Ovenbirds
Rufous Hornero, Furnarius rufus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Aves Subclass: Neornithes Infraclass: Neognathae Superorder: Neoaves Order: Passeriformes Suborder: Tyranni Infraorder: Tyrannides Superfamily: Furnarioidea Family: Furnariidae
Subfamilies
Sclerurinae Dendrocolaptinae Furnariinae

Ovenbirds or furnariids comprise a large family of small suboscine passerine bird species found in Central and South America. The Rufous Hornero, Furnarius rufus, is a large ovenbird from eastern South America. Chordates ( Phylum Chordata) are a group of Animals that includes the Vertebrates together with several closely related Invertebrates Birds ( class Aves) are bipedal endothermic ( Warm-blooded) Vertebrate animals that lay eggs. Modern birds (subclass Neornithes) are the members of class Aves that have survived into recent times and have coexisted with Humans Modern birds are Neognaths ( Neognathae) are Birds within the Subclass Neornithes of the class Aves. Neognaths ( Neognathae) are Birds within the Subclass Neornithes of the class Aves. The Suborder of Passerine Birds Tyranni (the suboscines) includes about 1000 Species, the large majority of which are South In Biological classification, family ( Latin The woodcreepers ( Dendrocolaptinae) comprise a Subfamily of Sub-oscine Passerine Birds endemic to the Neotropics The Suborder of Passerine Birds Tyranni (the suboscines) includes about 1000 Species, the large majority of which are South Birds ( class Aves) are bipedal endothermic ( Warm-blooded) Vertebrate animals that lay eggs. In Biology, a species is one of the basic units of Biological classification and a Taxonomic rank. South America is a Continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a They form the family Furnariidae. The North American Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapillus) is an unrelated bird, a wood warbler in the family Parulidae. Ovenbirds are also the Furnariidae family of Neotropical Suboscines specifically the tribe Furnarini which This article refers to the New World wood warbler family of birds the Parulidae

This is a diverse group of insectivores which gets its name from the elaborate vaguely "oven-like" clay nests built by some species of horneros, although most other ovenbirds build stick nests or nest in tunnels or clefts in rock. An insectivore is a type of carnivore with a diet that consists chiefly of Insects and similar small creatures The horneros are members of the genus Furnarius in the family Furnariidae, native to South America. The Spanish word for "oven" gives the conspicuous horneros their name. The horneros are members of the genus Furnarius in the family Furnariidae, native to South America. Furnariid nests are always constructed with a cover, and up to six pale blue, greenish or white eggs are laid. In most Birds and Reptiles an egg ( Latin ovum) is the Zygote, resulting from Fertilization of the Ovum. While individial species often are habitat specialists, species of this family can be found in virtually any Neotropical habitat, ranging from city parks inhabitted by Rufous Horneros, to tropical Amazonian lowlands by many species of Foliage-gleaners, to temperate barren Andean highlands inhabitted by several species of miners. In Biogeography, Neotropic or Neotropical refers to one of the world's eight terrestrial Ecozones This ecozone includes South and Central America the The Rufous Hornero, Furnarius rufus, is a large ovenbird from eastern South America. The Amazon Rainforest (Brazilian Portuguese: Floresta Amazônica or Amazônia; Spanish: Selva Amazónica or Amazonía The Andes form the world's longest exposed Mountain range. They lie as a continuous chain of highland along the western coast of South America. Geositta is a Genus of Passerine Birds in the ovenbird family Furnariidae There are even two species, the Seaside and the Surf Cinclodes, which are associated with rocky coasts. UserPolbot. --> The (Chilean Seaside Cinclodes ( Cinclodes nigrofumosus) is a species of Bird in UserPolbot. --> The Surf Cinclodes or Peruvian Seaside Cinclodes ( Cinclodes taczanowskii) is a species

Systematics

Recently, the woodcreepers (formerly Dendrocolaptidae) were merged into this family, following analysis of mtDNA cytochrome b and several nDNA sequences (Irestedt et al. The woodcreepers ( Dendrocolaptinae) comprise a Subfamily of Sub-oscine Passerine Birds endemic to the Neotropics Mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA) is the DNA located in Organelles called mitochondria. Cytochrome b/b6 is main subunit of transmembrane cytochrome bc1 and b6f complexes Nuclear DNA, nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid (nDNA is DNA contained within a nucleus of eukaryotic organisms. A DNA sequence or genetic sequence is a succession of letters representing the Primary structure of a real or hypothetical DNA Molecule 2002).

