| Osnabrück | |
| Coat of arms | Location |
 |
  |
| Administration | |
| Country |  Germany |
|---|---|
| State | Lower Saxony |
| District | Urban district |
| Lord Mayor | Boris Pistorius (SPD) |
| Basic statistics | |
| Area | 119. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular Lower Saxony ( German: Niedersachsen ch is pronounced before an s --> lies in north-western Germany and is second German districts (de ''Kreise'' or de ''Landkreise'' in the states of Nordrhein-Westfalen and Schleswig-Holstein, singular de ''Kreis'' and de ''Landreis'' This is a list of urban districts in Germany. Germany is divided into 429 districts (not to be confused with the larger Regierungsbezirk) these consist The Lord Mayor is the title of the Mayor of a major city with special recognition Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 80 km² (46. 3 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 63 m (207 ft) |
| Population | 163,357 (30/06/2006) |
| - Density | 1,364 /km² (3,532 /sq mi) |
| Other information | |
| Time zone | CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) |
| Licence plate | OS |
| Postal codes | 49074–49090 |
| Area code | 0541 |
| Website | www.osnabrueck.de |
Osnabrück (IPA: [ɔsnaˈbʁʏk]) is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany, some 80 km NNE of Dortmund, 45 km NE of Münster, and some 100 km due west of Hanover. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time German car number plates ( Kfz-Kennzeichen) show the place where the car carrying them is registered __FORCETOC__ Postal codes in Germany, Postleitzahl (plural Postleitzahlen abbreviated to PLZ consist of five digits which indicate the wider area (first two digits and the see also Telephone numbering in Germany for further codes including service numbers cell phones etc A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status Lower Saxony ( German: Niedersachsen ch is pronounced before an s --> lies in north-western Germany and is second Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Dortmund (ˈdɔʁtmʊnt is a City in Germany, located in the Bundesland of North Rhine-Westphalia, in the Ruhr area. Münster ( is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located in the northern part of the state and is considered to be the cultural centre of the Hanover (i ( haˈnoːfɐ on the river Leine, is the capital of the federal state of Lower Saxony ( Niedersachsen It lies in a valley penned between the Wiehengebirge and the northern tip of the Teutoburg Forest, which is a series of parallel ridges running SE towards Bielefeld and beyond to Detmold, that makes the generally pretty area attractive to bicycle riders, amongst others. The Wiehengebirge is a low mountain range in North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony in Germany. The Teutoburg Forest (Teutoburger Wald is a range of low Forested Mountains in the German states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia Bielefeld (ˈbiːləfɛlt is a district-free town in the Regierungsbezirk Detmold in the north-east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Detmold (ˈdɛtmɔlt is a City in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, with a population of about 74000 As of June 30, 2006, its population was 163,357, making it the third largest city in Lower Saxony. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
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Name
The first part of the name, "Osna-" can be derived from the Low German words "Osse" (ox). Alternatively it can be derived from Hase, the name of the river flowing through the City. The Hase is a 193 km long River in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is a right tributary of the Ems, but part of its flow goes to the Else Undoubtedly, it is related to Osning, the old name of Teutoburg Forest. "Brück", the second part of the name, means "Bridge". The city gave name to the textile fabric of Osnaburg (remember: "-burg" means castle and in names, town). Osnaburg was a coarse type of plain Textile fabric named for the city of Osnabrück (from which it may have been first imported into English-speaking countries
History
Osnabrück developed as marketplace next to the bishop's see founded by Charlemagne, king of the Franks, 780. Charlemagne (ˈʃɑrlɨmeɪn Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus meaning Charles the Great) (747 – 28 January 814 was King of the Franks from 768 to his The Franks or Frankish people (Franci or gens Francorum) were West Germanic tribes first identified in the 3rd century as an Ethnic group Some time before 803, the city became seat of the Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück. The Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück was a Prince-bishopric centered on the Roman Catholic Diocese of Osnabrück. Also uncertain, but it makes Osnabrück the oldest bishopric in Saxony. The Free State of Saxony (Freistaat Sachsen ˈzaksən Swobodny Stat Sakska is the easternmost federal state of Germany. In the year 804 Charlemagne possibly founded the Gymnasium Carolinum (a school), which would make it the oldest Gymnasium. But the charter with the date is disputed and could be a forgery.
