The Paradise garden is a form of garden, originally just paradise, a word derived from the Median language, or Old Persian. A garden is a planned space usually outdoors set aside for the display cultivation and enjoyment of Plants and other forms of Nature. Paradise is a word of Persian origin ( Persian: پردیس Pardìs) that is generally identified with the Garden of Eden or with Heaven. In Probability theory and Statistics, a median is described as the number separating the higher half of a sample a population or a Probability distribution The Old Persian language is one of the two attested Old Iranian languages (besides Avestan) Its original meaning was a walled-in compound or garden; from pairi (around) and daeza or diz (wall, brick, or shape). A garden is a planned space usually outdoors set aside for the display cultivation and enjoyment of Plants and other forms of Nature. The name has come to be commonly used in English and other European languages as an alternative for heaven. Heaven may refer to the physical heavens the sky or the seemingly endless expanse of the Universe beyond Because of the additional meanings for the word, the enclosed garden of the original concept is now often referred to as a paradise garden.
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Character and layout
The paradise garden takes some of its character from its original arid or semi-arid homeland. The most basic feature is the enclosure of the cultivated area. This excludes the wildness of nature, and includes the tended, watered greenery of the garden. The commonest and easiest layout for the perimeter walls is that of a rectangle, and this forms one of the prime features of this kind of garden. Another common theme is the elaborate use of water, often in canals, ponds or rills, sometimes in fountains, less often in waterfalls of various kinds. Canals are artificial channels for water There are two types of canals water conveyance canals which are used for the conveyance and delivery of water and Waterways A pond is a body of water smaller than a Lake, both being examples of Terrain features Although the term pond is universally used to describe waterbodies that A traditional fountain is an arrangement where water issues from a source ( Latin fons) fills a basin of some kind and is drained away A waterfall is usually a geological formation resulting from water often in the form of a Stream, flowing over an Erosion -resistant rock
The rectangular or rectilinear theme of the garden is often extended to the water features, which may be used to quarter the garden. This layout is echoed in the four rivers of the Garden of Eden, and much of the use and symbolism of the paradise garden is derived from this connection. Not to be confused with Eden Gardens.The Garden of Eden ( Hebrew "pleasure" גַּן עֵדֶן Arabic: جنات عدن, The contrast between a formal garden layout with the informality of free-growing plants provides a recurring theme to many paradise gardens.
Derived garden types
The Persian paradise garden is one of the handful of fundamental original garden types from which all the world's gardens derive, in various combinations. In its simplest form, the Persian garden consists of a formal rectangle of water, with enough of a flow to give it life and movement, and with a raised platform to view it from. A pavilion provides more permanent shelter than the original tent, and strictly aligned, formally arranged trees, especially the chenar or Platanus, provide shade, and the perimeter is walled for privacy and security. Platanus is a small genus of Trees native to the Northern Hemisphere. Odor and fruit are important elements in this pairedeza or paradise, which realizes the symbol of eternal life, a tree with a spring issuing at its roots. Paradise is a word of Persian origin ( Persian: پردیس Pardìs) that is generally identified with the Garden of Eden or with Heaven.
The Achaemenid kings set these gardens within enclosed royal hunting parks, a different landscape garden tradition, which they inherited from the Assyrians, for whom the ritual lion hunt was a rite that authenticated kingship, far more than a mere royal sport. The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenid Persian Empire ( haχɒmaneʃijɒn (558–330 BC was the first of the Persian Empires to rule over significant portions of Early history The most Neolithic site in Assyria is at Tell Hassuna, the center of the Hassuna culture
It became the foundation of much of the garden traditions of Islam, and later on of Europe. For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. Examples of the paradise garden and its derivatives can be seen today in many of the historic gardens of Islamic and European countries. This entry concerns the history of ornamental gardening considered as an amenity of civilized life as a vehicle for style for conspicuous show and even an expression of philosophy For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. In the east, the Persian garden gave rise to the Mughal gardens of India, a late example of which is the grounds of the Taj Mahal at Agra. The Taj Mahal (tɑdʒ In the farthest west, it is best known by the paved and tiled courtyards with arcades, pools and fountains of Moorish Andalusia. Andalusia (Andalucía is an autonomous community of Spain. It is the most populous and the second largest in terms of land area Most notably, they are used as the main design for the Versailles Gardens that almost replicate the outlines of paradisio gardens of pasargad and as inspiration for the gardens at the Louvre.
See also
External links
- C.M. Villiers Stuart Gardens of the Great Mughals (1913) Online text of history of Indian gardens. The tradition and style of Garden design of Persian gardens ( Persian باغ ایرانی influenced the design of gardens from Andalusia to India Mughal gardens are a group of Gardens built by the Mughals in the Islamic style of architecture This entry concerns the history of ornamental gardening considered as an amenity of civilized life as a vehicle for style for conspicuous show and even an expression of philosophy Indian Gardens The oldest evidence for the existence of gardens in India comes from literary sources Bāgh-e Ferdows ( Persian: باغ فردوس also known as Emārat-e Bāgh-e Ferdows and The Mohammadieh Palace, is part of a historical complex of garden
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