Peithon (about 355 BC - about 314 BC) was the son of Crateuas, a nobleman from Eordaia in western Macedonia. Events By place Greece King Artaxerxes III of Persia forces Athens to conclude a peace which requires the city to Events By Place Macedonian Empire Antigonus the ruler of the Asian parts of the late Alexander the Great 's empire faces a coalition consisting Crateuas may refer to Crateuas alternative name for Craterus of Macedon, King of Macedon in 399 BC Crateuas father of Macedonian Peithon Eordea is also a spider genus ( Linyphiidae) History In archaic Greek Eordea comes from the Pelasgian word Eorda Macedon or Macedonia ( Greek grc Μακεδονία grc-Latn Makedonía) was the name of a kingdom centered in the northern-most One of the bodyguards of Alexander the Great, later satrap of Media and one of the diadochi. Alexander the Great ( or, Mégas Aléxandros; July 20 356 BC June 10 or June 11 323 BC also known as Alexander III of Macedon (el Ἀλέξανδρος Γ' See also the related deity Satrapes. Satrap (Persian ساتراپ was the name given to the governors of the Provinces of ancient The Medes were an ancient Iranian people who lived in the northwestern portions of present-day Iran. The Diadochi (plural of Latin Diadochus, from Greek Διάδοχοι, Diadokhoi, "successors" were the rival successors

Peithon was named one of the seven (later eight) bodyguards of Alexander in 325 BC. Events By place Macedonian Empire Alexander the Great leaves India and nominates his officer Peithon son of Agenor After Alexander's death in 323 BC Peithon was made the satrap of Media, the strategically important region that controlled all roads between east and west. Events By place Macedonian Empire 10 June — In Babylon, Alexander the Great dies ten days after being taken ill The Medes were an ancient Iranian people who lived in the northwestern portions of present-day Iran. Actually, the satrapy was too large for one man: Peithon would be a very powerful man, and could destabilize the entire empire. Therefore, he had to give up the northern part, which was given to Atropates, from then known as Media Atropatene. Atropates ( Greek Aτρoπάτης from Old Persian Aturpat "protected by fire" c Atropatene was the Seleucid -era Koine Greek name given to a kingdom established in the 4th century BCE and the nominal ancestor of the name ' Azerbaijan

The soldiers who remained in the eastern part of Alexander's realm after his death, grew agitated by their lengthy stay abroad, and began spontaneous revolts. The regent Perdiccas sent Peithon to subdue the revolters. Perdiccas ( Greek: Περδίκας, Perdikas; died 321 BC or 320 BC was one of Alexander the Great 's generals He was given a contingent of Macedonians. Peithon easily defeated his opponents and accepted their capitulation. His men, however, having hoped to plunder, massacred their opponents.

After Peithon returned to Persia, Perdiccas began to distrust him. In the First War of the Diadochi, Perdiccas ordered Peithon to follow him to Ptolemaic Egypt to fight against Ptolemy. The Diadochi (plural of Latin Diadochus, from Greek Διάδοχοι, Diadokhoi, "successors" were the rival successors Ptolemaic Egypt began when Ptolemy I Soter declared himself Pharaoh of Egypt in 305 BC and ended with the death of queen Cleopatra For the astronomer see Ptolemy; for others named "Ptolemy" or "Ptolemaeus" see Ptolemy (disambiguation.

In the summer of 320 BC Peithon, Seleucus, and Antigenes murdered Perdiccas and started negotiating with their opponents. Events By place Macedonian Empire Alexander the Great 's various generals control different parts of Alexander's empire Seleucus I (surnamed for later generations Nicator, Greek: Σέλευκος Νικάτωρ, i Antigenes (in Greek Aντιγενης; died 316 BC was a general of Alexander the Great, who also served under Philip II of Macedon, and lost Ptolemy suggested that Peithon be made the new Regent, but the other diadochi would not accept this. Therefore Antipater was chosen to be the new Regent. Antipater ( Greek: Ἀντίπατρος Antipatros; ca 397 BC — 319 BC was a Macedonian general and a supporter of kings Philip II of Macedon

After the death of Antipater, Peithon expanded his realm. He invaded the satrapy of Parthia and made his brother Eudemus the new satrap. Parthia ( Middle Persian: اشکانیان Ashkâniân) was an Iranian civilization situated in the northeastern part of modern Iran Eudemus is also the name of a general of Alexander the Great (died 316 BC From 317 BC however the other eastern satraps united against Peithon and drove him out. Events By place Macedonian Empire Seleucus joins Antigonus against Eumenes and recaptures Babylon. The armies of the eastern satrapies, including contingents from Indian sent by another Peithon, son of Agenor, the satrap of the Indus, were joined by Eumenes who had been appointed by the new regent Polyperchon to subdue Antigonus. Peithon son of Agenor (?-312 BCE was an officer in the expedition of Alexander the Great to India, who became satrap of the Indus from 325 to 316 BCE and then satrap Eumenes of Cardia ( Greek: Ευμένης ca 362 BC—316 BC was a Greek general and scholar Polyperchon ( Greek Πολυπέρχων 394–303 BC son of Simmias from Tymphaia in Epirus, was a Macedonian general who served under Antigonus I Monophthalmus ("the One-eyed" (382 BC - 301 BC son of Philip from Elimeia, was a Macedonian nobleman general and Satrap Peithon was saved by Antigonus who beat both Eumenes and his new allies at a battle near Susa. Susa ( Biblical שושן ( Shushan) also Greek: Σοῦσα Transliterated as Sousa; Latin Susa) Following the Second War of the Diadochi Peithon was among the most powerful diadochi in the eastern part of the Empire and started to rebuild his realm. The Diadochi (plural of Latin Diadochus, from Greek Διάδοχοι, Diadokhoi, "successors" were the rival successors Antigonus didn't like his new rival and tricked Peithon to come to his court, where he had him executed.

External links

• Livius, Peithon (1) by Jona Lendering