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The Pakhavaj, also called Mardal, Pakhawaj, Pakuaj, Pakhvaj or Mardala, is an ancient Indian barrel shaped percussion instrument which is similar to the mridangam. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The mridangam (மிருதங்கம் is a Percussion instrument from India, especially South India. It is widely used as an accompaniment for various forms of music and dance performances

It is the standard percussion instrument in dhrupad. This article is about Dhrupad the genre of Indian classical singing As with the tabla, the pakhawaj rhythms are taught by a series of mnemonic syllables known as bol. This article is about the Indian drum For the drum with the same name in Arabic, see Goblet drum. A mnemonic device (nəˈmɒnɪk is a Memory aid Commonly met mnemonics are often verbal something such as a very short poem or a special word used to help a person remember A bol, is a mnemonic syllable It is used in Indian music to define the tala, or rhythmic pattern and is one of the most important parts of Indian

Traditionally, the pakhavaj has been the favored percussion instrument for performances of the Dhrupad-style, be it vocal, on Rudra-Veena or on Surbahar.

Contents

Placement

Set horizontally on a cushion in front of a crossed-leg pakhavaji the larger bass-skin is played with the left hand, the treble skin by the right hand.

Structure

The goatskin membranes are looped with leather thongs around the hollowed barrel, which is widest in the middle. Eight pieces of two inch wooden roundstock are pried between thongs and barrel and are hammered tight. The treble skin is constructed in a three-tiered design resembling three concentric rings, the innermost being composed of a dense black hardened paste (sihayi), a mixture of simple wheat flour and fine iron filings semi-permanently affixed to the main goatskin, which helps create a sound resonant with harmonics, and a third outer ring of goatskin which overlaps the first around the full circumference of the head.

The pakhavaj bears resemblance to the Carnatic mridangam, however, it is not as notably barrel shaped. The mridangam (மிருதங்கம் is a Percussion instrument from India, especially South India. It has, similar to the North Indian Tabla, clyndrical shaped pieces of wood known as "Gatthe" underneath the leather braces. This article is about the Indian drum For the drum with the same name in Arabic, see Goblet drum. The pakhavaj skins also resemble more closely the skins used for tabla than that of the mridagam. More flour and iron filings mixture (masala) is used in the creation of Siyahi to enable a longer lasting sound.

Tuning

The treble skin is tuned with a tuning-hammer, holding the instrument in a vertical position, striking down along the rim over the barrel to raise the pitch, turning the pakhavaj on its vertical axis as it is tuned all along the circumference of the skin. The sound emitted by a particular stroke should merge completely with that of the accompanying tanpura. The tambura ( Hindi: तानपूरा is a type of Stringed instrument found in different versions in different places around the world most are plucked The bass skin is tuned not by adjusting the tension but by applying a ball of dough from atta, whole-fiber wheat. Its fundamental tone will be the lower tonic.

Sound

The pakhavaj has a low, mellow tone. The sound of the Pakhavaj is very rich in harmonics. In traditional pakhavaj-styles a student would learn a number of different strokes which produce a specific sound. These are remembered and practiced with corresponding syllables.

The very basic capacity is to play a theka in a particular tala or rhythmic cycle, as for instance chautala in 12 beats:

| dha dha | dhin ta |
| kite dha | dhin ta |
| tite kata | gadi gene |

Advanced students will have learned endless reelas that are virtuoso compositions.

Well-known Players

These include

Trivia

pt. vasantrao ghorpadkar.

References

  1. ^ Dr. Rajiv Trivedi. fingers that roar. omenad. net.

See also

External links

The mridangam (மிருதங்கம் is a Percussion instrument from India, especially South India. This article is about the Indian drum For the drum with the same name in Arabic, see Goblet drum. The dhol (ਢੋਲ ڈھول; ढोल ڈھول) dohol ( دهل) is a Drum (a percussion Musical instrument
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