The Palace of Whitehall was the main residence of the English monarchs in London from 1530 until 1698 when all except Inigo Jones's 1622 Banqueting House was destroyed by fire. See also List of British consorts. This is a list of the monarchs of Great Britain and the United Kingdom. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Iñigo Jones ( July 15, 1573 &ndash June 21, 1652) is regarded as the first significant British architect, and the first to bring The Banqueting House is the only remaining component of Whitehall Palace, and is found at the Trafalgar Square end of Whitehall, London. Before the fire it had grown to be the largest palace in Europe, with over 1,500 rooms (at one time it was the largest building in the world).
The palace gives its name — Whitehall — to the road on which many of the current administrative buildings of the UK government are situated, and hence metonymically to the central government itself. Whitehall is a road in Westminster in London, England. It is the main artery running north from Parliament Square, towards traditional Her Majesty's Government, or when the monarch is male His Majesty's Government, is the title used by the Government of the United Kingdom, based at In Rhetoric, metonymy (mɨˈtɒnɨmi is the use of a word for a concept or object associated with the concept/object originally denoted by the word
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Location
At its most expansive, the palace extended over much of the area currently bordered by Northumberland Avenue in the north; to Downing Street and nearly to Derby Gate in the south; and from roughly the elevations of the current buildings facing Horse Guards Road in the west, to the then banks of the river Thames in the east (the construction of Victoria Embankment has since reclaimed more land from the Thames) — a total of about 23 acres (9. Northumberland Avenue is a London street running from Trafalgar Square in the west to The Embankment in the east Downing Street is the street in London, England, which for over two hundred years has contained the official residences of two of the most senior British cabinet ministers Horse Guards' Road (or just "Horse Guards" is a road in the City of Westminster, London. The Thames ( is a major River flowing through southern England. The Victoria Embankment, is part of the Thames Embankment, a road and walkway along the north bank of the River Thames in London. The acre is a unit of Area in a number of different systems including the imperial and U 3 ha). Explanation The hectare is commonly used in most countries around the world especially in domains concerned with land planning and management such as Agriculture,
History
By the 13th century, the Palace of Westminster had become the centre of government in England, and had been the main London residence of the king since 1049. For the government of parliamentary systems see Executive (government. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The surrounding area became a very popular — and expensive — location. Walter de Grey, the Archbishop of York bought a property in the area soon after 1240, calling it York Place. Walter de Gray (died 1 May 1255 was an English prelate and statesman who rose to be Archbishop of York and Lord Chancellor. The Archbishop of York is a high-ranking cleric in the Church of England, second only to the Archbishop of Canterbury.
Edward I of England stayed at the property on several occasions while work was carried out at Westminster, and enlarged the building to accommodate his entourage. Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307 popularly known as Longshanks, was a King of England who achieved historical fame by conquering large parts of Wales and almost York Place was rebuilt during the 15th century and expanded so much by Cardinal Wolsey that it was rivalled by only Lambeth Palace as the greatest house in London, the King's London palaces included. Thomas Cardinal Wolsey (c1470–1471 – November 28 or November 29 1530 who was born in Ipswich Suffolk England was an English Statesman and a cardinal Lambeth Palace is the official London residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury. Consequently when King Henry VIII removed the cardinal from power in 1530, he acquired York Place to replace Westminster as his main London residence. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official usually a bishop, of the Catholic Church. He inspected its treasures in the company of his young fiancée, Lady Anne Boleyn. Anne Boleyn (1501 or 1507 – 19 May 1536 was the Queen of England as the second wife of Henry VIII of England.
Henry VIII subsequently redesigned York Place, and further extended and rebuilt the palace during his lifetime. Inspired by Richmond Palace, he also included a recreation centre with a bowling green, tennis courts, a pit for cock fighting (now the site of 70 Whitehall) and a tiltyard for jousting. Richmond Palace was a royal residence from 1327 to 1649 on The Green Richmond, United Kingdom. Bowling is a Game / Sport in which players attempt to score points by rolling a Bowling ball along a flat surface either into objects called pins Tennis is a sport played between two players ( singles) or between two teams of two players each ( doubles) A cockfight is a Blood sport between two Roosters held in a ring called a cockpit The Cabinet Office is a department of the Government of the United Kingdom responsible for supporting the Prime Minister and Cabinet of the United It is estimated that over £30,000 (approaching £11m in 2007 values)[1]were spent during the 1540s, 50% more than the construction of the entire Bridewell Palace. The Pound Sterling ( symbol £; ISO code: GBP) subdivided into 100 pence (singular penny) is the Currency Bridewell Palace, London, originally a residence of Henry VIII, later became a poorhouse and prison Henry VIII married two of his wives at the palace — Anne Boleyn in 1533 and Jane Seymour in 1536. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of Anne Boleyn (1501 or 1507 – 19 May 1536 was the Queen of England as the second wife of Henry VIII of England. Jane Seymour (1508– 24 October 1537) was Queen Consort of England and the third wife of Henry VIII. It was also at the palace that the King died in January 1547. In 1611 the palace hosted the first known performance of William Shakespeare's play The Tempest. The Tempest is a comedy written by William Shakespeare. It is generally dated to 1610-11 and accepted as the last play written solely by him although
James I made a few significant changes to the buildings, notably the construction in 1622 of a new Banqueting House built to a design by Inigo Jones to replace a series of previous banqueting houses dating from the time of Elizabeth I. James VI and I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625 was King of Scotland as James VI, and King of England and King of Ireland as James The Banqueting House is the only remaining component of Whitehall Palace, and is found at the Trafalgar Square end of Whitehall, London. Iñigo Jones ( July 15, 1573 &ndash June 21, 1652) is regarded as the first significant British architect, and the first to bring Its decoration was finished in 1634 with the completion of a ceiling by Sir Peter Paul Rubens, commissioned by Charles I (who was to be executed in front of the building in 1649). Charles I, (19 November 1600 &ndash 30 January 1649 was King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution. By 1650 the Palace was the largest complex of secular buildings in England, with over 1,500 rooms. The layout was extremely irregular and the constituent parts were of many different sizes and in several different architectural styles. The palace looked more like a small town than a single building.
