| Ostrava | |||
| City | |||
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| Country | Czech Republic | ||
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| Region | Moravian-Silesian | ||
| Little District | Ostrava | ||
| Parts |
23
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| Center | Masarykovo náměstí | ||
| - elevation | 260 m (853 ft) | ||
| - coordinates | |||
| Area | 214 km² (83 sq mi) | ||
| - metro | 3,896 km² (1,504 sq mi) | ||
| Population | 309,531 (2007-12-13) | ||
| - metro | 1,164,328 [1] | ||
| Density | 1,446. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, Since January 1 2000 (according to Czech law # 129/2000 o krajích ( about Counties) replacing older paragraph 1/ 1993 in the Czech Constitution Moravian-Silesian Region (Moravskoslezský kraj or Moravo-Silesian Region, is an administrative unit ( kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the Michálkovice (Michałkowice Michalkowitz is an administrative district of the city of Ostrava, Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic. Poruba is an administrative district of the city of Ostrava, Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic. Slezská Ostrava (Śląska Ostrawa lit Silesian Ostrava) till 1919 Polnisch Ostrau (Polská Ostrava Polska Ostrawa lit Svinov (Schönbrunn is an administrative district of the city of Ostrava, Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic. Vítkovice (Witkowitz is an administrative district of the city of Ostrava, Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 4 /km² (3,746. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 2 /sq mi) | ||
| Founded | 1267 | ||
| Mayor | Petr Kajnar (ČSSD) | ||
| Postal code | 702 00 | ||
   Location in the Czech Republic
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  Location in the Moravian-Silesian Region
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| Website: www.ostrava.cz | |||
Ostrava (pronounced [ˈostrava] , German: Ostrau, Polish: Ostrawa) is the third largest city in the Czech Republic, however it is the second largest urban agglomeration after Prague. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. The Czech Social Democratic Party ( Czech: Česká strana sociálně demokratická or ČSSD) is the Social Democratic Political party The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, It is also the administrative center of the Moravian-Silesian Region and of the Municipality with Extended Competence. Moravian-Silesian Region (Moravskoslezský kraj or Moravo-Silesian Region, is an administrative unit ( kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the Ostrava is located at the confluence of the Ostravice, Oder and Opava rivers. Ostravice (Ostrawica Ostrawitza is a river in Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic. The Oder (known in Czech and Polish as Odra) is a River in Central Europe. The Opava (Opava Opawa Oppa is a River in the north-eastern Czech Republic, a left tributary of the Oder river Its history and growth have been largely affected by exploitation and further usage of the high quality black coal deposits discovered in the locality, giving the town a look of an industrial city and a nickname of the “steel heart of the republic” (Czech: ocelové srdce republiky) during the communist era of Czechoslovakia. Czech (ˈʧɛk čeština ˈʧɛʃcɪna in Czech is a West Slavic language with about 12 million native speakers it is the majority language in the Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based Czechoslovakia may also refer to what is now the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Many of the heavy industry companies are being closed down or transformed nowadays.
Contents |
History of Ostrava
Ostrava was an important crossroads of prehistoric trading routes, namely the Amber Road. The Amber Road was an ancient Trade route for the transfer of Amber. Archaeological finds have proved that the area around Ostrava has been permanently inhabited for 25,000 years. The town itself was founded in 1267. Until the late 18th century, Ostrava was a small provincial town with a population around one thousand inhabitants engaged in handicraft. The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system
In 1763, large deposits of black coal were discovered, leading to an industrial boom and a flood of new immigrants in the following centuries. Year 1763 ( MDCCLXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a During the 19th century, several mine towers were raised in and around the city and the first steel works were established. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar Steel is an Alloy consisting mostly of Iron, with a Carbon content between 0 Industrial growth was made possible by the completion of Kaiser-Ferdinands-Nordbahn from Vienna in 1847. The Northern Railway (Nordbahn KFNB Severní dráha císaře Ferdinanda SDCF was the name of a former Railway company during the time of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. Year 1847 ( MDCCCXLVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common The 20th century saw further industrial expansion of the city accompanied by an increase in population and the quality of civic services and culture. The twentieth century of the Common Era began on However, during World War II, Ostrava - as an important source of steel for the army industry - suffered several massive bombing campaigns bringing large amounts of damage to the city. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including
Since the Velvet revolution in 1989 the city is going through big changes. The " Velvet Revolution " (sametová revoluce nežná revolúcia ( November 16 &ndash December 29 1989) refers to a non-violent Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) A thorough restructuring of industry is taking place - coal mining in the area of the city was stopped in 1994 and a large part of the Vítkovice ironworks near the city center was closed down in 1998, both improving the environment dramatically, although the Mittal Steel plant (ex-Nová Huť) continues to heavily pollute the Radvanice district. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Radvanice (Radwanice Radwanitz is a part of the city of Ostrava, Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic.
