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Owain ap Mredydd (or Owen ap Meredith ap Tewdwr or Owen Tudur or Owen Tudor) (c. 1385 – February 2, 1461) was a Welsh soldier and courtier, descended from the Welsh prince Rhys ap Gruffudd, "The Lord Rhys". Events 962 - Translatio imperii: Pope John XII crowns Otto I Holy Roman Emperor, the first Holy Roman Emperor Genealogy and early life Rhys was the second son of Gruffydd ap Rhys, ruler of part of Deheubarth and Gwenllian ferch Gruffydd, daughter of Gruffydd ap However, Owen Tudor is particularly remembered for his role in founding England's Tudor dynasty including his relationship with and probable secret marriage to Catherine of Valois, widow of King Henry V of England[1]. The Tudor dynasty or House of Tudor was an English royal Dynasty that lasted 118 years from 1485 to 1603 a period known as the Tudor period Catherine of Valois (27 October 1401 &ndash 3 January 1437 was the Queen consort of England from 1420 until 1422 Henry V (16 September 1386 &ndash 31 August 1422 was one of the most significant English warrior kings of the 15th century At some point Owain anglicised his name to Owen Tudor from the Welsh Owain ap Maredudd, taking his grandfather's name for a surname, rather than the more common practice of taking his father's. Anglicisation or anglicization (see -ise vs -ize) is a process of conversion of verbal or written elements of any other language into a more comprehensible English Owen Tudor was the paternal grandfather of King Henry VII of England. The current British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, is his direct descendant. For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II This table shows the descent of Elizabeth II from Egbert, traditionally regarded as first King of England and before that from Cerdic, founder of the House of
Ancestry
Owen was a descendant of Rhys ap Gruffudd (1132 - 1197) via the lineages described below. Genealogy and early life Rhys was the second son of Gruffydd ap Rhys, ruler of part of Deheubarth and Gwenllian ferch Gruffydd, daughter of Gruffydd ap
Rhys had a daughter Gwenllian ferch Rhys who was married to Ednyfed Fychan, Seneschal of the Kingdom of Gwynedd (d. Ednyfed Fychan (died 1246 full name Ednyfed Fychan ap Cynwrig, was a Welsh warrior who became Seneschal to the Kingdom of Gwynedd in northern A seneschal was an officer in the houses of important nobles in the Middle Ages. Gwynedd (pr) is one of several Welsh Successor states that emerged in 5th-century post-Roman Britain. 1246). (According to a number of resources on the Internet, including ancestry.com (OneWorldTree), Owen's parentage was father: Maredudd Ap Tudor (aka Meredith Tudor) and mother: Margaret Vychan; the ancestry does not appear to be questionable. )
Ednyfed Fychan and Gwenllian ferch Rhys were parents to Goronwy, Lord of Tref-gastell (d. Ednyfed Fychan (died 1246 full name Ednyfed Fychan ap Cynwrig, was a Welsh warrior who became Seneschal to the Kingdom of Gwynedd in northern 1268). Goronwy was later married to Morfydd ferch Meurig, daughter to Meurig of Gwent. Gwent was one of the kingdoms or principalities of Mediæval Wales, in the Welsh Marches. (Meurig was son of Ithel, grandson of Rhydd and great-grandson to Iestyn ap Gwrgan(t). Iestyn had been the last King of Gwent (reigned 1081 - 1091) before its conquest by the Normans. The Normans were the people who gave their names to Normandy, a region in northern France. )
Goronwy and Morfydd were parents to Tudur Hen, Lord of Penmynydd (d. Penmynydd ( Welsh = top of the mountain) is a village on Anglesey situated on a slight hill on the B5420 road between Menai Bridge 1311). He was married to Angharad ferch Ithel Fychan, daughter of Ithel Fychan ap Ithel Gan, Lord of Englefield. They were parents to Goronwy ap Tudur, Lord of Penmynydd (d. Penmynydd ( Welsh = top of the mountain) is a village on Anglesey situated on a slight hill on the B5420 road between Menai Bridge 1331).
Goronwy ap Tudur was himself later married to Gwerfyl ferch Madog, daughter of Madog ap Dafydd, Baron of Hendwr. Baron is a specific Title of nobility. The word baron comes from Old French baron, itself from Old High German and Latin (liber They were parents to Tudur Fychan, Lord of Pemmynydd (d. 1367).
