| Paul du Chaillu | |
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| Born | July 31, 1835 or 1831 location disputed |
|---|---|
| Died | April 29, 1903 St. Petersburg, Russia |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | traveler and anthropologist |
| Known for | "discovery" of gorilla, Pygmy people |
Paul Belloni du Chaillu (July 31, 1835 – April 29, 1903) was a French-American traveler and anthropologist. Events 30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian 's forces but most of his army subsequently Year 1835 ( MDCCCXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 1429 - Joan of Arc arrives to relieve the Siege of Orleans. Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Anthropology (/ˌænθɹəˈpɒlədʒi/ from Greek grc ἄνθρωπος anthrōpos, "human" -λογία -logia) is the study of Events 30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian 's forces but most of his army subsequently Year 1835 ( MDCCCXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 1429 - Joan of Arc arrives to relieve the Siege of Orleans. Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting Anthropology (/ˌænθɹəˈpɒlədʒi/ from Greek grc ἄνθρωπος anthrōpos, "human" -λογία -logia) is the study of He became famous in the 1860s as the first modern outsider to confirm the existence of gorillas and the Pygmy people of central Africa. Gorillas, the largest of the living Primates are ground-dwelling Herbivores that inhabit the Forests of Africa. Pygmies (singular Pygmy) refers to a member of any human group whose adult males grow to less than 150 cm (4 feet 11 inches in average height or less than 155 cm He later researched the prehistory of Scandinavia. Terminology and usage As a cultural term "Scandinavia" has no official definition and is subject to usage by those who identify with the culture in question as well
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Early life
His date and place of birth are disputed. The year is given as either 1831 or 1835; the date when given is July 31. Accounts cite either Paris or New Orleans[1] as his likely place of birth, and his friend Edward Clodd mentioned New York as another claimed location, but asserted that du Chaillu's true birthplace was the French island territory of Bourbon (Réunion). Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city New Orleans (nʲuːˈɔrliənz nʲuːˈɔrlənz French: La Nouvelle-Orléans) is a major United States port city and the largest city in Louisiana Edward Clodd (1 July 1840 Margate, Kent &ndash 1930 was an English banker writer and anthropologist. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Réunion ( French: Réunion or formally La Réunion; previously Île Bourbon) is an island located in the Indian Ocean, east of [2] A contemporary obituary cites a statement made by du Chaillu referring to "the United States, my country by adoption, and . . . France, my native land. "[3]
In his youth he accompanied his father, a French trader in the employment of a Parisian firm, to the west coast of Africa. Here, at a station on the Gabon, he was educated by missionaries, and acquired an interest in and knowledge of the country, its natural history, its natives, and their languages. Gabon (gəˈbɒn or /gaˈbõ/ in French) is a country in west central Africa sharing borders with Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, Republic
Africa
He was sent in 1855 by the Academy of Natural Sciences at Philadelphia on an African expedition. The Academy of Natural Sciences is the oldest Natural science research institution and museum in the United States Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə Until 1859 he explored the regions of West Africa in the neighborhood of the equator, gaining considerable knowledge of the delta of the Ogowe River and the estuary of the Gabon. West Africa or Western Africa is the Westernmost Region of the African Continent. The Ogooué (or Ogowe) some 1200km long is the principal River of Gabon in west central Africa. During his travels from 1856 to 1859 he observed numerous gorillas, known to non-locals in prior centuries only from an unreliable report by Hanno the Navigator of Carthage in the 5th century BC, and known to scientists in the preceding years only by a few skeletons. Gorillas, the largest of the living Primates are ground-dwelling Herbivores that inhabit the Forests of Africa. Hanno the Navigator was a Carthaginian explorer who flourished c Carthage (Καρχηδών Karkhēdōn, Carthago from the Phoenician קרת חדשת phn-Latn Qart-ḥadašt meaning new town) refers He brought back dead specimens, and presented himself as the first white person to have seen them. [4]
A subsequent expedition, from 1863 to 1865, enabled him to confirm the accounts given by the ancients of a pygmy people inhabiting the African forests. Pygmies (singular Pygmy) refers to a member of any human group whose adult males grow to less than 150 cm (4 feet 11 inches in average height or less than 155 cm Du Chaillu sold his hunted gorillas to the Natural History Museum in London and his "cannibal skulls" to other European collections. The Natural History Museum is one of three large Museums on Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London (the others are the Science Museum Cannibalism (from Spanish es ''caníbal'' in connection with cannibalism among the Antillean Caribs, also called anthropophagy (from Greek ἄνθρωπος (A fine cased group shot by du Chaillu may be seen in Ipswich Museum in Suffolk, England. Ipswich Museum is a registered Museum of culture history and natural heritage located in Ipswich, the County Town of the English county of Suffolk Suffolk (ˈsʌfək is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in East Anglia, England. ) Narratives of both expeditions were published, in 1861 and 1867 respectively, under the titles Explorations and Adventures in Equatorial Africa, with Accounts of the Manners and Customs of the People, and of the Chace of the Gorilla, Crocodile, and other Animals; and A Journey to Ashango-land, and further penetration into Equatorial Africa. While in Ashango Land in 1865 he was elected King of the Apingi tribe.