In 889 it was given merchant, customs, and coinage privileges by King Arnulf of Carinthia. Arnulf of Carinthia (Arnulf von Kärnten Arnulf Koroški 850 &ndash December 8 899) was the Carolingian King of East Francia from 887 It is first mentioned as a "city" in records in 1147. Shortly afterwards, in 1157, Emperor Frederick Barbarossa granted the city fortification privileges (Befestigungsrecht). Frederick I Barbarossa (1122 &ndash 10 June 1190) was elected King of Germany at Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned Most of the towers that were part of the medieval fortification are still visible in the city. Osnabrück became a member of the Hanseatic League in the 12th century, as well as a member of the Westphalian Federation of Cities. The Hanseatic League (also known as the Hansa) was an alliance of trading cities and their Guilds that established and maintained trade
The main period of witch hunting in Osnabrück was between 1561 and 1639. In the year 1582 during the reign of major Hammacher (1565-1588) 163 women were killed as alleged witches, most of them burned. During the tenure of major Dr. Pelster between 1636-1639, more than 40 women were killed as witches. In total, 276 women and 2 men were executed after a witch trial for wizardry.
In 1632 a Jesuit university was founded emanating from the Gymnasium Carlinum. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order One year later it was closed by the Swedish reign of the Prince-Bishop. A Prince-Bishop is a Bishop who is a territorial Prince of the Church on account of one or more Secular principalities usually pre-existent titles of nobility Between 1643-1648 negotiations in Münster and Osnabrück led to the Peace of Westphalia. The term Peace of Westphalia refers to the two peace treaties of Osnabrück and Münster, signed on May 15 and October 24 of
The city passed to the Electorate of Hanover in 1803 during the German Mediatisation and then briefly to the Kingdom of Prussia in 1806. The Electorate of Hanover (or more formally the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg; Kurfürstentum Hannover Kurfürstentum Braunschweig-Lüneburg became the ninth Electorate The German Mediatisation was the series of mediatisations and secularisations that occurred in Germany in 1795 &ndash 1814, during The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising It was part of the Kingdom of Westphalia from 1807-10, after which it passed to the First French Empire. The Kingdom of Westphalia was a historical state that existed from 1807 - 1813 in parts of present-day Germany. The Empire of the French (1804-1814 also known as the Empire of France, Greater French Empire, First French Empire, French Empire, or After the Napoleonic Wars, it became part of the Kingdom of Hanover in 1815. The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815 involved Napoleon's French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions The Kingdom of Hanover (Königreich Hannover was established in October of 1814 by the Congress of Vienna, with the restoration of George III to his Hanoverian Osnabrück was then annexed by Prussia in 1866 after the Austro-Prussian War and administered within the Province of Hanover. The Austro-Prussian The Province of Hanover (Provinz Hannover was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1868 to 1946 The city became part of the new state of Lower Saxony in 1946 after World War II. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including
Main sights
- Town Hall. It houses the Friedensaal, where the Peace of Westphalia was signed. The term Peace of Westphalia refers to the two peace treaties of Osnabrück and Münster, signed on May 15 and October 24 of
- St. Peter's Cathedral, founded in the 11th century. It has two façade towers, originally of the same size: in 1502-1543 the south western tower was enlarged, supposedly to make space for new cathedral bells which had been ordered and that turned out to be too large
- Heger Tor ("Heger Gate"), a monument to the soldiers from Osnabrück who died at the battle of Waterloo (1815). In the Battle of Waterloo (Sunday 18 June 1815 near Waterloo Belgium
- Bucksturm, the oldest tower in the city, and once part of the city walls. It was once used as prison for women accused of witchcraft.
- Ruwe Fountain" (1985), created for the city's 1200th birthday.
