Statue of Our Lady of Lourdes

Skyline of the sanctuary.

The alleged apparitions of Our Lady of Lourdes began on 11 February 1858, when Bernadette Soubirous, a 14-year old peasant girl from Lourdes admitted, when questioned by her mother, that she had seen a "lady" in the cave of Massabielle, about a mile from the town, while she was gathering firewood with her sister and a friend. Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. Year 1858 ( MDCCCLVIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Saint Bernadette (born Marie-Bernarde Soubirous January 7 1844 – April 16 1879) was a miller's daughter from the town of Lourdes ( Occitan: Lorda) is a town and commune situated in the southwest of the Hautes-Pyrénées department, lying in the first Pyrenean ^[1] Similar appearances of the "lady" took place on seventeen further occasions that year.

Catholics consider Bernadette Soubirous a saint, and many Catholics believe her visions to have been of the Virgin Mary. Saint Bernadette (born Marie-Bernarde Soubirous January 7 1844 – April 16 1879) was a miller's daughter from the town of The first appearance of the "Lady" reported by Bernadette was on 11 February. Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. The others were on February 14, 18-21, 23-25, 27, 28, March 1-4, 25, April 7, and July 16.

The 1st appearance (11 February)

"The first time I went to the Grotto was Thursday, February 11, 1858. I went to gather firewood with two other little girls (Toinette, her sister, and their school friend Jeanne Abadie). When we got to the mill (of Savy), I asked the other two if they would like to see where the water of the mill joins the Gave. They said 'Yes. ' From there we followed the canal. When we arrived there (at the foot of the rock of Massabielle) we found ourselves before a grotto. As they could go no further, my two companions prepared to cross the water lying before their path; so I found myself alone on the other side. They crossed the water; they started to cry. I asked them why and they told me that the water was cold. I begged them to help me throw a few rocks into the water so that I could cross without taking my stockings off. They replied that I could do as they had done. Then I went a bit further to see if I could cross without taking my stockings off, but without success. "I came back towards the grotto and started taking off my stockings. I had hardly taken off the first stocking when I heard a sound like a gust of wind. Then I turned my head towards the meadow. I saw the trees quite still: I went on taking off my stockings. I heard the same sound again. As I raised my head to look at the grotto, I saw a lady dressed in white, wearing a white dress, a blue girdle and a yellow rose on each foot, the same color as the chain of her rosary; the beads of the rosary were white.

"The Lady made a sign for me to approach; but I was seized with fear, and I did not dare, thinking that I was faced with an illusion. I rubbed my eyes, but in vain. I looked again, and I could still see the same Lady. Then I put my hand into my pocket, and took my rosary. I wanted to make the sign of the cross, but in vain; I could not raise my hand to my forehead, it kept on dropping. Then a violent impression took hold of me more strongly, but I did not go.

"The Lady took the rosary that she held in her hands and she made the sign of the cross. Then I commenced not to be afraid. I took my rosary again; I was able to make the sign of the cross; from that moment I felt perfectly undisturbed in mind. I knelt down and said my rosary, seeing this Lady always before my eyes. The Vision slipped the beads of her rosary between her fingers, but she did not move her lips. When I had said my rosary the Lady made a sign for me to approach, but I did not dare. I stayed in the same place. Then, all of a sudden, she disappeared. I started to remove the other stocking to cross the shallow water near the grotto so as to join my companions. And we went away. As we returned, I asked my companions if they had seen anything. 'No,' they replied. 'And what about you? Did you see anything?' 'Oh, no, if you have seen nothing, neither have I. '

"I thought I had been mistaken. But as we went, all the way, they kept asking me what I had seen. I did not want to tell them. Seeing that they kept on asking I decided to tell them, on condition that they would tell nobody. They promised not to tell. They said that I must never go there again, nor would they, thinking that it was someone who would harm us. I said no. As soon as they arrived home they hastened to say that I had seen a Lady dressed in white. That was the first time. " ^[2]

On realising that she alone had seen the apparition, and not her companions, she asked her sister Toinette not to tell anyone what had happened. Toinette, however, was unable to keep silent, and told their mother, Louise Soubirous. Both girls received a beating, and Bernadette was forbidden by her mother from returning to the Grotto again. A few days passed and Bernadette asked for permission to go again with her siblings and the permission was granted. ^[3][4]

The 2nd appearance (14 February)

"The second time was the following Sunday. I went back because I felt myself interiorly impelled. My mother had forbidden me to go. After High Mass, the two other girls and myself went to ask my mother again. She did not want to let us go, she said that she was afraid that I should fall in the water; she was afraid that I would not be back for Vespers. Vespers is the evening Prayer service in the Roman Catholic, Eastern (Byzantine Catholic, and Eastern Orthodox, liturgies of the I promised that I would. Then she gave me permission to go.