Tudur Fychan was married to Margaret ferch Thomas. (Margaret was daughter to Thomas ap Llewelyn, Lord of Iscoed, South Wales and his wife Eleanor ferch Philip. South Wales (De Cymru is an area of Wales bordered by England and the Bristol Channel to the east and south and Mid Wales and West Wales Her paternal grandfather was Llewelyn ab Owain, Lord of Gwynnionith. The maternal grandfather was Philip ab Ifor, Lord of Is Coed. )
Tudur and Margaret were parents to Maredudd ap Tudur (d. 1406). He was married to Margaret ferch Dafydd. Margaret was daughter to Dafydd Fychan, Lord of Anglesey and his wife Nest ferch Ieuan.
Maredudd and Margaret were the parents of Owen Tudor.
Catherine of Valois and children
Owen entered the service of Queen Catherine of Valois as keeper of the Queen's household (or her wardrobe) some time after the death of her husband Henry V of England on 22 August 1422. Catherine of Valois (27 October 1401 &ndash 3 January 1437 was the Queen consort of England from 1420 until 1422 Henry V (16 September 1386 &ndash 31 August 1422 was one of the most significant English warrior kings of the 15th century Events 392 - Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor. The Queen at first lived in the household of her infant son, King Henry VI, before moving to Wallingford Castle early in his reign, taking Tudor with her. Henry VI (6 December 1421 &ndash 21 May 1471 was King of England 1422–1461 (though with a Regent until 1437 and then 1470–1471 and a claimant to the kingdom The remains of Wallingford Castle, once an important royal castle and defensive stronghold are situated in Wallingford in the English county of Oxfordshire No documentation survives of her marriage to Owen Tudor, which is believed to have taken place in around 1428. As Parliament had passed a resolution in 1428 forbidding queens dowager to remarry without the king's permission, their marriage may not have been legally valid.
Owen and Catherine had at least six children:
- Owen (or Thomas) Tudor (1429 - 1501). He was a monk at Westminster.
- Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond (1430 - November 1, 1456). Edmund Tudor 1st Earl of Richmond ( 1431 &ndash 1 November 1456 was the father of King Henry VII of England. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi He married Lady Margaret Beaufort, then fathered Henry Tudor, the future king; and died shortly before his son's birth. Lady Margaret Beaufort ( May 31, 1443 &ndash June 29, 1509) of the House of Lancaster was the mother of King Henry VII of
- Jasper Tudor, 1st Duke of Bedford (1431 - December 21/26, 1495). Jasper Tudor ( Welsh: Siasbar Tudur) c 1431 &ndash December 21/26 1495 Earl of Pembroke and 1st Duke of Bedford, was the uncle of King Events 69 - The end of the Year of the four emperors: Following Galba, Otho and Vitellius, Vespasian Events 1481 - Battle of Westbrook - Holland defeats troops of Utrecht. He married Catherine Woodville, daughter to Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers and Jacquetta of Luxembourg. Richard Woodville (or Wydeville) 1st Earl Rivers (1405 &ndash August 12, 1469) was an English nobleman best remembered Jacquetta of Luxembourg (1415/1416 &ndash May 30, 1472) was the elder daughter of Peter I Count of St Pol, Conversano and Brienne and his wife Margaret Jasper had no legitimate children. He did have two illegimate children. One was Joan Tudor, an ancestor of Oliver Cromwell. Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 Old Style &ndash 3 September 1658 Old Style) was an English military and political leader best known
- Jacina (or Mary)Tudor (1433 - 1469). She married Thomas Gray (1430-1501); they had a daughter Jane Gray (1475-1509)[2]
--Note: This was an earlier "Mary Tudor" than Henry VIII's sister; and an earlier Jane Gray with different spelling of last name, than the Jane Grey who was executed. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of Lady Jane Grey (1536/1537&ndash 12 February 1554) also referred to as Queen Jane, a greatniece of Henry VIII of England, was a claimant Jane Gray b. 1475, had a daughter Jane Mercer, and granddaughter Jane Wilkinson.
