Oyster mushroom
Fruiting body of the Oyster mushroom in the Havré wood Belgium. Havré is a village near the Belgian town of Mons in the province of Hainaut. The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those
Conservation status
Secure
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi Phylum: Basidiomycota Class: Agaricomycetes Order: Agaricales Family: Tricholomataceae Genus: Pleurotus Species: P. The conservation status of a Species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species remaining extant either in the present day or the near future A fungus (ˈfʌŋgəs is a eukaryotic Organism that is a member of the kingdom Fungi (ˈfʌndʒaɪ Basidiomycota is one of two large phyla that together with the Ascomycota, comprise the subkingdom Dikarya, which were in general what were called The class Agaricomycetes includes not only Mushrooms but also most species placed in the old outdated taxa Gasteromycetes and Homobasidiomycetes. The order Agaricales, also known as gilled mushrooms (for their distinctive gills, or euagarics, contains some of the most familiar types of Mushrooms The Tricholomataceae is a large family of Mushrooms within the Agaricales. Pleurotus is a Genus of gilled Mushrooms which includes one of the most widely eaten mushrooms the Oyster mushroom. ostreatus
Binomial name
Pleurotus ostreatus Champ. Jura. Vosg. 1: 112, 1872

The Oyster mushroom, or Pleurotus ostreatus, is a common mushroom prized for its edibility. The hymenium is the tissue layer on the Hymenophore of a Fungal Fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which The pileus is the technical name for what is commonly known as the cap of a Fungal Fruiting body. The pileus is the technical name for what is commonly known as the cap of a Fungal Fruiting body. The hymenium is the tissue layer on the Hymenophore of a Fungal Fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which In Mycology a stipe refers to the stem or stalk-like feature supporting the cap of a Mushroom. The spore print of a Mushroom is an important diagnostic character in most handbooks for identifying mushrooms An edible mushroom is a Mushroom that can potentially be safely eaten including thousands of types of mushrooms that are regularly harvested Long cultivated in Asia, it is now cultivated around the world for food. Fungiculture is the process of producing food medicine and other products by the cultivation of Mushrooms and other Fungi. It is related to the similarly cultivated "king oyster mushroom". Pleurotus eryngii (also known as king trumpet mushroom, french horn mushroom, king oyster mushroom) is an edible mushroom native to Oyster mushrooms can also be used industrially for mycoremediation purposes. Mycoremediation is a form of Bioremediation, the process of using Mushrooms to return an environment (usually soil contaminated by Pollutants

Contents 1 Name 2 Description 3 Habitat 4 Edible uses 5 Additional Information 6 References 7 See also 8 External links

Name

Both the Latin and common name refer to the shape of the fruiting body. The latin pleurotus (sideways) refers to the sideways-growth of the stem with respect to the cap while the latin ostreatus (and the English common name, oyster) refers to the shape of the cap which resembles the bi-valve of the same name. The common name oyster is used for a number of different groups of Bivalve Mollusks most of which live in marine habitats or Brackish water. Many also believe that the name is fitting due to the flavor resemblance to oysters.

In Chinese, they are called píng gū (平菇; literally "flat mushroom").

The oyster is one of the more commonly sought wild mushrooms, though it can also be cultivated on straw and other media. It often has the scent of anise due to the presence of benzaldehyde. Benzaldehyde (C6H5CHO is a chemical compound consisting of a Benzene ring with an Aldehyde substituent [1]

Description

• Cap: 5-25 cm broad, fan or oyster-shaped; Natural specimens range from white to gray or tan to dark-brown; margin inrolled when young, smooth and often somewhat lobed or wavy. Flesh white, firm, varies in thickness due to stipe arrangement. In Mycology a stipe refers to the stem or stalk-like feature supporting the cap of a Mushroom.
• Gills: Gills are white to cream, descend stalk if present. If so, stipe off-center with lateral attachment to wood.
• Spores: The spores form a white to lilac-gray print on dark media.
• Stipe: Often absent. When present it is short and thick.
• Taste: Mild
• Odor: Often has a mild scent of anise.

There are no poisonous lookalikes that grow in North America, however Omphalotus nidiformis is a toxic lookalike that is found in Australia and Japan. Omphalotus nidiformis, or ghost fungus, is a gilled Basidiomycete Mushroom found in southern Australia most notable for its bioluminescent

Habitat

The Oyster Mushroom is wide-spread in temperate and subtropical forests throughout the world. It is a saprotroph that acts as a primary decomposer on wood.

Edible uses

The oyster mushroom is frequently used in Japanese and Chinese cookery as a delicacy: it is frequently served either on its own, although sometimes stuffed, as well as in stir-fry recipes with soy sauce. Japanese Cuisine has developed over the centuries as a result of many political and social changes Chinese cuisine ( Traditional Chinese: 中國菜 Simplified Chinese: 中国菜 originated from the various regions of China and has become widespread in Stir frying is an Umbrella term used to describe two fast Chinese cooking techniques chǎo ( 炒) and bào ( 爆) Soy sauce ( US) soya sauce ( Commonwealth) shoyu ( Japan) or sillao ( Peru) is a fermented Sauce

Additional Information

Oyster mushrooms are a natural source of statin drugs. The statins (or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) form a class of hypolipidemic drugs used to lower Cholesterol levels in people with or at risk of Cardiovascular Studies have shown that they typically contain 0. 4% to 2. 7% statins on a dry weight basis. Z. Naturforsch Study. A number of studies on lab animals have shown that adding Pleurotus to the diet can reduce cholesterol under some conditions.

The oyster mushroom is also one of the few known carnivorous mushrooms. Its mycelia can kill and digest nematodes. The nematodes or roundworms ( Phylum Nematoda from Greek (nema "thread" + -ode "like" are one of the most common This is believed to be a way to obtain nitrogen. Nitrogen (ˈnaɪtɹəʤɪn is a Chemical element that has the symbol N and Atomic number 7 and Atomic weight 14

Oyster mushrooms contain a small amount of arabitol which can cause gastrointestinal distress in some people. Arabitol or arabinitol is a Sugar alcohol. It can be formed by the reduction of either Arabinose or Lyxose. Arabitol is a sugar alcohol similar to xylitol, manitol and sorbitol; these sugar alcohols are widely used food additives and can also have laxative effectives in susceptible individuals.

References

• Stamets & Chilton, The Mushroom Cultivator, 1983
• Stamets, Growing Gourmet and Medicinal Mushrooms (Third Edition), 2000
• National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms, 1997

See also

• Oyster sauce

External links

• Culinary information regarding oysters
• Oyster Mushrooms
• The effect of Pleurotus ostreatus on cholesterol absorption

Paul Stamets (born July 17, 1955) is an American mycologist, Author, and advocate of Bioremediation. Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) Paul Stamets (born July 17, 1955) is an American mycologist, Author, and advocate of Bioremediation. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Oyster sauce is a Viscous dark brown Sauce commonly

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