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The Pakistan Army (Urdu: پاک فوج) is the largest branch of the Pakistan military, and is mainly responsible for protection of the state borders, the security of administered territories and defending the national interests of Pakistan within the framework of its international obligations. The Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistan Army (COAS is the highest post in the Pakistan Army. The Frontier Force Regiment (popularly known as the " Piffers " or the " FF " is one of six Infantry Regiments in the The Frontier Corps ( FC) is a federal paramilitary force recruited mostly by people from the tribal areas and officered by officers from the Pakistan Army Special Service Group (SSG is an independent Commando division of the Pakistan Army. ( Urdu: Rāwalpindī) is a city in the Potwar Plateau near Pakistan 's capital city of Islamabad, in the province Pakistan Military Academy ( PMA) is the Military Academy of Pakistan Army. The Command and Staff College was established in 1907 at Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. National Defence University (NDU is a Pakistani military institution whose origin goes back to the year 1963 when the 1st Army War Course started at the Command and Staff College The military history of Pakistan can be viewed as the history of modern-day Pakistan, as the Military of Pakistan has played and continues to play a vital role UN peacekeeping missions involving Pakistan covers a long and cherished history of Pakistani involvement with the United Nations. The awards and decorations of the Pakistan military recognize a service member's service and personal accomplishments while a member of the Pakistan armed Nishan-e-Haider ( نشان حیدر, translated as "The Mark of Haider, where Haider is the name of Ali and means Lion " abbreviated Urdu ( ur '''{{Nastaliq اردو}}''' trans Urdū, historically spelled Ordu) is a Central Indo-Aryan language Urdu is a standardised The Pakistan Armed Forces ( Urdu: پاک عسکری) are the overall unified military forces of Pakistan Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and
The Pakistan Army, combined with the Navy and Air Force, makes Pakistan's armed forces the seventh largest military in the world. Pakistan Navy ( Urdu: پاک بحریہ) is the naval branch of the Military of Pakistan. Pakistan Air Force ( Urdu: پاک فضائیہ, Pak Faza'ya) ( PAF) is the Aviation branch of the Pakistan armed forces This is a list of countries sorted by the total number of active troops where the military manpower of a country is measured by the total amount of active troops within the command The Army is modelled on the United Kingdom armed forces and came into existence after the independence in 1947. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Pakistan Movement or Tehrik-e-Pakistan ( Urdu: تحریک پاکستان) was the struggle carried out by the Muslims of British India It has an active force of 619,000 personnel and 528,000 men in reserve that continue to serve until the age of 45. The Pakistani Army is a volunteer force and has been involved in many conflicts with India. Combined with this rich combat experience, the Army is also actively involved in contributing to United Nations peacekeeping efforts. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security Other foreign deployments have consisted of Pakistani Army personnel as advisers in many African, South Asian and Arab countries. The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding The Pakistani Army maintained division and brigade strength presences in some of the Arab countries during the past Arab-Israeli Wars, and the first Gulf War to help the Coalition. The Pakistani Army is led by General Ashfaq Parvez Kayani the Chief of Army Staff, who replaced Pervez Musharraf, the current President of Pakistan. General Ashfaq Parvez Kayani ( Urdu: اشفاق پرویز کیانی) (born April 1952 Gujar Khan, Punjab) is a Pakistani General (ret Pervez Musharraf ( (born 11 August 1943 NI(M, HI(M, TBt, is the former Military dictator and President of The President of Pakistan ( Urdū: صدر Sadr-e-Mumlikat) is the Head of state of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
Combat Doctrine
Pakistan Army has espoused a doctrine of limited "offensive-defense" which it has tried to refine consistently ever since 1989 when it was pushed out to the formations during "Exercise Zarb-e-Momin". The main purpose of this strategy is to launch a sizeable offensive into enemy territory rather than wait to be hit from the enemy's offensive attack. The doctrine is based on the premise that while on the offensive, the enemy can be kept off-balance while allowing Pakistani Army to be able to seize enemy territory of strategic importance which can be used as a bargaining chip on the negotiating table. In order to do this, currently Pakistani Army maintains two sizable Strike Corps which will be backed up by Defensive Corps forming the defensive tier behind the strike corps. By pushing the offensive into the enemy territory, the Pakistani Army hopes to consolidate its gains inside the enemy's territory and will attempt to keep the enemy on the its side of the border rather than giving ground on the Pakistani side.
In the 1990s, the Army created a strong centralized corps of reserves for its formations in the critical semi-desert and desert sectors in southern Punjab and Sindh provinces. The Punjab ( Urdu:) province of Sindh ( Sindhī: سنڌ Urdu: سندھ is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhis. These new formations were rapidly equipped with assets needed for mechanized capability. These reserve formations are dual-capable, meaning they can be used for offensive as well as defensive (holding) purposes.
Pakistan, today has a 45 day reserve of ammunition and fuel as compared to only 13 days in 1965 and has fairly effective and efficient lines of communication and can fully mobilize its formations in less than 96 hours owing to the lack of depth in the country's North South axis. Ammunition, often referred to as ammo, is a generic term derived from the French language la munition which
Motto
The motto of the Pakistani Army reads: "Iman, Taqwa, Jihad fi Sabilillah". Not to be confused with Imam, a prayer leader in Islam Iman (إيمان is an Islamic term usually translated as " belief or Taqwá (التقوى) is the Islamic concept of " God -consciousness" or Higher consciousness. Jihad (جهاد ʤɪhæːd an Islamic term, is a religious duty of Muslims. Translated into English, it means "Faith, Piety, to strive in the path of Allah". Allah ( Arabic: الله, ʔalˤːɑːh) is the standard Arabic word for '
Organization
The Chief of the Army Staff (COAS), formerly called the Commander in Chief (C in C), is challenged with the responsibility of commanding the Pakistani Army. The COAS operates from army headquarters in Rawalpindi, near Islamabad. ( Urdu: Rāwalpindī) is a city in the Potwar Plateau near Pakistan 's capital city of Islamabad, in the province |name = Islamabad|native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = Capital City |total_type The Principal Staff Officers assisting him in his duties at the Lieutenant General level include a Chief of General Staff (CGS), who supervises the day to day running of the army, Director General Military Operations (DGMO), responsible for the overall operational planning; the Master General of Ordnance (MGO)/Chief of Logistics Staff (CLS); the Quarter-Master General (QMG); the Adjutant General (AG); the Inspector General of Training and Evaluation (IGT&E); and the Military Secretary (MS). The headquarters function also includes the Judge Advocate General (JAG), and the Comptroller of Civilian Personnel, the Chief of the Corps of Engineers (E-in-C)who is also head of Military Engineering Service (MES), all of them also report to the Chief of the Army Staff. The Pakistan Army ( Urdu:) is the largest branch of the Pakistan military, and is mainly responsible for protection of the state borders the security of administered
List of Chiefs of Army Staff
Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistan Army
- General Sir Frank Messervy (August 15, 1947 - February 10, 1948)
- General Sir Douglas David Gracey (February 11, 1948 - January 16, 1951)
- Field Marshal Ayub Khan (January 16, 1951 - October 26, 1958)
- General Musa Khan (October 27, 1958 - June 17, 1966)
- General Yahya Khan (June 18, 1966 – December 20, 1971)
- Lieutenant General Gul Hassan (December 20, 1971 - March 3, 1972)
- General Tikka Khan (March 3, 1972 – March 1, 1976)
- General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (April 1, 1976 - August 17, 1988)
- General Mirza Aslam Beg (August 17, 1988 - August 16, 1991)
- General Asif Nawaz (August 16, 1991 - January 8, 1993)
- General Wahid Kakar (January 8, 1993 - December 1, 1996)
- General Jehangir Karamat (December 1, 1996 - October 6, 1998)
- General Pervez Musharraf (October 7, 1998 - November 28, 2007)
- General Ashfaq Parvez Kayani (November 28, 2007 - present)
Structure of Army units
The Pakistani Army is divided into two main branches, which are Arms and Services. Arms include:
- Infantry
- Artillery
- Armour
- Air Defence
- Engineers
- Medical
- Communications (Signals)
And Services include:
- Ordnance Corps
- Maintenance and Repair Corps
- Electrical & Mechanical Engineering (EME) Corps
- Army Supply & Transport Corps (ASC)
- Army Education Corps (AEC)
- Military Police Corps
- Remount, Veterinary, and Farming Corps (RV&FC)
| Army Unit | Number of Units |
|---|---|
| Corps | 10 |
| Infantry Divisions | 19 |
| Armoured divisions | 2 |
| Mechanized divisions | 2 |
| Artillery Divisions | 2 |
| Special forces Brigades with 5 Battalions | 2 |
| Air Defence Command with 3 Air Defence Groups, 8 AD Brigades | 8 |
| Independent Mechanized Infantry Brigades | 7 |
| Independent Armoured brigades | 8 |
| Artillery Brigades | 4 |
| Engineer brigades | 8 |
| Aviation Squadrons | 23 |
| Armored Recce Regiment | 8 |
- Corps: A Corp in the Pakistani Army usually consists of two or more Divisions and is commanded by a Lieutenant General. A division is a large Military unit or formation usually consisting of around ten to thirty thousand soldiers A brigade is a Military unit Echelon: is An artillery brigade is a specialised form of Military Brigade dedicated to providing Artillery support An engineer is a person professionally engaged in a field of Engineering. This article is about a military unit For alternative meanings see Corps (disambiguation. Lieutenant General is a Military rank used in many countries The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the Currently the Pakistani Army has 10 Corps. The tenth one is the recently raised Army Strategic Force Command (ASFC), responsible for bearing the national strategic and nuclear assets. Initially a Division, but then raised to the status of a Corps.
- Division: Each division is commanded by a Major General, and usually holds three Brigades including infantry, artillery, engineers and communications units in addition to logistics (supply and service) support to sustain independent action. A division is a large Military unit or formation usually consisting of around ten to thirty thousand soldiers Major General or Major-General is a Military rank used in many countries Except for the Divisions operating in the mountains, all the Divisions have at least one armoured unit, some have even more depending upon their functionality. The most major of all ground force combat formations is the infantry division. Such a division would primarily hold three infantry brigades. There are 19 Infantry divisions, 2 Armored Divisions and 2 Artillery Division in the Pakistani Army.
- Brigade: A Brigade is under the command of a Brigadier or sometimes a Colonel and comprises three or more Battalions of different units depending on its functionality. A brigade is a Military unit Echelon: is This article refers to the military rank For the Doctor Who character known as the Brigadier see Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart. Colonel ( RP ˈkɜnəl GA ˈkɜrnəl is a Military rank of a Commissioned officer, with corresponding ranks existing in almost every country An independent brigade would be one that primarily consists of an artillery unit, an infantry unit, an armour unit and logistics to support its actions. Such a brigade is not part of any division and is under direct command of a corps.