- Daughter Tudor. (born c. 1435) She became a nun.
- Margaret (Catherine) Tudor (born 1437). Died shortly after her birth.
Owen Tudor had at least one illegimate child:
- David Owen (1459-1528), knighted in 1485 by his nephew King Henry VII at Milford Haven. He married Mary Bohun (born 1459), daughter of Sir John De Bohun of Midhurst and Anne Arden, before 1488.
After Queen Catherine's death, Owen Tudor was imprisoned at Newgate Prison, but later released. For the prison in East Granby, Connecticut, see Old Newgate Prison.
Participation in the Wars of the Roses
Owen Tudor became an early casualty of the Wars of the Roses (1455 - 1487) between the House of Lancaster and the House of York. The Wars of the Roses (1455–1485 were a series of dynastic Civil wars fought in England between supporters of the Houses of Lancaster and York The House of Lancaster was a branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet. The House of York was a branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet, three of whom became English kings in the late 15th century On February 2, 1461, as a man of advanced years, Owen led the Lancastrian forces at the Battle of Mortimer's Cross against Edward, Earl of March. Events 962 - Translatio imperii: Pope John XII crowns Otto I Holy Roman Emperor, the first Holy Roman Emperor The Battle of Mortimer's Cross was fought on February 2, 1461 near Wigmore, Herefordshire (between Leominster and Leintwardine Edward IV ( 28 April 1442 – 9 April 1483) was King of England from 4 March 1461 until 2 October They were defeated. Owen was shortly after executed by decapitation along with other prisoners. Capital punishment, the death penalty or execution, is the Killing of a person by judicial process as Punishment. Decapitation (from Latin, caput, capitis, meaning head or beheading, is the cutting off of the head of a person or animal He is said to have expected a reprieve because of his relationship with the former royal family. Owen reportedly was not convinced of his approaching death until the collar was ripped off his doublet by the executioner. Death is the termination of the biological functions that define living Organisms It refers both to a specific In Clothing, a collar is the part of a Shirt, Dress, coat or Blouse that fastens around or frames the Neck. For other meanings of the term see Executioner (disambiguation. At which point he is alleged to have said that "the head which used to lie in Queen Katherine's lap, would now lie in the executioner's basket". In Anatomy, the head of an Animal is the Rostral part (from Anatomical position that usually comprises the Brain, Eyes A basket is a container which is traditionally constructed from stiff fibres often made of Willow.
Descendants
Henry Tudor, Owen Tudor's grandson, became King Henry VII of England in 1485, founding the Tudor dynasty when his supporters defeated those of Richard III to end the Wars of the Roses. The Tudor dynasty or House of Tudor was an English royal Dynasty that lasted 118 years from 1485 to 1603 a period known as the Tudor period Richard III ( 2 October 1452 &ndash 22 August 1485) was King of England from 1483 until his death The Wars of the Roses (1455–1485 were a series of dynastic Civil wars fought in England between supporters of the Houses of Lancaster and York
His descendants include Allene Stone Gano Hughes[3], mother of American aviator, engineer, industrialist, film producer/director, and philanthropist Howard Hughes. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the An engineer is a person professionally engaged in a field of Engineering. A business magnate, sometimes referred to as a mogul, tycoon, baron, or industrialist, is a person who has reached a prominent place in A film producer is a person who creates the conditions for making movies. A film director, or filmmaker, is a person who directs the making of a Film. Philanthropy is the act of donating money goods services time and/or effort to support a socially beneficial cause with a defined objective and with no financial or material Howard Robard Hughes Jr (December 24 1905 – April 5 1976 was an American Aviator, Industrialist, Film producer / director, Philanthropist
See: The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography[1]
References
External links
- Mary Tudor b. 1432: With sourced Ancestry of Owen Tudor, as daughter of Owen Tudor and Catherine De Valois; and Mary Tudor's daughter Jane Gray lived 1475-1509, earlier Jane than Jane Grey who was daughter of the later Mary Tudor, sister of Henry VIII) at http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/person.aspx?tid=3071280&pid=-1716367594
- His pedigree (not necessarily reliable)
- Mentions Owain ap Maredudd's decision to anglicise his name
- Royal Berkshire History: Owen Tudor
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