| Period | Name |
|---|---|
| 1861–1864 | Hermann Zwierzina |
| 1864–1873 | Alois Anderka |
| 1873–1880 | Konstantin Grünwald |
| 1880–1888 | Anton Lux |
| 1888–1901 | Dr. Hermann Zwierzina ( 12 October 1825, Třemošnice – 19 June 1873, Mariánské Lázně) was the first Mayor Alois Anderka ( 25 June 1825, Nové Lublice – 7 April 1886, Moravská Ostrava) was the second Mayor of Adalbert Johanny |
| 1901–1918 | Dr. Gustav Fiedler |
| 1918 | Johann Ulrich (until 17th December 1918) |
| 1918–1935 | Jan Prokeš |
| 1935–1939 | Josef Chalupník |
| 1939–1940 | Dr. Josef Hinner |
| 1940–1945 | SS Sturmbannführer Emil Beier |
| 1945 | Josef Lampa (interim, for three weeks) |
| 1945–1960 | Josef Kotas |
| 1960–1964 | Jan Buchvaldek |
| 1964–1968 | Ing. SS Sturmbannführer Emil Beier (1893 – 1985 was a German Nazi politician and Mayor of Ostrava during the Occupation 1940 – 1945 Josef Kempný |
| 1968–1971 | Ing. Zdeněk Kupka |
| 1971–1986 | RSDr. Eduard Foltýn |
| 1986–1989 | Ing. Bedřich Lipina |
| 1989–1990 | Ing. Lubomír Vejr, CSc. |
| 1990–1993 | Ing. arch. Jiří Smejkal |
| 1993–2001 | Ing. Evžen Tošenovský |
| 2001–2002 | Ing. Čestmír Vlček |
| 2002–2006 | Ing. Aleš Zedník |
| 2006– | Ing. Petr Kajnar |
Geography and climate
Ostrava is located in the north-eastern tip of the Czech Republic, very close to the Polish (15km) and Slovak (55km) borders. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Slovakia (long form Slovak Republic; Slovak:, long form, is a Landlocked country in Central Europe with a population of over five million It spreads over the northern part of the natural north-south valley called the Moravian Gate (Moravská brána) with the average elevation of around 210m above sea level. Mean sea level (MSL is the average (mean height of the Sea, with reference to a suitable reference surface
The local climate is temperate with warm summers and cold, cloudy, humid winters. Climate encompasses the temperatures humidity rainfall atmospheric particle count and numerous other meteorogical factors in a given region over long periods of Due to the easterly position of the city the continental climate influences are slightly more prominent compared to the rest of the country. Continental climate is a Climate that is characterized by Winter Temperatures cold enough to support a fixed period of Snow cover each Year The yearly average temperature is 8. 6°C (January: -2. 4°, July: 17. 8°), the yearly rainfall is around 600mm. In Meteorology, precipitation (also known as one class of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric
People and demographics
As of 2003, the officially estimated population of Ostrava is 315,442 inhabitants, who are living in a total of 23 districts formed by joining together 34 original small towns and villages. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Ostrava covers an area of 212 km². Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The population density is 1505 people per km². Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of
Historically, among the most influencing ethnic groups besides Czechs in Ostrava were the Polish people, Germans and the Jews. The Polish people, or Poles, (Polacy) are a Western Slavic Ethnic group of Central Europe, living predominantly in Poland. This article is about the German diaspora See Germans for the German ethnicity in general PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ However, during and after the World War II years the situation changed completely, as most Ostravian Jews were killed or transported to concentration camps (on October 17, 1939 the first transport of Jews to a lager in Nisko, General Government was held in Ostrava - the first of its kind in Europe). World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including See also List of Nazi-German concentration camps, Extermination camp Prior to and during World War II, Nazi Germany under Hitler maintained Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Nisko is a town in south-eastern Poland on the San River, with 15800 inhabitants as of 2000 The General Government (Generalgouvernement refers to a part of the territories of Poland (and Ostrava Czechoslovakia under German Military occupation After World War II, Germans were expelled from Ostrava according to the Benes decrees. The expulsion of Germans after World War II was the Forced migration and Ethnic cleansing of German nationals ( Reichsdeutsche) and ethnic The Beneš decrees is a current popular term (officially they are called Decrees of the President of the Republic - dekrety presidenta republiky) for a series of Thus, the population of the city, has become a mixture of Silesians, Moravians, Czechs, Slovaks and Poles.
