Large-tooth flounders
Pacific sanddab, Citharichthys sordidus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Actinopterygii Order: Pleuronectiformes Family: Paralichthyidae
Genera
Ancylopsetta Cephalopsetta Citharichthys Cyclopsetta Etropus Gastropsetta Hippoglossina Paralichthys Pseudorhombus Syacium Tarphops Tephrinectes Thysanopsetta Xystreurys See text for species. The Pacific sanddab is a species of Sanddab ( Citharichthys sordidus) Chordates ( Phylum Chordata) are a group of Animals that includes the Vertebrates together with several closely related Invertebrates The Actinopterygii (the plural form of Actinopterygius) comprise the class of the ray-finned fishes. The flatfish are an order ( Pleuronectiformes) of Ray-finned fish, also called the Heterosomata sometimes classified as a suborder of Perciformes Cephalopsetta ventrocellatus is a species of large-tooth flounder, the only member of the genus Cephalopsetta. A sanddab is an edible Flatfish of the Genus Citharichthys. Like other flatfish they have both eyes on the same side of the head most The Shrimp flounder ( Gastropsetta frontalis) is a species of large-tooth flounder, the only member of its genus Gastropsetta.

Large-tooth flounders are a family, Paralichthyidae, of flounders. Flounder (rarely fluke) are Flatfish that live in ocean waters ie ^[1] They lie on the sea bed on their right side; both eyes are on the left side of the head.

They are found in temperate and tropical waters of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's Oceanic divisions covering about 20% of the water on the Earth 's surface The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions

Several species are important commercial and game fishes, notably the California halibut, Paralichthys californicus and the Pacific sanddab, Citharichthys sordidus. The California halibut or California flounder, Paralichthys californicus, is a Large-tooth flounder that ranges from Bodega Bay California The Pacific sanddab is a species of Sanddab ( Citharichthys sordidus)

Species

There are 115 species in 14 genera:^[1][2]