Charles II commissioned minor works. Charles II (Charles Stuart 29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685 was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Like his father, he died at the Palace — though from a stroke, not execution. A stroke is the rapidly developing loss of brain functions due to a disturbance in the blood vessels supplying blood to the brain James II ordered various changes by Sir Christopher Wren, including a new chapel finished in 1687, rebuilding of the queen's apartments (1688?), and the queen's private lodgings (1689). James II of England and Ireland James VII of Scotland (14 October 1633 &ndash 16 September 1701 was King of England, King of Scots, Later that same year James Sir Christopher Wren ( 20 October 1632 &ndash 25 February 1723) was a 17th century English Designer, Astronomer
Demise
In 1691, when the palace was the largest palace, and the most complex in Europe — and a jumble of buildings — a fire destroyed much of the older palace structures. This actually gave a greater cohesiveness to the complex. However a further fire on January 4, 1698 destroyed most of the other residential and government buildings. Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina. Despite some rebuilding, financial constraints prevented large scale rebuilding. In the second half of the eighteenth century, much of the site was leased for the construction of town houses.
During the fire many art masterpieces were destroyed, probably including Michelangelo's Cupid, a famous sculpture bought as part of the Gonzaga collections in the seventeenth century. Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni Two biographies were published of him during his lifetime One of them by Giorgio Vasari, proposed that he was the pinnacle of all Michelangelo created two sculptures of Cupid, the first of which was a forgery designed to look like an antique sculpture through which he first came to the attention of patrons The Gonzaga family ruled Mantua in Northern Italy from 1328 to 1708.
The palace today
Banqueting House is the only integral building of the complex now standing, although it has been somewhat modified. Various other parts of the old palace still exist, often incorporated into new buildings in the Whitehall government complex. These include parts of the former covered tennis courts from the time of Henry VIII built into the Old Treasury and Cabinet Office at 70 Whitehall. The Cabinet Office is a department of the Government of the United Kingdom responsible for supporting the Prime Minister and Cabinet of the United Whitehall is a road in Westminster in London, England. It is the main artery running north from Parliament Square, towards traditional
Beginning in 1938, the east side of the site was redeveloped with the building now housing the Ministry of Defence. The Ministry of Defence ( MoD) is the United Kingdom government department responsible for implementation of government defence policy and is the headquarters An undercroft from Wolsey's Great Chamber, now known as Henry VIII's Wine Cellar, a fine example of a Tudor brick-vaulted roof some 70 feet (21. Thomas Cardinal Wolsey (c1470–1471 – November 28 or November 29 1530 who was born in Ipswich Suffolk England was an English Statesman and a cardinal 3 m) long and 30 feet (9. 1 m) wide, was found to interfere not just with the plan for the new building but also with the proposed route for Horse Guards Avenue. Following a request from Queen Mary in 1938 and a promise in Parliament, provision was made for the preservation of the cellar. Mary of Teck (Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes 26 May 1867 – 24 March 1953 was the queen-empress consort of George V of the United Kingdom Accordingly it was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the west and nearly 19 feet (5. 8 m) deeper in 1949, when building was resumed at the site after World War II. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including This major operation was carried out without any significant damage to the structure and it now rests safe within the basement of the building.
A number of marble carvings from the former chapel at Whitehall (which was built for James II), can now be seen in the church at Burnham on Sea in Somerset, to where they were moved in 1820 after having originally been removed to Westminster Abbey in 1706. Burnham-on-Sea is a Town in Somerset, England, at the mouth of the River Parrett and Bridgwater Bay. Somerset ( or) is a county in south west England The County town is Taunton, which is in the south of the county The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, which is almost always referred to by its original name of Westminster Abbey, is a large mainly Gothic church
See also
- List of Palaces
- Palace of Westminster — Main London royal residence from 1049 until 1530
- Palace of Whitehall — Main London royal residence from 1530 to 1698
- St. James's Palace — Main London royal residence from 1702 until 1837
- Buckingham Palace — Main London royal residence since 1837
References
External links
- Information about the Palace of Whitehall from the Survey of London: History; Buildings; Banqueting House
- Palace of Whitehall Timeline
- Enlarged 1680 Plan of Whitehall, showing the location of the tennis courts, cockpit, tiltyard on the St James's Park side, and the configuration of buildings on the river side
- View of Whitehall in 1669 showing the Banqueting House and Holbein Gateway
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