Palm OS (Garnet OS)
A typical Palm OS display.
Website	Garnet OS
Company/ developer	Palm, Inc., ACCESS (Garnet OS)
OS family	Palm OS
Source model	Closed source
Initial release	1996
Latest stable release	Garnet 5. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages The software industry comprises businesses involved in the development, maintenance and publication of Computer software. A software developer is a person or organization concerned with facets of the software development process wider than design and coding a somewhat broader scope of Palm Inc is a Personal digital assistant and Smartphone manufacturer headquartered in Sunnyvale, California that is responsible for popular ( founded in April 1979 and incorporated in February 1984 in Tokyo Japan by Arakawa Toru and Kamada Tomihisa is a company providing a variety of software for connected and mobile devices such Proprietary software is Computer software on which the producer has set restrictions on use private modification copying, or republishing. 4. 9 (Cobalt 6. x has been disbanded) / 2006
License	EULA
Working state	Current

List of Mobile Operating Systems

Symbian OS m n s

Windows Mobile m n

iPhone OS n

Palm OS n

Openmoko Linux l n

Access Linux Platform l n s

Qtopia l m n

Internet Tablet OS l n

BlackBerry OS m

Android l m

LiMo Platform l m n MotoMagx

l = Linux based m = Managed code support n = Native code permitted s = Capability-based security

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Palm OS (also known as Garnet OS) is an embedded operating system initially developed by U.S. Robotics' owned Palm Computing, Inc. for personal digital assistants (PDAs) in 1996. A software license (or software licence in commonwealth usage is a Legal instrument governing the usage or redistribution of copyright protected software Operating systems can be categorized by technology ownership licensing working state usage and by many other characteristics Symbian OS is an open Operating system, designed for Mobile devices with associated libraries, User interface frameworks and Windows Mobile is a compact Operating system combined with a suite of basic applications for Mobile devices based on the Microsoft Win32 iPhone OS or OS X iPhone is the Operating system developed by Apple Inc Openmoko Linux is an Operating system for Smartphones developed by FIC. The Access Linux Platform, sometime referred to as a "next-generation version of the Palm OS " is an open source-based Operating system for mobile devices BlackBerry OS is the proprietary Software platform made by Research In Motion for their BlackBerry line of handhelds Android is a software platform and Operating system for Mobile devices based on the Linux Kernel, developed by Google The LiMo Platform is an Operating system and software development platform for Mobile phones and other handheld devices. MOTOMAGX is an Operating system developed by Motorola to run on their Mobile phones The system is a combination of Linux and Java Linux (commonly pronounced ˈlɪnəks Managed code is computer program code that executes under the management of a Virtual machine, unlike unmanaged code which is executed directly by the computer's Machine code or machine language is a system of instructions and data executed directly by a Computer 's Central processing unit. Capability-based security is a concept in the design of Secure computing systems An embedded operating system is an Operating system for embedded computer systems. An operating system (commonly abbreviated OS and O/S) is the software component of a Computer system that is responsible for the management and coordination US Robotics (often referred to by its abbreviation USR and not to be confused with U Palm Inc is a Personal digital assistant and Smartphone manufacturer headquartered in Sunnyvale, California that is responsible for popular Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Palm OS is designed for ease of use with a touchscreen-based graphical user interface. A Touch Screen is a display which can detect the presence and location of a touch within the display area It is provided with a suite of basic applications for personal information management. Besides Palm, several other licensees have manufactured devices powered by Palm OS. This is a list of Palm OS devices and companies that make or have made them The currently licensed version from ACCESS is now called Garnet OS, as the Palm trademark belongs to Palm, Inc.. ( founded in April 1979 and incorporated in February 1984 in Tokyo Japan by Arakawa Toru and Kamada Tomihisa is a company providing a variety of software for connected and mobile devices such Palm Inc is a Personal digital assistant and Smartphone manufacturer headquartered in Sunnyvale, California that is responsible for popular

Contents 1 Creator and ownership 2 OS overview 3 Version history and technical background 3.1 Palm OS 1.0 3.2 Palm OS 2.0 3.3 Palm OS 3.0 3.4 Palm OS 4.0 3.5 Palm OS 5 3.6 Palm OS Cobalt 3.7 Third party OS enhancements 4 Modernization 5 Built-in applications for Palm OS 5.1 Standard Palm OS applications 5.2 Common 3rd party core OS applications 6 Third-party applications 7 Application development 8 Legal issues 9 See also 10 References 11 External links

Creator and ownership

Palm OS was originally developed by Jeff Hawkins and Prabha Chappidi with his U.S. Robotics Corp. owned Palm Computing, Inc. U. Jeff Hawkins (born June 1, 1957 in Huntington New York) is the founder of Palm Computing (where he invented the Palm Pilot) US Robotics (often referred to by its abbreviation USR and not to be confused with U Palm Inc is a Personal digital assistant and Smartphone manufacturer headquartered in Sunnyvale, California that is responsible for popular S. Robotics was later bought by 3Com, which made the Palm subsidiary an independent publicly traded company on March 2, 2000^[1]. Events 986 - Louis V becomes King of the Franks. 1127 - Assassination of Charles the Good 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar.