Due to the recent and ongoing massive restructuring of the heavy industry in the area, the unemployment rate went well above the country average - 13 % (as of 2007). Unemployment occurs when a person is available to work and currently seeking work but the person is without work. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
Industry and coal mines
Some of the largest Czech industrial companies lie in the city of Ostrava. Vítkovice (Witkowitz is an administrative district of the city of Ostrava, Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic. The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, The Vítkovice steel works, located in the suburb of the same name near the city center, concentrates on metallurgy and machine engineering. Metallurgy is a domain of Materials science that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their intermetallic compounds, and their Engineering is the Discipline and Profession of applying technical and scientific Knowledge and It was established in 1828 and nowadays, after nearly two hundred years of existence, it is undergoing a major transformation. The year 1828 ( MDCCCXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap The oldest part of the concern, called "Dolní oblast" (the "Bottom area"), was closed down and there is an ongoing debate whether this area should be preserved and opened up as an industrial open-air museum or torn down. Nová huť (the "New Steel Works", established in 1951), now belongs to the international concern Mittal Steel, is another key metallurgical combine in Ostrava. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January Mittal Steel Company NV () was the world's largest Steel producer by volume and also the largest in turnover
Contrary to the popular belief among Czechs, Ostrava is not a mining town anymore - all its mines have been closed down a short time after the Velvet revolution, due to unfavourable geological and political conditions which caused the mining to become uneconomic in the post-communist system, and also in ex-mayor Evžen Tošenovský's drive to modernize the city's industries. The " Velvet Revolution " (sametová revoluce nežná revolúcia ( November 16 &ndash December 29 1989) refers to a non-violent The last mine car with coal was retrieved from the mine Odra on the Oder river on June 30, 1994. The Oder (known in Czech and Polish as Odra) is a River in Central Europe.
Karolina
Karolina is approximately 30 hectares large area situated 500m from City's historic square. The Karolina Area was originally used for heavy industry. Heavy industry does not have a single fixed meaning as compared to Light industry. After demolition of old coking plant and clearing all area, the Karolina area can now be used for an extension of Ostrava city centre. Coke is a solid Carbonaceous material derived from Destructive distillation of low-ash low-sulfur Bituminous coal.
In late June 2006 Dutch firm Multi Development has won the tender for the development of the grounds of the former Karolina. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Company will thus be invited to sign the contract, which must be done within three months. Multi Development plan to invest 13 billion CZK (EUR 450 million).
In this new city district should be many new apartments, offices and shops. There should be also a new church, high-rise building, large park by the Ostravice River and campus university. Ostravice (Ostrawica Ostrawitza is a river in Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic. A campus university is a British term for a University situated on one site - with student accommodation teaching and research facilities and leisure activities
Culture
There are four theatres in Ostrava: Moravian-Silesian National Theatre (Národní divadlo moravskoslezské). Antonín Leopold Dvořák ( (often pronounced in English as; DVOR-zhahk; September 8 1841 – May 1 1904 was a Czech composer of Romantic music, who employed It has two buildings: Divadlo Antonína Dvořáka (named after Antonín Dvořák) and Divadlo Jiřího Myrona. Antonín Leopold Dvořák ( (often pronounced in English as; DVOR-zhahk; September 8 1841 – May 1 1904 was a Czech composer of Romantic music, who employed Further there are Petr Bezruč Theatre (named after Petr Bezruč), Komorní scéna Aréna (Chamber theatre Arena) and Divadlo loutek (Puppet theatre). Petr Bezruč (ˈpɛtr̩ ˈbɛzrutʃ was the Pseudonym of Vladimír Vašek ( ˈvaʃɛk September 15, 1867 &ndash February 17 Komorní scéna Aréna (Chamber theatre Aréna is a Theatre in Ostrava.
