Mickle Fell is a Mountain in the Pennines, the range of hills and moors running down the middle of Northern England. Dufton is a village in Cumbria, England. It lies in the Eden Valley and below Great Dun Fell. Great Dun Fell is the second-highest hill in the Pennine range, United Kingdom, lying two miles south along the watershed from Cross Fell, its higher At 893 m Cross Fell is the highest point in the Pennine Hills of Northern England. Alston is a small Town in Cumbria, England on the River South Tyne. Greenhead is a Village in Northumberland, England. It lies just outside the Northumberland National Park, close to Hadrian's Wall. Hadrian's Wall ( Latin: perhaps Vallum Aelium, "the Aelian wall" is a stone and turf Fortification built by the Roman Shitlington Crags is a Crag in Northumberland, England. It is located near Shitlington Hall south of Bellingham. Bellingham (ˡbɛlɪndʒəm) is a Village in Northumberland, to the north-west of Newcastle upon Tyne and situated on the River North Tyne. Windy Gyle is a Hill in the Cheviot Hills, right on the border between England and Scotland. The Cheviot is the highest summit in the Cheviot Hills in the far north of England, only 2 km from the Scottish border Kirk Yetholm is a village in the Scottish Borders, eight miles (13 km southeast of Kelso and less than a mile west of the border. Tom Criddle Stephenson (1893-1987 was a British Journalist and a leading champion of walkers' rights in the Countryside. A popular guide was authored and illustrated by the writer Alfred Wainwright, whose offer to buy a half-pint of beer for anyone who finished the Pennine Way is estimated to have cost him up to £15,000 until his death in 1991. Alfred ("A" Wainwright MBE (17 January 1907 &ndash 20 January 1991 was a British hillwalker, guidebook Author and Illustrator [7] The National Trails Guides series covers the Pennine Way in two volumes, each containing route description and 1:25000 maps of the entire walk. Barry Pilton's book gives a more light-hearted and personal account of completing the Pennine Way, with a foreword by Mike Harding. Barry Pilton (born 1946 in Croydon Surrey) is a travel writer radio and television comedy scriptwriter and novelist Mike Harding (born 23 October 1944) is an English Singer, Comedian, Author, Poet and broadcaster. Mark Wallington's book is another humorous personal story of the walk, accompanied by his dog. Mark Wallington (born 1953 Swanage) is an author and broadcaster perhaps most famous for his humorous "Boogie" travelogues both memorably serialised on Movement artists, Tamara Ashley and Simone Kenyon, performed the entire length of the trail in August 2006. [8] Their book documents the performance and invites readers to create their own interpretations of the landscapes along the way.

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b Trail stats, Pennine Way. The following Long-distance footpaths can be found in the United Kingdom: England and Wales National Trails National Trails are distinguished by being The Anglo-Scottish border (or English-Scottish border) runs for 96  Miles nbsp(154  km) between National Trails Homepage. The Countryside Agency. The Countryside Agency in England was a statutory body set up in 1999 with the task of improving the quality of the rural environment and the lives of those living Retrieved on 2007-08-03. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 8 - Roman Empire General Tiberius defeats Dalmatians on the river Bathinus.
  2. ^ This distinction belongs to the 1,014 km-kilometre (630 mi) long South West Coast Path
  3. ^ Ramblers' Association. The South West Coast Path is Britain's longest waymarked long-distance footpath and a National Trail. Pennine Way National Trail. Retrieved on 2006-03-26. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1026 - Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor.
  4. ^ Countryside Commission (1992). Pennine Way survey 1990: use and economic impact. ISBN 0-86170-323-5.  
  5. ^ a b Smith, Roly (2001-07-07), “Paving the Way”, The Guardian, <http://travel.guardian.co.uk/article/2001/jul/07/unitedkingdom.walkingholidays.guardiansaturdaytravelsection> 
  6. ^ National Trails. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death Pennine Way interesting facts. Retrieved on 2006-03-27. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates
  7. ^ Askwith, Richard. "Alfred Wainwright: Grumpy, reclusive and eccentric", The Independent, 2 July 2005. Events 310 - Pope Miltiades is elected 626 - In fear of assassination Li Shimin ambushes and kills his rival Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.  
  8. ^ Performing the Pennine Way. National Trails. Retrieved on 2008-02-11. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu.

External links

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