Palemonids - Citizendia

The Palemonids were a legendary dynasty of Grand Dukes of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Ruthenia. A legend ( Latin, legenda, "things to be read" is a Narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to A dynasty is a succession of rulers who belong to the same family for generations The Title grand duke (in Latin, magnus dux; in Spanish, gran duque; in Russian, Великий Герцог The Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė old literary Lithuanian Didi Kunigiste Letuvos, Ruthenian: Wialikaje Kniastwa Litowskaje Ruthenia is a geographic and culturo-ethnic name applied to the parts of Eastern Europe populated by Eastern Slavic peoples, as well as to the past various The legend was born sometime during the 15th and 16th centuries as proof that Lithuanians and the Grand Duchy are of Roman origins. Already Jan Długosz (1415–1480) wrote that Lithuanians are of Roman origin, but did not provide more details. Jan Długosz ( December 1 1415 - May 19, 1480) also known as Joannes Ioannes or Johannes Longinus or Dlugossius The legend is first recorded in the second redaction of the Lithuanian Chronicle produced in the 1530s. The Lithuanian Chronicles (Lietuvos metraščiai are three Redactions of chronicles compiled in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. ^[1] At the time Grand Duchy or Lithuania was quarrelling with Kingdom of Poland rejecting the claims that Poland "nobilizied" pagan and barbaric Lithuania. Lithuanian nobility needed to show the noble origins of the ruling dynasty, as the only available chronicles at the time were written by the Teutonic Knights, a long-standing enemy, and depicted Gediminas as a hostler of Vytenis. The Lithuanian nobility was historically a legally privileged class in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania consisting of Lithuanian (from historical The Teutonic Order is a German Roman Catholic religious order. An hostler, pronounced (and occasionally spelled ostler, is an Archaic word for a groom or stableman i Vytenis was the Grand Duke of Lithuania from c 1295 to c 1316 ^[2]

In the chronicle, Palemon, a relative of Roman Emperor Nero, escaped Rome with 500 noble families. Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ( December 15, 37 – June 9, 68) born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, also called Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 They traveled north, through the Baltic Sea, and reached Nemunas Delta. The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude. Nemunas Delta is the Lithuanian name for the Neman River Delta in Lithuania. Then they decided to sail upstream until they reached the mouth of Dubysa. Dubysa There Palemonids settled on a large hill and ruled the country for generations until the Gediminids emerged. The Gediminids ( Lithuanian: Gediminaičiai, singular Gediminaitis) were a Dynasty of Monarchs of the medieval Lithuania ^[1] The chronicle skipped Mindaugas and Traidenis, attested Grand Dukes of Lithuania, entirely. Mindaugas (ˈmındoʊgʌs ca 1203 – 12 September 1263) was the first known Grand Duke of Lithuania, a title he gained ca Traidenis or Troyden (died in 1282 was the Grand Duke Lithuania from 1270 (or 1269 till 1282 ^[2] It incorporated the first redaction for the account of the Gediminids line. To make the story more believable, the chronicle presented a very detailed account of the travel. Because there were not enough generations to cover the gap between the 1st century when Palemon arrived and the 14th century when Gediminas died, the third redaction of the chronicle, also known as the Bychowiec Chronicle, moved up Palemon from the 1st century Rome to the 5th century, when Rome was devastated by Attila the Hun,^[1] and incorporated Mindaugas and later known dukes. Gediminas (ca 1275 – winter 1341 was the Monarch of medieval Grand Duchy of Lithuania with the title lt didysis kunigaikštis (вялікі князь The Bychowiec Chronicle (also spelled Bykhovets, Bykovets or Bychovec) named the Letopis of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania is an anonymous 16th But it was not enough and historians like Maciej Stryjkowski and Kazimierz Kojałowicz-Wijuk moved it further to the 10th century. Maciej Stryjkowski (also referred to as Strykowski and Strycovius; ca ^[3] Multiple contradictory versions of the legend survive to this day as historians tried to patch up some obvious mistakes and make it more historically sound.

At the end of the 19th century, there were some attempts, for example in a history written by Maironis, to tie the legend with the expansion of vikings. Maironis (born Jonas Mačiulis November 2, 1862 &ndash June 28, 1932) is one of the most famous Lithuanian romantic A Viking is one of the Norse ( Scandinavian Explorers Warriors Merchants, and pirates who raided and colonized wide areas ^[1] While many historians, up to the dawn of the 20th century, believed the legend to be true, it is now largely discarded as a fictional story that only serves to illustrate political ideology in the 16th century Lithuania. ^[4]