"I went to the Parish Church to get a little bottle of holy water, to throw over the Vision, if I were to see her at the grotto. Holy water can also refer to water that has been blessed, such as by a Priest, and is considered Holy. When we arrived, we all took our rosaries and we knelt down to say them. The Rosary (from Latin rosarium, meaning "rose garden" or "garland of roses" is a popular traditional Roman Catholic devotion. I had hardly finished the first decade when I saw the same Lady. Then I started to throw holy water in her direction, and at the same time I said that if she came from God she was to stay, but if not, she must go. She started to smile, and bowed; and the more I sprinkled her with holy water, the more she smiled and bowed her head and the more I saw her make signs. Then I was seized with fright and I hurried to sprinkle her with holy water until the bottle was empty. Then I went on saying my rosary. When I had finished it she disappeared and we came back to Vespers. This was the second time. " ^[2]

Troubled by the notion that the apparition might represent an evil spirit, Bernadette used the holy water as a test. A further reassuring sign was the apparition's beautiful bare feet: demonic apparitions (even while in human form) were believed to have cloven hooves or animal paws. A cloven hoof is a Hoof split into two toes This is found on members within the Mammalian order Artiodactyla. ^[5]

The 3rd appearance (18 February)

The Apparition did not speak until the third appearance, and therefore its identity was a matter of considerable speculation. Pious villagers Jeanne-Marie Milhet and Antionette Peyret, on hearing Bernadette's description of the apparition, considered it may have been a revenant, a soul returning from purgatory. This article is about the Revenant in Folklore For the Tzimisce Revenant Families see Revenant. The soul, according to many religious and philosophical beliefs is the self-awareness, or Consciousness, unique to a particular living See also Intermediate state Limbo|Heaven|Sheol|Hades in Christianity|Hell in Christianity Purgatory, in the original sense is the condition or process of purification Although outwith Catholic doctrine, the concept of the revenant was deeply routed in Pyrenean superstition; further, revenants frequently manifested to young children. The previous October, the head of the local chapter of the Children of Mary, a woman named Elisa Latapie, had died. The Sodality of Our Lady (also known as the Sodality of the Blessed Virgin Mary (in Latin, Congregationes seu sodalitates B Revenants rarely spoke, but communicated their messages in writing, and so Milhet and Peyrey furnished Bernadette with paper, a pen and an inkpot to take with her, in case the apparition should make use of them. ^[6]

"The third time was the following Thursday. The Lady only spoke to me the third time. I went to the grotto with a few matured people, who advised me to take paper and ink, and to ask her, if she had anything to say to me, to have the goodness to put it on paper. I said these words to the Lady. She smiled and said that it was not necessary for her to write what she had to say to me, but asked if I would do her the favour of coming for a fortnight. Note Please link only to revelant articles per "WPOVERLINK" I told her that I would. She told me also that she did not promise to make me happy in this world, but in the next. "^[2]

Although she spoke in Occitan, the regional language which Bernadette (whose French was poor) used, the apparition used remarkably formal language in her request: "Would you have the goodness to come here for fifteen days?" (in Occitan: "Boulet aoue ra gracia de bié aci penden quinze dias?"; in French:"Voulez-vous me faire la grâce de venir ici pendant quinze jours?") This significance of this politeness was not lost on the observers. Occitan ( IPA BrE: /ˈɒksɪtn/ AmE: /ˈɑksəˌtɑn/ known also as Lenga d'òc or Langue d'oc (native name occitan There are a number of languages of France. The French language is by far the most widely spoken and the only Official language of France, but several It would be very unusual for anyone to adopt this formal form of address when speaking to a penniless, working-class peasant girl such as Bernadette. ^[7]

