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This article is about penal law as understood in the English law system. For a more general article, see criminal law. The term criminal law, sometimes called penal law, refers to any of various bodies of rules in different Jurisdictions whose common characteristic is the potential

In the most general sense, penal is the body of laws that are enforced by the State in its own name and impose penalties for their violation, as opposed to civil law that seeks to redress private wrongs. Civil law, as opposed to Criminal law, refers to that branch of Law dealing with disputes between Individuals and/or Organizations, in which This usage is synonymous with criminal law and is covered in that article. The term criminal law, sometimes called penal law, refers to any of various bodies of rules in different Jurisdictions whose common characteristic is the potential

In some jurisdictions, such as Canada, penal law is distinct from criminal law even if it encompasses this last field. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page This is a result of federalism; only the federal Parliament has the legislative power to enact criminal law statutes, yet provinces can also attach penal dispositions to their non-criminal statutes so they will be respected. Political federalism is a Political philosophy in which a group of members are bound together (Latin foedus, covenant) with a governing TalkParliament#Screen-size. -->A  parliament is a Legislature, especially in those

More specifically, the Penal laws were a set of laws which punished nonconformism in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Nonconformism is the refusal to conform to common standards conventions rules customs traditions norms or laws The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world

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English statutes on religious nonconformity

In English history, penal law refers to a specific series of laws that sought to uphold the establishment of the Church of England against Protestant nonconformists and Roman Catholics, by imposing various forfeitures, civil penalties, and civil disabilities upon these dissenters. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland An established church is a church officially sanctioned and supported by the government of a country e The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. Nonconformism is the refusal to conform to common standards conventions rules customs traditions norms or laws Some examples of these laws are:

The Clarendon Code

While some of the Penal Laws were much older, they took their most drastic shape during the reign of Charles II. Praemunire (an error from Latin præmonere to pre-admonish or forewarn was an offence in English law that took its name from the introductory words of the The Corporation Act of 1661 is an Act of the Parliament of England (13 Cha The Act of Uniformity was an Act of the Parliament of England, 14 Charles II c The Conventicle Act of 1664 was an Act of the Parliament of England (16 Charles II c The Five Mile Act or Oxford Act, is an Act of the Parliament of England (17 Charles II c The Test Acts were a series of English Penal laws that served as a Religious test for public office and imposed various civil disabilities on Roman The Education Act of 1695 was an Act of Parliament of the Parliament of Ireland passed in 1695, one of a series of Penal laws prohibiting After Jacobite Rising of 1715 ended it was evident that the most effective supporters of the Jacobites were Scottish clans in the Scottish Highlands and the Disarming The Banishment Act was an Act of the Parliament of Ireland (citation 9 Will III c The Registration Act was an Act of Parliament of the Parliament of Ireland passed in 1704, one of a series of Penal laws Its Long title An Act to prevent the further Growth of Popery (commonly known as the Popery Act or the Gavelkind Act. The Occasional Conformity Act (also known as the Toleration Act 1711) was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain (statute number 10 Anne c The Disenfranchising Act was an Act of Parliament of the Parliament of Ireland passed in 1727, one of a series of Penal laws prohibiting all Charles II (Charles Stuart 29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685 was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Four of them became known as the Clarendon Code, after Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, though he was not their author, and did not fully approve of them. Edward Hyde 1st Earl of Clarendon ( 18 February 1609 &ndash 9 December 1674) was an English Historian and statesman and These included:

In Irish history

See article Penal Laws (Ireland)

The Penal Laws were introduced into Ireland in the year 1695 (having been in use in other countries before this). The history of Ireland begins with the first known settlement in Ireland around 8000 BC when Hunter-gatherers arrived from Great Britain and continental The Penal Laws in Ireland (Na Péindlíthe refers to a series of laws imposed under British rule that sought to discriminate against Roman Catholics and Protestant dissenters in favour They had a pronounced effect, disenfranchising the majority of the Irish population, who were Roman Catholic or Presbyterian and in favour of the minority established Church of Ireland. Presbyterianism is a family of Christian denominations within the Reformed branch of Protestant Western Christianity The Church of Ireland (Eaglais na hÉireann is an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion, operating across the island of Ireland. Though the laws also affected adherents of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland (who were concentrated in Ulster), their principal victims were members of the Roman Catholic Church, meaning over three quarters of the people on the island. The Presbyterian Church in Ireland (or PCI (Eaglais Phreispitéireach in Éirinn, operating seamlessly across the border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ulster ( Ulaidh ˈkwɪɟɪ ˈʌlˠu / ˈʌlˠi is one of the four provinces of Ireland, in addition to Connacht, Munster and Leinster The British had punished the faith of the overwhelming majority of the "mere Irish" (in contemporary English, 'mere' meant 'pure' or 'fully').

The laws were eventually repealed largely due to Irish political agitation organised under Daniel O'Connell in the 1820s, but effects of the laws in terms of sectarianism between Catholics and Protestants can still be seen, particularly in Northern Ireland, today. Daniel O'Connell ( 6 August 1775 &ndash 15 May 1847) ( Dónal Ó Conaill) known as The Liberator, or The Emancipator Sectarianism is Bigotry, Discrimination, Prejudice or Hatred arising from attaching importance to perceived differences between subdivisions Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a Country within the United Kingdom, lying in the northeast of

See also

External links

This article is about the development of religion in the United Kingdom (UK since its formation in 1707 Catholic Emancipation (Fuascailt na gCaitliceach or Catholic Relief, was a process in Great Britain and Ireland in the late 18th century and early 19th The Nuremberg Laws ( German: Nürnberger Gesetze) of 1935 were denaturalization laws passed in Nazi Germany.
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