In January 2002, Palm set up a wholly owned subsidiary to develop and license Palm OS^[2], which was named PalmSource. PalmSource, now known as ACCESS Systems Americas Inc is a subsidiary of ACCESS which develops the Palm OS PDA Operating system. PalmSource was then spun off from Palm as an independent company on October 28, 2003^[3]. Events 306 - Maxentius is proclaimed Roman Emperor. 312 - Battle of Milvian Bridge: Constantine Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Palm (then called palmOne) became a regular licensee of Palm OS, no longer in control of the operating system. This is a list of Palm OS devices and companies that make or have made them

In September 2005, PalmSource announced that it was being acquired by ACCESS^[4]. ( founded in April 1979 and incorporated in February 1984 in Tokyo Japan by Arakawa Toru and Kamada Tomihisa is a company providing a variety of software for connected and mobile devices such

In December 2006, Palm gained perpetual rights to the Palm OS Garnet source code from ACCESS^[5]. With this Palm can modify the licensed operating system as needed without paying further royalties to ACCESS. Together with the May 2005 acquisition of full rights to the Palm brand name^[6], only new operating system versions from Palm may be called 'Palm OS'.

As a consequence, on January 25, 2007 ACCESS announced a name change to their current Palm OS Garnet operating system, now titled Garnet OS^[7]. Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

OS overview

Palm OS is a proprietary, embedded operating system to power mobile devices. Proprietary software is Computer software on which the producer has set restrictions on use private modification copying, or republishing. An embedded operating system is an Operating system for embedded computer systems. Designed in 1996 for Palm Computing, Inc. 's new Pilot PDA, it has been implemented on a wide array of mobile devices, including smartphones, wrist watches, handheld gaming consoles, barcode readers and GPS devices. The Palm Pilot 1000 and Pilot 5000 were early Palm PDAs produced by Palm Inc A smartphone is a Mobile phone offering advanced capabilities beyond a typical mobile phone often with PC -like functionality A watch is a timepiece that is made to be worn on a person The term now usually refers to a wristwatch, which is worn on the wrist with a strap or Bracelet. A handheld game console is a lightweight portable electronic machine for playing Video games Unlike Video game consoles the controls screen and speakers A barcode reader (or barcode scanner) is an electronic device for reading printed Barcodes Like a Flatbed scanner, it consists of a light source a lens Basic concept of GPS operation A GPS receiver calculates its position by carefully timing the signals sent by the constellation of GPS Satellites high above the Earth

Palm OS versions earlier than 5. 0 run on Motorola/Freescale DragonBall processors. Motorola Inc ( is an American, multinational Fortune 100, Telecommunications company based in Schaumburg Illinois. Motorola / Freescale Semiconductor 's DragonBall, or MC68328, is a Microcontroller design based on the famous 68000 core but implemented From version 5. 0 onwards, Palm OS runs on ARM architecture-based processors. The ARM architecture (previously the Advanced RISC Machine, and prior to that Acorn RISC Machine) is a 32-bit RISC processor architecture

The key features of the current Palm OS (Garnet 5. 4) are:

• Simple, single-tasking environment to allow launching of full screen applications with a basic, common GUI set
• Monochrome or color screens with resolutions up to 480x320
• Handwriting recognition input system called Graffiti 2
• HotSync technology for synchronization with desk top computers
• Sound playback and record capabilities
• Simple security model: Device can be locked by password, arbitrary application records can be made private
• TCP/IP network access
• Serial port/USB, Infrared, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi connections
• Expansion memory card support
• Defined standard data format for personal information management applications to store calendar, address, task and note entries, accessible by third-party applications. Handwriting recognition is the ability of a computer to receive and interpret intelligible Handwritten input such as pendrives digital cameras and other devices Graffiti 2 is a new version of the Palm OS handwriting system Graffiti, that was introduced in 2003 Palm OS (also known as Garnet OS) is an embedded Operating system initially developed by U In Computer science, synchronization refers to one of two distinct but related concepts synchronization of processes, and synchronization of data The Internet Protocol Suite (commonly TCP/IP) is the set of Communications protocols used for the Internet and other similar networks In Computing, a serial port is a Serial communication physical interface through which information transfers in or out one Bit at a time (contrast The Infrared Data Association ( IrDA) defines physical specifications Communications protocol standards for the short-range exchange of Data Bluetooth is a wireless protocol utilizing short-range communications technology facilitating data transmission over short distances from fixed and/or mobile devices creating wireless Wi-Fi (ˈwaɪfaɪ is the trade name for the popular wireless technology used A memory card or flash memory card is a solid-state electronic Flash memory Data storage device used with Digital

Included with the OS is also a set of standard applications, with the most relevant ones for the four mentioned PIM operations. Palm OS (also known as Garnet OS) is an embedded Operating system initially developed by U

Version history and technical background

Manufacturers are free to implement different features of the OS in their devices or even add new features. This version history describes the officially licensed version from Palm/PalmSource/ACCESS.