The 4th appearance (19 February)

Armed with a lighted candle for protection, Bernadette came to the grotto. A candle is a Light source and sometimes a Heat source consisting of a solid block of Fuel and an embedded wick. This originated the custom of carrying lighted candles to the grotto. Eight people were present including Bernadette's mother and two of her aunts, one of whom, Aunt Bernarde, was her godmother and the most influential member of her mother's family. ^[8] Bernadette reported that the lady asked her to leave her candle there. She said "It belongs to my aunt, I'll have to ask her; but if she agrees, I will. "

The 5th appearance (20 February)

Thirty people were present. Bernadette reported later that the lady had taught her a prayer, which she said every day of her life, but never wrote down or repeated to anyone. By this time, the news was spreading to other towns, and many people assumed that Bernadette's lady was the Virgin Mary, although Bernadette herself seemed content not to try to establish her identity.

The 6th appearance (21 February)

Over 100 people were present, and Bernadette was afterwards interrogated by Dominique Jacomet, the Police Commissioner. Her father, François Soubirous, eventually assured the commissioner that the affair would cease. ^[9]

The 7th appearance (23 February)

About 150 people were present. Jean-Baptiste Estrade (a tax inspector), Duffo (a court official), and the officers from the garrison were present. Bernadette said later that the lady had told her a secret, which was for her alone, and was never revealed to anyone.

The 8th appearance (24 February)

The message of the "lady" was "Penance! Penance! Penance! Pray to God for sinners. Kiss the ground as an act of penance for sinners!" About 250 people were present.

The 9th appearance (25 February)

"(The Lady) told me that I should go and drink at the fountain and wash myself. Seeing no fountain I went to drink at the Gave. She said it was not there; she pointed with her finger that I was to go in under the rock. I went, and I found a puddle of water which was more like mud, and the quantity was so small that I could hardly gather a little in the hollow of my hand. Nevertheless I obeyed, and started scratching the ground; after doing that I was able to take some. The water was so dirty that three times I threw it away. The fourth time I was able to drink it. She made me eat grass growing in the same place where I had drunk; once only; I do not know why. Then the Vision disappeared and I went home. ". ^[10] Bernadette was interrogated again.

The spring began to flow a day later. A spring is a point where Groundwater flows out of the ground and is thus where the Aquifer surface meets the ground surface

The 10th appearance (27 February)

About 800 people were present.

The 11th appearance (28 February)

Over one thousand people were present. Bernadette was questioned by Judge Ribes afterwards.

The 12th appearance (1 March)

There were almost fifteen hundred people present. Catherine Latapie reported that she bathed her paralyzed arm in the spring, and instantaneously regained full movement. This was the first of the scientifically unattributable events to take place.

The 13th appearance (2 March)

The "lady" commanded Bernadette: "Go, tell the priests to come here in procession and to build a chapel here. A chapel is a holy place or area of Worship for Christians, which may be attached to an institution such as a large church, a College, a "^[11] [Another source says: "Go and tell the priest to build a chapel here and to have people come in procession. "] ^[10] Accompanied by her two aunts, Bernadette went to ask Fr. Peyramale, who called Bernadette a liar and forbade her to go to the grotto, after which she was dismissed. Abbé Dominique Peyramale (1811 – 1877 was a Catholic Priest in the town of Lourdes in France during the apparitions of Our Lady of Lourdes Bernadette was determined, and came again with one of the priest's friends to ask again. After Bernadette was thoroughly questioned before the parish clergy and dismissed, the parish priests could not agree on what course to take. Peyramale decided to go to Tarbes to visit the bishop. Tarbes is a French town and commune, in the département of Hautes-Pyrénées, of which it is the Préfecture The bishop determined that Peyramale should remain away from the grotto.

The 14th appearance (3 March)

Previously, Father Peyramale had told Bernadette that the requests for the procession and chapel could not be fulfilled unless and until the lady's name was known. On this occasion Bernadette asked for the lady's name, but, according to Bernadette's testimony, the lady merely bowed a little and smiled.

