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Pancytopenia
Classification and external resources
ICD-10 D61. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify Diseases The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision ( ICD -10) is a coding of diseases and signs symptoms abnormal findings 0, R79. 1
ICD-9 284.1
DiseasesDB 24135
MeSH D010198

Pancytopenia is a medical condition in which there is a reduction in the number of red and white blood cells, as well as platelets. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify Diseases The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. The Diseases Database is a free Website that provides information about the relationships between medical conditions Symptoms, and Medications. Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH) is a huge Controlled vocabulary (or metadata system for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the Red blood cells are the most common type of Blood cell and the Vertebrate body's principal means of delivering Oxygen to the body tissues via the Blood Platelets, or Thrombocytes, are small cytoplasmic bodies derived from cells They circulate in the Blood of Mammals and are involved

Contents

Causes

Pancytopenia is generally due to diseases affecting the bone marrow, although peripheral destruction of all lines of blood cells in hypersplenism (overactive spleen) is a recognised cause. Bone marrow is the flexible tissue found in the hollow interior of Bones In adults marrow in large bones produces new Blood cells It constitutes 4% of Splenomegaly is an enlargement of the Spleen, which usually lies in the left upper quadrant (LUQ of the Human abdomen. Bone marrow problems causing pancytopenia include myelofibrosis, leukemia, aplastic anemia, and the malignant form of osteoporosis. Myelofibrosis, also known as myeloid metaplasia, chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis, and primary myelofibrosis, is a disorder of the Bone marrow Leukemia or leukaemia (Greek leukos λευκός, "white" aima αίμα, "blood" is a Cancer of the Blood Osteoporosis is a Disease of Bone that leads to an increased risk of fracture.

Chemotherapy for malignancies may also cause pancytopenia, if the drug or drugs used cause bone marrow suppression.

Increasingly, HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is itself a cause for pancytopenia.

Rarely, drugs (antibiotics, blood pressure medication, heart medication) can cause pancytopenia.

Diagnosis

Pancytopenia usually requires a bone marrow biopsy in order to distinguish among different causes.

Causes of pancytopenia

  1. Aplastic anemia
  2. Myelodysplastic syndrome
  3. Leukemia
  4. Leishmaniasis
  5. Severe Folate or Vitamin B12 deficiency
  6. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
  7. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (Urine test)
  8. Finally overwhelming viral infections (HIV most common). The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS formerly known as "preleukemia" are a diverse collection of hematological conditions united by ineffective production (or Leukemia or leukaemia (Greek leukos λευκός, "white" aima αίμα, "blood" is a Cancer of the Blood Leishmaniasis is a Disease caused by Protozoan Parasites that belong to the genus Leishmania and is transmitted by the bite of certain B12 deficiency is a reduction in Vitamin B12 from inadequate dietary intake or impaired absorption Systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE or lupus,) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can be fatal though with recent medical advances fatalities are becoming Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH sometimes referred to as Marchiafava-Micheli syndrome, is a rare acquired potentially life-threatening disease of the blood characterised

See also

Leukopenia (or leukocytopenia, or leucopenia, from Greek λευκό -white and πενία -deficiency is a decrease in the number of Neutropenia (adjective neutropenic) from Latin Prefix neutro- and Greek Suffix -πενία (deficiency is Neutrophil granulocytes, generally referred to as neutrophils, are the most abundant type of White blood cells in humans and form an essential part of the
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