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For uses not directly related to the Bible, see Patriarch (disambiguation).

The Patriarchs (also known as the Avot in Hebrew) according to the Judeo-Christian Old Testament, are Abraham, his son Isaac and his grandson Jacob. Judeo-Christian (or Judaeo-Christian, sometimes written as Judæo-Christian) is a term used to describe the body of concepts and values which are thought to be held Abraham ( Ashkenazi   Avrohom or Avruhom; ابراهيم, {{Unicode|Ibrāhīm}}; Ge'ez: SON DNA binding protein, also known as SON, is a human Gene. According to the Hebrew Bible, Isaac ( Hebrew: Yitzchak יִצְחָק, Standard Yiẓḥaq Jacob ( Hebrew: יַעֲקֹב, Standard   Yaʿaqov Tiberian   Yaʿăqōḇ; Collectively, they are referred to as the three patriarchs (shloshet ha-avot) of Judaism, and the period in which they lived is known as the patriarchal period. Judaism (from the Greek Ioudaïsmos, derived from the Hebrew יהודה Yehudah, " Judah " in Hebrew יַהֲדוּת Yahedut The Patriarchal Age is the era of the three biblical Patriarchs Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, according to the narratives of Genesis 12-50

Their primary wives – Sarah (wife of Abraham), Rebekah (wife of Isaac), and Leah and Rachel (the wives of Jacob) – are known as the Matriarchs. Sarah (; Arabic: سارة, Sārah; "a woman of high rank" is the wife of Abraham as described in the Hebrew Bible This article is about the biblical matriarch For other uses of the word Rebecca see Rebecca (disambiguation Rebecca (also Rebekah also Leah ( "Weary tired" is the first of the four concurrent wives of the Hebrew patriarch Jacob, and mother of six of the Twelve Tribes of Israel along Rachel (; meaning "ewe" is the second and favorite Wife of Jacob and mother of Joseph and Benjamin, first mentioned in the The Matriarchs ( are four important women mentioned in the Book of Genesis of the Hebrew Bible, the wives of the Biblical Patriarchs. Thus, classical Judaism considers itself to have three patriarchs and four matriarchs.

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Other uses

In the New Testament, King David is referred to as a patriarch, as are Jacob's twelve sons (the ancestors of the Twelve tribes of Israel). David, Arabic: داوود or داود dawud, "beloved" was the second king of the united Kingdom of Israel according to the Hebrew Bible See also History of ancient Israel and Judah According to the Bible, the Israelites were the dominant group living in the Land of Israel.

In addition, the title patriarch is often applied to the ten antediluvian figures Adam, Seth, Enos, Cainan, Mahalaleel, Jared, Enoch, Methuselah, Lamech, and Noah. The word antediluvian (synPrediluvian ( Latin for "before the deluge") is used to describe a period of time that preceded the Great Flood See also Adam and Eve Adam ( Hebrew: אָדָם was according to a literal interpretation of Genesis, the first man created by This article is about the Biblical Seth For the Egyptian god Seth see Set (mythology; for other meanings see Seth (disambiguation. Cainan can refer to either A variant of the name Kenan in the Generations of Adam, the lists of Antediluvian patriarchs given Jared is a proper name that is very common first name (in various Western countries of Biblical derivation etymologically from the Hebrew Enoch ( Hebrew:; Tiberian: Ḥănōḵ, Standard: Ḥanokh, Ashkenazi, Jiddish: jHenosch Methuselah or Metushélach ( is the oldest person whose age is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible. Lamech (ˈleɪmɛk (לֶמֶך-Lemech is the name of two men in the genealogies of Adam in the book of Genesis. Noah (or Noe, Noach;; Nūḥ; Arabic: نوح; "Rest") was according to the Bible, the tenth and last of According to the Book of Genesis, these ten men are the ancestors of the entire human race. Moses and Joseph are also known as patriarchs.

Ages of the Patriarchs

In the conventional reading of the Bible, these are the lifetimes given.

Adam 930; Seth 912; Enosh 905; Kenan 910; Mahalalel 895; Jared 962; Enoch 365 (did not die, but was taken away by God); Methuselah 969; Lamech 777; Noah 950.

However, as well as being much greater than human lifetimes today, they cause problems of chronology for Bible scholars, as the following quotation shows.