At the time, he was in great demand on the public lecture circuits of New York, London, and Paris. Although there were initial challenges of his accounts, they came be accepted, although Encyclopedia Britannica speculated that "possibly some of the adventures he described as happening to himself were reproductions of the hunting stories of natives. "
Northern Europe
After some years residence in America, during which he wrote several books for the young founded upon his African adventures, du Chaillu turned his attention to northern Europe. After a visit to northern Norway in 1871, over the following five years he made a study of customs and antiquities in Sweden, Norway, Lapland and Northern Finland. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional Etymology Sápmi (and corresponding terms in other Sámi languages refers to both the Sámi land and the Sámi people Finland, officially the Republic of Finland ( is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. He published in 1881 The Land of the Midnight Sun (dedicated to his friend Robert Winthrop of New York), as a series of Summer and Winter Journeys, in two volumes. Robert Charles Winthrop ( Boston Massachusetts, May 12, 1809 &ndash Boston Massachusetts, November 16, 1894) was
His 1889 work The Viking Age (also in two volumes) was a very broad study of the prehistoric antiquities of the Scandinavian peninsula from the Bronze Age to the Middle Ages (including literary remains), and demonstrating what is now generally recognised, the important Norse and Swedish cultural dimension to the Germanic settlements of Britain during the fifth to seventh centuries. The Scandinavian Peninsula is a geographic region in northern Europe, consisting principally of the Mainland territories of Norway and Sweden The term Bronze Age refers to a period in human cultural development when the most advanced Metalworking (at least in systematic and widespread use included techniques for Norsemen is used to refer to the group of people as a whole who speak one of the North Germanic languages as their native language "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. Great Britain during the Middle Ages (from the 5th century withdrawal of Roman forces from the province of Britannia This view was then unfamiliar and was ridiculed by Canon Isaac Taylor. Isaac Taylor (1787 - 1865 philosophical and historical writer artist and inventor was the most eminent member of a family known as the Taylors of Ongar, which has shown This book (in two volumes) is now a very collectible item. In 1900 he also published The Land of the Long Night.
Personal life
Du Chaillu was a friend of Edward Clodd and was present at one of Clodd's Whitsun gatherings at Strafford House, Aldeburgh, Suffolk in company with John Rhys, Grant Allen, York Powell and Joseph Thomson. Edward Clodd (1 July 1840 Margate, Kent &ndash 1930 was an English banker writer and anthropologist. Whitsun ( Old English for "White Sunday" is the 49th day (seventh Sunday after Easter Sunday. Aldeburgh ( IPA /ˈɔlbrə/ is a town in Suffolk, East Anglia, England; it is located on the Alde river at 52° 9' North 1° 36' East Suffolk (ˈsʌfək is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in East Anglia, England. Sir John Rhys (also spelled Rhŷs; 21 June 1840 &ndash 17 December 1915) was a Welsh scholar Fellow of the Charles Grant Blairfindie Allen ( February 24, 1848 - October 25, 1899) was a Science Writer, Author and Frederick York Powell ( January 4, 1850 &ndash May 8, 1904) was an English Historian and scholar Joseph Thomson ( February 14, 1858 - August 2, 1895) was a Scottish Geologist and Explorer who played an He was a member along with a variety of mostly literary figures in author J. M. Barrie's amateur cricket team, the "Allahakbarries". Sir James Matthew Barrie 1st Baronet OM ( 9 May, 1860 &ndash 19 June, 1937) more commonly known as J Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries
He died following a stroke of paralysis at St. Petersburg, while on his way home from Russia. Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River
References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
- Obituary of Paul du Chaillu, The Times, 1 May 1903.
- R. A. D. Markham, A Rhino in High Street (Ipswich 1991). (Illustration of gorillas).
- ^ http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=1323
- ^ E. Clodd, Memories (London, Watts & co 1926), 71-74
- ^ Obituary: Paul Belloni du Chaillu, E. G. Ravenstein, The Geographical Journal, Vol. 21, No. 6 (Jun., 1903), pp. 680-681
- ^ http://museumvictoria.com.au/history/gorillas.html
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