Palm OS 1. 0

Palm OS 1. 0 is the original version present on the Pilot 1000 and 5000. The Palm Pilot 1000 and Pilot 5000 were early Palm PDAs produced by Palm Inc This version and all versions prior to Palm OS 5 are based on top of the AMX 68000^[8] kernel licensed from KADAK Products Ltd. In Computer science, the kernel is the central component of most computer Operating systems (OS While this kernel is technically capable of multitasking, the "terms and conditions of that license specifically state that Palm may not expose the API for creating/manipulating tasks within the OS. " ^[9].

Palm OS does not differentiate between RAM and file system storage. In Computing, a file system (often also written as filesystem) is a method for storing and organizing Computer files and the data they contain to make Applications are installed directly into RAM and executed in place. As no dedicated file system is supported, the operation system depends on constant RAM refresh cycles to keep its memory. The OS supports 160x160 monochrome output displays. User input is generated through the Graffiti handwriting recognition system or optionally through a virtual keyboard. Graffiti is the Handwriting recognition software used in PDAs based on the Palm OS. Handwriting recognition is the ability of a computer to receive and interpret intelligible Handwritten input such as pendrives digital cameras and other devices A virtual keyboard is a software and/or hardware component that allows a user to enter characters The system supports data synchronization to another PC via its HotSync technology over a serial interface. In Computer science, synchronization refers to one of two distinct but related concepts synchronization of processes, and synchronization of data The latest bugfix release is version 1. 0. 7.

Version 1. 0 features the classic PIM applications Address, Date Book, Memo Pad, and To Do List. Also included is a calculator and the Security tool to hide records for private use.

Palm OS 2. 0

Palm OS 2. 0 was introduced on March 10, 1997 with the PalmPilot Personal and Professional^[10]. Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar This is a new page about the Second Generation of Palm PDAs For the generic page see Palm (PDA The PalmPilot Personal and PalmPilot Professional This version adds TCP/IP network, network HotSync, and display backlight support. The Internet Protocol Suite (commonly TCP/IP) is the set of Communications protocols used for the Internet and other similar networks The last bugfix release is version 2. 0. 5.

Two new applications, Mail and Expense are added, and the standard PIM applications have been enhanced.

Palm OS 3. 0

Palm OS 3. 0 was introduced on March 9, 1998 with the launch of the Palm III series^[11]. Events 590 - Bahram Chobin is crowned as king Barham VI of Persia. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) The Palm III was the first PDA in the Palm III lineup and is also Palm Computing 's first handheld to support Infrared file transfer and a Flash ROM This version adds IrDA infrared and enhanced font support. The Infrared Data Association ( IrDA) defines physical specifications Communications protocol standards for the short-range exchange of Data This version also features updated PIM applications and an update to the application launcher.

Palm OS 3. 1 adds only minor new features, like network HotSync support. It was introduced with the Palm IIIx and Palm V^[12]. The Palm IIIx is a PDA from Palm Computing released in 1999, briefly before the scaled down Palm IIIe was introduced into the marketplace The Palm V was a Palm Handheld device introduced in February 1999 distinguished from its predecessors (the popular Palm III models by its sleeker metal-clad

Palm OS 3. 2 adds Web Clipping support, which is an early Palm-specific solution to bring web-content to a small PDA screen. It was introduced with the Palm VII organizer. The Palm VII product family consisted of two products the Palm VII (released May 1999 and the Palm VIIx Palm Pilots These were produced by Palm Inc

Palm OS 3. 3 adds faster HotSync speeds and the ability to do infrared hotsyncing. It was introduced with the Palm Vx organizer. The Palm Vx was considered a professional grade PDA, and retailed for US$299

Palm OS 3. 5 is the first version to include native 8-bit color support. It also adds major convenience feature that simplify operation, like a context-sensitive icon-bar or simpler menu activation. The datebook application is extended with an additional agenda view. This version was first introduced with the Palm IIIc device^[13]. The Palm IIIc was the first color PDA made by Palm Inc It ran Palm OS 3 The latest bugfix release is version 3. 5. 3.

As a companion, Palm later offered a Mobile Internet Kit software upgrade for Palm OS 3. 5^[14]. This included Palm's Web Clipping software, MultiMail (which was later renamed to VersaMail) Version 2. 26 e-mail software, handPHONE Version 1. 3 SMS software, and Neomar Version 1. Short Message Service ( SMS) is a Communications protocol allowing the interchange of short text messages between mobile telephone devices. 5 WAP browser. WAP is an open international Standard for Application layer network communications in a Wireless communication environment

Palm OS 4. 0

Palm OS 4. 0 was released with the new Palm m500 series on March 19, 2001^[15]. The Palm m500 series of handheld Personal digital assistants consisted of three devices the Palm m500 Palm m505 and Palm m515 Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. This version adds a standard interface for external file system access (such as SD cards). In Computing, a file system (often also written as filesystem) is a method for storing and organizing Computer files and the data they contain to make Secure Digital ( SD) is a non-volatile Memory card format developed by Matsushita, SanDisk, and Toshiba for use in External file systems are a radical change to the operating system's previous in-place execution. Now, application code and data need to be loaded into the device's RAM, similar to desktop operating system behaviour. A new Universal Connector with USB support is introduced. The previous optional Mobile Internet Kit is now part of the operating system. Version 4. 0 adds an attention manager to coordinate information from different applications, with several possibilities to get the user's attention, including sound, LED blinking or vibration. 16-bit color screens and different time zones are supported. This version also has security and UI enhancements.