The systematics of the Dendrocolaptinae were reviewed by Rajkow (1994) based on morphology and by Irestedt et al. (2004) based on analysis of more nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. Using the latter approach, the suspected major lineages of the Furnariinae (foliage-gleaners, spinetails, and true ovenbirds) were confirmed, but some new lineages were discovered and the relationships of several genera had to be revised (Fjeldså et al. , 2005).

The taxonomic arrangement presented below is based on a synthesis of current data (e. g. Cheviron et al. , 2005). Many species or entire genera have not been sampled to analyze DNA sequences, and as the recent studies have discovered that convergent evolution is commonplace in the family, it seems not advisable to place them in the taxonomic sequence without further research. A DNA sequence or genetic sequence is a succession of letters representing the Primary structure of a real or hypothetical DNA Molecule Convergent evolution describes the acquisition of the same biological trait in unrelated lineages Several genera are in need of revision too.

Subfamily Sclerurinae

Miners and leaftossers

• Genus Geositta - miners (11 species)

• Genus Sclerurus - leaftossers
  • Short-billed Leaftosser, Sclerurus rufigularis
  • Tawny-throated Leaftosser, Sclerurus mexicanus
  • Gray-throated Leaftosser, Sclerurus albigularis
  • Black-tailed Leaftosser, Sclerurus caudacutus
  • Rufous-breasted Leaftosser, Sclerurus scansor
  • Scaly-throated Leaftosser, Sclerurus guatemalensis

Subfamily Dendrocolaptinae - Woodcreepers

For a complete listing of species, see the subfamily article. Geositta is a Genus of Passerine Birds in the ovenbird family Furnariidae UserPolbot. --> Sclerurus is a genus of Bird in the Furnariidae family UserPolbot. -->The Short-billed Leaftosser ( Sclerurus rufigularis) is a species of Bird in the UserPolbot. -->The Tawny-throated Leaftosser ( Sclerurus mexicanus) is a species of Bird in the UserPolbot. -->The Grey-throated Leaftosser ( Sclerurus albigularis) is a species of Bird in the UserPolbot. -->The Black-tailed Leaftosser ( Sclerurus caudacutus) is a species of Bird in the Furnariidae UserPolbot. -->The Rufous-breasted Leaftosser ( Sclerurus scansor) is a species of Bird in the Furnariidae UserPolbot. --> The Scaly-throated Leaftosser ( Sclerurus guatemalensis) is a species of Bird in The woodcreepers ( Dendrocolaptinae) comprise a Subfamily of Sub-oscine Passerine Birds endemic to the Neotropics
Tribe Xenopini - xenops

• Genus Megaxenops - Great Xenops
• Genus Xenops (4 species)

Tribe Dendrocolaptini - true woodcreepers

• Genus Glyphorynchus - Wedge-billed Woodcreeper
• Genus Dendrocincla (6 species)
• Genus Deconychura (2 species, probably distinct genera)
• Genus Sittasomus - Olivaceous Woodcreeper
• Genus Nasica - Long-billed Woodcreeper
• Genus Dendrexetastes - Cinnamon-throated Woodcreeper
• Genus Dendrocolaptes (5 species)
• Genus Hylexetastes (2-4 species)
• Genus Xiphocolaptes (4 species)
• Genus Campylorhamphus - scythebills (5 species)
• Genus Drymornis - Scimitar-billed Woodcreeper
• Genus Lepidocolaptes (7 species)
• Genus Dendroplex (2 species, formerly in Xiphorhynchus)
• Genus Xiphorhynchus (some 15 species, possibly polyphyletic)

Subfamily Furnariinae

Horneros and allies

Tribe "Berlepschiini" - Palmcreeper (possibly distinct subfamily)

• Genus Berlepschia - Point-tailed Palmcreeper

Tribe Philydorini - foliage-gleaners and allies

• Foliage-gleaners
  • Genus Philydor (10 species)
  • Genus Automolus (7 species)
• Genus Thripadectes - treehunters (7 species)

Rufous Hornero (Furnarius rufus) nest, showing the entrance chamber and dividing wall to breeding chamber

Tribe "Margarornini" - treerunners and true barbtails

• Genus Margarornis - treerunners (4 species)
• Genus Premnoplex - typical barbtails (2 species)
• Genus Roraimia - Roraiman Barbtail (tentatively placed here)

Tribe Furnariini - true ovenbirds

• Genus Furnarius - horneros (6 species)
• Genus Upucerthia - earthcreepers (9 species; probably paraphyletic)
• Genus Cinclodes - cinclodes (some 12 species)