- Battalion: Each battalion is commanded by a Lieutenant Colonel and has roughly 600 to 900 soldiers under his command. A battalion is a Military unit of around 500-1500 men usually consisting of between two and seven companies and typically commanded by a Lieutenant Colonel Lieutenant Colonel ( Lieutenant-Colonel in English from the French grade 's spelling is a rank of Commissioned officer in the armies This number varies depending on the functionality of the battalion. A battalion comprises either three batteries (in case of artillery and air defence regiments - generally named Papa, Quebec, Romeo, and Sierra) or four companies (in case of infantry regiments - generally named Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, and Delta - and other arms excluding armored units that are organized into squadrons) each under the command of a major and comprising of individual subunits called sections (which are further divisible into platoons and squads). [1]
Regiments
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*The President's Bodyguard formed at independence from members of the Governor General's Bodyguard, itself successor to the Governor's Troop of Moghals raised in 1773
*5th Horse is the successor to the 1st Sikh Irregular Cavalry (Wales's Horse), and the 2nd Sikh Irregular Cavalry, both raised in 1857
*6th Lancers is the successor to The Rohilkhand Horse raised in 1857, and the 4th Sikh Irregular Cavalry raised in 1858
*Guides Cavalry (Frontier Force) is the successor to the Corps of Guides raised in 1846
*11th Cavalry (Frontier Force) is the successor to 1st Regiment of Punjab Cavalry and 3rd Regiment of Punjab Cavalry, both raised in 1849
*13th Lancers is the successor to the 1st Native Troop raised in 1804, and the 2nd Native Troop raised in 1816. The Frontier Force Regiment (popularly known as the " Piffers " or the " FF " is one of six Infantry Regiments in the The Punjab Regiment is an Infantry Regiment of the Pakistan Army. The Sindh Regiment is an Infantry Regiment of the Pakistan Army established on 1 July 1980 The Baluch Regiment is an infantry regiment of the modern Pakistan Army. The Azad Kashmir Regiment is one of the six infantry regiments of Pakistan Army. The Northern Light Infantry ( NLI) is a Light Infantry Regiment of the Pakistan Army. For the Canadian regiment of the same name see Governor General's Body Guard The Governor General's Bodyguard was a Cavalry It is also the senior most armour regiment of the Indian Sub-Continent.
*19th Lancers is the successor to the 2nd Mahratta Horse (Tiwana Horse) raised in 1858, and Fane's Horse raised in 1860
*25th Cavalry (Frontier Force) is the famous unit which stopped Indian armour thrust in Chawinda in 1965
*The Punjab Regiment formed in 1956 from the 1st, 14th, 15th and 16th Punjab Regiments; can be traced back to the 3rd Battalion of Coast Sepoys raised in 1759
*The Baloch Regiment formed in 1956 from the 8th Punjab Regiment, The Baloch Regiment, and The Bahawalpur Regiment; can be traced back to the 3rd Extra Madras Battalion raised in 1798
*The Frontier Force Regiment is the successor to the Frontier Brigade raised in 1846
*The Azad Kashmir Regiment was raised in 1947, became part of the army in 1971
*The Sindh Regiment was raised in 1980 from battalions of the Punjab Regiment and Baloch Regiment
*The Northern Light Infantry was formed in 1977 from various paramilitary units of scouts, became part of the army in 1999 after the Kargil War
*The Special Service Group was formed in 1959 around a cadre from the Baloch Regiment
Corps
There are 10 Corps including the newly formed strategic corps (2004) located at various garrisons all over Pakistan. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country This article is about a military unit For alternative meanings see Corps (disambiguation. The Army Strategic Forces Command ( ASFC) is the force which commands all of Pakistan's land based strategic forces
| Corps | HQ Location | Major Formations under Corps | Commander |
|---|---|---|---|
| I Corps | Mangla, Azad Kashmir | 6th Armored Division (Kharian), 17th Infantry Division (Kharian), 37th Infantry Division (Gujranwala) | Lt Gen Nadeem Ahmed[2] |
| II Corps | Multan, Punjab | 1st Armored Division (Multan), 14th Infantry Division (Okara) | Lt Gen Sikandar Afzal[3] |
| IV Corps | Lahore, Punjab | 10th Infantry Division (Lahore), 11th Infantry Division (Lahore) | Lt Gen Ijaz Ahmed Bakhshi[2] |
| V Corps | Karachi, Sindh | 12th Independent Armored Brigade (Pano Akil), 16th Infantry Division (Pano Akil), 18th Infantry Division (Hyderabad), 25th Mechanized Division (Malir) | Lt Gen Ahsan Azhar Hayat[3] |
| X Corps | Rawalpindi, Punjab | FCNA (Gilgit), 12th Infantry Division (Murree), 19th Infantry Division (Mangla), 23rd Infantry Division (Jhelum) | Lt Gen Mohsin Kamal[4] |
| XI Corps | Peshawar, North West Frontier Province | 7th Infantry Division (Peshawar), 9th Infantry Division (Kohat) | Lt Gen Masood Aslam |
| XII Corps | Quetta, Balochistan | 33rd Infantry Division (Quetta), 41st Infantry Division (Quetta) | Lt Gen Khalid Shameem Wynne |
| XXX Corps | Gujranwala, Punjab | 8th Infantry Division (Sialkot), 15th Infantry Division (Sialkot) | Lt Gen Waseem Ahmed Ashraf[5] |
| XXXI Corps | Bahawalpur, Punjab | 14th Independent Armored Brigade (Bahawalpur), 26th Mechanized Division (Bahawalpur), 35th Infantry Division (Bahawalpur), 40th Infantry Division (Okara) | Lt Gen Raza Muhammad Khan[6] |
| Strategic Corps | Rawalpindi, Punjab | classified | Lt Gen Syed Absar Hussain[6] |
Present commanders
It may be noted that during 1965 Indo-Pakistani War, there were only two Lt. Mangla ( Urdu: منگلا village is located in Mirpur District, Azad Kashmir, while Mangla Cantt is located in Jhelum District, The Azad State of Jammu and Kashmir, usually shortened to Azad Jammu and Kashmir ( AJK) or simply Azad Kashmir (literally "free Kharian ( Urdu: کھاریاں) is a city of Gujrat District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Kharian ( Urdu: کھاریاں) is a city of Gujrat District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Gujranwala ( is a city in Punjab, Pakistan with a population of 1132509 (1998 census ( Urdu:, Punjabi ملتان، ਮੁਲਤਾਨ is a city in the Punjab Province of Pakistan and capital of Multan District The Punjab ( Urdu:) province of ( Urdu:, Punjabi ملتان، ਮੁਲਤਾਨ is a city in the Punjab Province of Pakistan and capital of Multan District ( lahor is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and is the second largest city in Pakistan after Karachi. ( lahor is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and is the second largest city in Pakistan after Karachi. (ڪراچي) is the largest city in Pakistan. It is the world's second largest city proper behind Mumbai in terms of population which exceeds 10 million Sindh ( Sindhī: سنڌ Urdu: سندھ is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhis. Pano Akil is a taluka of Sukkur District in the Sindh province of Pakistan. Pano Akil is a taluka of Sukkur District in the Sindh province of Pakistan. ( Urdu, Sindhi:; Haidarābād is located in the Sindh province of Pakistan. Malir Town is a small densely populated town located in the Eastern part of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. ( Urdu: Rāwalpindī) is a city in the Potwar Plateau near Pakistan 's capital city of Islamabad, in the province Gilgit ( Urdu: گلگت) is the capital city of the Northern Areas, Pakistan and a Tehsil (headquarters of Gilgit District Murree city ( Urdu: مری) is a popular Hill station and a summer resort especially for the residents of Islamabad, and for the cities Mangla ( Urdu: منگلا village is located in Mirpur District, Azad Kashmir, while Mangla Cantt is located in Jhelum District, The XI Corps is one of the Pakistan Army 's nine active corps and the only one in the NWFP. ( پښور; Urdu: پشاور) is the capital of the North-West Frontier Province and the administrative centre for the Federally Administered The North-West Frontier Province (NWFP ( Urdu: śimāl maġribī sarhadī sūba) is the smallest of the four main provinces of Pakistan. The 7th Infantry Division, also known as the Golden Arrow (after its formation sign and Peshawar Division, (after its Garrison Kohat ( Urdu: کوہاٹ is a medium sized town in North West Frontier Province of Pakistan. Lieutenant General is a Military rank used in many countries The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the Lieutenant General Muhammad Masood Aslam SJ (born September 1, 1952) is the principal commander of Pakistan Army fighting the ( Urdu: کوئٹہ) ( Pashto: کوټه) also spelled Kwatah City is a variation of kwatkot a Pashto word meaning “fort Balochistan, or Baluchistan, Pashto, ( Balochi, Hazara, Brahui, Sindhi, Urdu: بلوچستان ( Urdu: کوئٹہ) ( Pashto: کوټه) also spelled Kwatah City is a variation of kwatkot a Pashto word meaning “fort ( Urdu: کوئٹہ) ( Pashto: کوټه) also spelled Kwatah City is a variation of kwatkot a Pashto word meaning “fort Lieutenant General is a Military rank used in many countries The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the Lieutenant General Khalid Shameem Wynne is the Commander of the Pakistan Army 's XII Corps Gujranwala ( is a city in Punjab, Pakistan with a population of 1132509 (1998 census Sialkot ( Urdu / Punjabi:) the capital of Sialkot District, is a city situated in the north-east of the Punjab province in Sialkot ( Urdu / Punjabi:) the capital of Sialkot District, is a city situated in the north-east of the Punjab province in Bahawalpur (also Bhawalpur or Bhawulpore) (بہاولپور is the capital city of Bahawalpur District located in, Punjab Pakistan Bahawalpur (also Bhawalpur or Bhawulpore) (بہاولپور is the capital city of Bahawalpur District located in, Punjab Pakistan Bahawalpur (also Bhawalpur or Bhawulpore) (بہاولپور is the capital city of Bahawalpur District located in, Punjab Pakistan Bahawalpur (also Bhawalpur or Bhawulpore) (بہاولپور is the capital city of Bahawalpur District located in, Punjab Pakistan The Army Strategic Forces Command ( ASFC) is the force which commands all of Pakistan's land based strategic forces The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 was a culmination of Skirmishes that took place between April 1965 and September 1965 between India and Pakistan. Gens in the Army; Bakhtiar Rana the Commander I Corps and Altaf Qadir who was on deputation to CENTO, Turkey and a handful of Maj. The Central Treaty Organization (also referred to as CENTO, original name was Middle East Treaty Organization or METO, also known as the Baghdad Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Gens, "unlike the present when both are overflowing every conceivable container. "[7]
During 1971 Indo-Pakistani War, the number of Lt Gens reached eleven; three were posted at the GHQ, four were corps commanders, and the rest of four were governors under Yahya martial law. The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a major military conflict between India and Pakistan. General Abdul Hamid Khan was the Chief of Staff (COS), Lt Gen S. General Abdul Hamid Khan was the Army Chief of Staff (COS under President General Yahya Khan, and the de-facto Army Commander-in-Chief G. M. M. Peerzada was the PSO to the President, and Lt Gen Gul Hassan Khan was the Chief of General Staff (CGS). See also General Sahabzada Yaqub Khan General Musa Khan General Rao Farman Ali General Mitha Eastern Command was under Lt Gen A.A.K. Niazi, I Corps was under Lt Gen Irshad Ahmad Khan, II Corps was under Lt Gen Tikka Khan, IV Corps was under Lt Gen Abdul Hameed Khan (first commandant of NDC). Lieutenant General Amir Abdullah Khan Niazi HJ, MC (1915 - 2 February 2004 was a general officer of the Pakistan Army. 1965 war One of Khan's greatest successes on the battlefield came in the spring of 1965 during the series of clashes between India and Pakistan in the Rann of Kutch On the other hand, governor Punjab was Lt Gen Attiqur Rahman, governor Sindh was Lt Gen Rakhman Gul, governor Balochistan was Lt Gen K. Lieutenant General (retd Mohammed Attiqur Rahman MC (24 June 1918 - 1 June 1996 was a distinguished general officer in the Pakistan Army a noted military historian M. Azhar, and governor Balochistan was Lt Gen Riaz Hussain.