Palm OS 4. 1 is a bugfix release. It was introduced with the launch of the Palm i705. The Palm i705 was an upgrade from the last series of Palm PDAs to use the now discontinued Palm The later minor OS update to version 4. 1. 2 includes a backport of Graffiti 2 from Palm OS 5. Graffiti 2 is a new version of the Palm OS handwriting system Graffiti, that was introduced in 2003 2.

Palm OS 4. 2 Simplified Chinese Edition is targeted especially for the Chinese market with fully Simplified Chinese support, co-released with Palm OS 5. 3. No device has been manufactured with this version until today.

Palm OS 5

Palm OS 5 (not called 5. 0) was unveiled by the Palm subsidiary PalmSource in June 2002^[16] and first implemented on the Palm Tungsten T. The Tungsten series was Palm Inc 's line of business-class Palm OS -based PDAs With the purchase of the Palm name from PalmSource It is the first version released to support ARM devices, with support for DragonBall applications through the Palm Application Compatibility Environment (PACE) emulator. The ARM architecture (previously the Advanced RISC Machine, and prior to that Acorn RISC Machine) is a 32-bit RISC processor architecture Motorola / Freescale Semiconductor 's DragonBall, or MC68328, is a Microcontroller design based on the famous 68000 core but implemented Even with the additional overhead of PACE, Palm applications usually run faster on ARM devices than on previous generation hardware. New software can take advantage of the ARM processors with small units of ARM code, referred to as ARMlets.

With a more powerful hardware basis, Palm OS is substantially enhanced for multimedia capabilities. High density 320x320 screens are supported together with a full digital sound playback and record API. Palm's separate Bluetooth stack is added together with a IEEE 802.11b Wi-Fi stack. IEEE 80211b-1999 or 80211b, is an amendment to the IEEE 80211 specification that extended throughput to up to 11 Mbit/s using the same 2 Secure network connections over SSL are supported. Transport Layer Security ( TLS) and its predecessor Secure Sockets Layer ( SSL) are Cryptographic protocols that provide secure The OS can be customized with different color schemes.

For Palm OS 5 PalmSource developed and licensed a web browser called PalmSource Web Browser^[17], which is based on ACCESS' NetFront 3. NetFront is a Microbrowser for embedded devices Mainly deployed on Mobile phones, NetFront is available for multiple platforms and has been deployed in 0 browser.

Palm OS 5. 2 is mainly a bugfix release, first implemented in the Samsung SGH-i500. The Samsung Group ( Korean:, Samsung Guerup) is South Korea 's largest company or Chaebol and the world's largest conglomerate ^[18] It provides support for 480x320 resolutions and introduces a new handwriting input system called Graffiti 2, due to the lost lawsuit against Xerox. Graffiti 2 is a new version of the Palm OS handwriting system Graffiti, that was introduced in 2003 Xerox Corporation ( (name ˈziːrɒks is a global document management company which manufactures and sells a range of color and black-and-white printers, multifunction Graffiti 2 is based on Jot from CIC. The latest bugfix release is version 5. 2. 8.

Palm OS 5. 3 Simplified Chinese Edition provides full Simplified Chinese support^[19], further adds support for QVGA resolutions, and a standard API for virtual Graffiti called Dynamic Input Area. This version was first introduced with Lenovo's P100 and P300 handhelds. Lenovo Group Limited (,) is China's largest and the world's fourth largest Personal computer manufacturer after Hewlett-Packard and Dell of the U ^[20]

Palm OS Garnet (5. 4) officially provides support for multiple screen resolutions, ranging from 160x160 up to 480x320. It also features updated Bluetooth libraries. This version introduces the Garnet moniker to distinguish it from Palm OS Cobalt 6. 0. The latest bugfix release is version 5. 4. 9.

Garnet OS 5. 5 will be the version to be released within the virtual emulation layer in Access Linux Platform (originally codenamed Ghost but now officially referred to as Garnet VM) for the Nokia Internet Tablets 770, N800, and N810.

Palm OS Cobalt

Palm OS Cobalt (6. 0) was the designated successor for Palm OS 5. It was introduced on February 10, 2004^[21], but is not offered anymore from ACCESS (see next section). Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Palm OS 6. 0 was renamed to Palm OS Cobalt to make clear that this version was initially not designated to replace Palm OS 5, which adopted the name Palm OS Garnet at the same time.