• Genus Ancylopsetta
  • Ancylopsetta antillarum Gutherz, 1966.
  • Cyclope flounder, Ancylopsetta cycloidea Tyler, 1959.
  • Three-spot flounder, Ancylopsetta dendritica Gilbert, 1890.
  • Three-eye flounder, Ancylopsetta dilecta
  • Foureyed flounder, Ancylopsetta kumperae Tyler, 1959.
  • Ancylopsetta microctenus Gutherz, 1966.
  • Gulf of Mexico ocellated flounder, Ancylopsetta ommata (Jordan & Gilbert, 1883). David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist
• Genus Cephalopsetta
  • Cephalopsetta ventrocellatus Dutt & Rao, 1965. Cephalopsetta ventrocellatus is a species of large-tooth flounder, the only member of the genus Cephalopsetta. Cephalopsetta ventrocellatus is a species of large-tooth flounder, the only member of the genus Cephalopsetta.
• Genus Citharichthys
  • Veracruz whiff, Citharichthys abbotti Dawson, 1969. A sanddab is an edible Flatfish of the Genus Citharichthys. Like other flatfish they have both eyes on the same side of the head most
  • Citharichthys amblybregmatus Gutherz & Blackman, 1970.
  • Gulf Stream flounder, Citharichthys arctifrons Goode, 1880. George Brown Goode ( 13 February, 1851 - 6 September, 1896) was an Ichthyologist, although most of his time was spent as a museum
  • Sand whiff, Citharichthys arenaceus Evermann & Marsh, 1900.
  • Horned whiff, Citharichthys cornutus (Günther, 1880). Large-tooth flounders are a family Paralichthyidae, of Flounders They lie on the sea bed on their right side both eyes are on the left side of the head Albrecht Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther FRS (also Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf Gunther) October 3, 1830 – February 1
  • Spined whiff, Citharichthys dinoceros Goode & Bean, 1886. George Brown Goode ( 13 February, 1851 - 6 September, 1896) was an Ichthyologist, although most of his time was spent as a museum Tarleton Hoffman Bean (1846–1916 was an American Ichthyologist, born at Bainbridge Pennsylvania.
  • Gulf sanddab, Citharichthys fragilis Gilbert, 1890.
  • Bigmouth sanddab, Citharichthys gilberti Jenkins & Evermann, 1889.
  • Citharichthys gnathus Hoshino & Amaoka, 1999.
  • Mimic sandab, Citharichthys gordae Beebe & Tee-Van, 1938. Charles William ("Will" Beebe ( July 29, 1877 &ndash June 4, 1962) was an American naturalist, explorer
  • Anglefin whiff, Citharichthys gymnorhinus Gutherz & Blackman, 1970.
  • Spotted whiff, Citharichthys macrops Dresel, 1885.
  • Five-rayed sanddab, Citharichthys mariajorisae van der Heiden & Mussot-Pérez, 1995.
  • Citharichthys minutus Cervigón, 1982.
  • Small sandab, Citharichthys platophrys Gilbert, 1891.
  • Pacific sanddab, Citharichthys sordidus (Girard, 1854). The Pacific sanddab is a species of Sanddab ( Citharichthys sordidus) The Pacific sanddab is a species of Sanddab ( Citharichthys sordidus) Charles Frédéric Girard ( March 8, 1822 - January 29, 1895) was a French Biologist specializing on Ichthyology
  • Bay whiff, Citharichthys spilopterus Günther, 1862. Albrecht Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther FRS (also Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf Gunther) October 3, 1830 – February 1
  • Smooth flounder, Citharichthys stampflii (Steindachner, 1894). Franz Steindachner ( November 11, 1834 - December 10, 1919) was an Austrian Zoologist.
  • Speckled sanddab, Citharichthys stigmaeus Jordan & Gilbert, 1882. The Speckled sanddab ( Citharichthys stigmaeus) is a species of Flounder in the genus Citharichthys. The Speckled sanddab ( Citharichthys stigmaeus) is a species of Flounder in the genus Citharichthys. David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist
  • Citharichthys surinamensis (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Marcus Elieser Bloch (1723 - 1799 was a German Medical doctor and Naturalist. Johann Gottlob Theaenus Schneider ( January 18, 1750 &ndash January 12, 1822) was a German Classicist and naturalist
  • Voodoo whiff, Citharichthys uhleri Jordan, 1889. David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist
  • Citharichthys valdezi Cervigón, 1986.
  • Longfin sanddab, Citharichthys xanthostigma Gilbert, 1890.
• Genus Cyclopsetta
  • Mexican flounder, Cyclopsetta chittendeni Bean, 1895. Tarleton Hoffman Bean (1846–1916 was an American Ichthyologist, born at Bainbridge Pennsylvania.
  • Cyclopsetta decussata Gunter, 1946.
  • Spotfin flounder, Cyclopsetta fimbriata (Goode & Bean, 1885). The Spotfin flounder ( Cyclopsetta fimbriata) is a species of large-tooth flounder native to the western Atlantic Ocean. The Spotfin flounder ( Cyclopsetta fimbriata) is a species of large-tooth flounder native to the western Atlantic Ocean. George Brown Goode ( 13 February, 1851 - 6 September, 1896) was an Ichthyologist, although most of his time was spent as a museum Tarleton Hoffman Bean (1846–1916 was an American Ichthyologist, born at Bainbridge Pennsylvania.
  • God's flounder, Cyclopsetta panamensis (Steindachner, 1876). Franz Steindachner ( November 11, 1834 - December 10, 1919) was an Austrian Zoologist.
  • Toothed flounder, Cyclopsetta querna (Jordan & Bollman, 1890). David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist
• Genus Etropus
  • Fringed flounder, Etropus crossotus Jordan & Gilbert, 1882. David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist
  • Shelf flounder, Etropus cyclosquamus Leslie & Stewart, 1986.
  • Etropus delsmani delsmani Chabanaud, 1940.
  • Delsman's flounder, Etropus delsmani pacificus Nielsen, 1963.
  • Sole flounder, Etropus ectenes Jordan, 1889. David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist
  • Etropus intermedius Norman, 1933.
  • Etropus longimanus Norman, 1933.
  • Smallmouth flounder, Etropus microstomus (Gill, 1864). Theodore Nicholas Gill ( March 21, 1837 – September 25, 1914) was an American Ichthyologist, Mammalogist,
  • Peruvian flounder, Etropus peruvianus Hildebrand, 1946.
  • Gray flounder, Etropus rimosus Goode & Bean, 1885. George Brown Goode ( 13 February, 1851 - 6 September, 1896) was an Ichthyologist, although most of his time was spent as a museum Tarleton Hoffman Bean (1846–1916 was an American Ichthyologist, born at Bainbridge Pennsylvania.