“The long lives ascribed to the patriarchs cause remarkable synchronisms and duplications. Adam lived to see the birth of Lamech, the ninth member of the genealogy; Seth lived to see the translation of Enoch and died shortly before the birth of Noah. Noah outlived Abraham’s grandfather, Nahor, and died in Abraham’s sixtieth year. Shem, Noah’s son, even outlived Abraham. He was still alive when Esau and Jacob were born!” [1]

Alternative readings and discussion of the ages are given under Methuselah. Methuselah or Metushélach ( is the oldest person whose age is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible.

Relation to other tribes

Many of the tribes living in the Middle East, between the time of Abraham and the time of Christ, have a genealogical connection to the Patriarchs or their descendants. The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. Abraham ( Ashkenazi   Avrohom or Avruhom; ابراهيم, {{Unicode|Ibrāhīm}}; Ge'ez: Christ is the English term for the Greek ( Khristós) meaning "the anointed " This list, taken from the book of Genesis, gives the details of that genealogy.



  • Nahor and Reumah, parents of Tebah, Gaham, Tahash, and Maacah
  • Haran, father of Lot
  • Lot and his older daughter, parents of Moab (Moabites)
  • Lot and his younger daughter, parents of Ben-ammi (Ammonites)






The twelve tribes of Israel include ten of the sons of Jacob, (excluding Levi and Joseph) and the two sons of Joseph. Noah (or Noe, Noach;; Nūḥ; Arabic: نوح; "Rest") was according to the Bible, the tenth and last of Shem (; Greek: Σημ, Sēm; Arabic: ar سام; Ge'ez: ሴም Sēm; "renown prosperity name" Ham (; Greek Χαμ, Cham; Arabic: ar حام, xam, "hot" according to the Table of Nations in Genesis, was a Japheth (ˈdʒeɪfɪθ Hebrew. יפת Greek Ιάφεθ, Iapheth, Latin Iafeth or Iapetus Arabic يافث Canaanites redirects here For the 1940s social and political movement in Israel, see Canaanites (movement. Canaanites redirects here For the 1940s social and political movement in Israel, see Canaanites (movement. Sidon,or Saïda, ( Arabic ar صيدا; Phoenician phoenician yodh The Hittites were an ancient Anatolian people who spoke a language of the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European language family and established According to the Hebrew Bible, the Jebusites ( were a Canaanite tribe who inhabited the region around Jerusalem prior to its capture by King David Amorite ( Sumerian MARTU, Akkadian Tidnum or Amurrūm, Egyptian Amar, Hebrew ’emōrî The Hivites were one of the sons of Canaan according to the Table of Nations in Genesis 10 Terah or Térach ( was the father of Abraham mentioned in the Hebrew Bible. Abraham ( Ashkenazi   Avrohom or Avruhom; ابراهيم, {{Unicode|Ibrāhīm}}; Ge'ez: Nahor (or Nacor ( Heb נָחֹור) is the name of two persons in Torah who were both descended from Arpachshad: The son of For the village in Azerbaijan see Haran Azerbaijan. In the Bible, Haran is the name of a man and of a place Hagar (הָגָר "Stranger" Standard Hebrew Hagar, Tiberian Hebrew Hāḡār; هاجر Hajar) according to the Ishmael ( Hebrew: יִשְׁמָעֵאל, Standard Yišmaʿel Tiberian Yišmāʿêl Arabic: إسماعيل According to both Biblical and Qur'anic tradition Abraham had two wives Sarah and Hagar. According to the Hebrew Bible, Keturah or Ketura ( was the woman whom Abraham, the Patriarch of the Israelites, married after the According to the Hebrew Bible, Zimran ( also known as Zambran. Nahor (or Nacor ( Heb נָחֹור) is the name of two persons in Torah who were both descended from Arpachshad: The son of Milcah (related to the Hebrew word for " queen " is the name of two women in the Hebrew Bible: Milcah daughter of Haran in The Sons of Eber or Bnei Ever (בני-עבר a synonym for the earliest cultural Hebrews are first mentioned in the Hebrew Bible in