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For other uses, see Osceola (disambiguation).
Osceola by George Catlin
Osceola by George Catlin

Osceola (1804 – January 20, 1838) was a war chief of the Seminole in Florida. George Catlin ( July 26, 1796 &ndash December 23, 1872) was an American painter, author and traveler who specialized in Year 1804 ( MDCCCIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1838 ( MDCCCXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common The Seminole are a Native American people originally of Florida and now residing in Florida and Oklahoma. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the Osceola led a small band of warriors (never more than 100) in the Seminole resistance during the Second Seminole War when the United States tried to remove the Seminoles from their lands. The Second Seminole War, also known as the Florida War, was a conflict from 1835 to 1842 in Florida between various groups of Native Americans collectively The United States of America —commonly referred to as the He exercised a great deal of influence on Micanopy, the highest ranking chief of the Seminoles. Micanopy (c 1780 &ndash January 2, 1849) also known as Micco-Nuppe, Michenopah, [1]

Contents

Birth and early life

Osceola was born in 1804 in the village of Tallassee, Alabama around current Macon County. For the Overhill Cherokee village in Tennessee see Tallassee (Cherokee town. Macon County is a county in the US state of Alabama. Its name is in honor of Nathaniel Macon a member of the United States Senate from His mother Polly Coppinger was daughter of Ann McQueen who was part Muscokgee. Many sources state that Osceola's father was an English trader, William Powell, but others claim that Osceola's father was a Creek who died soon after Osceola's birth, and that William Powell married Osceola's mother afterwards. The English people (from the adjective in Englisc) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to England who predominantly speak English As a result of the association with William Powell, some contemporary whites persisted in calling the young man Billy Powell. Osceola claimed to be a full-blood Muscogee. Genealogical testing of what is believed to be Osceola's hair suggests he was of mixed ancestry. A genealogical DNA test examines the Nucleotides at specific locations on a person's DNA for Genetic genealogy purposes [1] It should be noted that Osceola's mixed white ancestry would have been an anomaly at the time because, as a rule, the Seminoles strictly forbade intermarriage with whites. [2] Osceola's great grandfather James McQueen was the earliest white man to trade with the Creeks in Alabama in 1714 and remained there as trader and Native American leader the next 80+ years. James McQueen's daughter Ann married Jose Coppinger and their daughter Polly was the mother of Osceola.

In 1814 Osceola and his mother moved to Florida alongside other Creeks. In adulthood he received his name; Osceola (pronounced /ˌɒsiːˈoʊlə/ or /ˌoʊseɪˈoʊlə/) is an anglicised form of the Creek asi-yahola (pronounced [asːi jahoːla]); the combination of asi, the ceremonial black drink made from the yaupon holly, and yahola, meaning cry or cryer. The Creek language, also known as Muscogee ( Mvskoke in Creek is a Muskogean language spoken by the Muscogee (Creek Nation and Seminole Black drink (sometimes known as white drink because of its connection to purification) was the name given by colonists to a ritual beverage called Asi, brewed by Ilex vomitoria ( Yaupon Holly, Yaupon, or Cassina; the latter shared with Ilex cassine) is a species of Holly [3]

Captured by deceit

On October 21, 1837, on the orders of U. Events 1512 - Martin Luther joins the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg. Year 1837 ( MDCCCXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common S. General Thomas Sidney Jesup, Osceola was captured when he arrived for supposed truce negotiations in Fort Payton. Thomas Sidney Jesup ( December 16 1788 – June 10 1860) was an American military officer known as the "Father of the Modern He was imprisoned at Fort Marion, St. Augustine, Florida. The Castillo de San Marcos is a Spanish built Fort located in the city of St St Augustine is the County seat of St Johns County, Florida, in the United States. Osceola's capture by deceit caused uproar even among the white population and General Jesup was publicly condemned. Opponents of the contemporary administration cited it as a black mark against the government. The next December, Osceola and other Seminole prisoners were moved to Fort Moultrie, South Carolina. Fort Moultrie is the name of a series of forts on Sullivan's Island South Carolina, built South Carolina ( is a state in the southern region ( Deep South) of the United States of America. There painter George Catlin met him and persuaded him to pose for him for two paintings. George Catlin ( July 26, 1796 &ndash December 23, 1872) was an American painter, author and traveler who specialized in Robert J. Curtis painted an oil portrait of him. These pictures inspired a number of other prints, engravings, and even cigar store figures. The cigar store Indian or wooden Indian is an old advertisement figure made to represent Cigar shops much like Barber poles advertise Barber Afterwards numerous landmarks, including Osceola Counties in Florida, Iowa, and Michigan, have been named after him, along with Florida's Osceola National Forest. Osceola County is the name of three counties in the United States Osceola County Florida Osceola County Iowa Osceola Osceola National Forest is an American National Forest located in Florida. Osceola died of malaria on January 20, 1838, less than three months after his capture, and was buried with military honors. Malaria is a vector -borne Infectious disease caused by Protozoan Parasites It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions including Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1838 ( MDCCCXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common

A tile painting of Osceola This image has an uncertain copyright status and is pending deletion. You can comment on the removal.
A tile painting of Osceola
This image has an uncertain copyright status and is pending deletion. You can comment on the removal.