Note:This list of generals and lieutenant generals is maintained according to their seniority in the army. The list of major generals is partial, and is arranged in no particular order. All the names in the list are extracted from open sources (which in turn rely on Pakistan Army's ISPR press releases), therefore the following names might not correlate with the actual current posts of the commanders. Inter Services Public Relations ( ISPR) ( Urdu: شعبہٴ تعلقات عامہ)is an administrative organization within the military of Pakistan
- General Tariq Majid — Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Tariq Majid (born August 1950 is a Pakistani General and current chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. In March 1976 the Government of Pakistan adopted the recommendations of the White Paper on Higher Defence Reorganization due to retire on October 8, 2010.
- General Ashfaq Parvez Kayani — Chief of Army Staff. General Ashfaq Parvez Kayani ( Urdu: اشفاق پرویز کیانی) (born April 1952 Gujar Khan, Punjab) is a Pakistani The Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistan Army (COAS is the highest post in the Pakistan Army. due to retire on November 28, 2010.
- Lt Gen Syed Athar Ali[3] — DG Joint Staff, JS HQ. due to retire on October 4, 2008.
- Lt Gen Waseem Ahmad Ashraf[5] — Commander XXX Corps, Gujranwala. due to retire on October 4, 2008.
- Lt Gen Imtiaz Hussain[5] — Adjutant General (AG), GHQ. (Colonel Commandant of the Corps of Military Police) due to retire on October 4, 2008.
- Lt Gen Mohammad Afzal Muzaffar[8] — Quartermaster General (QMG), GHQ. due to retire on October 4, 2008.
- Lt Gen Hamid Rab Nawaz[6] — Inspector General Training and Evaluation (IGT&E), GHQ. due to retire on October 4, 2008.
- Lt Gen Mohammad Sabir[9] — Military Secretary (MS), GHQ. due to retire on October 4, 2008.
- Lt Gen Salahuddin Satti[10] — Chief of the General Staff (CGS), GHQ. due to retire on October 4, 2008.
- Lt Gen Syed Sabahat Hussain[3] — Chairman, Pakistan Ordnance Factories, Wah Cantt. Pakistan Ordnance Factories or POF is a defence industrial complex producing conventional arms and ammunition in Pakistan under the Ministry of Defence Production Wah Cantt ( Urdu: واہ) is a Cantonment city located in the Punjab province of Pakistan. (Colonel Commandant of the Frontier Force Regiment) due to retire on May 5, 2009. The Frontier Force Regiment (popularly known as the " Piffers " or the " FF " is one of six Infantry Regiments in the
- Lt Gen Raza Mohammad Khan[6] — Commander XXXI Corps, Bahawalpur. due to retire on September 23, 2009.
- Lt Gen Masood Aslam — Commander XI Corps, Peshawar. Lieutenant General is a Military rank used in many countries The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the Lieutenant General Muhammad Masood Aslam SJ (born September 1, 1952) is the principal commander of Pakistan Army fighting the (Colonel Commandant of the Punjab Regiment) due to retire on September 23, 2009. The Punjab Regiment is an Infantry Regiment of the Pakistan Army.
- Lt Gen Shafaatullah Shah[2] — Chief of Logistics Staff (CLS), GHQ. (Colonel Commandant of the Baloch Regiment) due to retire on September 23, 2009. The Baluch Regiment is an infantry regiment of the modern Pakistan Army.
- Lt Gen Hamid Khan[6] — President National Defence University, Islamabad. National Defence University (NDU is a Pakistani military institution whose origin goes back to the year 1963 when the 1st Army War Course started at the Command and Staff College |name = Islamabad|native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = Capital City |total_type due to retire on September 23, 2009.
- Lt Gen Israr Ahmed Ghumman[11] — Chairman, Heavy Industries Taxila. Heavy Industries Taxila (HIT is the backbone of Pakistan 's Engineering Industry for the Pakistan Armed Forces being a combination of multiple industries that has grown due to retire on September 23, 2009.
- Lt Gen Ahsan Azhar Hayat[3] — Commander V Corps, Karachi. due to retire on April 11, 2010.
- Lt Gen Sajjad Akram[2] — Deputy Chairman, ERRA (Earthquake Reconstruction & Rehabilitation Authority). Earthquake Reconstruction & Rehabilitation Authority (ERRA, organization set up by the Government of Pakistan to rebuild 28000sq-km earthquake hit area (that equals to the due to retire on April 11, 2010.
- Lt Gen Nadeem Ahmad[2] — Commander I Corps, Mangla. due to retire on April 11, 2010.
- Lt Gen Muhammad Zaki[3] — DG Infantry, GHQ. due to retire on April 11, 2010.
- Lt Gen Sikandar Afzal[3] — Commander II Corps, Multan. due to retire on April 11, 2010.
- Lt Gen Ijaz Ahmed Bakhshi[2] — Commander IV Corps, Lahore. due to retire on April 11, 2010.
- Lt Gen Khalid Shameem Wynne — Commander XII Corps, Quetta. Lieutenant General is a Military rank used in many countries The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the Lieutenant General Khalid Shameem Wynne is the Commander of the Pakistan Army 's XII Corps due to retire on March 8, 2011.
- Lt Gen Mohammad Ashraf Saleem[5] — Commander Army Air Defence Command. (Colonel Commandant of Army Air Defence) due to retire on March 8, 2011.
- Lt Gen Shahid Niaz[5] — Engineer-in-Chief Pakistan Army. (Colonel Commandant of Corps of Engineers) due to retire on March 8, 2011.
- Lt Gen Muhammad Yousaf[5] — Vice Chief of General Staff (VCGS), GHQ. due to retire on March 8, 2011.
- Lt Gen Syed Absar Hussain[5] — Commander, Army Strategic Forces Command. The Army Strategic Forces Command ( ASFC) is the force which commands all of Pakistan's land based strategic forces due to retire on March 8, 2011.
- Lt Gen Javed Zia[4] — Deputy Chief of General Staff (DCGS), GHQ. due to retire on September 21, 2011.
- Lt Gen Shujaat Zamir Dar — DG D&E (Doctrine and Evaluation), GHQ. due to retire on September 21, 2011.
- Lt Gen Mohsin Kamal[4] — Commander X Corps, Rawalpindi. (Colonel Commandant of the Northern Light Infantry Regiment) due to retire on September 21, 2011. The Northern Light Infantry ( NLI) is a Light Infantry Regiment of the Pakistan Army.
- Lt Gen Muhammad Asghar[4] — Rector, NUST, Rawalpindi. The National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST is a Public university located at several campuses in Pakistan that primarily trains members of the Pakistan ( Urdu: Rāwalpindī) is a city in the Potwar Plateau near Pakistan 's capital city of Islamabad, in the province due to retire on September 21, 2011.
- Lt Gen Jamil Haider[4] — DG C4I, GHQ. C2I stands for Command Control and Intelligence C4I stands for Command Control Communications Computers and (military Intelligence due to retire on September 21, 2011.
- Lt Gen Nadeem Taj — DG ISI (Inter-Services Intelligence). Lieutenant General is a Military rank used in many countries The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the Lieutenant General Nadeem Taj is the former Director General of the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI Pakistan's premier Intelligence agency History After independence in 1947 two new intelligence agencies were created in Pakistan called the Intelligence Bureau (IB and Military Intelligence due to retire on September 21, 2011.
- Lt Gen Muhammad Rehan Burney[2] — Surgeon General, GHQ. due to retire on March 24, 2012.
- Maj Gen Ahmed Shuja Pasha[12] — DGMO (Military Operations).
- Maj Gen Muhammad Asif[13] — DGMI (Military Intelligence). Military Intelligence (MI is part of the Pakistan Army and reports to the Commander-in-Chief
- Maj Gen Athar Abbas — DG ISPR (Inter-Services Public Relations). Major General or Major-General is a Military rank used in many countries Major General Athar Abbas is a Pakistani Army General who replaced Major General Waheed Arshad as the new Director General of Inter Services Public Inter Services Public Relations ( ISPR) ( Urdu: شعبہٴ تعلقات عامہ)is an administrative organization within the military of Pakistan
- Maj Gen Khalid Nawaz — Commandant, Command and Staff College, Quetta. The Command and Staff College was established in 1907 at Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan.
- Maj Gen Zahid Hussain Khan[14] — Commandant, Pakistan Military Academy, Kakul. Pakistan Military Academy ( PMA) is the Military Academy of Pakistan Army. Kakul is a town situated in the Kakul Valley at an elevation of 1300 metres 5 km north of Abbottabad city near the Thandiani Hills in the North-West
- Maj Gen Ziauddin Najam[15] - GOC, Army Strategic Forces Command. The Army Strategic Forces Command ( ASFC) is the force which commands all of Pakistan's land based strategic forces
- Maj Gen Sardar Mahmood Ali Khan - DG Military Training, Kakul.
- Maj Gen Nasser Janjua[15] - GOC 7th Infantry Division, Peshawar. (operating in Swat region)
- Maj Gen Khalid Rabbani - GOC 9th Infantry Division, Kohat.
- Maj Gen Tahir Ashraf Khan[16] - GOC 33rd Infantry Division, Quetta.
- Maj Gen Muzammail Hussain - Commander, Force Command Northern Areas, Gilgit. Gilgit ( Urdu: گلگت) is the capital city of the Northern Areas, Pakistan and a Tehsil (headquarters of Gilgit District
- Maj Gen Zaheer Ul Islam - GOC 12th Infantry Division, Murree. (deployed near LoC)
- Maj Gen Sajjad Ghani - GOC 19th Infantry Division, Mangla. Names Specifically the term "Line of Control" (LOC refers to the military control line between the Indian- and Pakistani-controlled parts of the former princely state
- Maj Gen Javed Iqbal - GOC 23rd Infantry Division, Jhelum.
- Maj Gen Jahangir Khan - GOC 8th Infantry Division, Sialkot.
- Maj Gen Ahsan Mehmood - GOC 15th Infantry Division, Sialkot.
- Maj Gen Tahir Habib Siddiqui[16] - GOC 6th Armoured Division, Kharian.
- Maj Gen Muhammad Khalid[16] - GOC 17th Infantry Division, Kharian.
- Maj Gen Shaukat Sultan[15] - GOC 10th Infantry Division, Lahore. Major General or Major-General is a Military rank used in many countries Major General Shaukat Sultan Khan was the Director General of the Inter-Services Public Relations of the Military of Pakistan.
- Maj Gen Raheel Sharif[15] - GOC 11th Infantry Division, Lahore.
- Maj Gen Tariq Khan[17] - GOC 14th Infantry Division, Okara. (operating in Waziristan region)
- Maj Gen Nadeem Ijaz[13] - GOC 26th Mechanized Division, Bahawalpur. Waziristan ( Pashto: وزیرستان "land of the Wazir " is a mountainous region of northwest Pakistan, bordering Afghanistan
- Maj Gen Muhammad Haroon Aslam[15] - DG Rangers (Punjab). The Pakistan Rangers are a paramilitary force under the control of the Pakistan Army.