• Genus Gastropsetta
  • Shrimp flounder, Gastropsetta frontalis Bean, 1895. The Shrimp flounder ( Gastropsetta frontalis) is a species of large-tooth flounder, the only member of its genus Gastropsetta. The Shrimp flounder ( Gastropsetta frontalis) is a species of large-tooth flounder, the only member of its genus Gastropsetta. The Shrimp flounder ( Gastropsetta frontalis) is a species of large-tooth flounder, the only member of its genus Gastropsetta. Tarleton Hoffman Bean (1846–1916 was an American Ichthyologist, born at Bainbridge Pennsylvania.
• Genus Hippoglossina
  • Spotted flounder, Hippoglossina bollmani Gilbert, 1890.
  • Bigeye flounder, Hippoglossina macrops (Dresel, 1885).
  • Hippoglossina montemaris de Buen, 1961.
  • Hippoglossina mystacium Ginsburg, 1936.
  • American fourspot flounder, Hippoglossina oblonga (Mitchill, 1815).
  • Bigmouth flounder, Hippoglossina stomata Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890. Rosa Smith Eigenmann ( October 7, 1858 - January 12, 1947) was the first notable female Ichthyologist; first publishing in her own Carl H Eigenmann ( March 9, 1863 - April 24, 1927) was an Ichthyologist who along with his wife Rosa Smith Eigenmann,
  • Fourspot flounder, Hippoglossina tetrophthalma (Gilbert, 1890).
• Genus Paralichthys
  • Fine flounder, Paralichthys adspersus (Steindachner, 1867). The Fine flounder ( Paralichthys adspersus) is a species of large-tooth flounder native to the eastern Pacific Ocean, along the Continental shelf The Fine flounder ( Paralichthys adspersus) is a species of large-tooth flounder native to the eastern Pacific Ocean, along the Continental shelf Franz Steindachner ( November 11, 1834 - December 10, 1919) was an Austrian Zoologist.
  • Cortez flounder, Paralichthys aestuarius Gilbert & Scofield, 1898.
  • Gulf flounder, Paralichthys albigutta Jordan & Gilbert, 1882. David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist
  • Brazilian flounder, Paralichthys brasiliensis (Ranzani, 1842).
  • California halibut, Paralichthys californicus (Ayres, 1859). The California halibut or California flounder, Paralichthys californicus, is a Large-tooth flounder that ranges from Bodega Bay California The California halibut or California flounder, Paralichthys californicus, is a Large-tooth flounder that ranges from Bodega Bay California William Orville Ayres ( September 11, 1817 - April 30, 1887) was an American Physician and Ichthyologist.
  • Paralichthys coeruleosticta Steindachner, 1898. Franz Steindachner ( November 11, 1834 - December 10, 1919) was an Austrian Zoologist.
  • Paralichthys delfini Pequeño & Plaza, 1987.
  • Summer flounder, Paralichthys dentatus (Linnaeus, 1766). Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for
  • Paralichthys fernandezianus Steindachner, 1903. Franz Steindachner ( November 11, 1834 - December 10, 1919) was an Austrian Zoologist.
  • Paralichthys hilgendorfii Steindachner, 1903. Franz Steindachner ( November 11, 1834 - December 10, 1919) was an Austrian Zoologist.
  • Paralichthys isosceles Jordan, 1891. David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist
  • Southern flounder, Paralichthys lethostigma Jordan & Gilbert, 1884. David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist
  • Paralichthys microps (Günther, 1881). Albrecht Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther FRS (also Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf Gunther) October 3, 1830 – February 1
  • Bastard halibut, Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846). The Olive flounder or Bastard halibut ( Paralichthys olivaceus;) is a species of large-tooth flounder native to the north-western Pacific Ocean The Olive flounder or Bastard halibut ( Paralichthys olivaceus;) is a species of large-tooth flounder native to the north-western Pacific Ocean Coenraad Jacob Temminck ( March 31, 1778, Amsterdam - January 30, 1858, Lisse) was a Dutch aristocrat and Hermann Schlegel ( June 10, 1804 - January 17, 1884) was a German Ornithologist.
  • Paralichthys orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1842). Achille Valenciennes ( August 9, 1794 - April 13, 1865) was a French Zoologist.
  • Patagonian flounder, Paralichthys patagonicus Jordan, 1889. David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist
  • Paralichthys schmitti Ginsburg, 1933.
  • Broad flounder, Paralichthys squamilentus Jordan & Gilbert, 1882. David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist
  • Paralichthys triocellatus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903.
  • Tropical flounder, Paralichthys tropicus Ginsburg, 1933.
  • Speckled flounder, Paralichthys woolmani Jordan & Williams, 1897. David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist
• Genus Pseudorhombus
  • Ringed flounder, Pseudorhombus annulatus Norman, 1927.
  • Peacock flounder, Pseudorhombus argus Weber, 1913.
  • Largetooth flounder, Pseudorhombus arsius (Hamilton, 1822).
  • Pseudorhombus binii Tortonese, 1955.
  • Cinnamon flounder, Pseudorhombus cinnamoneus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846). Coenraad Jacob Temminck ( March 31, 1778, Amsterdam - January 30, 1858, Lisse) was a Dutch aristocrat and Hermann Schlegel ( June 10, 1804 - January 17, 1884) was a German Ornithologist.
  • Pseudorhombus ctenosquamis (Oshima, 1927).
  • Four twin-spot flounder, Pseudorhombus diplospilus Norman, 1926.
  • Ocellated flounder, Pseudorhombus dupliciocellatus Regan, 1905. Charles Tate Regan ( February 1, 1878 - January 12, 1943) was a British ichthyologist, working mainly around the beginning
  • Deep flounder, Pseudorhombus elevatus Ogilby, 1912. William Ogilby (1808 &ndash 1873 was an Irish Barrister and naturalist.
  • Javan flounder, Pseudorhombus javanicus (Bleeker, 1853). Pieter Bleeker ( July 10 1819, Zaandam - January 24 1878, The Hague) was a Dutch Medical doctor
  • Small-toothed flounder, Pseudorhombus jenynsii (Bleeker, 1855). Pieter Bleeker ( July 10 1819, Zaandam - January 24 1878, The Hague) was a Dutch Medical doctor
  • Pseudorhombus levisquamis (Oshima, 1927).
  • Malayan flounder, Pseudorhombus malayanus Bleeker, 1865. Pieter Bleeker ( July 10 1819, Zaandam - January 24 1878, The Hague) was a Dutch Medical doctor
  • Pseudorhombus megalops Fowler, 1934.
  • Pseudorhombus micrognathus Norman, 1927.
  • Natal flounders, Pseudorhombus natalensis Gilchrist, 1904.
  • Pseudorhombus neglectus Bleeker, 1865. Pieter Bleeker ( July 10 1819, Zaandam - January 24 1878, The Hague) was a Dutch Medical doctor
  • Pseudorhombus oculocirris Amaoka, 1969.
  • Roughscale flounder, Pseudorhombus oligodon (Bleeker, 1854). Pieter Bleeker ( July 10 1819, Zaandam - January 24 1878, The Hague) was a Dutch Medical doctor
  • Fivespot flounder, Pseudorhombus pentophthalmus Günther, 1862. Albrecht Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther FRS (also Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf Gunther) October 3, 1830 – February 1
  • Pseudorhombus polyspilos (Bleeker, 1853). Pieter Bleeker ( July 10 1819, Zaandam - January 24 1878, The Hague) was a Dutch Medical doctor
  • Five-eyed flounder, Pseudorhombus quinquocellatus Weber & de Beaufort, 1929.
  • Pseudorhombus russellii (Gray, 1834). John Edward Gray ( 12 February 1800 &ndash 7 March 1875) was a British zoologist.
  • Spiny flounder, Pseudorhombus spinosus McCulloch, 1914.
  • Pseudorhombus tenuirastrum (Waite, 1899).
  • Three spotted flounder, Pseudorhombus triocellatus (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903).
• Genus Syacium
  • Syacium guineensis (Bleeker, 1862). Pieter Bleeker ( July 10 1819, Zaandam - January 24 1878, The Hague) was a Dutch Medical doctor
  • Shoal flounder, Syacium gunteri Ginsburg, 1933.
  • Beach flounder, Syacium latifrons (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882). David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist
  • Longfin flounder, Syacium longidorsale Murakami & Amaoka, 1992.
  • Clearspot flounder, Syacium maculiferum (Garman, 1899). Samuel Walton Garman (1843-1927 was a naturalist / Zoologist from Pennsylvania
  • Channel flounder, Syacium micrurum Ranzani, 1842.
  • Oval flounder, Syacium ovale (Günther, 1864). Albrecht Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther FRS (also Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf Gunther) October 3, 1830 – February 1
  • Dusky flounder, Syacium papillosum (Linnaeus, 1758). Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for
    