Tribe Synallaxini - spinetails and allies

• Genus Leptasthenura - tit-spinetails (10 species)
• Genus Phacellodomus - thornbirds (11 species)
• Genus Anumbius - Firewood-gatherer
• Genus Coryphistera - Lark-like Brushrunner
• Genus Asthenes - canasteros (22-24 species)
• Spinetails
  • Genus Cranioleuca - typical spinetails (c. Xenops is a Genus in the South American Bird family Furnariidae the ovenbirds They are small birds with a longish tail a The Great Xenops, Megaxenops parnaguae, is a Furnariid Bird, which is endemic to the Caatinga region of north-eastern Xenops is a Genus in the South American Bird family Furnariidae the ovenbirds They are small birds with a longish tail a The Wedge-billed Woodcreeper ( Glyphorynchus spirurus) is a Passerine Bird which breeds in the tropical New World from southern Dendrocincla is a genus of Bird in the woodcreeper Subfamily ( Dendrocolaptinae) UserPolbot. --> Deconychura is a genus of Bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily The Olivaceous Woodcreeper ( Sittasomus griseicapillus) is a Passerine Bird which breeds from southern Mexico through tropical UserPolbot. --> The Long-billed Woodcreeper ( Nasica longirostris) is a species of Bird in the UserPolbot. -->The Cinnamon-throated Woodcreeper ( Dendrexetastes rufigula) is a species of Bird in the UserPolbot. --> Dendrocolaptes is a Genus of Bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily UserPolbot. --> Hylexetastes is a genus of Bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily UserPolbot. --> Xiphocolaptes is a genus of Bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily Campylorhamphus, the scythebills, are a Bird genus in the woodcreeper Subfamily ( Dendrocolaptinae) UserPolbot. -->The Scimitar-billed Woodcreeper ( Drymornis bridgesii) is a species of Bird in the Lepidocolaptes is a Genus of Bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily Dendroplex is a Genus of Bird in the woodcreeper Subfamily ( Dendrocolaptinae) Xiphorhynchus is a Genus of Bird in the woodcreeper Subfamily ( Dendrocolaptinae) In Phylogenetics, a Taxon is polyphyletic ( Greek for "of many races" if the trait its members have in common evolved separately in different The horneros are members of the genus Furnarius in the family Furnariidae, native to South America. UserPolbot. --> The Point-tailed Palmcreeper ( Berlepschia rikeri) is a species of Bird in the Philydor is a Genus of Foliage-gleaners Birds in the family Furnariidae. UserPolbot. --> Automolus is a genus of Bird in the Furnariidae family Thripadectes is the Genus of typical treehunters, Birds in the family Furnariidae. The Rufous Hornero, Furnarius rufus, is a large ovenbird from eastern South America. Margarornis is the Genus of treerunners, Birds in the family Furnariidae. Premnoplex is the Genus of typical barbtails, Birds in the family Furnariidae. UserPolbot. -->The Roraiman Barbtail ( Roraimia adusta) is a species of Bird in the Furnariidae family The horneros are members of the genus Furnarius in the family Furnariidae, native to South America. UserPolbot. --> Upucerthia is a genus of Bird in the Furnariidae family Cinclodes is a Genus of Passerine Birds belonging to the ovenbird family Furnariidae. Tit-spinetails are small Passerine Birds of the genus Leptasthenura, belonging to the ovenbird family (Furnariidae Phacellodomus is the Genus of thornbirds, Birds in the family Furnariidae. UserPolbot. --> The Firewood-gatherer ( Anumbius annumbi) is a species of Bird in the Furnariidae UserPolbot. --> The Lark-like Brushrunner ( Coryphistera alaudina) is a species of Bird in the Canasteros are small Passerine Birds of South America. There are 22 to 24 species which belong to the Genus Asthenes UserPolbot. --> The typical spinetails, Cranioleuca, are a genus of Birds in the Furnariidae 20 species)
  • Genus Synallaxis (some 30-35 species)
  • Genus Poecilurus (traditionally included in Synallaxis)
    • White-whiskered Spinetail, Poecilurus candei
    • Hoary-throated Spinetail, Poecilurus kollari
    • Ochre-cheeked Spinetail, Poecilurus scutatus