- Maj Gen Liaquat Ali[15] - DG Rangers (Sindh).
- Maj Gen Salim Nawaz[15] - IG Frontier Corps (Balochistan). The Frontier Corps ( FC) is a federal paramilitary force recruited mostly by people from the tribal areas and officered by officers from the Pakistan Army
- Maj Gen Muhammad Alam Khattak[15] - IG Frontier Corps (N. W. F. P).
History of the Pakistan Army
- See also: Military history of Pakistan
1947 - 1958
The Pakistani Army was created on June 30, 1947 with the division of the British Indian Army and Pakistan received six armoured, eight artillery and eight infantry regiments compared to the forty armoured, forty artillery and twenty one infantry regiments that went to India. The military history of Pakistan can be viewed as the history of modern-day Pakistan, as the Military of Pakistan has played and continues to play a vital role Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. See Indian Army for the post-independence (and post- partition) army of the Republic of India. Artillery (from French artillerie) is a military Combat Arm which employs any apparātus machine The Infantry is the oldest and most numerous of the Combat Arms in the Armed forces, and consists [18] Fearing that India would take over the disputed region of Kashmir, the newly created Pakistani Army sent in irregulars and tribal groups in 1947 which lead to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The Indo-Pakistani War of 1947, sometimes known as the First Kashmir War, was fought between India and Pakistan over the region of Kashmir from Regular army units joined the invasion later on but were stopped on UK pressure but not before occupying the northwestern part of Kashmir. This article is about the geographical region of greater Kashmir During the 1950s, the Pakistani Army received large amounts of economic and military aid from United States and Great Britain after signing two Mutual Defense Treaties, Central Treaty Organization, (Cento) also known as the Baghdad Pact and SEATO, (South East Asian Treaty Organization) in 1954. The Central Treaty Organization (also referred to as CENTO, original name was Middle East Treaty Organization or METO, also known as the Baghdad Baghdad (بغداد) is the Capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate, with which it is also coterminous The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization ( SEATO) was an International organization for Collective defense created by the Southeast Asia Collective This aid greatly expanded the Army from its modest beginnings.
The sole div HQ that went to Pakistan was 7th. 8 and 9 Divs were raised in 1947; 10, 12 and 14 Divs were raised in 1948. 15 Div was raised in 1950. At some point before 1954, 6 Div was raised and 9 Div disbanded. 6 Div was disbanded at some point after 1954 as US assistance was available only for 1 armd and 6 inf divs. 1 Armd Div was raised 1956.
1958 - 1969
The Army seized control of Pakistan for the first time when General Ayub Khan came to power through a bloodless coup in 1958. Field Marshal Muhammad Ayub Khan ( Urdu / Pashto: محمد ايوب خان GCMG, MBE, HJ, NPk, ( May 14 Tensions with India continued in the 1960s and a brief border skirmish was fought near the Rann of Kutch area during April 1965, in which the Indian Army was repulsed with moderate casualties. Emboldened, the Pakistan Army leaders carried out Operation Gibraltar, an attempt to take Kashmir, that was launched later in the year, resulting in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. Operation Gibraltar was the name given to the failed plan by Pakistan to infiltrate the disputed Jammu and Kashmir region in north-western India and The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 was a culmination of Skirmishes that took place between April 1965 and September 1965 between India and Pakistan. After the Pakistani infiltrators were discovered, India counter-attacked. Moreover, Indian Army was not successful in striking devastating blows to the Pakistani Armoured Divisions. The Indian Army (Bharatiya Thalsena भारतीय थाल्सेना is one of the armed forces of India and has the responsibility for land-based The 3-week war ended in a U. N. mandated ceasefire culminating in the Tashkent Declaration. The Tashkent Declaration of January 10, 1966 was a peace agreement between India and Pakistan Popular uprising against General Ayub Khan, during 1968 and 1969 resulted in Ayub Khan relinquishing his office as President and Chief of Pakistan Army in favor of General Yahya Khan who assumed power in 1969. Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan ( February 4 1917 &ndash August 10 1980) was the President of Pakistan from 1969 to 1971 following the resignation
6 Armd and 11 Inf Divs were raised in ad hoc form 1964-65. 16, 18 and 23 Divs were raised at some point between 1966-69, and 9 Div was reraised in this period.
1969 - 1977
During the rule of General Yahya Khan, the Bengalis protested their poor conditions and civil unrest broke out in East Pakistan amidst some incidents of human rights abuses carried out by the Pakistani Army. The civil unrest led to what is known as Pakistani Civil War by Pakistanis and "Muktijuddho" or Bangladesh Liberation War. The Bangladesh Liberation War (i ( Bengali: মুক্তিযুদ্ধ Muktijuddho) was an armed conflict between West Pakistan (later India joined the war on the side of Bangladesh and within a fortnight of fighting between India and Pakistan, on the 16th of December, 1971, over 90,000 Pakistani soldiers and officers surrendered and Bangladesh became a republic. Consequently, the Pakistan army was modernized at a faster pace than ever before. After the war, General Yahya Khan resigned and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto took over the reins. Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan ( February 4 1917 &ndash August 10 1980) was the President of Pakistan from 1969 to 1971 following the resignation Zulfikar Ali Bhutto ( Urdu: ur '''ذوالفقار علی بھٹو''' Sindhi: ذوالفقار علي ڀُٽو, zʊlfɪqɑːɾ ɑli bɦʊʈːoː
In March 1971, 17 and 33 Divs were raised to replace 9 and 16 Divs sent to East Pakistan. In East Pakistan, 36 and 39 Divs were raised as dummy divs. In November 35 and 37 Divs were ordered raised but obviously were not ready till well after the war. 9, 14, 16 Divs were reraised in 1972. FCNA was raised in 1976 if I recall right.
1977 - 1999
In 1977 the Pakistan Army took over the government of Pakistan after a coup by General Zia ul-Haq, which saw the end of another democratically elected government leading to the hanging of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, after he was tried and found guilty of conspiracy of murdering a politician named Kasuri. General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq ( Arabic: محمد ضياء الحق) (b Zulfikar Ali Bhutto ( Urdu: ur '''ذوالفقار علی بھٹو''' Sindhi: ذوالفقار علي ڀُٽو, zʊlfɪqɑːɾ ɑli bɦʊʈːoː General Zia ul-Haq ruled as a military dictator until his mysterious explosion aircraft death in 1988. General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq ( Arabic: محمد ضياء الحق) (b
Pakistani army also helped the Saudi Arabian Government in regaining the control of the Kaaba with the help of French Commandos. Pakistani and French security forces retook the Kaaba in a battle which left approximately 250 dead, and 600 wounded. The Grand Mosque Seizure on November 20, 1979, was an armed attack and takeover by armed Islamic fundamentalist Dissidents of the Al-Masjid The Pakistanis and French were called in after poor results from assaults by the Saudi Arabian National Guard (SANG). 127 were reported to have been killed.
In the mid-1970s the Pakistani Army was involved in fighting an uprising in Balochistan. Various Balochi factions, some with the oblique support of the USSR, wanted independence or at least greater provincial rights. The rebellion was put down but the Army suffered heavy casualties.
With the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the United States began to provide large scale military and economic aid to Pakistan to modernize its conventional military capability and, ostensibly at least, prevent any Soviet attacks on it. This aid was also intended as an incentive for Pakistan to aid guerrilla forces (called "Army of GOD") in Afghanistan. Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت, The SSG created a unit called the Black Storks in which SSG commandos were dressed up as Afghan Mujahideen during the Soviet-Afghan war. Special Service Group (SSG is an independent Commando division of the Pakistan Army. Special Service Group (SSG is an independent Commando division of the Pakistan Army. They were then flown into Afghanistan and provided the Mujahideen with support. The United States allocated about 40% of its assistance package to non-reimbursable credits for military purchases, the fourth largest program after Israel,Egypt, and Turkey. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches The remainder of the aid program was devoted to economic assistance.
After the Soviets withdrew by 1989 and the Pakistani Nuclear weapons program nearing maturity, Pakistan was placed under sanctions by USA in 1990. Various weapon systems ordered by Pakistan such as F-16 Jets were not delivered but various amendments have authorized return of spare parts and end items already paid for by Pakistan. There was a period of international sanctions due to Pakistan's nuclear tests. During 1999 the Pakistan Army for the fourth time overthrew a democratically elected government which resulted in additional sanctions being placed against Pakistan
The Army fought a brief but bloody border skirmish with India in Kargil 1999 after the Pakistan Army sent in their para-military NLI troops dressed as mujahiddin. The Kargil War, also known as the Kargil conflict, was an armed conflict between India and Pakistan that took place between May and July The Indian army responded with immense force, but suffered considerable casualties in assaults on the well entrenched Pakistani positions. There was a danger of the war spiraling out of control when Nawaz Sharif, under immense pressure from Washington, eventually ordered a withdrawal. This incident created much resentment in the Army against the Prime Minister who was seen as having ceded to American demands despite his soldiers being in a tactically superior position and is also rumored to have contributed to his eventual overthrowing by the COAS.
40 and 41 Divs were raised in the 1980s; Two more divs have been raised under the rubric "Corps Reserves" for V and XXXI corps.
1999 - Present
In October 1999 the Pakistan Army for the fourth time, with popular support, overthrew a democratically elected government which resulted in additional sanctions being placed against Pakistan, resulting in the current President, General Pervez Musharraf, coming to power in a bloodless coup. General (ret Pervez Musharraf ( (born 11 August 1943 NI(M, HI(M, TBt, is the former Military dictator and President of Musharraf had pledged to step down as Army chief in 2005 however he changed his mind.
Since the 9/11 incident, Pakistan unrecognized Taliban and has become a key ally of the United States in the fight against terrorism. The Taliban ( طالبان, also anglicised as Taleban; translation "students" is a Sunni Islamist, predominately The United States of America —commonly referred to as the As part of the U.S.'s War on Terrorism, the army has moved over 50,000 troops to the Pakistan-Afghan border to patrol against extreme elements cross border infiltration. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The War on Terrorism (also known as the War on Terror) is the common term for the military political and legal, and ideological conflict and specifically for U
The Pakistan Army commenced operations in Balochistan during 2006, resulting in the killing of the leader of the Balochis, Nawab Akbar Bugti and has resulted in the crushing of a rebellion by the Balochistan Liberation Army. Nawab Akbar Shahbaz Khan Bugti (نواب اکبر شہاز خان بگٹی ( July 12, 1927 – August 26, 2006) was the Tumandar (head The Baloch Liberation Army ( BLA) is a Militant Separatist organization
Pakistan Army Role in Peacekeeping
See also UN peacekeeping missions involving Pakistan
In the wake of the new world power equilibrium a more complex security environment has emerged. UN peacekeeping missions involving Pakistan covers a long and cherished history of Pakistani involvement with the United Nations. It is characterized by growing national power politics and state implosions which have necessitated involvement of the United Nations peace keeping forces for conflict resolution. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security
The United Nations has been undertaking peace keeping operations since its inception, but the need for employment of peace keeping forces has increased manifold since the Gulf War. In 1992 there were 11000 Blue Berets deployed around the world, by the end of the year the figure rose to 52000. Presently it exceeds a staggering figure of 80,000 troops.