Genesis 1021 ( text Bethuel (בתואל &ndash Hebrew for “house of God ” in the Hebrew Bible, was an Aramean man the youngest son of Nahor and The Aramaeans (also Arameans) ( Aramaic / Syriac: ܐܪܡܝܐ, Ārāmāye' were a Semitic (West Semitic language group Laban ( is the son of Bethuel, brother of Rebecca and the father of Leah and Rachel as described in the Book of Genesis. This article is about the biblical matriarch For other uses of the word Rebecca see Rebecca (disambiguation Rebecca (also Rebekah also Leah ( "Weary tired" is the first of the four concurrent wives of the Hebrew patriarch Jacob, and mother of six of the Twelve Tribes of Israel along Rachel (; meaning "ewe" is the second and favorite Wife of Jacob and mother of Joseph and Benjamin, first mentioned in the According to the Bible and the Quran, Lot ( Arabic: لوط, Lūṭ |; "Hidden covered" was the Nephew Moab (; Greek Μωάβ; Arabic مؤاب, Assyrian Mu'aba, Ma'ba, Ma'ab; Egyptian Moab (; Greek Μωάβ; Arabic مؤاب, Assyrian Mu'aba, Ma'ba, Ma'ab; Egyptian Ammon or Ammonites ( also referred to in the Bible as the "children of Ammon" were a people (also known from Assyrian and other records living east Sarah (; Arabic: سارة, Sārah; "a woman of high rank" is the wife of Abraham as described in the Hebrew Bible According to the Hebrew Bible, Isaac ( Hebrew: Yitzchak יִצְחָק, Standard Yiẓḥaq Jacob ( Hebrew: יַעֲקֹב, Standard   Yaʿaqov Tiberian   Yaʿăqōḇ; Esau (ˈisɔ ( Hebrew, Standard Hebrew Esav, Tiberian Hebrew ʿĒśāw) is the brother of Jacob (whom God renamed This list contains persons named in The Bible of minor notability about whom either nothing or very little is known aside from any family connections For the figure from the Book of Job see Eliphaz (Job. For the kibbutz near Eilat see Elifaz (kibbutz. According to the Book of Genesis and 1 Chronicles, Amalek ( Arabic, عماليق, was the son of Eliphaz and the grandson of According to the Book of Genesis and 1 Chronicles, Amalek ( Arabic, عماليق, was the son of Eliphaz and the grandson of Reuben or Re'uven ( Hebrew: רְאוּבֵן, Standard Rəʾuven Tiberian Rəʾûḇēn This article discusses the Biblical patriarch See Levi Strauss for the inventor of jeans Levites for the Biblical tribe or Matthew the Evangelist Judah / Yehuda ( Hebrew: יְהוּדָה Standard Yəhuda Tiberian Yəhûḏāh) was according Issachar / Yissachar ( was according to the Book of Genesis, a son of Jacob and Leah (the fifth son of Leah and ninth son of Jacob and the Zebulun (also Zebulon, Zabulon or Zaboules, Hebrew: זְבֻלוּן or זְבוּלֻן or זְבוּלוּן Tiberian Hebrew Zəḇūlūn Joseph or Yosef (יוֹסֵ Standard Yosef Tiberian Yôsēp̄, يوسف Yusuf; "He Benjamin ( in the Book of Genesis, is a son of Jacob, the second (and last son of Rachel, and the founder of the Israelite Tribe of Benjamin In the Book of Genesis, Bilhah ( בִּלְהָה "Faltering bashful" Standard Hebrew Bilha, Tiberian Hebrew Bilhāh Dan ( Hebrew: דָּן Standard Dan Tiberian Dān "Judge" was according to the Book of Genesis, a Naphtali (ˈnæftəˌlaɪ ( was according to the Book of Genesis, the second son of Jacob and Bilhah, and the founder of the Israelite In the Book of Genesis, Zilpah ( זִלְפָּה "Drooping" Standard Hebrew Zilpa, Tiberian Hebrew Zilpāh) For Gad the prophet of King David see Gad (Bible prophet Gad ( was according to the Book of Genesis, the first son of Jacob Asher ( in the Book of Genesis, is the second son of Jacob and Zilpah, and the founder of the Tribe of Asher. Asenath ( or Asenith (in modern times sometimes trasliterated as Osnat) is a figure in the Book of Genesis, an Egyptian woman whom Pharaoh Ephraim ( Hebrew: אֶפְרַיִם/אֶפְרָיִם Standard Efráyim Tiberian ʾEp̄ráyim/ʾEp̄rāyim See also History of ancient Israel and Judah According to the Bible, the Israelites were the dominant group living in the Land of Israel.