Palm OS Cobalt introduced modern operating system features to an embedded operating system based on a new kernel with multitasking and memory protection, a modern multimedia and graphic framework (derived from Palm's acquired BeOS), new security features, and adjustments of the PIM file formats to better cooperate with Microsoft Outlook. BeOS is an Operating system for Personal computers which began development by Be Inc Microsoft Outlook or Outlook (full name Microsoft Office Outlook since Outlook 2003 is a Personal information manager from Microsoft, and is

Palm OS Cobalt 6. 1^[22] presented standard communication libraries for telecommunication, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth connectivity. Despite other additions, it failed to interest potential licensees to Palm OS Cobalt.

Third party OS enhancements

Several licensees have made custom modifications to the operating system. These are not part of the official licensed version.

• Palm developed a Bluetooth API for external Bluetooth SDIO Cards for Palm OS 4. Bluetooth is a wireless protocol utilizing short-range communications technology facilitating data transmission over short distances from fixed and/or mobile devices creating wireless 0 devices. The Bluetooth stack was later included in Palm OS 5^[23]
• Palm added a virtual graffiti input area API especially for their Tungsten T3 device. The Tungsten series was Palm Inc 's line of business-class Palm OS -based PDAs With the purchase of the Palm name from PalmSource This API was later superseded by the official Dynamic Input Area API in Palm OS 5. 3.
• Palm added to Palm OS 5. 4 the Non-Volatile File System, and used Flash for storage instead of DRAM, preventing data-loss in the event of battery drain. Non-Volatile File System ( NVFS) is a flash memory file system introduced in the release of Palm's latest Personal Digital Assistant handheld However, this fundamentally changed the way programs were executed from the Execute-in-Place system that Palm OS traditionally used, and has been the source of many compatibility problems, requiring many applications to have explicit NVFS support added for them to become stable.
• For their camera-equipped devices Palm added the CameraLib API.
• Sony added a library to support JogDial input available on their CLIÉ organizers. The Sony CLIÉ (pronounced "KLEE-AY" Latin was a series of Personal digital assistants running the Palm Operating System developed and marketed

Modernization

For several years PalmSource had been attempting to create a modern successor for Palm OS 5 and have licensees implement it. PalmSource, now known as ACCESS Systems Americas Inc is a subsidiary of ACCESS which develops the Palm OS PDA Operating system. Although PalmSource shipped Palm OS Cobalt 6. 0 to licensees in January 2004, none adopted it for release devices. PalmSource made major improvements to Palm OS Cobalt with the release of Palm OS Cobalt 6. 1 in September 2004 to please licensees, but even the new version did not lead to production devices.

In December 2004, PalmSource announced a new OS strategy. With the acquisition of the mobile phone software company China Mobilesoft, PalmSource planned to port Palm OS on top of a Linux kernel, while still offering both Palm OS Garnet and Palm OS Cobalt. Linux is an operating system kernel used by a family of Unix-like Operating systems These are popularly termed Linux operating systems and ^[24] This strategy was revised in June 2005, when still no device with Palm OS Cobalt was announced. PalmSource announced it was halting all development efforts on any product not directly related to its future Linux based platform. ^[25]

With the acquisition of PalmSource by ACCESS, Palm OS for Linux was changed to become the ACCESS Linux Platform which was first announced in February 2006. The Access Linux Platform, sometime referred to as a "next-generation version of the Palm OS " is an open source-based Operating system for mobile devices ^[26] The initial versions of the platform and software development kits for the ACCESS Linux Platform were officially released in February 2007. ^[27] As of November 2007, the ACCESS Linux Platform has yet to ship on devices, however development kits exists and public demonstrations have been showcased. A handset based on the ACCESS Linux Platform will reportedly be released by the European carrier Orange^[28]in the first half of 2008, and there is a current effort to use the platform as a basis for a "shared platform" implementing a revised version of the i. mode MOAP(L) APIs in addition to conforming to the specifications of the LiMo Foundation. The LiMo ( Li nux Mo bile Foundation is an alliance founded by Motorola, NEC, NTT DoCoMo, Panasonic Mobile Communications ^[29]

Palm, Inc. the main licensee of Palm OS Garnet is however not going to license ACCESS Linux Platform for their own devices. Instead, Palm is developing another Linux-based successor to Palm OS Garnet. ^[30] Because of the re-acquisition of the 'Palm' brand name from PalmSource, this version is likely to be called Palm OS. It is expected to be available in Q1 2009.

Built-in applications for Palm OS

Palm OS licensees decide which applications are included on their Palm OS devices. Licensees can also customize the applications.

Standard Palm OS applications

The Palm's Address program stores contact information, keyed by any of several user-definable categories. Entries are displayed and sorted in last name, first name order (this can be changed only to Company, Last Name order). There are five slots for phone or e-mail, each of which may be designated Work, Home, Fax, Other, E-mail, Main, Pager or Mobile (the slot designations cannot be changed).