Pakistan Contribution in UN Peace Keeping Missions
- UN Operation in Congo (ONUC) 1960-1964
- UN Security Force in New Guinea, West Irian (UNSF) 1962-1963
- UN Yemen Observer Mission Yemen (UNYOM) 1963-1964
- UN Transition Assistance Group in Namibia (UNTAG) 1989-1990
- UN Iraq-Kuwait Observer Mission (UNIKOM) 1991-2003
- UN Mission in Haiti (UNMIH) 1993-1996
- UN Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) 1992-1993
- UN Operations in Somalia (UNOSOM) 1992-1995
- UN Protection Forces in Bosnia (UNPROFOR) 1992-1995
- UN Observer Mission for Rawanda (UNAMIR) 1993-1996
- UN Verification Mission in Angola (UNAVEM III) 1995-1997
- UN Transitional Administration for Eastern Slavonia (UNTAES) 1996-1997
- UN Mission of Observers in Prevlaka (UNMOP) 1996-2002
- UN Assistance Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) 2001-2005
- UN Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) 1999-to-date
- UN Mission in Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC) 2003-to-date
- UN Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) 2003-to-date
- UN Mission in Ivory Coast (ONUCI) 2004-to-date
- UN Mission in Burundi (ONUB) 2004-to-date
- UN Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) 2005-to-date
- UN Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) 1999-to-date
Currently, Pakistan has the most operational army in UN peace keeping missions. The Democratic Republic of the Congo (République démocratique du Congo often referred to as DR Congo, DRC or RDC, and formerly known or referred to Organisation des Nations Unies au Congo, abbreviated ONUC, (English The United Nations Organization in the Congo) was a United Nations Peacekeeping New Guinea, located just north of Australia, is the world's second largest island, having become separated from the Australian mainland when the area now known Yemen ( Arabic: اليَمَن al-Yaman officially the Republic of Yemen ( Arabic: الجمهورية اليمنية al-Jumhuuriyya Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa on the Atlantic coast For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. The State of Kuwait ( دولة الكويت IPA [dawlatt̪ alkuwajt̪]) is a sovereign Arab Emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed Haiti ( English: ˈheɪ·tiː or haɪ·ˈjiː·tiː French Haïti a·i·ti Haitian Creole: The Kingdom of Cambodia ( formerly known as Kampuchea (, transliterated: Preăh Réachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchea) is a country in South East Somalia ( Soomaaliya; الصومال) officially the Somali Republic ( Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya, جمهورية الصومال) and formerly known Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Latin script: Bosna i Hercegovina, Cyrillic script: Босна и Херцеговина is a country on the Balkan The Republic of Rwanda (ruːˈændə or /rəˈwɑːndə/ in English ɾwanda or in Kinyarwanda is a small Landlocked country in the Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (República de Angola Pronounced ʁɛˈpublikɐ dɨ ɐ̃ˈgɔlɐ Repubilika ya Ngola is a country in south-central Not to be confused with Slovenia, a nearby country Slavonia ( Croatian, Serbian: Slavonija, Cyrillic script Sierra Leone, officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. East Timor, also known as Timor-Leste (officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste) is a country in Southeast Asia. The Democratic Republic of the Congo (République démocratique du Congo often referred to as DR Congo, DRC or RDC, and formerly known or referred to The Mission of the United Nations in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC abbreviated MONUC (a French Acronym for M ission Liberia, officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the west coast of Africa, bordered by Sierra Leone, Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a Burundi (buˈɾundi officially the Republic of Burundi, is a small country in the Great Lakes region of Eastern Africa bordered by Rwanda Sudan (officially the Republic of Sudan) ( السودان al-Sūdān is a country in northeastern Africa. Notable are it's achievements in DRC and Somalia
Political Power of the Army
The Pakistani army has always played an integral part of the Pakistan government and politics since its inception. It has virtually remained as the 3rd party that has seized power every now and then in the name of stabilizing Pakistan. The first of them was General Ayub Khan who came to power through a coup in 1958. Field Marshal Muhammad Ayub Khan ( Urdu / Pashto: محمد ايوب خان GCMG, MBE, HJ, NPk, ( May 14 Later, General Yahya Khan would assume power in 1969. Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan ( February 4 1917 &ndash August 10 1980) was the President of Pakistan from 1969 to 1971 following the resignation After the 71 war the democratic setup was restored only to be cut short in 1977 after a coup which saw the end of another democratically elected Government and the Hanging of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the Pakistani Premier. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto ( Urdu: ur '''ذوالفقار علی بھٹو''' Sindhi: ذوالفقار علي ڀُٽو, zʊlfɪqɑːɾ ɑli bɦʊʈːoː General Zia ul-Haq ruled as a dictator virtually unopposed until his death in 1988. General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq ( Arabic: محمد ضياء الحق) (b Despite the exit of the army from mainstream politics, the political muscle of the military was everpresent. The current President, General Pervez Musharraf, came to power in a bloodless coup in October 1999 overthrowing the last democratically elected government led by Nawaz Sharif. General (ret Pervez Musharraf ( (born 11 August 1943 NI(M, HI(M, TBt, is the former Military dictator and President of Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif also known as Nawaz Sharif ( Urdu:) (born December 25, 1949 in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
Fauji Foundation
Fauji Foundation (established in 1954) is a charitable trust, operating on a completely self sustaining basis, channeling approximately 80% of the profits from commercial ventures into social protection programmes that serve a beneficiary population representing approximately 7% of the country’s population. [19]
Spending more than Rs. 21 billion since inception on welfare, the Foundation provides services in the areas of healthcare, education, educational stipends, technical and vocational training.
- Over 2. 1 million patients treated per year through the FF Healthcare System
- Approximately 38,000 students enrolled in the FF Education System
- Approximately 70,000 educational stipends dispersed each year
- Over 6,000 individuals trained annually through the Vocational & Technical Training Centres
Considered the most sustainable social protection mechanism in the country, Fauji Foundation provides welfare services to approximately 10 million individuals on a completely sustainable basis. Running autonomously for over 50 years, the foundation has been providing healthcare, education, vocational and technical training to over 7% of the country’s population through 294 welfare projects. [20]
Personnel Training
Enlisted ranks
Most enlisted personnel used to come from rural families, and many have only rudimentary literacy skills, but with the increase in the litracy level the requirements have been raised to Matriculate level (10th Grade). Recruits are processed gradually through a paternalistically run regimental training center, taught the official language, Urdu, if necessary, and given a period of elementary education before their military training actually starts. Urdu ( ur '''{{Nastaliq اردو}}''' trans Urdū, historically spelled Ordu) is a Central Indo-Aryan language Urdu is a standardised
In the thirty-six-week training period, they develop an attachment to the regiment they will remain with through much of their careers and begin to develop a sense of being a Pakistani rather than primarily a member of a tribe or a village. Enlisted men usually serve for eighteen years, during which they participate in regular training cycles and have the opportunity to take academic courses to help them advance.
Officer Ranks
About 320 men enter the army bi-annually through the Pakistan Military Academy at Kakul in Abbottabad in the North West Frontier Province; a small number--especially physicians and technical specialists--are directly recruited, and these persons are part of the heart of the officer corps. Pakistan Military Academy ( PMA) is the Military Academy of Pakistan Army. Abbottabad ( Pashto: ایبٹ آباد) is the principal city of Abbottabad District in the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan The North-West Frontier Province (NWFP ( Urdu: śimāl maġribī sarhadī sūba) is the smallest of the four main provinces of Pakistan. The product of a highly competitive selection process, members of the officer corps have completed twelve years of education and spend two years at the Pakistan Military Academy, with their time divided about equally between military training and academic work to bring them up to a baccalaureate education level, which includes English-language skills.
The army has twelve other training establishments, including schools concentrating on specific skills such as infantry, artillery, intelligence, or mountain warfare. A National University of Science and Technology (NUST) has been established which has absorbed the existing colleges of engineering, signals, and electrical engineering. At the apex of the army training system is the Command and Staff College at Quetta, one of the few institutions inherited from the colonial period. The Command and Staff College was established in 1907 at Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. ( Urdu: کوئٹہ) ( Pashto: کوټه) also spelled Kwatah City is a variation of kwatkot a Pashto word meaning “fort The college offers a ten-month course in tactics, staff duties, administration, and command functions through the division level. Students from foreign countries, including the United States, have attended the school but reportedly have been critical of its narrow focus and failure to encourage speculative thinking or to give adequate attention to less glamorous subjects, such as logistics.
The senior training institution for all service branches is the National Defence University. Originally established in 1971 at Rawalpindi, to provide training in higher military strategy for senior officers, the school house was relocated to Islamabad in 1995. ( Urdu: Rāwalpindī) is a city in the Potwar Plateau near Pakistan 's capital city of Islamabad, in the province It also offers courses that allow civilians to explore the broader aspects of national security. In a program begun in the 1980s to upgrade the intellectual standards of the officer corps and increase awareness of the wider world, a small group of officers, has been detailed to academic training, achieving master's degrees and even doctorates at universities in Pakistan and abroad.
Pakistani officers were sent abroad during the 1950s and into the 1960s for training in Britain and other Commonwealth countries, and especially to the United States, where trainees numbering well in the hundreds attended a full range of institutions ranging from armored and infantry schools to the higher staff and command institutions. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located After 1961 this training was coordinated under the International Military Education and Training (IMET) program, but numbers varied along with vicissitudes in the United States-Pakistan military relationship. Of some 200 officers being sent abroad annually in the 1980s, over two-thirds went to the United States, but the cessation of United States aid in 1990 entailed suspension of the IMET program. In 1994 virtually all foreign training was in Commonwealth countries. However, after the 9/11 attacks, Pakistan again has begun sending officers to US Army schools. Today there are more than 400 officers serving in foreign countries.
Officers retire between the ages of fifty-two and sixty, depending on their rank.
Relief Operations and Economic Development
In times of natural disaster, such as the great floods of 1992 or the October 2005 devastating earthquake, army engineers, medical and logistics personnel, and the armed forces played a major role in bringing relief and supplies. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The 2005 Kashmir Earthquake (also known as the South Asian earthquake or the Great Pakistan earthquake) was a major earthquake centred in Azad Kashmir
The army also engaged in extensive economic activities. Most of these enterprises, such as stud and dairy farms, were for the army's own use, but others performed functions beneficial to the local civilian economy. Army factories produced such goods as sugar, fertilizer, and brass castings and sold them to civilian consumers.
Several army organizations performed functions that were important to the civilian sector across the country. For example, the National Logistics Cell was responsible for trucking food and other goods across the country; the Frontier Works Organization built the Karakoram Highway to China; and the Special Communication Organization maintained communications networks in remote parts of Pakistan. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Pakistan Army is involved in relief activities not only in Pakistan but also in many other countries of the world, like they went for relief activities after Bangladesh was recently hit by floods. ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially Pak Army also went to Indonesia, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka after they were hit by tsunami. The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was an undersea Earthquake that occurred at 005853 UTC on December 26 2004 with an Epicentre off the west coast of Pakistan army and Navy sent ships and helicopters to the friendly nations for tsunami relief operation.