The 15th appearance (4 March)

Over nine thousand people were present. "The third time I went to see M. le Curé, to tell him that a Lady had ordered me to go and say to the priests that they were to have a chapel built there, he looked at me for a moment, and then he said to me in a rather gruff tone, 'Who is this lady?' I answered that I did not know. Then he commissioned me to ask her name and to come and tell him. The next day when I arrived at the grotto I recited my rosary and then asked her, from M. The Rosary (from Latin rosarium, meaning "rose garden" or "garland of roses" is a popular traditional Roman Catholic devotion. le Curé what her name was, but all she did was to smile. When I got back I went to M. le Curé to tell him that I discharged his commission, and her only response was her smile; then he said she was laughing at me and that I would do well not to go to her again. But, I could not help going. "^[10]

The 16th appearance (25 March)

Our Lady of Lourdes - Mary appearing at Lourdes with Rosary Beads. Lourdes ( Occitan: Lorda) is a town and commune situated in the southwest of the Hautes-Pyrénées department, lying in the first Pyrenean The Rosary (from Latin rosarium, meaning "rose garden" or "garland of roses" is a popular traditional Roman Catholic devotion. The words on her halo are: 'Je suis l'Immaculée conception' (I am the Immaculate Conception)^[12]. For dogmatic context see Roman Catholic Mariology. For artistic depictions see Roman Catholic Marian art. These are the words that Bernadette reported that Mary said to her in the 16th apparition. Saint Bernadette (born Marie-Bernarde Soubirous January 7 1844 – April 16 1879) was a miller's daughter from the town of

"I went every day for a fortnight, and each day I asked her who she was–and this petition always made her smile. After the fortnight I asked her three times consecutively. She always smiled. At last I tried for the fourth time. She stopped smiling. With her arms down, she raised her eyes to heaven and then, folding her hands over her breast she said, 'I am the Immaculate Conception. For dogmatic context see Roman Catholic Mariology. For artistic depictions see Roman Catholic Marian art. ' Then I went back to M. le Curé to tell him that she had said she was the Immaculate Conception, and he asked was I absolutely certain. I said yes, and so as not to forget the words, I had repeated them all the way home. " ^[13]

The 17th appearance (7 April)

Dr. Pierre Romaine Dozous, the town physician, originally watched the apparitions from a skeptical viewpoint. He believed Bernadette, whom he knew well, was in her right mind aside from the apparitions; he planned to write a medical article discussing the idea that one can have illusions or hallucinations without being insane. A hallucination, in the broadest sense is a Perception in the absence of a stimulus.

He reported: "Bernadette seemed to be even more absorbed than usual in the Appearance upon which her gaze was riveted. I witnessed, as did also every one else there present, the fact which I am about to narrate. She was on her knees saying with fervent devotion the prayers of her Rosary which she held in her left hand while in her right was a large blessed candle, alight. The child was just beginning to make the usual ascent on her knees when suddenly she stopped and, her right hand joining her left, the flame of the big candle passed between the fingers of the latter. Though fanned by a fairly strong breeze, the flame produced no effect upon the skin which it was touching. Astonished at this strange fact, I forbade anyone there to interfere, and taking my watch in my hand, I studied the phenomenon attentively for a quarter of an hour. At the end of this time Bernadette, still in her ecstasy, advanced to the upper part of the Grotto, separating her hands. The flame thus ceased to touch her left hand. Bernadette finished her prayer and the splendour of the transfiguration left her face. She rose and was about to quit the Grotto when I asked her to show me her left hand. I examined it most carefully, but could not find the least trace of burning anywhere upon it. I then asked the person who was holding the candle to light it again and give it to me. I put it several times in succession under Bernadette's left hand but she drew it away quickly, saying 'You are burning me!'. I record this fact just as I have seen it without attempting to explain it. Many persons who were present at the time can confirm what I have said. "^[13]

On June 8, 1858, the mayor of Lourdes barricaded the grotto and stationed guards to prevent public access. Visitors were fined for kneeling near the grotto or talking about the grotto. ^[14]

The 18th appearance (16 July)

This was the last. Because the grotto was barricaded by the local government, Bernadette knelt outside the fence by the riverbank. . ^[14] "I thought I was at the Grotto, at the same distance as I was the other times. All I saw was Our Lady . . . She was more beautiful than ever. "^[13]