Family Tree of Certain Patriarchs Mentioned in the Book of Genesis

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Adam
 
 Eve
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Cain
 
 
 
 
 Other Children
 
 
 
 
 Seth
 
 
 Abel
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 other people
 
 
 
 
 Noah
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Japheth
 
 
 Ham
 
 
 
 
 Shem
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Europeans
 
 
 Africans and Caananites
 
 
 
 
 Asians
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 First Wife
 
 Terah
 
 Second Wife
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Haran
 
 Nahor
 
 Hagar
 
 Abraham
 
 Sarah
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Lot
 
 Bethuel
 
 
 
 Ishmael
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Laban
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rebecca
 
 Isaac
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Leah and Rachel
 
 Jacob
 
 
 
 
 
 Esau
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Several Children

References

  1. ^ Von Rad, G. See also Adam and Eve Adam ( Hebrew: אָדָם was according to a literal interpretation of Genesis, the first man created by In Genesis, Eve is the first woman the wife of Adam. God created her from Adam's rib as his helpmate This article is about the Biblical Seth For the Egyptian god Seth see Set (mythology; for other meanings see Seth (disambiguation. Noah (or Noe, Noach;; Nūḥ; Arabic: نوح; "Rest") was according to the Bible, the tenth and last of Japheth (ˈdʒeɪfɪθ Hebrew. יפת Greek Ιάφεθ, Iapheth, Latin Iafeth or Iapetus Arabic يافث Ham (; Greek Χαμ, Cham; Arabic: ar حام, xam, "hot" according to the Table of Nations in Genesis, was a Shem (; Greek: Σημ, Sēm; Arabic: ar سام; Ge'ez: ሴም Sēm; "renown prosperity name" Terah or Térach ( was the father of Abraham mentioned in the Hebrew Bible. For the village in Azerbaijan see Haran Azerbaijan. In the Bible, Haran is the name of a man and of a place Nahor (or Nacor ( Heb נָחֹור) is the name of two persons in Torah who were both descended from Arpachshad: The son of Hagar (הָגָר "Stranger" Standard Hebrew Hagar, Tiberian Hebrew Hāḡār; هاجر Hajar) according to the Abraham ( Ashkenazi   Avrohom or Avruhom; ابراهيم, {{Unicode|Ibrāhīm}}; Ge'ez: Sarah (; Arabic: سارة, Sārah; "a woman of high rank" is the wife of Abraham as described in the Hebrew Bible According to the Bible and the Quran, Lot ( Arabic: لوط, Lūṭ |; "Hidden covered" was the Nephew Bethuel (בתואל &ndash Hebrew for “house of God ” in the Hebrew Bible, was an Aramean man the youngest son of Nahor and Ishmael ( Hebrew: יִשְׁמָעֵאל, Standard Yišmaʿel Tiberian Yišmāʿêl Arabic: إسماعيل This article is about the biblical matriarch For other uses of the word Rebecca see Rebecca (disambiguation Rebecca (also Rebekah also According to the Hebrew Bible, Isaac ( Hebrew: Yitzchak יִצְחָק, Standard Yiẓḥaq Leah ( "Weary tired" is the first of the four concurrent wives of the Hebrew patriarch Jacob, and mother of six of the Twelve Tribes of Israel along Rachel (; meaning "ewe" is the second and favorite Wife of Jacob and mother of Joseph and Benjamin, first mentioned in the Jacob ( Hebrew: יַעֲקֹב, Standard   Yaʿaqov Tiberian   Yaʿăqōḇ; Esau (ˈisɔ ( Hebrew, Standard Hebrew Esav, Tiberian Hebrew ʿĒśāw) is the brother of Jacob (whom God renamed (trans Marks, J. H. ) 1961 Genesis - a commentary Philadelphia: Westminster Press

See also


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Patriarchy is the structuring of Society on the basis of Family units where fathers have primary responsibility for the welfare of hence authority over Matriarchy is a term which is applied to gynocentric form of Society, in which the leading role is by the Female and especially by the Mothers The Matriarchs ( are four important women mentioned in the Book of Genesis of the Hebrew Bible, the wives of the Biblical Patriarchs.
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