Women and Minorities in the Army
Women
Women have served in the Pakistani Army since its foundation. Currently, there is a sizable number of Women serving in the army. Most women are recruited in the regular Army to perform medical and educational work. There is also a Women's Guard section of Pakistan's National Guard where women are trained in nursing, welfare and clerical work and there are also women recruited in very limited numbers for the Janbaz Force. Only recently has Pakistan began to recruit women for combat positions and the Elite Anti-Terrorist Force In 2007, several female graduates were nominated to be Sky Marshals for Pakistan based airlines. [21] In addition recently eight of the 41 cadets from the Pakistan Military Academy at Kakul became the first women guards of honour. [22] Pakistan is the only country in the Islamic world to have women Major Generals in the Army. [23]
Recruitment is nationwide and the army attempts to maintain an ethnic balance but most enlisted recruits, as in British times, come from a few districts in northern Punjab Province and the adjacent Azad Kashmir and the North West Frontier Province. The Punjab ( Urdu:) province of The Azad State of Jammu and Kashmir, usually shortened to Azad Jammu and Kashmir ( AJK) or simply Azad Kashmir (literally "free The North-West Frontier Province (NWFP ( Urdu: śimāl maġribī sarhadī sūba) is the smallest of the four main provinces of Pakistan. Pakistan's Officer Corps are also mostly from Punjab and the North West Frontier Province and of middle-class, rural backgrounds.
Minorities in Pakistan are allowed to sit in all examinations, including the one conducted by Inter Services Selection Board however the proportion of religious minorities in the Pakistan army is still considerably very less. The army sees itself as a national institution and thus many non-Muslim officers (including Qadiyanis) have achieved high ranks within the army[24].
Rank Structure and Uniform Insignia
| Pakistani Officer Ranks | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rank | Field Marshal (5-Star) | General (4-Star) | Lieutenant General (3-Star) | Major General (2-Star) | Brigadier (1-Star) | Colonel | Lieutenant Colonel | Major | Captain | Lieutenant | 2nd Lieutenant |
| NATO equivalent | OF-10 | OF-9 | OF-8 | OF-7 | OF-6 | OF-5 | OF-4 | OF-3 | OF-2 | OF-1 | OF-1 |
| Uniform insignia |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | |
| Pakistani Junior Commissioned Officer (JCO) and Enlisted Ranks | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rank | Subedar Major (JCO) | Subedar (JCO) | Naib Subedar (JCO) | Battalion Havildar Major | Battalion Quartermaster Havildar | Company Havildar Major | Company Quartermaster Havildar | Havildar | Naik | Lance Naik | Jawan |
| NATO equivalent | None | None | None | OR-9 | OR-8 | OR-8 | OR-7 | OR-5/6 | OR-4 | OR-3 | OR-1/2 |
| Uniform insignia | No Insignia | ||||||||||
Awards for Valor
The Nishan-e-Haider (Urdu: نشان حیدر) (Sign of the Lion), is the highest military award given by Pakistan. For other meanings see Field Marshal (disambiguation Field marshal is a military officer rank Lieutenant General is a Military rank used in many countries The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the Major General or Major-General is a Military rank used in many countries This article refers to the military rank For the Doctor Who character known as the Brigadier see Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart. Colonel ( RP ˈkɜnəl GA ˈkɜrnəl is a Military rank of a Commissioned officer, with corresponding ranks existing in almost every country Lieutenant Colonel ( Lieutenant-Colonel in English from the French grade 's spelling is a rank of Commissioned officer in the armies Major is a Military rank the use of which varies according to country Lieutenant (abbreviated Lt or Lieut) is a Military, Naval, Paramilitary, Fire service, Emergency medical services Second Lieutenant is the lowest commissioned officer Military rank in many Armed forces. Subedar -Major is the senior rank of Junior Commissioned Officer in the Indian and Pakistani Armies and formerly Viceroy's Commissioned Subedar, a historical rank in Indian Army which ranked below British commissioned officers and above non-commissioned officers Junior Commissioned Officer ( JCO) is a term describing a group of military ranks found in the Indian Army and Pakistan Army which correspond to Warrant Havildar was the Military 'In Charge' of a Fort during the times of Maratha Empire. Havildar was the Military 'In Charge' of a Fort during the times of Maratha Empire. Lance Naik (L/Nk was the equivalent rank to Lance Corporal in the British Indian Army, ranking below Naik. Jawan (from Persian Jawan or Javān meaning "young" refers to a young man in Urdu, and also in several Indian languages like Hindi Nishan-e-Haider ( نشان حیدر, translated as "The Mark of Haider, where Haider is the name of Ali and means Lion " abbreviated
Recipients Nishan-e-Haider recipients receive an honorary title as a sign of respect: Shaheed meaning martyr for deceased recipients and Ghazi meaning victor for living recipients.
- Captain Muhammad Sarwar Shaheed (1910–July 27, 1948)
- Major Tufail Muhammad Shaheed (1914–August 7, 1958)
- Major Raja Aziz Bhatti Shaheed (1928–September 10, 1965)
- Major Muhammad Akram Shaheed (1938–1971)
- Major Shabbir Sharif Shaheed (1943–December 6, 1971)
- Jawan Sowar Muhammad Hussain Shaheed (1949–December 10, 1971)
- Lance Naik Muhammad Mahfuz Shaheed (1944–December 17, 1971)
- Captain Karnal Sher Khan Shaheed (1970–July 5, 1999)
- Lalak Jan Shaheed (1967–July 7, 1999)
Two Pakistani pilots belonging to the army aviation branch of Pakistan army who carried out a daring rescue of a mountaineer are to be given Slovenia's top award for bravery. Muhammad Sarwar (1910– 27 July 1948) (محمد سرور was born Singhori village Tehsil Gujar Khan, District of Rawalpindi, Punjab Events 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England. Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Tufail Mohammad (1914 7 August, 1958) was born in Hoshiarpur, Punjab and commissioned in the 16th Punjab Regiment in 1943 Events 322 BC - Battle of Crannon between Athens and Macedon following the death of Alexander the Great. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Major Raja Aziz Bhatti عزیز بهٹی was a Pakistani soldier who received Pakistan's highest award for valor Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. wwwgeocitiescom/dilshad_buzdar/makram (1938 &ndash 1971 born in Dingha Village District of Gujrat Punjab Major Shabbir Sharif Shaheed (born April 28, 1943 in Kunjah, Gujrat District completed Events 1060 - Béla I of Hungary is crowned king of Hungary 1240 - Mongol invasion of Rus: Kiev Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Lance Naik Muhammad Mahfuz Shaheed was born in Pind Malikan (now Mahfuzabad in Rawalpindi District on October 25 Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Karnal Sher Khan (1970–1999 ( Urdu: کرنال شیر خان) was a Pakistani Army officer Events 1295 - Scotland and France form an alliance the beginnings of the Auld Alliance, against England. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Lalak Jan Shaahed ( Urdu: لالک جان; w1967 7 July, 1999 Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Slovenian, Tomaz Humar got stranded on the western end of the 8,125m Nanga Parbat mountain were he remained for around a week on top of the world's ninth-highest peak. The helicopter pilots plucked the 38-year-old from an icy ledge 6,000m up the peak known as "killer mountain".
The Slovenian president has presented Lt Col Rashid Ullah Beg and Lt Col Khalid Amir Rana with the Golden Order for Services in the country's capital, Ljubljana, "for risking their lives during the rescue mission", a Pakistan army statement said. [25]
Special Forces
The Special Service Group (SSG) is an independent commando division of the Pakistan Army. Special Service Group (SSG is an independent Commando division of the Pakistan Army. In Military science, the term commando can refer to an individual a Military unit, or a raiding style of military operation. It is an elite special operations force similar to the British Special Air Service and the United States Army Special Forces (Green Berets). Elite (also spelled Élite) is taken originally from the Latin, eligere, "to elect" In most countries special forces (SF is a generic term for highly-trained Military teams/units that conduct specialized operations such as Reconnaissance The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Special Air Service ( SAS) is a Special forces regiment within the British Army which has served as a model and inspiration for the special The United States Army is a military organization whose primary mission is to "provide necessary forces and capabilities. In most countries special forces (SF is a generic term for highly-trained Military teams/units that conduct specialized operations such as Reconnaissance Official numbers are put between 2,500 to 3,000; however the actual strength is classified. It is estimated to have been increased to 4 battalions, with the eventual formation of 2 brigades of Special Forces (6 Battalions). A battalion is a Military unit of around 500-1500 men usually consisting of between two and seven companies and typically commanded by a Lieutenant Colonel The Pakistan SSG participated in numerous military and anti-terrorism operations in Pakistan as well as overseas such as the Seizure of the Grand Mosque in Makkah in 1979. A military is an Organization authorized by its Nation to use force usually including use of Weapons in defending its Country (or by attacking Counter-terrorism or counterterrorism refers to the practices tactics, techniques and strategies that Governments militaries, Police departments Mecca ˈmɛkə also spelled Makkah ˈmækə (in full Makkah Al-Mukarramah (Arabic mækːæ(t ælmʊkarˑamæ مكّة المكرمة, literally Honored Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) The SSG is also tasked with the protection of the President, Prime Minister, and High Ranking Military Officials. The President of Pakistan ( Urdū: صدر Sadr-e-Mumlikat) is the Head of state of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The Prime Minister of Pakistan, in Urdu وزیر اعظم Wazir-e- Azam meaning "Grand Minister", is the Head of Government SSG troops also participated in the Lal Masjid Operation in July 2007. July 2007 is the seventh month of that year It began on a Sunday and 31 days later ended on a Tuesday. Currently the SSG is operating in the tribal belt, along the Pakistani-Afghan border for counter insurgency operations. See also Insurgency In the context of an occupation or a Civil war, counter-insurgency (abbreviated COIN is a military term for the combat
Weapons and Equipment
Small Arms
- Heckler & Koch MP5 9 mm Parabellum sub-machine gun
- MG3 Machine Gun*
- SMG PK, Type 1 & 2*
- G3, Types A3 & P4 Assault Rifle*
- Anti Aircraft Machine Gun 12.7 mm, Type 54*
- Steyr SSG-4 and SSG-P2 sniper rifles*
- M82 Barrett rifle (US Semi-Automatic Sniper Rifle .50 BMG)
- Type 81 Assault Rifle
- M4 Carbine
- AK-47 Assault Rifle
- AK-74 Assault Rifle
- AK-101 Assault Rifle
- AK-103 Assault Rifle
- AK-107 Assault Rifle
- AK-108 Assault Rifle
| Vehicle/System/Aircraft | Firm Number in Service | Status |
|---|---|---|
| T-80UD Main Battle Tank | 320 | In service. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The MP5 is a 9 mm Submachine gun of German design developed in the 1960s by a team of engineers from the West German arms manufacturer The 9x19mm Parabellum is a pistol cartridge introduced in 1902 by the German weapons manufacturer Deutsche Waffen und Munitionsfabriken (DWM for their A submachine gun (SMG is a Firearm that combines the automatic fire of a Machine gun with the cartridge of a Pistol, and is The MG3 is a German air-cooled belt-fed General purpose machine gun chambered in the 7 For other uses of the phrase see Machine Gun (disambiguation. The MP5 is a 9 mm Submachine gun of German design developed in the 1960s by a team of engineers from the West German arms manufacturer The G3 is a 762 mm Automatic rifle developed in the 1950s by the German armament manufacturer Heckler & Koch GmbH (HK in collaboration An assault rifle is a Selective fire Rifle or Carbine (not to be confused with a semi-automatic only replica firing Ammunition with muzzle In Military and Law enforcement terminology a sniper rifle is a Rifle used to ensure Accurate placement of Bullets at longer The M82 (also more recently known as the M107) is a heavy SASR (Special Application Scoped Rifle developed by the American Barrett Firearms Company The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A semi-automatic, or self-loading Firearm is a gun that requires only a trigger pull for each round that is fired unlike a single-action In Military and Law enforcement terminology a sniper rifle is a Rifle used to ensure Accurate placement of Bullets at longer The Chinese Type 81 Assault Rifle was the principal automatic rifle used by the People's Liberation Army from the mid-1980s until 1995 The AK-47 (contraction of Russian Автомат Калашникова образца 1947 года; Avtomat Kalashnikova obraztsa 1947 goda; "Kalashnikov's The AK-74 is a 545 mm Assault rifle developed in the early 1970s in the Soviet Union by Mikhail Kalashnikov. The AK-101 is an Assault rifle of the Kalashnikov series The AK-101 is designed for the world export market using 5 The AK-103 is a modern Russian built version of the famous AKM Assault rifle, chambered for the 7 The AK-107 is a 545 mm Russian Assault rifle developed from the AK-100 -series incorporating a unique "balanced" operating system The AK-107 is a 545 mm Russian Assault rifle developed from the AK-100 -series incorporating a unique "balanced" operating system The T-80 is a Main battle tank which was designed in the Soviet Union and entered service in 1976 Tank classification is a Taxonomy of identifying either the intended role or weight class of Tanks The classification by role was used primarily during |