Calc turns the Palm into a standard 4-function pocket calculator with three shades of purple and blue buttons contrasting with the two red clear buttons. A calculator is device for performing mathematical calculations distinguished from a Computer by having a limited problem solving ability and an interface optimized for interactive It supports square root and percent keys and has one memory.

It also has an option to display a running history of the calculations, much like the paper-tape calculators that were once common.

Date Book shows a daily or weekly schedule, or a simple monthly view. The daily schedule has one line per hour, between user-selected begin and end times. Clicking on an empty line creates a new appointment. Empty lines are crowded out by actual appointments, whose start and stop times are shown by default bracketed in the left margin.

An appointment can be heralded by an alarm, any number of minutes, hours or days before it begins. These alarms sound even when the unit is switched off.

Appointments can recur in a specified number of days, weeks, months or years -- and can contain notes.

It is possible to export the Palm datebook to the iCalendar format thanks to the KDE program named KPilot, under Linux. iCalendar is a standard (RFC 2445 for Calendar data exchange The standard is sometimes referred to as "iCal" which also is the name of the Apple Inc KDE ( K Desktop Environment) (ˌkeɪdiːˈiː is a Free software project which aims to be a powerful system for an easy-to-use Desktop environment. Linux (commonly pronounced ˈlɪnəks

Expense tracks common business expenses. No totals are calculated on the Palm. The user must sync with a host computer and view the expense data in a worksheet (templates for Microsoft Excel are supplied).

HotSync integrates with the user's PC. Usually activated by a press of the physical HotSync button on the Palm's cradle (a dock station), this application communicates with various conduits on the desktop PC to install software, backup databases, or merge changes made on the PC or the handheld to both devices. It can communicate with the PC through a physical connection (USB on newer models), Bluetooth or IrDA wireless connections, and direct network connections on devices with networking capability.

In addition to the conduits provided by the licensee, developers can create their own conduits for integration with other Palm OS applications and desktop products. For example, a time tracking package could provide a conduit to communicate information between Palm OS and Windows executables.

A Backup conduit included with the HotSync software backs up (and restores, if necessary) most of the data on a Palm OS device. This allows users to hard reset their Palm -- thus, clearing all of the data -- with few noticeable consequences. This also allows users to migrate to new Palm devices of the same Palm OS version, a feature that is helpful to those who lose or damage their device.

Some models of Palm keep their data storage in volatile memory and require constant power to maintain their memory. Volatile memory, also known as volatile storage or primary storage device, is Computer memory that requires power to maintain the stored information Although these handhelds attempt to save the contents of memory in low battery situations by not "turning on," leaving a "dead" handheld for an extended period of time can cause this reserve power to be used up and the contents of storage memory to be lost. Some later Palms use NVRAM or microdrive for storage. Non-volatile Random access memory ( NVRAM) is the general name used to describe any type of random access memory which does not lose its information The Microdrive is a Brand name for a miniature 1-inch Hard disk designed to fit in a CompactFlash (CF Type II slot

Memo Pad can hold notes of up to 4,000 characters, keyed to user-configurable categories. Memos are ordered in two ways: alphabetically, and manually (which allows the user to choose the order of the memos). Memo Pad is for text, not for drawings. For this reason, text in Memo Pad must be entered using the Graffiti alphabet. Graffiti is the Handwriting recognition software used in PDAs based on the Palm OS.

To do list creates personal reminders and prioritizes the things the user has to do.

Each To Do List item may also have: a priority, categories (to organize and view items in logical groups), attached Note (to add more description and clarification of the task).
To Do List item can be sorted by: due date, priority or category.

Preferences (also referred to as Prefs) shows program files with a special preference panel type which are not shown by the normal launcher. Programs can be changed by switching the 'appl' type to 'panl' and vice versa. Palm OS contains approximately 15 preference panels by default and new preference panels can be added just like any other application.

Preference panels allow users to manage a number of setting including Graffiti settings, sound settings, text shortcuts, network settings and the system time. Graffiti is the Handwriting recognition software used in PDAs based on the Palm OS.

Security (which is a panel on newer Palm OS devices) is used to configure Palm OS's security settings. These include the password needed to display hidden records and unlock the device when locked, as well as setup an automatic lock down time or inactivity threshold. On the PC, only Palm Desktop honors this password but other PC programs can view everything--in other words, all the data protected by this password can be seen by anyone opening the . dat files using a text editor or word processor. While it may be tempting to use this as an excuse to switch to Microsoft Outlook, some people say "password recovery" programs can analzye Outlook . PST files to reveal the password instantly; this is unproven however, and not in everyone's experience.

Common 3rd party core OS applications

Starting with Palm OS version 5. 2, Palm created customized versions of the common PIM application. Some new features have been added, e. g. support for Address categories, Ringtone associations to users, longer memo texts, etc. They were also renamed to reflect designations from Microsoft Outlook, thus Address became Contacts, Datebook became Calendar, Memo Pad became Memos and To do list became Tasks.