    Dusky flounder, Syacium papillosum
• Genus Tarphops
  • Tarphops elegans Amaoka, 1969.
  • Tarphops oligolepis (Bleeker, 1858–1859). Pieter Bleeker ( July 10 1819, Zaandam - January 24 1878, The Hague) was a Dutch Medical doctor
• Genus Tephrinectes
  • Tephrinectes sinensis (Lacépède, 1802). Bernard-Germain-Étienne de La Ville-sur-Illon comte de Lacépède or La Cépède ( December 26, 1756 &ndash October 6, 1825) was
• Genus Thysanopsetta
  • Thysanopsetta naresi Günther, 1880. Albrecht Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther FRS (also Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf Gunther) October 3, 1830 – February 1
• Genus Xystreurys
  • Fantail flounder, Xystreurys liolepis Jordan & Gilbert, 1880. David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist
  • Xystreurys rasile (Jordan, 1891). David Starr Jordan PhD LLD ( January 19, 1851 &ndash September 19, 1931) was a leading eugenicist, Ichthyologist

References

1. ^ ^{a b} "Paralichthyidae". FishBase. FishBase is a comprehensive Database of information about Fish. Ed. Rainer Froese and Daniel Pauly. February 2006 version. N. p. : FishBase, 2006.
2. ^ Paralichthyidae (TSN 172714). Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Integrated Taxonomic Information System ( ITIS) is a partnership designed to provide consistent and reliable information on the Taxonomy of biological Species Retrieved on 2 April [[{{{year}}}]]. Events 68 - Galba, Governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani, breaking the line of

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