| Al Khalid Main Battle Tank | 600 | In Service; Currently under production |
| Type 85IIAP Main Battle Tank | 900 | In Service. The Al-Khalid or MBT 2000 (Type 90-IIM is a modern Main battle tank co-developed by China and Pakistan. armament||OneFire control|| Laser Being phased out |
| Al-Zarar Tank Main Battle Tank | 720 | Currently under production |
| Type 79IIAP (Chinese T-81 Upgrade) | 450 | Being phased out by Al Khalid |
| T-54 Light Tank | 400 | Being phased out |
| Type 59 | 2200 | Being phased out by Al Zarrar & Al Khalid II |
| M48 Patton | 240 | Being phased out by Al Khalid |
| Al-Khalid II Main Battle Tank | ??? | Under production. The Al Zarrar tank series was designed to improve and rebuild the Pakistan Army 's Type 59 Main battle tank by modernizing its Armaments A tank is a tracked, Armoured fighting vehicle designed for Front-line combat which combines Operational mobility and tactical The Chinese Type 59 (Chinese industrial designation WZ120) Main Battle Tank is a Chinese produced version of the ubiquitous Soviet The M48 Patton was one of the US army 's principal Main battle tanks of the Cold War, with models in service from the early 1950s on through the 1990s The Al-Khalid or MBT 2000 (Type 90-IIM is a modern Main battle tank co-developed by China and Pakistan. |
| Hamza Infantry Fighting Vehicle | ??? | Being procured |
| Al-Fahd Infantry fighting vehicle | 140 | In Service |
| Talha Armoured Personnel Carrier | 400+ | Final number to be around 2,000 |
| Sa'ad Armoured Personnel Carrier | ??? | Currently in production |
| M113 Armoured Personnel Carrier | 1500+ | In Service |
| BTR-70 Armoured Personnel Carrier | 169 | In Service |
| Mohafiz Light Armoured Personnel Carrier | ??? | In Service & Additional APCs being procured |
| Scorpion Light Jeep | 260 | In Service |
| Al Qaswa Logistical Vehicle | ?? | Being procured |
| M88 ARV Armoured Recovery Vehicle | ??? | In Service |
| M60A1 AVLB Armoured Vehicle Launched Bridge | ??? | In Service |
| M48 Armoured Vehicle Launched Bridge Armoured Vehicle Launched Bridge | ??? | In Service |
| M47M AVLB Armoured Vehicle Launched Bridge | ??? | In Service |
| M109A5 155 mm Self-Propelled Howitzer | ??? | 115 Ordered along with 150 A5 upgrade kits |
| M109A2 155 mm Self-Propelled Howitzer | 150 | In Service |
| M110A2 203 mm Self-Propelled Howitzer | 40 | In Service |
| M7 Priest 105 mm Self-Propelled Howitzer | 50 | In Service |
| T-56 85 mm Towed Artillery | 200 | In Service |
| M-56 105 mm Towed Artillery | 80 | In Service |
| M101 105 mm Towed Artillery | 300 | In Service |
| T-60 122 mm Towed Artillery | 200 | In Service |
| T-54 122 mm Towed Artillery | 400 | In Service |
| Type 59I 130 mm Towed Artillery | 200 | In Service |
| M-59 155 mm Towed Artillery | 30 | In Service |
| M114 155 mm Towed Artillery | 60 | In Service |
| M-198 155 mm Towed Artillery | 120 | In Service |
| M-115 203 mm Towed Artillery | 40 | In Service |
| Panther T-155 mm Towed Artillery | 12 | Produced and Delivered byTurkey |
| AH-1S Cobra Attack Helicopter | 18 | In Service, (20 originally purchased in 1983; remaining being upgraded to AH-1F configuration) |
| AH-1F Cobra Attack Helicopter | 20 | In Service, (12 AH-1F delivered in 2007 with remaining 8 to be delivered in June 2008) |
| Bell 412 Huey Transport Helicopter | 25 | In Service |
| Bell 206 Jet Ranger Transport Helicopter | 5 | In Service |
| UH-1 Huey Transport Helicopter | 10 | In Service |
| Aérospatiale Puma Transport Helicopter | 25 | In Service |
| Mil Mi-17 Transport Helicopter | 46 | Additional helicopters planned |
| Bell 407 Light Transport Helicopter | ?? | 40 On Order |
| Eurocopter AS-550 Light Transport Helicopter | ?? | Replacing Alouette III & Lama |
| Aérospatiale Alouette III Light Transport Helicopter | ?? | Being phased out |
| Aérospatiale SA-315B Lama Light Transport Helicopter (variant of Aerospatiale Alouette II) | ?? | Being phased out |
Mortars
- (Type) 81 mm
- AM-FFFF Series 120 mm
- Type 63-1
Anti-tank Guided Weapons
- TOW ATGM
- TOW II (recently procured)
- Bakter-Shikan ATGM
Army Air Defence
- Anti-aircraft guns: ZU-23/-33, -30, -36, -37, -57 mm
- Bofors RBS-23 BAMSE
- Bofors RBS-70
- SA-7 Grail
- General Dynamics FIM-92 Stinger
- General Dynamics FIM-43 Redeye
- Anza MKI, Anza MKII and Anza MKIII
- HQ-2B
- Oerlikon
Missiles
List of Pakistani Strategic Missiles:
| Designation | Other Name | Range | Payload | Status | Inventory |
| Hatf-I/IA | 80/100 km | 500 kg | Deployed | 100+ | |
| Abdali | Hatf-II | 180 km | 500 kg | Deployed, Under production | Unknown |
| Ghaznavi | Hatf-III | 290 km | 500 kg | Deployed, Under production | 100+ |
| Shaheen-I | Hatf-IV | 750 km | 750 kg | Deployed, Under production | 75-150 |
| Ghauri-I | Hatf-V | 1500 km | 700-1000 kg | Deployed, Under production | 100+ |
| Ghauri-II | Hatf-VA | 2,000km, More range with lighter payload. An infantry fighting vehicle ( IFV, also known as (mechanized infantry combat vehicle, (MICV) is a type of Armoured fighting vehicle (AFV Al Fahd armoured vehicle has been developed by the Abdallah Al Faris Company for Heavy Industries which is based in Saudi Arabia at Dammam. Armoured personnel carriers (APCs are Armoured fighting vehicles developed to transport Infantry on the Battlefield They usually have only a Machine The BTR-70 is an eight-wheeled Armored personnel carrier ( бронетранспортер or bronyetransportyor Mohafiz is a security vehicle designed and manufactured at Heavy Industries Taxila (HIT Jeep is an Automobile Marque (and registered trademark of Chrysler. AL Qaswa is an Armoured personnel carrier (APC which has been designed and manufactured by Heavy Industries Taxila (HIT The M88 is one of the largest all weather Armored recovery vehicles currently in use by U An armoured recovery vehicle (ARV is a type of Armoured fighting vehicle used to repair battle- or mine-damaged as well as broken-down armoured vehicles during combat The M60A1 AVLB is an Armored vehicle used for launching and retrieving a scissors-type Bridge. The M47 Patton I was the second tank of the Patton series, and one of the U The M109 is an American -made self-propelled 155 mm Howitzer, first introduced in the early 1960s Self-propelled Artillery (also called mobile artillery or locomotive artillery) vehicles are a way of giving mobility to Artillery. The M109 is an American -made self-propelled 155 mm Howitzer, first introduced in the early 1960s The 8 inch (203 mm Self-Propelled Howitzer M110 was the largest available self-propelled Howitzer in the United States Army 's inventory The 105mm Howitzer Motor Carriage M7 was an American Self-propelled artillery vehicle produced during World War II. The T-56 six speed Manual transmission has been used in a wide range of vehicles from General Motors, Dodge, and Ford Motor Company. Artillery (from French artillerie) is a military Combat Arm which employs any apparātus machine The 105 mm Howitzer M2A1(M101 was the standard medium field Howitzer for the United States in World War II, seeing action in both European and Pacific The 105 mm Howitzer M2A1(M101 was the standard medium field Howitzer for the United States in World War II, seeing action in both European and Pacific The T-60 scout tank was a Light tank produced by the Soviet Union from 1941 to 1942 The T-54 and T-55 tank were a series of Main battle tanks designed by the Soviet Union. The M114 155 mm howitzer was a towed Howitzer used by the United States Army. The M198 howitzer (aka "God's Gun" is a medium-sized towed Artillery piece The M115 203 mm howitzer, also known as the M115 8 inch howitzer, was a towed Howitzer used by the United States Army. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches For an overview of the whole Huey family of aircraft see Bell Huey WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. An attack helicopter, also known as a Helicopter Gunship, is a Military helicopter armed for attacking targets on the ground For an overview of the whole Huey family of aircraft see Bell Huey WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. For an overview of the whole Huey family of aircraft see Bell Huey WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout For an overview of the whole Huey family of aircraft see Bell Huey WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout For the STRELA computer see Strela computer. For the Apollo test mission see A-102 The 9K32 "Strela-2" The BGM-71 TOW is a US Anti-tank guided missile. TOW Tube-launched Optically-tracked Wire-to-command-Link guided Missile Set The BGM-71 TOW is a US Anti-tank guided missile. TOW Tube-launched Optically-tracked Wire-to-command-Link guided Missile Set The HJ-8 or Hongjian-8 (红箭-8 "Red Arrow" is a second generation tube-launched optically tracked Wire-guided anti-tank missile system An anti-tank guided missile ( ATGM) or anti-tank guided weapon ( ATGW) is a guided Missile primarily designed to hit and destroy Anti-aircraft warfare, or air defense, is any method of engaging hostile military Aircraft in defence of ground objectives, ground or naval forces The ZU-23, better known as ZU-23-2, is a towed Soviet short-range air defense cannon The name Bofors has been associated with the Iron industry for more than 350 years RBS 70 (Robotsystem 70 is a Swedish MANPADS designed for combat in all climate zones and with little to no support from other forces For the STRELA computer see Strela computer. For the Apollo test mission see A-102 The 9K32 "Strela-2" The FIM-92 Stinger is a personal portable Infrared homing Surface-to-air missile developed in the United States and used by all the U The General Dynamics FIM-43 Redeye was a man-portable Surface-to-air missile system Anza are a series of Chinese IR -guided shoulder-fired, man-portable, Surface to air missiles under licensed production in Pakistan Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and A ballistic missile is a Missile that follows a Sub-orbital ballistic flightpath with the objective of delivering a warhead to a predetermined target Hatf-I ( Urdu: حتف) is a short-range road mobile solid propellant ballistic missile Abdali-I is a Short-range ballistic missile (SRBM, created in Pakistan and currently in service of Pakistan's Army For Mahmud Ghaznavi please see Mahmud of Ghazni Description Ghaznavi (غزنوی is the name given to a Pakistani missile The Shaheen Missile series (named after a white eagle that lives in the mountains of Pakistan was developed by National Defence Complex (NDC a subsidiary of Ghauri (غوری is a Medium-range ballistic missile developed by Kahuta Research Laboratories (KRL of Pakistan. Description The Ghauri-II is a medium-range Ballistic missile MRBM. | 1200 kg | Operational, Under production | 100+ |
| Shaheen-II | Hatf-VI | 2,500km, More range with lighter payload. Description The Shaheen Missile IRBM series (named after a white eagle that lives in the mountains of Pakistan was developed by National Defence Complex | 1000+ kg | Deployed, Under production | 200+ |
| Babur | Hatf-VII | 700 km | 500 kg | Deployed, Cruise Missile | 400-1000 |
| Ghauri-III | Hatf-VIII | 4,000 km | 1000+ kg | Operational, Under production | |
| M-11 | 300 km | 500 kg | In service | Unknown | |
| Shaheen-III | 3,600+ km | 1000+ kg | Operational, Under production | ||
| Tipu Sultan | 5,000+ km | 1500 kg | under development |
Note: Every missile can carry a nuclear warhead. The Babur missile ( Urdu: بابر; Babar means Lion in Turkic language Chaghatay) it is also suggested that The Ghauri-III is an Intermediate-range ballistic missile being deployed by Pakistan The Dongfeng missile ( Chinese 东风导弹 lit East Wind) is a series of intermediate and intercontinental Ballistic missiles operated by the People's The Shaheen Missile series (named after a white eagle that lives in the mountains of Pakistan A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from Nuclear reactions either fission or a combination of fission and fusion.