- Gladiator 2000 (1986), a gigantic painture (45 × 6 meters) by Nicolae Covaci. Nicolae (Nicu Covaci (born April 19, 1947 in Timişoara, Romania) - Romanian painter music composer best known as the leader of
Famous people
Personalities from Osnabrück include the writer Erich Maria Remarque and the painter Felix Nussbaum, for whom the city erected a very modern museum designed by Daniel Libeskind that opened in 1998. Erich Maria Remarque (Erich Paul Remark 22 June 1898 &ndash 25 September 1970) was a German author. Felix Nussbaum ( 11 December 1904 &ndash 2 August 1944) was a German Surrealist painter. Daniel Libeskind, (born May 12 1946 in Łódź, Poland) is an American Architect, Artist, and Set designer of This looks like a scaled-down version of the same architect's well-known Jewish Museum in Berlin. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. British King George I was born and raised here, and the poet and scholar Johann Ernst Hanxleden was born in Osnabrück, as was the current Prime Minister of Lower Saxony, Christian Wulff,and reggae musician Gentleman. See also Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain (Breatainn Mhòr Prydain Fawr Breten Veur Graet Breetain is the larger of the two main islands George I (George Louis German Georg Ludwig; 28 May 1660 &ndash 11 June 1727 For the first year of his life George was the only heir to his father's and three childless Johann Ernst Hanxleden (1681 at Ostercappeln, near Osnabrück, in Lower Saxony, Germany - 20 March 1732, at Palayur Lower Saxony ( German: Niedersachsen ch is pronounced before an s --> lies in north-western Germany and is second See also Christian Wolff. Christian Wulff (born June 19 1959 in Osnabrück) is a German politician Tilmann Otto ( April 19, 1975 in Osnabrück, Germany) better known by his stage name Gentleman, is a German Reggae Victory Records recording artists Waterdown, known for their catchy post-hardcore sound, are based in Osnabrück. Victory Records is a Chicago -based Record label founded by Tony Brummel This is an article about the German musical group For the township in Canada see Waterdown Ontario. Post-hardcore evolved from Hardcore punk, itself an offshoot of the broader Punk rock movement Actress Birgitta Tolksdorf, who made a name for herself in American television in the 1970s, as well as Peter van Pels, love interest of famous diarist Anne Frank, and his parents Auguste van Pels and Hermann van Pels, who would later gain fame from their roles in Anne's diary, all hailed from Osnabruck. Birgitta Tolksdorf (born December 9, 1945 in Osnabrück, Lower Saxony) is a German actress, best known in the United Peter Aron van Pels ( November 8, 1926 &ndash c May 5, 1945) was a German Jewish Refugee who hid Auguste van Pels ( September 29, 1900 - spring 1945 was a German - Jewish Refugee who hid with Anne Frank during the Hermann van Pels ( 31 March 1898 &ndashOctober 1944 was a German - Jewish Refugee who hid with Anne Frank and her family The famous German stage and screen actor Mathias Wieman (1958 recipient of the Justus-Möser-Medaille) was born and raised in the city. Mathias Wieman ( Carl Heinrich Franz Mathias Wieman) ( 23 June 1902 - 3 December The city is also hometown of well-known European politician and current European Parliament President Hans-Gert Pöttering. Hans-Gert Pöttering (often written as Poettering; born September 15, 1945 in Bersenbrück, Lower Saxony) is a German
Education
In addition to the Universität Osnabrück (University of Osnabrück) and the Fachhochschule Osnabrück (University of Applied Science), the Katholische Fachhochschule Norddeutschland (Catholic University of North Germany) has some of its faculties in the city of Osnabrück. The University of Osnabrück is a public University located in the city of Osnabrück in Lower Saxony, Germany. Also the school, The Carolinum, is the oldest school in Germany.
Transportation
The city of Osnabrück is connected by road to the A1, the A30 and the A33. is an Autobahn in Germany. It runs from Oldenburg in Holstein to Saarbrücken, a distance of 730km (456 miles but is incomplete between Cologne Exit list | Netherlands |-|colspan="3"|----|-|colspan="3"|Interrupted|-|colspan="3"|----|-|} Route The A 33 begins to the east of Osnabrück in Schinkel, crossing over the A 30 to Osnabrück Süd running through Georgsmarienhütte It shares the Münster Osnabrück International Airport together with the nearby city of Münster. The Flughafen Münster/Osnabrück, or Muenster/Osnabrueck Airport, is the 4th largest international commercial airport in North Rhine-Westphalia Münster ( is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located in the northern part of the state and is considered to be the cultural centre of the
The "Hauptbahnhof" (Main Station) of Osnabrück is an important railway station. Travellers from the Netherlands heading for either Hamburg and Denmark, or Berlin and Eastern Europe, often have to change here. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Hamburg (English, German: ˈhambʊɐk local pronunciation Low German / Low Saxon: Hamborg) is the second-largest city in Germany The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany.
An extensive bus service operated by Stadtwerke Osnabrück provides transportation within Osnabrück and the surrounding region. [1] The primary bus center is located at the Neumarkt shopping area, a short distance from the train station.