A second analysis of the water, which had been commissioned by the mayor of Lourdes and conducted by a professor in Toulouse, determined that the water was potable and that it contained the following: oxygen, nitrogen, carbonic acid, carbonates of lime and magnesia, a trace of carbonate of iron, an alkaline carbonate or silicate, chlorides of potassium and sodium, traces of sulphates of potassium and soda, traces of ammonia, and traces of iodine. Toulouse ( pronounced in standard French, and in the local accent ( Occitan: Tolosa, pronounced) is a city in southwest Water of sufficient quality to serve as drinking water is termed potable water whether it is used for drinking or not Nitrogen (ˈnaɪtɹəʤɪn is a Chemical element that has the symbol N and Atomic number 7 and Atomic weight 14 Carbonic acid (ancient name acid of air or aerial acid) has the formula H2CO3 In Chemistry, a carbonate is a salt or Ester of Carbonic acid. Iron (ˈаɪɚn is a Chemical element with the symbol Fe (ferrum and Atomic number 26 The chloride Ion is formed when the element Chlorine picks up one Electron to form an Anion (negatively-charged ion Cl&minus Potassium (pəˈtæsiəm is a Chemical element. It has the symbol K (kalium from qalīy Atomic number 19 and Atomic mass 39 Sodium (ˈsoʊdiəm is an element which has the symbol Na( Latin natrium, from Arabic natrun) atomic number 11 atomic mass 22 Ammonia is a compound with the formula N[[hydrogen H3]] It is normally encountered as a Gas with a characteristic pungent Odor Iodine (ˈaɪədaɪn ˈaɪədɪn or /ˈaɪədiːn/ from ιώδης iodes "violet" is a Chemical element that has the symbol I and Atomic ^[14]

The grotto reopened to the public in October of 1858, by order of Emperor Louis Napoleon III. Year 1858 ( MDCCCLVIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common The Second French Empire or Second Empire was the Imperial Bonapartist regime of Napoleon III from 1852 to 1870 between the Second Napoléon III, also known as Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (full name Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte) (20 April 1808 9 January 1873 was the first President ^[14]

Aftermath

Bernadette received no further apparitions after the 18th, and did not feel any desire to visit the Grotto afterwards, but the people kept on visiting. Lourdes has since grown to be the greatest Marian shrine of the Roman Catholic Church. Lourdes ( Occitan: Lorda) is a town and commune situated in the southwest of the Hautes-Pyrénées department, lying in the first Pyrenean In the culture and practice of some Christian Churches - mainly but not solely the Roman Catholic Church - a Shrine to the Virgin Mary (or Marian shrine

Commentary on the apparitions

Several specific details of the apparitions are worthy of closer attention. Bernadette described the apparition as uo petito damizelo ("a young girl") of about twelve years old. Bernadette insisted that the apparition was no taller than herself. At 1. 40m tall, Bernadette was diminutive even by the standards of other poorly-nourished children. ^[15]

Bernadette described that the apparition was dressed in a flowing white robe, with a blue sash around her waist. This was the uniform of a religious group called the Children of Mary, which, on account of her poverty, Bernadette was not permitted to join (although she was admitted after the apparitions). The Sodality of Our Lady (also known as the Sodality of the Blessed Virgin Mary (in Latin, Congregationes seu sodalitates B ^[16] Her Aunt Bernarde was a long-time member.

The statue which currently stands in the niche within the grotto of Massabielle (illustrated above) was created by the Lyonnais sculptor Joseph Fabisch in 1864. ||-||} Lyon, also known as Lyons in English is a city in east-central France. Although it has become an iconographic symbol of Our Lady of Lourdes, it depicts a figure which is not only older and taller than Bernadette's description, but also more in keeping with orthodox and traditional representations of the Virgin Mary. On seeing the statue, Bernadette was profoundly disappointed with this representation of her vision.

Historical context of the apparitions

Far from being unique, Bernadette's visions took place against a cultural backdrop of apparitions and other supernatural events which bear some resemblance to Bernadette's experiences. It is likely that Bernadette would have known of, and may even have been influenced by, such events, which were woven into the fabric of her society.