Genealogical tree

Palemon
From Column family

Borkus
Duke of Samogitia
Founder of Jurbarkas

Kunos
Duke of Aukštaitija
Founder of Kaunas

Spera
Duke of Eastern Lithuania
Name: Lake Spėra

Daumantas
Duke of Deltuva
From Centaurus family

Kernius
Duke of Lithuania
Founder of Kernavė

Gimbutas
Duke of Samogitia

Montvilas
Duke of Samogitia

Kiras
Duke of Deltuva

Pajauta ♀
Name: valley in Kernavė

Nemunas
Name: Neman River

Erdvilas
Duke of Navahradak

Skirmantas

Vykintas
Duke of Samogitia

Mingaila
Duke of Navahradak and Polatsk

Živinbudas
Duke of Samogitia

Kukovaitis
Duke of Lithuania

Skirmantas
Duke of Navahradak, Pinsk, Turaŭ, etc. Jurbarkas ( is a city in Tauragė County, Lithuania. It is on the right-hand shore of the Neman River at its confluence with Aukštaitija (literary Highlands; oʊkʃteɪtɪˈjʌ is the name of one of five ethnographic Regions of Lithuania. Kaunas ( ˈkoʊnəs is the second largest City in Lithuania and a former temporary capital. Deltuva is a small town in Ukmergė district, Vilnius County, Lithuania. Kernavė, a medieval Capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, today is a tourist and archeological village (with "Nieman" and "Niemen" redirects here For other uses see Neman and Nieman (disambiguation. Erdvilas (Erdywił Ердивил Erdiwił Erdwil was one of the 21 early dukes of Lithuania who signed a treaty with Halych-Volhynia in 1219 Navahrudak, Novgorodok or Novogrudok (Навагрудак nava'ɣrudak Новогрудок also known as Nowogródek and Naugardukas is a city in the Hrodna Vykintas (died ca 1253 was Duke of Samogitia and rival to future King of Lithuania Mindaugas. Polotsk ( Polatsk, По́лацк Полоцк Polockas Połock is a historical city in Belarus, situated on the Dvina river Živinbudas was one of the five senior Lithuanian dukes mentioned in the Treaty with Halych-Volhynia in 1219 Pinsk (Пінск a town in Belarus, in the Polesia region traversed by the river Pripyat, at the confluence of the Strumen and Turaŭ or Turaw (Ту́раў Ту́ров ( Turov) Turava is a town in the Zhytkavichy district Zhytkavichy Raion of Homiel Province

Ginvilas
Duke of Polatsk

Kukovaitis
Duke of Samogitia

Traidenis
Grand Duke of Navahradak

Liubartas
Grand Duke of Karachev

Pisimantas
Duke of Turaŭ

Rogvolodas
Duke of Polatsk

Algimantas
Duke of Navahradak

Gleb
Duke of Polatsk

Paraskeva ♀

Utenis
Duke of Lithuania and Samogitia
Founder of Utena

Ryngold
Duke of Navahradak

Vaišvilkas
Duke of Navahradak

Šventaragis
Grand Duke of Lithuania
Name: valley in Vilnius

Skirmantas
Grand Duke of Lithuania

Trabus
Duke of Samogitia

Koliginas
Duke of Lithuania and Rus'

Romanas
Grand Duke of Lithuania

Narimantas
Grand Duke of Lithuania

Daumantas
Killed Traidenis

Olshan
Ancestor of Olshanski

Giedrius
Ancestor of Giedraičiai

Traidenis
Grand Duke of Lithuania

Rimantas
Grand Duke of Lithuania

Source: (Lithuanian) Jučas, Mečislovas (2003). Traidenis or Troyden (died in 1282 was the Grand Duke Lithuania from 1270 (or 1269 till 1282 Karachev (Карачев is an old town (first chronicled in 1146 in Bryansk Oblast, Russia. Ryngold or Rimgaudas was a mythological Grand Duke of Lithuania from the Palemonids legends and father of Mindaugas, the first King Vaišelga or Vaišvilkas (also spelled as Vojszalak, Vojšalk, Vaišalgas, killed on December 9 1268) was the Prince Olshanski (Alšėniškiai or Alšėnų kunigaikščiai Holszański was a Lithuanian princely family from Galšėnai (Alšėnai Halshany, Гальшаны Giedraičiai is a town in Molėtai district municipality, Lithuania with about 770 residents Traidenis or Troyden (died in 1282 was the Grand Duke Lithuania from 1270 (or 1269 till 1282 Lietuvos metraščiai ir kronikos. Vilnius: Aidai, 53. ISBN 9955-445-40-8. The table was prepared according to the second redaction of the Lithuanian Chronicles, so-called transcription of Archeological Society. Other redactions, transcriptions, chronicles, and later historians presented significantly different genealogical trees.

Note: Darker shaded cells represent dukes who share their names with real historical figures. Dukes with the title Grand Duke of Lithuania ruled the unified country: i. e. they ruled Lithuania, Samogitia, and Rus'.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d (Lithuanian) Ivinskis, Zenonas (1953–1966). "Palemonas". Lietuvių enciklopedija 21. Boston, Massachusetts: Lietuvių enciklopedijos leidykla. 400–401. LCC 55020366. The Library of Congress Classification ( LCC) is a system of Library classification developed by the Library of Congress.
^ ^a ^b (Lithuanian) Ivinskis, Zenonas (1953–1966). "Metraščiai". Lietuvių enciklopedija 18. Boston, Massachusetts: Lietuvių enciklopedijos leidykla. 307–310. LCC 55020366. The Library of Congress Classification ( LCC) is a system of Library classification developed by the Library of Congress.
^ (Lithuanian) Jonynas, Ignas (1936). "Borkus". Lietuviškoji enciklopedija 4. Ed. Vaclovas Biržiška. Kaunas: Spaudos Fondas. 251–255.
^ Rowell, S. C. (1994). Lithuania Ascending: A Pagan Empire Within East-Central Europe, 1295-1345, Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought: Fourth Series. Cambridge University Press, 41. ISBN 9780521450119.

Genealogical tree

References

See also