Universities
- VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava – Official web
- University of Ostrava – Official web
- Business School Ostrava plc – Official web
Tourist attractions
While Ostrava is usually not in the top ten list of tourist attractions of the Czech Republic, there are a number of interesting places to see and things to do there. The Technical University of Ostrava (or Vysoká škola báňská – Technická univerzita Ostrava in Czech) is University ( Polytechnics) located The University of Ostrava ( Czech Ostravská univerzita v Ostravě) is in the city of Ostrava, Moravian-Silesian Region, To the north of the city center there is the Museum of Mining (Hornické muzeum) presenting a unique collection of the coal mining machinery and equipment, a reconstruction of a mammoth hunters' settlement. A mammoth is any Species of the Extinct Genus Mammuthus. These Proboscideans are members of the elephant family and Going down the shaft to see the 250m long underground corridors and an original mining gallery from the 19th century is also part of the exhibition.
Just to the north and running west of the Museum of Mining is a fortification system known as the "Beneš Wall", a line of garrison fortifications similar to the Maginot Line. The Czechoslovak government built a system of border Fortifications, sometimes called the Beneš Wall' (said Benesh from 1935 to 1938 as defensive The Maginot Line (IPA, Ligne Maginot named after French Minister of Defense André Maginot, was a line of concrete Fortifications tank obstacles artillery The hurried construction of the line of defenses was of great concern to the German military, and after it was annex was used as testing and training for the attacks against the western fort complexes. The fort "MO-19 "Alej" next to the town of Darkovicky is mostly restored and open to the public, however the boarder region is dotted with an endless line of abandoned pillboxes and forts.
Another attraction, which is becoming more and more popular mainly among young people, is Stodolní Street (Stodolní ulice), actually a bunch of streets just next to the center, full of bars, pubs and clubs, bringing night-life to the city and thousands of visitors all year long. There are currently around 60 places to have a drink or dance on this street, each of its own style and atmosphere. There are a few bigger events at this street throughout the year, the largest of which is the Colours of Ostrava - a summer music festival hosting many musicians and groups from all over the world. A music festival is a Festival oriented towards Music that is sometimes presented with a theme such as Musical genre, Nationality or locality
The New city hall viewing tower provides visitors a panoramic view of the city and surroundings from about 72 meters of height. The New city hall of Ostrava is the largest town hall complex in the Czech Republic During clear sky conditions the Moravian-Silesian Beskids and Jeseníky mountain ranges are visible. The Moravian-Silesian Beskids ( Czech:) is a mountain range in the Czech Republic with a small part reaching to Slovakia.
The Silesian Ostrava Castle is one of the city's most historic cultural monuments. The castle was built in the eighties and nineties of the 13th century. A castle is a defensive structure seen as one of the main symbols of the Middle Ages. In 1534, the gothic castle was rebuilt into a renaissance chateau. It was restored recently after many years of dilapidation, caused by coal mining under the castle. Today, the castle is one of the most important tourist attraction of the city. It will host the Colours of Ostrava 2007 music festival this year.
You can visit a zoological garden located in Stromovka park in Slezská Ostrava. A zoological garden, shortened to zoo, is an institution in which living animals are exhibited in captivity On May 1 1960 it was opened to the public, although incomplete. Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
Sport in Ostrava
Football (soccer) teams:
Ice-hockey teams:
Athletics:
Other information
Ostrava is a sister city with these foreign towns and cities (the year the cooperation started is given in the parentheses and determines the ordering):
- Volgograd, Russia (1947)
- Coventry, United Kingdom (1957)
- Katowice, Poland (1960)
- Dresden, Germany (1971)
- Split, Croatia (1976)
- Pireus, Greece (1997)
- Košice, Slovakia (2001)
- Miskolc, Hungary (2001)
- Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA (2001)- - powiat wodzisławski, Poland (2005)
People
- Kateřina Baďurová
- Věra Chytilová
- Ota Filip
- Marek Jankulovski
- Petr Kalus
- Filip Kuba
- Ivan Lendl
- Artur London
- Marek Malík
- Luděk Mikloško
- Jaromír Nohavica
- Richard Šmehlík
- Dieter F. Uchtdorf
- Vladimír Vůjtek
Notes
External links
- City information centre
- Ostrava information server
- Ostrava's companies
- Ostrava Newspaper
- Ostrava community website
- City information center
- Zoo Ostrava official website
- Ostrava Weather Forecast
- Ostrava in photo
- Ostrava – City in Motion (official promotional video)
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