For example, in nearby Bétharram, only a few kilometres from Lourdes, some shepherds guarding their flocks in the mountains observed a vision of a ray of light which guided them to the discovery of a statue of the Virgin Mary. Two attempts were made to remove the statue to a more prominent position; each time it disappeared and returned to its original location, at which a small chapel was built for it. ^[17]

More importantly, in the early sixteenth century, a twelve year old shepherdess called Anglèze de Sagazan received a vision of the Virgin Mary near the spring at Garaison (part of the commune of Monléon-Magnoac), somewhat further away. The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. Monléon-Magnoac is a commune of the Hautes-Pyrénées département in southwestern France. Anglèze's story is strikingly similar to that of Bernadette: she was a pious but illiterate and poorly-educated girl, extremely impoverished, who spoke only in local patois, but successfully convinced authorities that her vision was genuine and persuaded them to obey the instructions of her apparitions. Patois is any language that is considered nonstandard, although the term is not formally defined in Linguistics. Like Bernadette, she was the only one who could see the apparition (others could apparently hear it). However, the apparition at Garaison's supernatural powers tended towards the miraculous provision of food, rather than healing the sick.

Mid-nineteenth century commentators noted the parallels between the events at Massabielle and Garaison, but, interestingly, interpreted the similarities as proof of the divine nature of Bernadette's claims. ^[18] At the time of Bernadette, Garaison was a noted centre of pilgrimage and Marian devotion.

There are also several similarities between the apparition at La Salette, near Grenoble, and Lourdes. La Salette is a small mountaintop village near Grenoble, France. Grenoble is a city and commune in south-east France situated at the foot of the Alps where the Drac joins the Isère River. La Salette is many hundreds of kilometres from Lourdes, and the events at La Salette predate those in Lourdes by 11 years. However, the lady of La Salette was large and maternal, not petite and girlish, and had a darker, more threatening series of messages. It is not certain if Bernadette was aware of the events at La Salette. ^[19]

Similarity to other visions

When comparing the various visions of Jesus and Mary Saint Bernadette's vision in Lourdes France is somewhat similar to the case of Saint Juan Diego's vision in 1531 in Mexico. Since the Crucifixion of Jesus Christ in Calvary until today a number of people have claimed to have had visions (and indeed personal conversations with Him and Lourdes ( Occitan: Lorda) is a town and commune situated in the southwest of the Hautes-Pyrénées department, lying in the first Pyrenean Saint Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin (1474 – May 30, 1548) was an Indigenous Mexican who reported an apparition of the Virgin The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. Both saints reported visions in which a miraculous lady on a hill asked them to request that the local priests build a chapel at that site of the vision. Both visions had a reference to roses and led to very large churches being built at the sites. Like Our Lady of Lourdes in France, Our Lady of Guadalupe is a major Catholic symbol in Mexico. Our Lady of Guadalupe, also called the Virgin of Guadalupe (Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe or Virgen de Guadalupe is a 16th century Roman Catholic Mexican And like the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes in France, the Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe complex is one of the largest and most visited Catholic churches in the Americas. The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes or the Domain (as it is most commonly known is an area of ground surrounding the shrine ( Grotto) to Our Lady of Lourdes The name Basilica of Guadalupe (also Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe, Basílica de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe in Spanish) may refer to one of the

The Lourdes Medical Bureau

See main article: Lourdes Medical Bureau

To ensure claims of cures were examined properly and to protect the town from fraudulent claims of miracles, the Lourdes Medical Bureau was established. The Lourdes Medical Bureau (International Medical Association of Lourdes Association Médicale Internationale de Lourdes) is a medical organization based in Lourdes Approximately 7000 people have sought to have their case confirmed as a miracle, of which only 68 have been declared a scientifically inexplicable miracle by both the Bureau and the Catholic Church. A miracle is an event believed to be caused by interposition of Divine intervention by a Supernatural being in the Universe by which the ordinary operation ^[20]

