In linguistics, a grammatical patient is the participant of a situation upon whom an action is carried out. Linguistics is the scientific study of Language, encompassing a number of sub-fields A patient as differentiated from a theme must undergo a change in state. At the very least, there is debate to this effect. Also, patient is the name of the thematic relation with the above definition. In Linguistics, thematic relations express the meaning that a Noun phrase plays with respect to the action or state described by a sentence's verb
Typically, the situation is denoted by a sentence, the action by a verb in the sentence, and the agent by a noun phrase. In Linguistics, a sentence is a grammatical unit of one or more words bearing minimal syntactic relation to the words that precede or follow it often preceded and followed For English usage of verbs see the wiki article English verbs. In grammatical theory, a noun phrase (abbreviated NP) is a Phrase whose head is a Noun or a Pronoun, optionally accompanied
For example, in the sentence "Jack kicked the ball", "the ball" is the patient. In certain languages, the patient is declined for case or otherwise marked to indicate its grammatical role. In Linguistics, declension (or declination) is the occurrence of Inflection in Nouns Pronouns and Adjectives indicating In Grammar, the case of a Noun or Pronoun indicates its Grammatical function in a greater Phrase or Clause; such as the In Japanese, for instance, the patient is typically affixed with |o| (the hiragana を). is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities is a Japanese Syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing system, along with Katakana and Kanji; the Latin alphabet Although Modern English does not mark grammatical role, patienthood is represented irregularly in other ways; for instance, with the morphemes "-en", "-ed", or "-ee", as in "eaten", "used", or "payee". English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States In Morpheme-based morphology, a morpheme is the smallest linguistic unit that has semantic meaning.
The grammatical patient is often confused with the direct object. An object in Grammar is a Sentence element and part of the sentence predicate. However, there is a significant difference. The former is based explicitly on its relationship to the verb, whereas the latter is based primarily on its relationship to the subject. For English usage of verbs see the wiki article English verbs. According to a tradition that can be tracked back to Aristotle, every sentence can be divided in two main constituents, one being the subject of the sentence and the For example, in the phrase "The dog bites the man", the man is both the patient and the direct object. The dog ( Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated Subspecies of the gray wolf, a Mammal of the Canidae family of the order A man is a Male Human. The term man (irregular plural By contrast, in the phrase "The man is bitten by the dog", the man is still the patient, but now stands as the phrase's subject; while the dog is the agent and the direct object. In Linguistics, a grammatical agent is the Participant of a situation that carries out the action in this situation The term theme is often used to describe the same relation as patient.
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