Blazer is a web browser for Palm handhelds. Blazer is a free (Blazer 3 and 4 bundled Blazer 1 and 2 were bundled or add-on purchase Web browser available for Palm handhelds running Palm OS 3 A web browser is a software application which enables a user to display and interact with text images videos music games and other information typically located on a Palm handhelds are Personal Digital Assistants ( PDAs which run the Palm OS. The versions 1. 0 and 2. 0 run on Palm OS 3. 1 or higher handhelds, but they needed a proxy server which has been shut down, so they can no longer be used. In Computer networks a proxy server is a server (a computer system or an application program which services the requests of its clients by forwarding Version 3. 0 is used on the Treo 600 smartphone. A smartphone is a Mobile phone offering advanced capabilities beyond a typical mobile phone often with PC -like functionality The current version of Blazer is Blazer 4. 5, which is compliant with most major standards. It is generally bundled with newer smartphones and newer Palm devices capable of accessing the Internet. A smartphone is a Mobile phone offering advanced capabilities beyond a typical mobile phone often with PC -like functionality The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks

Palm's Note Pad can be used for quick drawings'. With neat handwriting, 20-30 words will fit on one page; for more text, Memo Pad is the better choice. There are three sizes of pen width, plus an eraser and a background color change feature in some models. It is possible to draw a very simple map.

As of 2006, most new Palm handhelds include Photos, which creates a digital photo album used to view pictures on a Palm OS device. As with all the other photo programs, photos can be beamed to other mobile devices. Each photo can be labeled and organized into separate photo albums. A slideshow can also be shown for a specific album, and each photo in the album will be shown full screen.

Photos can be edited with the Palm Photos PC software (Windows only), and when the photos are transferred to the handheld they will contain all changes made to the photo.

The Palm Photos software is available in the Zire 71, Tungsten C, Tungsten E, Tungsten T2, Tungsten T3 and several others.

With the support for Video, Palm Photos was later renamed to Media and even later to Pics& Videos.

Some models feature the ability to make voice recordings which are synced using the Voice conduit and can be viewed on a desktop with the Voice Memo application which is part of the Palm Desktop Suite.

Third-party applications

There are many successful applications that can be installed on a Palm OS device. As of 2008, there are more than 50,000 third-party applications available for the Palm OS platform [1], which have various licensing types, including open-source, and various closed licensing schemes such as freeware, shareware, and traditional pay-up-front purchase. Open source is a development methodology which offers practical accessibility to a product's source (goods and knowledge Freeware is computer Software that is available for use at no cost or for an optional fee The term shareware, popularized by Bob Wallace, refers to Copyrighted commercial Software that is Distributed without payment on a trial

Application development

Palm OS Garnet applications are primarily coded in C/C++. tags please moot on the talk page first! --> In Computing, C is a general-purpose cross-platform block structured C++ (" C Plus Plus " ˌsiːˌplʌsˈplʌs is a general-purpose Programming language. Two compilers officially supported exist: a commercial product, CodeWarrior Development Studio for Palm OS, and an open source tool chain called prc-tools, based on an old version of gcc. CodeWarrior is an integrated development environment (IDE for the Macintosh, Microsoft Windows, Linux, Solaris and Embedded The GNU Compiler Collection (usually shortened to GCC) is a set of Compilers produced for various Programming languages by the GNU Project CodeWarrior is criticized for being expensive and is no longer being developed, whereas PRC-Tools lacks several of CodeWarrior's features. A version of PRC-Tools is included in a free Palm OS Developer Suite (PODS).

OnBoardC is a C compiler, assembler, linker and programming editor that runs on the Palm itself.

Palm OS Cobalt applications are also coded in a variation of gcc, but the Cobalt compilers have fewer limitations.

There are development tools available for Palm programming that do not require low-level programming in C/C++, such as PocketC/PocketC Architect, CASL, AppForge Crossfire (which uses Visual Basic, Visual Basic. CASL - (Compact Application Solution Language is a Programming language used to create computer programs for the Palm OS, PocketPC / Windows Mobile AppForge Inc was a software company headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, providing mobile application development services as well as CrossFire a software tool simplifying Visual Basic ( VB) is the third-generation event-driven programming language and associated development environment (IDE from NET, or C#), Handheld Basic, Pendragon Forms and Satellite Forms (Visual Basic like languages). A Java Virtual Machine was previously available for the Palm OS platform, however on 2008-01-12 Palm, Inc. A Java Virtual Machine ( JVM) is a set of computer software programs and data structures which use a Virtual machine 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople announced that it would no longer be available. Palm, Inc. further said "There is no alternate Java Virtual Machine that we are aware of for Palm OS. "^[31] Waba and a derivative of it, SuperWaba, provide a Java-like virtual machine and programming language. SuperWaba is a Java-like Virtual machine (VM that targets portable devices A version of the Lua language, called Plua, is also available for Palm; however, due to the fact that it requires an additional runtime to be installed along with the application, it is only used for mainstream applications by a minority of software companies. In Computing, Lua (ˈluːa LOO-ah is a lightweight, reflective, imperative and procedural Programming language, Plua is a port of Lua 503 (along with a small IDE) for the Palm Computing platform Quartus Forth is an ISO/ANSI Standard Forth compiler that runs on the Palm itself. It also has an interactive console for dynamic development and debugging.