Affiliations undetermined

• Genus Lochmias - Sharp-tailed Streamcreeper (Sclerurinae or "Margaronini"?)
• Genus Heliobletus - Sharp-billed Treehunter (probably Xenopini)
• Genus Pseudocolaptes - tuftedcheeks (3 species; possibly "Berlepschiini")
• Genus Premnornis - Rusty-winged Barbtail ("Berlepschiini" or "Margaronini"?)
• Genus Anabacerthia (3 species; probably Philydorini)
• Genus Syndactyla (4 species; probably Philydorini)
• Genus Simoxenops - recurvebills (2 species; probably Philydorini)
• Genus Ancistrops - Chestnut-winged Hookbill (probably Philydorini)
• Genus Hyloctistes - Striped Woodhaunter (probably Philydorini)
• Genus Anabazenops (2 species; probably Philydorini)
• Genus Cichlocolaptes - Pale-browed Treehunter (probably Philydorini)
• Genus Hylocryptus (2 species; possibly Philydorini)
• Genus Ochetorhynchus (2 species; probably Furnarini)
• Genus Eremobius - Band-tailed Earthcreeper (probably Furnarini)
• Genus Chilia - Crag Chilia (probably Furnarini)
• Genus Clibanornis - Canebrake Groundcreeper (possibly Furnarini)
• Genus Limnornis - Curve-billed Reedhaunter (possibly Synallaxini)
• Genus Limnoctites - Straight-billed Reedhaunter (sometimes included in Limnornis, but closer to, and possibly better merged with, Cranioleuca;^[1] probably Synallaxini)
• Genus Phleocryptes - Wren-like Rushbird
• Genus Aphrastura - rayaditos (2 species, includes Limnoctites; possibly Synallaxini)
• Genus Spartonoica - Bay-capped Wren-spinetail (possibly Synallaxini)
• Genus Sylviorthorhynchus - Des Murs's Wiretail (possibly Synallaxini)

• Thistletails (probably Synallaxini)
  • Genus Schizoeaca (8 species)
  • Genus Oreophylax - Itatiaia Thistletail
  • Genus Schoeniophylax - Chotoy Spinetail
  • Genus Siptornopsis - Great Spinetail
  • Genus Gyalophylax - Red-shouldered Spinetail (previously in Synallaxis)
  • Genus Hellmayrea - White-browed Spinetail
  • Genus Certhiaxis (2 species)
  • Genus Thripophaga - typical softtails (2 species)
• Genus Siptornis - Spectacled Prickletail
• Genus Metopothrix - Orange-fronted Plushcrown
• Genus Xenerpestes - graytails (2 species)
• Genus Acrobatornis - Pink-legged Graveteiro
• Genus Pseudoseisura - cacholotes (4 species)
• Genus Pygarrhichas - White-throated Treerunner

References

• Cheviron, Z. A. ; Capparella, Angelo P. ; Vuilleumier, François (2005): Molecular phylogenetic relationships among the Geositta miners (Furnariidae) and biogeographic implications for avian speciation in Fuego-Patagonia. Auk 122(1): 158–174. The Auk is a quarterly Journal and the official publication of the American Ornithologists' Union, having been continuously published by that body since DOI: 10. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. 1642/0004-8038(2005)122[0158:MPRATG]2. 0. CO;2 HTML abstract

• Fjeldså, Jon; Irestedt, Martin & Ericson, Per G. P. (2005): Molecular data reveal some major adaptational shifts in the early evolution of the most diverse avian family, the Furnariidae. Journal of Ornithology 146: 1–13. [English with German abstract] doi:10.1007/s10336-004-0054-5 (HTML abstract) PDF fulltext

• Irestedt, Martin; Fjeldså, Jon; Johansson, Ulf S. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. & Ericson, Per G. P. (2002): Systematic relationships and biogeography of the tracheophone suboscines (Aves: Passeriformes). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 23(3): 499–512. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00034-9 (HTML abstract)

• Irestedt, Martin; Fjeldså, Jon & Ericson, Per G. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. P. (2004): Phylogenetic relationships of woodcreepers (Aves: Dendrocolaptinae) - incongruence between molecular and morphological data. Journal of Avian Biology 35(3): 280-288. doi:10.1111/j.0908-8857.2004.03234.x (HTML abstract)

• Rajkow, Robert J. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. (1994): A phylogeny of the woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptinae). Auk 111(1): 104–114. The Auk is a quarterly Journal and the official publication of the American Ornithologists' Union, having been continuously published by that body since PDF fulltext

External links

• Ovenbird videos on the Internet Bird Collection
• Ovenbird sounds in the xeno-canto collection