Districts of Osnabrück
The city is divided into 23 districts:
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Name
The origin of the name Osnabrück is disputed. The suffix -brück suggests a bridge over or to something (from German Brücke = bridge) but the prefix Osna- is explained in at least two different ways: the traditional explanation is that today's name is a corruption of Ochsenbrücke (meaning "ox' bridge") but others say that it is derived from the name of the Hase River which again is argued to be derived from Asen (Æsir), giving Osnabrück the meaning Bridge to the Gods. In Old Norse, áss (or ǫ́ss ás, plural æsir, feminine ásynja, feminine plural ásynjur) is the term denoting one of the principal [1] The pronunciation of the city's name can also serve as a means of telling if one is a native of Osnabrück or a visitor: most people from Osnabrück stress the last syllable while most people from elsewhere stress the first one.
Notable residents
- Erich Maria Remarque, famous writer
- Gentleman (musician), a successful Reggae musician
- Heinrich Abeken, German theologian and Prussian Privy Legation Councillor in the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs in Berlin
- Felix Nussbaum, known mostly for his surrealist paintings
- Christian Wulff, Minister-President of Lower Saxony
- Hans Gert Pöttering, President of the European Parliament
- Mathias Wieman, famous actor. Erich Maria Remarque (Erich Paul Remark 22 June 1898 &ndash 25 September 1970) was a German author. Tilmann Otto ( April 19, 1975 in Osnabrück, Germany) better known by his stage name Gentleman, is a German Reggae Heinrich Abeken ( August 19 1809 &ndash August 8 1872) German theologian and Prussian Privy Legation Councillor in the Felix Nussbaum ( 11 December 1904 &ndash 2 August 1944) was a German Surrealist painter. See also Christian Wolff. Christian Wulff (born June 19 1959 in Osnabrück) is a German politician A minister-president (Ministerpräsident is the Head of government in a number of European countries or subnational governments who presides over the council of ministers Lower Saxony ( German: Niedersachsen ch is pronounced before an s --> lies in north-western Germany and is second Hans-Gert Pöttering (often written as Poettering; born September 15, 1945 in Bersenbrück, Lower Saxony) is a German The President of the European Parliament presides over the debates and activities of the European Parliament. Mathias Wieman ( Carl Heinrich Franz Mathias Wieman) ( 23 June 1902 - 3 December
Twin cities
Haarlem, Netherlands, since 1961
Angers, France, since 1964
Gmünd, Austria, since 1971 (friendship link)
Derby, United Kingdom, since 1976- Greifswald, Germany, since 1988
Tver, Russian Federation, since 1991
Evansville, Indiana, United States, since 1991 (friendship link)
Kwangmyong, Korea, since 1997 (friendship link)
Çanakkale, Turkey, since 2004
Vila Real, Portugal, since 2005
Hefei, China, since 2006 (friendship link)
Osnabrück is the only town in Germany that exchanges envoys with its twin cities. in the past usually Harlem in English is a city in the Netherlands. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Angers is a city in the Maine-et-Loire department in northwestern France about 300 km south-west of Paris. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Gmünd is a Town and municipality in Spittal an der Drau District, Carinthia, Austria. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich Derby (pronounced "dar-bee" /dˈɑːbɪ/ is a city in the East Midlands of England. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Greifswald (ˈɡʁaɪ̯fsvalt from German: popular etymology Greif, "griffin" proper etymology akin to "grip a plot not yet cleared and taken Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Tver (Тверь is a city in Russia, the administrative center of Tver Oblast. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Evansville (ˈɛvənzˌvɪl is the third-largest city in the U The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. Çanakkale (ʧɑˈnɑkːɑle is a town and seaport in Turkey, in Çanakkale Province, on the southern (Asian coast of the Dardanelles (or Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Vila Real (ˈvilɐ ʁiˈaɫ is a town and a municipality, seat of the District of Vila Real, in Norte region, Portugal. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Hefei ( literally "Junction of the (South Fei Rivers " former names Ho-fei Luzhou Luchow is a Prefecture-level city and the provincial capital of China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National There are currently envoys from Derby, Angers, Haarlem, Çanakkale and Tver working in Osnabrück and envoys from Osnabrück are working in Derby, Angers and Çanakkale.
External links
- Osnabrueck.de Official website (German)
- City Panoramas
- Photo of the historic Town Hall
- Remarque centre (English) (German)
- University of Osnabrück (German) (German)
References
- Gerd Steinwascher (editor): Geschichte der Stadt Osnabrück Meinders & Elstermann, Belm 2006, ISBN 3-8892-6007-1
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