Pilgrimages

The pilgrimage site is visited by millions of Catholics each year. The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes or the Domain (as it is most commonly known is an area of ground surrounding the shrine ( Grotto) to Our Lady of Lourdes Various unusual occurrences are often reported to take place, not only subsequent to bathing in or drinking the water of the Lourdes Spring, but also during the daily Eucharistic procession. The Eucharist, also called Holy Communion or Lord's Supper and other names is a Christian Sacrament by which in a common interpretation those See Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes for more information. The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes or the Domain (as it is most commonly known is an area of ground surrounding the shrine ( Grotto) to Our Lady of Lourdes

The Catholic Church's position

A series of articles on Roman Catholic Mariology
General articles Mariology • Veneration of the Blessed Virgin • History of Mariology • Mariology of the popes • Mariology of the saints • Papal teachings
Devotions Rosary • Immaculate Heart • 7 Sorrows • Acts of Reparation
Dogmas and Doctrines Doctrines • Mother of God • Perpetual virginity • Immaculate Conception • Assumption • Mediatrix • Co-Redemptrix
Artistic forms Art • Music • Architecture
Marian apparitions (approved or worthy of belief) Guadalupe • Lourdes • Pontmain • Knock • Fatima • Banneux • Beauraing • Laus

On January 18, 1862, Bishop Laurence, the Bishop of Tarbes, gave the solemn declaration: "We are inspired by the Commission comprising wise, holy, learned and experienced priests who questioned the child, studied the facts, examined everything and weighed all the evidence. Mariology is the theological study of Mary which methodically presents teachings about her to other parts of the faith such as teachings about Jesus Christ, redemption This article is about the Roman Catholic understanding of Mary and her veneration; for other views see Mary (mother of Jesus and Islamic view The history of Roman Catholic Mariology traces theological developments and views regarding Mary from the early Church to the twentieth century Catholic Mariology is the Encyclopedic area of Theology concerned with Mary the Mother of God, not only with her Life, but her Veneration Catholic Mariology is the area of Theology concerned with Mary the Mother of God, not only with her Life, but her Veneration in daily life The Rosary (from Latin rosarium, meaning "rose garden" or "garland of roses" is a popular traditional Roman Catholic devotion. The Immaculate Heart of Mary originally The Sacred Heart of Mary is a devotional name used by Roman Catholics and some Anglo-Catholics to refer Our Lady of Sorrows (Latin Beata Maria Virgo Perdolens) the Sorrowful Mother or Mother of Sorrows (Latin Mater Dolorosa) Our Lady Roman Catholic tradition and Mariology include specific prayers and devotions as Acts of reparation for insults and blasphemies against the Blessed Virgin Mary See also Mariology (Roman Catholic, Blessed Virgin Mary, Blessed Virgin Mary (Roman Catholic The Marian doctrines of the Catholic Church have their See also Mariology (Roman Catholic, Blessed Virgin Mary, Blessed Virgin Mary (Roman Catholic The Marian doctrines of the Catholic Church have their Theotokos (Θεοτόκος translit Theotókos) is a title of Mary the mother of Jesus used especially in the Eastern Orthodox, The Perpetual Virginity of Mary, a dogma of the Roman Catholic Church and also of the Eastern Orthodox Church and Oriental Orthodoxy, which For dogmatic context see Roman Catholic Mariology. For artistic depictions see Roman Catholic Marian art. This article is about the theological concept For the works of art with this title see Assumption of the Virgin Mary in Art and Roman Catholic Marian art. Mediatrix in Roman Catholic Mariology refers to the role of the Blessed Virgin Mary as a mediator in the salvation process Co-Redemptrix in Roman Catholic Mariology refers to the role of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the redemption process The Blessed Virgin Mary has been one of the major subjects of Christian Art, Catholic Art and Western Art for many centuries Roman Catholic Marian music shares a trait with some other forms of Christian music in adding another emotional dimension to the process of veneration and in being used A Marian apparition is an event in which the Virgin Mary is believed to have Supernaturally appeared to one or more persons regardless of their religious faith This article is about Roman Catholic views on dogma For general views see Dogma Dogma (Roman Catholic explains the concept Our Lady of Guadalupe, also called the Virgin of Guadalupe (Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe or Virgen de Guadalupe is a 16th century Roman Catholic Mexican Our Lady of Hope is the title given to the Virgin Mary on her apparition at Pontmain, France on January 17, 1871. Our Lady Queen of Ireland, is used as the term for the shrine to the Blessed Virgin Mary set up following a Marian apparition in Knock, Ireland Our Lady of Fátima (ˈfatimɐ is the title given to the Blessed Virgin Mary by those who believe that she appeared to three shepherd children at Fátima Mariette Beco was a native of Banneux, Belgium in the 1930s She is best known for being associated with the Roman Catholic Marian apparitions We have also called on science, and we remain convinced that the Apparitions are supernatural and divine, and that by consequence, what Bernadette saw was the Most Blessed Virgin. Our convictions are based on the testimony of Bernadette, but above all on the things that have happened, things which can be nothing other than divine intervention". ^[11]