Relics of Osceola

After his death, army doctor Frederick Weedon removed Osceola's head and embalmed it. Embalming, in most modern Cultures is the Art and Science of temporarily preserving human remains to forestall Decomposition He also persuaded other Seminoles to allow him to make a death mask and kept a number of objects Osceola had given him. In Western cultures a death mask is a Wax or Plaster cast made of a person's face following Death. Captain Pitcairn Morrison took the mask alongside other objects that had belonged to Osceola and sent it to an army officer in Washington. By 1885, it ended up in the anthropology collection of the Smithsonian Institution, where it currently remains. The Smithsonian Institution (smɪθsoʊnɪən is an educational and research institute and associated Museum complex administered and funded by the Government of Later, Weedon gave the head to his son-in-law Daniel Whitehurst who, in 1843, sent it to Valentine Mott, a New York physician. Valentine Mott ( August 20, 1785 - April 26, 1865) American surgeon, was born at Glen Cove New York. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Mott placed it in his Surgical and Pathological Museum. It was presumably lost when a fire destroyed the museum in 1866.

In 1966, Miami businessman Otis W. Shriver claimed he had dug up Osceola's grave and put his bones in a bank vault in order to rebury them at a tourist trap in the Rainbow Springs. Tourist Trap is a 1979 Horror film directed by David Schmoeller, revolving around a group of friends who wind up stranded at Mr Rainbow Springs is a first-magnitude Artesian spring formation in Marion County Florida, USA, several miles north of the city of Dunnellon Florida Shriver traveled around the state in 1967 to gather support for his project. Archaeologists later proved that Shriver had dug up animal remains - Osceola's body was still in its coffin. Some of Osceola's belongings still remain in the possession of the Weedon family, while others have disappeared. The Seminole Nation bought Osceola's bandolier and other personal items from a Sotheby's auction in 1979. The Seminole are a Native American people originally of Florida and now residing in Florida and Oklahoma. A bandolier or a bandoleer is a pocketed belt for holding Ammunition. Sotheby's ( is the world's second oldest Auction house in continuous operation (the oldest being Stockholms Auktionsverk founded in 1674 There are also forged items and claims of an intact head.

Osceola. (1838 lithograph)
Osceola. (1838 lithograph)

In literature

Osceola's story is told in a number of literary works:

In film

Trivia

In the pilot episode of the short-lived science fiction television series Freakylinks, the characters investigate the purchase of Osceola's severed head on the black market. FreakyLinks was an American Television show that combined elements of horror, mystery, and Comedy. The head supposedly has supernatural powers, causing bad luck for whoever possesses it.

The song "Seminole Wind" by John Anderson makes mention of hearing the ghost of Osceola when he is in the Everglades.

References

  1. ^ a b Osceola, the Man and the Myths - URL retrieved January 11, 2007
  2. ^ The Seminole Women of Florida by Mary Barr Munroe p. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. 27 par. 4
  3. ^ The Florida Memory Project - Osceola - URL retrieved January 27, 2007hguidijris8ay8s8d7y

    Resistance and war leader

    Osceola, stabbing the treaty with his dagger This image has an uncertain copyright status and is pending deletion. You can comment on the removal.
    Osceola, stabbing the treaty with his dagger
    This image has an uncertain copyright status and is pending deletion. Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. You can comment on the removal.
    In 1832, a few Seminole chiefs signed the Treaty of Payne's Landing, where they agreed to give up their Florida lands in exchange for lands west of the Mississippi River. The Treaty of Payne's Landing (Treaty with the Seminole 1832 was an agreement signed on 9 May 1832 between the government of the United States and several The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to Five of the most important of the Seminole chiefs, including Micanopy of the Alachua Seminoles, had not agreed to the move. In retaliation, Native American agent Wiley Thompson declared that those chiefs were removed from their positions. Wiley Thompson ( September 23, 1781 - December 28, 1835) was a United States Representative from Georgia. As relations with the Seminoles deteriorated, Thompson forbid the sale of guns and ammunition to the Seminoles. Osceola, a young warrior beginning to be noticed by the whites, was particularly upset by the ban, feeling that it equated Seminoles with slaves. Osceola's wife was a Black woman, and he fiercely opposed the enslavement of free peoples till the end of his life. (Katz 1986) In spite of this, Thompson considered Osceola to be a friend, and gave him a rifle. Later, though, when Osceola was causing trouble, Thompson had him locked up at Fort King for a night. Fort King (also known as Camp King or Cantonment King) was a United States Military Fort in north central Florida. The next day, in order to secure his release, Osceola agreed to abide by the Treaty of Payne's Landing and to bring his followers in. On December 28, 1835 Osceola and his followers shot and killed from ambush Wiley Thompson and six others outside of Fort King. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of Year 1835 ( MDCCCXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common <ref>Missall, John and Mary Lou Missall. 2004. The Seminole Wars: America's Longest Indian Conflict. University Press of Florida. ISBN 0-8130-2715-2. Pp. 90-91, 95-97. </li></ol></ref>
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