The Chinese-made M-11 Missile is in service too, which is a Short Range Ballistic Missile with a maximum range of 300 km. The Dongfeng missile ( Chinese 东风导弹 lit East Wind) is a series of intermediate and intercontinental Ballistic missiles operated by the People's A missile (see also pronunciation differences) is a self-propelled explosive Projectile used as a weapon towards a target A short-range ballistic missile ( SRBM) is a Ballistic missile with a range of about 1000 km or less It uses solid fuel and can carry a payload of around 500 kg. Solid fuel refers to various types of Solid material that are used as Fuel to produce Energy and provide Heating, usually released through
In addition, there exists the Shaheen-III, which is under research and development and will be solid fueled like the others in the Shaheen series. The Shaheen Missile series (named after a white eagle that lives in the mountains of Pakistan It will have a range of 3600+ km and a payload of 1000+ kg. This weapon is an Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile. An intermediate-range ballistic missile ( IRBM) is a Ballistic missile with a range of 3000-5500 km (1865-3420 miles between a Medium-range ballistic missile
It has been recently reported by the Pakistani Press (Daily Jang) that Pakistan has the ability to use MIRVs on its missiles. The Daily Jang (روزنامہ جنگ is an Urdu Newspaper A multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle ( MIRV) is a collection of Nuclear weapons carried on a single Intercontinental ballistic missile This has been seen as possibly the greatest Pakistani Military achievement to date. The Pakistan Armed Forces ( Urdu: پاک عسکری) are the overall unified military forces of Pakistan It has also been reported that Pakistan would likely use MIRVs on its Shaheen-II missiles. Description The Shaheen Missile IRBM series (named after a white eagle that lives in the mountains of Pakistan was developed by National Defence Complex
Future Plans
Throughout the International Defence Exhibition & Seminar (IDEAS) at Karachi in November 2006, Pakistani firms have signed joint development, production and marketing agreements with defence firms from South Korea, France and Ukraine. These agreements include new reactive armour bricks, 155 mm artillery shells, and other developments in armour and land weaponry. These agreements all relate to the Pakistan Army's AFFDP-2019 modernization program of its armour, artillery and infantry.
A few months prior to IDEAS 2006, the Pakistan Army and Heavy Industries Taxila (HIT) announced the development of the Al Khalid II Main Battle Tank (MBT). The Al Khalid II is poised to become the Pakistan Army's backbone main battle tank from 2012; thus replacing 1200 obsolete Chinese T-59 and 300 T-85IIAP. Not much is known about this tank, but it is reported that the Al Khalid II is a very extensive upgrade of the current Al Khalid. Other reports suggest that it will be an entirely new tank based on Western designs. Turkish press reported that a Pakistani armour firm will participate in the Turkey's new generation tank project. Turkey and Pakistan have signed many memorandums of understanding in various defence-related fields. Given that many Pakistani firms have signed joint agreements with Western firms, it is possible that a considerable part of the Al Khalid II's design will be influenced from the Turkish tank design. Nonetheless, the new generation tank is expected to form the backbone of the Pakistan Army's tank force; in the long-term.
The Pakistan Army will standardize its artillery capability to 155 mm by 2019. This can be seen by the acquisition of 115 M109A5 self-propelled howitzers from the United States, and joint production deals of 155 mm shells with French and South Korean firms. It is expected that the army will procure a range of light, medium and heavy towed and self-propelled howitzer artillery from China, Europe and the United States. These will replace all non-155 mm and older systems. The Army reportedly ordered and procured an undisclosed number of WS-1B Multiple Launch Rocket Systems (MLRS). As part of the artillery modernization program, the Army will likely procure a fair number of new MLRS systems of various ranges and shell sizes.
Modernization of the Army Aviation is underway with the procurement of new transport and attack helicopters from the United States, Russia and Europe. Finalized acquisitions include 26 Bell 412EP and at least a dozen Mi-17 medium-lift transport helicopters from the U. S and Russia, respectively. Forty Bell 407 and an unknown number of Fennec light helicopters from the U. S. and Eurocopter have also been ordered, respectively. Plans are underway to begin replacing the IAR 330 Puma, older Mil Mi-8/17, Bell Jet Rangers and older Huey helicopters; options include the Eurocopter NH-90 Tactical Transport Helicopter and UH-60M Blackhawk. The IAR 330 is the Romanian built version of Aérospatiale 's SA 330 Puma Helicopter. The Pakistan Army has procured dozens of excess AH-1 Cobra attack helicopters since 2002; at least 20 have been brought into service to supplement the serving 18. These gunships are expected to add muscle to current terrorist support operations in NWFP. The army reportedly has upgraded its entire fleet with AH-1Z King Cobra avionics and new weapon systems such as the TOW-2 and Hellfire missiles. Up to 30 new-generation attack helicopters will be procured to further enhance the Army's attack aviation arm; options include the Eurocopter Tiger, South African AH-2 Rooivalk and Boeing AH-64D Apache Longbow.
See also
- Military of Pakistan
- Pakistan Air Force
- Pakistan Navy
- 20FF - 20th Frontier Force
- List of countries with nuclear weapons
- Nuclear power in Pakistan
- Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction
Notes
- ^ " Subdivisions of the army". The Pakistan Armed Forces ( Urdu: پاک عسکری) are the overall unified military forces of Pakistan Pakistan Air Force ( Urdu: پاک فضائیہ, Pak Faza'ya) ( PAF) is the Aviation branch of the Pakistan armed forces Pakistan Navy ( Urdu: پاک بحریہ) is the naval branch of the Military of Pakistan. The 20th Frontier Force is a unit of the Frontier Force Regiment, a regiment of the Pakistan Army formed in 1956 from the amalgamation of three regiments Nations that are known or believed to possess Nuclear weapons are sometimes referred to as the nuclear club. Pakistan, which is not a member of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, has two nuclear reactors of 425 MW power to generate Electricity. The Islamic Republic of Pakistan began focusing on nuclear development in January 1972 under the leadership of Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Retrieved on 2007-01-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade.
- ^ a b c d e f g Major reshuffle in Army: Corps Commander Mangla, Lahore Changed The News, March 25, 2008
- ^ a b c d e f g Three Corps Commander Replaced Dawn Newspaper, April 11, 2006
- ^ a b c d e 'Six major-generals promoted as lieutenant-generals' The News, September 22, 2007
- ^ a b c d e f g Iftikhar A. Khan. 'Strategic forces command gets new head' Dawn Newspaper, March 8, 2007
- ^ a b c d e 'Commanders to discuss security tomorrow' Dawn Newspaper, April 15, 2007
- ^ Shaukar Qadir. "1965: Operation Grand Slam" Daily Times, October 04, 2003
- ^ Arshad Sharif. 'New corps commander for Multan' Dawn Newspaper, May 6, 2005
- ^ 'Five Army officials promoted' Dawn Newspaper, September 24, 2005
- ^ 'New 10 Corps commander' Daily Times, October 05, 2006
- ^ Profile of generals Daily Times, September 24, 2005
- ^ Amin Ahmed. 'Army claims success in Swat operation: Militancy almost wiped out' Dawn Newspaper, January 17, 2008
- ^ a b "Mohammed Asif to be new DG Military Intelligence" The News, April 2, 2008
- ^ Muhammad Saleh Zaafir. 'Major changes in Army top brass on cards' The News, September 21, 2007
- ^ a b c d e f g h Hamid Hussain. 'Balancing Act: the changing of the guard in the Pakistan Army' ArabLife. org, November 2007
- ^ a b c Corps commanders of Peshawar, Quetta and Bahawalpur changed, Daily Times, April 15, 2007
- ^ Iqbal Khattak. "Taliban suicide bombing trainer killed?" Daily Times, May 20, 2008
- ^ Talbot, Ian. Pakistan: A Modern History. Retrieved on 2006-04-10. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 879 - Louis III becomes King of the Western Franks. 1407 - the lama
- ^ http://www.fauji.org.pk/
- ^ Fauji Foundation
- ^ " Pakistan Female Sky Marshalls". Retrieved on 2007-01-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade.
- ^ " Pakistan Female honour guards". Retrieved on 2007-01-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade.
- ^ " Pakistan is the only country in the Islamic world to have women Major Generals ". Retrieved on 2007-04-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom
- ^ "Ahmadis in Pakistan army". Retrieved on 2007-01-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade.
- ^ BBC: Pakistan pilots get bravery award
References
- Cloughley, Brian. A History of the Pakistan Army: Wars and Insurrections, 3rd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. ISBN 978-0195473346.
Further reading
- Ayub, Muhammad. An Army, Its Role and Rule: A History of the Pakistan Army from Independence to Kargil, 1947–1999. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Rosedog Books. ISBN 0-8059-9594-3.
External links
- Pakistan Army
- Inter Services Public Relations
- Global Security
- Pakistan Army details
- International Defence Exhibition and Seminar - IDEAS 2008
- First Sikh of Pakistan Army
- Pakistan Army (PakA)
- "Pakistan army is deep into business", Marketplace, November 6, 2007
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