The Catholic Church celebrates a mass in honor of "Our Lady of Lourdes", (optional memorial), in many countries on February 11th of each year — the anniversary of the first apparition. There had long been a tradition of interpreting the Song of Songs as an allegory of God's love for the Church, so up until the liturgical reforms following Vatican II, a passage from this O. T. book was used during the mass for its reference to the "beloved" appearing in a cleft of a rock^[21] and its parallel with what Catholics have described as the "Mother of the Church"^[22] being seen in the cleft of a rock in Lourdes.

Because the apparitions are private revelation and not public revelation, Roman Catholics are not required to believe them, nor does it add any additional material to the truths of the Catholic Church as expressed in public revelation. Revelation is the act of revealing or disclosing (see etymology or in the theological perception making something obvious and clearly understood through active or passive communication In Roman Catholic belief, God chooses whom He wants cured, and whom He does not, and by what means. Bernadette said, "One must have faith and pray; the water will have no virtue without faith. "

The Lourdes (disambiguation) page has a list of places and people which are associated with Lourdes or Our Lady of Lourdes.

• Our Lady of Lourdes Monument in Ain Ebel, Lebanon
• The Church of Our Lady of Lourdes in Qingyang, China
• Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic Church (Minneapolis, Minnesota), USA
• Our Lady of Lourdes Parish in Acton, London
• Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic Church in Gales Ferry, Connecticut
• Shrine of Our Lady of Lourdes in Toronto, Ontario
• Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic Church in Montoursville, Pennsylvania
• Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic Church in Erath, Louisiana
• Church of Our Lady of Lourdes in Ophir Road, Singapore
• National Shrine of Our Lady of Lourdes, (Kanlaon Street, Quezon City, Philippines)
• Carfin Grotto, Motherwell, Scotland
• Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic Church in Richmond, Virginia
• Catedral Lourdes and Parque Lourdes in Chapinero, Bogota, Colombia
• The Church of Our Lady of Lourdes in Whitehouse Station, New Jersey
• Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic Church in Malverne, New York
• Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic Church in Vidor, Texas
• Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic Church[[3]] in Chicago, IL
• Lourdes Health System, Camden and Willingboro, NJ

Notes

Our Lady of Lourdes Church , Montclair CA

See also

• Lourdes
• Lourdes water
• Marian apparitions
• Power of Christian prayer

External links

• The Glories of Lourdes
• The Wonders of Lourdes
• Our Lady of Lourdes
• Cures and miracles - An overview by the official website of the shrine. Lourdes ( Occitan: Lorda) is a town and commune situated in the southwest of the Hautes-Pyrénées department, lying in the first Pyrenean Lourdes water is water which flows from a spring in the Grotto of Massabielle in the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes, France. A Marian apparition is an event in which the Virgin Mary is believed to have Supernaturally appeared to one or more persons regardless of their religious faith Prayer is a central theme in the common Bible of the Abrahamic religions, where various forms of prayer appear the most common forms being petition thanksgiving This site also offers containers of Lourdes Spring water straight from the source.
• Pilgrimage of His Holiness John Paul II to Lourdes on the Occasion of the 150th Anniversary of the Promulgation of the Dogma of the Immaculate Conception.
• Catholic Association UK This site has some interesting background to Lourdes, the apparations and the history.
• Lourdes Water Religious Store Provides background information and sells religious objects in addition to providing containers of Lourdes Spring water.
• A different light A doctor's visit to Lourdes
• The miracles of Lourdes A medical student's explanation of Lourdes analysis