As the Palm has no driver of connection that enables the transfer of data with a server DBMS (Oracle, mySQL, MS SQL Server), the programmer can use Middleware software that enables this connectivity. A good free tool is called RemoteSync Download here.

A roughly R4RS-compatible implementation of Scheme, LispMe, provides the Palm platform with a GPL-licensed onboard Lisp REPL with some Palm OS-specific adaptations, but although it is functionally a compiler it does not produce code that operates outside the development environment, so its use is restricted to prototyping. Scheme is a Multi-paradigm programming language. It is one of the two main dialects of Lisp and supports a number of programming paradigms but is LispMe is an interpreter for the Scheme programming language developed by Fred Bayer for Palm OS PDAs. Lisp (or LISP) is a family of Computer Programming languages with a long history and a distinctive fully parenthesized syntax A read-eval-print loop (REPL, also known as an interactive toplevel, is a simple interactive Computer programming environment ``

Legal issues

Palm OS has been involved in various lawsuits over the years.

Xerox vs. Xerox Corporation ( (name ˈziːrɒks is a global document management company which manufactures and sells a range of color and black-and-white printers, multifunction Palm Computing (1997) In 1997, Xerox was granted a patent (5,596,656) on "unistroke. " It filed suit against Palm (then U.S. Robotics), alleging that Graffiti infringed on this patent. US Robotics (often referred to by its abbreviation USR and not to be confused with U The Palm OS switch from Graffiti 1 to Graffiti 2 was triggered by Palm losing this suit to Xerox. The patent was overturned in May 2004 due to prior art. Prior art (also known as or State of the art, which also has other meanings in most systems of Patent law constitutes all Information that ^[32]

Pilot Pen Corporation vs. is a pen manufacturer based in Tokyo, Japan. It produces writing instruments Stationery, and Jewelry but is most well known for Pens. Palm Computing (1998) The original name for Palm OS handhelds was Pilot. However, a lawsuit from Pilot Pen Corporation forced a name change to PalmPilot, then eventually to Palm.

Palm vs. Microsoft (1998) In 1998, Microsoft planned to name the next version of their handheld computing platform Palm PC. Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational Computer technology Corporation, which rose to dominate the Home computer Palm filed suit against Microsoft, forcing the name change to, first, Palm-sized PC, and later, Pocket PC. The Palm-Size PC was Microsoft 's first attempt at a Computer conforming to an 'in your hand' profile (or as commonly referred to A Pocket PC, abbreviated P/PC or PPC, is a hardware Specification for a Handheld -sized Computer ( Personal digital assistant

E-Pass Technologies vs. Palm, Microsoft and HP (2000) In 2000, E-Pass Technologies filed suit against Palm, alleging that its handhelds infringed on an E-Pass's patent (#5,276,311) for a multi-function, credit card-sized computer that allows users to securely store account numbers, PIN codes, etc. This lawsuit continues.

NCR vs. NCR Corporation ( is a technology company specializing in products for the retail and financial sectors Handspring and Palm (2001) In 1987, NCR was granted a patent for a portable e-commerce terminal. In 2001, NCR sued Handspring and Palm. This case was ruled without merit in 2002, a decision that was upheld on appeal.

RIM vs. Research In Motion Limited ( RIM) () is a Wireless device company best known as the developer of the BlackBerry handheld Communication Handspring (2002) In 2002, Research In Motion (makers of the BlackBerry), sued Handspring. The BlackBerry is a Wireless Handheld device introduced in 1999 as a two-way pager By year end, both Handspring and Palm licensed the patents and the suit was dropped.

Peer-to-Peer Systems vs. Palm (2002) Also in 2002, Peer-to-Peer systems filed lawsuit against Palm that alleges Palm infringed on its patent for wireless gaming. This lawsuit has been settled as of Feb 9th 2005.

Forgent Networks vs. Asure Software ( is a Software company which has licensing as its primary revenue source HP, Toshiba, palmOne, etc. , etc. (2004) Starting in 2002, Forgent Networks began offering licenses for a patent that encumbers JPEG. Asure Software ( is a Software company which has licensing as its primary revenue source In 2004, it filed suit against various companies, including palmOne. The JPEG or 672 patent has been reviewed by the U. S. Patent and Trademark Office which has rejected 19 of the 47 claims based on prior art. Prior art (also known as or State of the art, which also has other meanings in most systems of Patent law constitutes all Information that ^[33]

See also

• List of Palm OS Devices – Includes Emulators
• Palm Desktop

References

External links

• Palm OS at the Open Directory Project
• Palm OS 4.1 Screenshot Gallery

2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople The Open Directory Project ( ODP) also known as dmoz (from directory

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