Organic reactions are chemical reactions involving organic compounds. A chemical reaction is a process that always results in the interconversion of Chemical substances The substance or substances initially involved in a chemical reaction are called An organic compound is any member of a large class of Chemical compounds whose Molecules contain Carbon. [1] The basic organic chemistry reaction types are addition reactions, elimination reactions, substitution reactions, pericyclic reactions, rearrangement reactions and redox reactions. Organic chemistry is a discipline within Chemistry which involves the scientific study of the structure properties composition reactions, and preparation An addition reaction, in Chemistry, is in its simplest terms an Organic reaction where two or more molecules combine to form a larger one An elimination reaction is a type of Organic reaction in which two Substituents are removed from a molecule in either a one or two-step mechanism. In a substitution reaction, a Functional group in a particular Chemical compound is replaced by another group In Organic chemistry, a pericyclic reaction is a type of Organic reaction wherein the Transition state of the molecule has a cyclic geometry and the reaction A rearrangement reaction is a broad class of Organic reactions where the carbon skeleton of a Molecule is rearranged to give a Structural isomer of the original Organic reductions or organic oxidations or organic redox reactions are Redox reactions that take place with Organic compounds In Organic In organic synthesis, organic reactions are used in the construction of new organic molecules. Organic synthesis is a special branch of Chemical synthesis and is concerned with the construction of Organic compounds via Organic reactions Organic The production of many man-made chemicals such as drugs, plastics, food additives, fabrics depend on organic reactions.
The oldest organic reactions are combustion of organic fuels and saponification of fats to make soap. Combustion or burning is a complex sequence of Exothermic chemical reactions between a Fuel and an Oxidant accompanied by the production of Saponification is the Hydrolysis of an Ester under basic conditions to form an Alcohol and the Salt of a Carboxylic acid Modern organic chemistry starts with the Wöhler synthesis in 1828. Organic chemistry is a discipline within Chemistry which involves the scientific study of the structure properties composition reactions, and preparation The Wöhler synthesis is the conversion of Ammonium Cyanate into Urea. In the history of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry awards have been given for the invention of specific organic reactions such as the Grignard reaction in 1912, the Diels-Alder reaction in 1950, the Wittig reaction in 1979 and olefin metathesis in 2005. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of Chemistry. The Grignard reaction, named for the French chemist François Auguste Victor Grignard, is an organometallic Chemical reaction in which Alkyl - The Diels-Alder reaction is an Organic chemical reaction (specifically a Cycloaddition) between a conjugated Diene and a substituted Alkene, The Wittig reaction is a Chemical reaction of an Aldehyde or Ketone with a triphenyl phosphonium ylide (often called a Wittig reagent Olefin metathesis or transalkylidenation is an Organic reaction that entails redistribution of alkylene fragments by the scission of carbon - carbon double bonds
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Classifications
Organic chemistry has a strong tradition of naming a specific reaction to its inventor or inventors and a long list of so-called named reactions exists, conservatively estimated at 1000. This page aims to list well-known reactions and Reagents in Organic chemistry. A very old named reaction is the Claisen rearrangement (1912) and a recent named reaction is the Bingel reaction (1993). The Claisen rearrangement is a powerful Carbon -carbon bond -forming Chemical reaction discovered by Rainer Ludwig Claisen. The Bingel reaction in Fullerene chemistry is a Fullerene cyclopropanation reaction to a methanofullerene first discovered by C When the named reaction is difficult to pronounce or very long as in the Corey-House-Posner-Whitesides reaction it helps to use the abbreviation as in the CBS reduction. The Corey-House synthesis (also called the Corey-House-Posner-Whitesides reaction) is an Organic reaction that involves the reaction of a Lithium dialkyl The CBS reduction, in full the Corey-Bakshi-Shibata reduction, is an Organic reaction which transforms Ketones Enantioselectively into Alcohols The number of reactions hinting at the actual process taking place is much smaller, for example the ene reaction or aldol reaction. The Ene reaction (also known as the Alder-ene reaction) is a Chemical reaction between an Alkene with an Allylic Hydrogen (the The aldol reaction is an important Carbon-carbon bond formation reaction in Organic chemistry.
Another approach to organic reactions is by type of organic reagent, many of them inorganic, required in a specific transformation. A reagent or reactant is a substance or compound consumed during a Chemical reaction. Traditionally inorganic compounds are considered to be of mineral not biological origin The major types are oxidizing agents such as osmium tetroxide, reducing agents such as Lithium aluminium hydride, bases such as lithium diisopropylamide and acids such as sulfuric acid. An oxidizing agent or oxidising agent (also called an oxidant, oxidizer or oxidiser) can be defined as either a Chemical compound Osmium tetroxide is the Chemical compound with the formula OsO4 A reducing agent (also called a reductant or reducer) is the element or a compound in a Redox (reduction-oxidation reaction (see Electrochemistry Lithium aluminium hydride ( Li[[Aluminium Al]] H4) commonly abbreviated to LAH, is a Reducing agent used in Organic synthesis In Chemistry, a base is most commonly thought of as an aqueous substance that can accept Protons This refers to the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and Lithium diisopropylamide is the Chemical compound with the formula 2NLi In Computer science, ACID ( Atomicity Consistency Isolation Durability) is a set of properties that guarantee that Database transactions are Sulfuric (or sulphuric acid, H 2 S[[oxygen O]]4 is a strong Mineral acid.
Fundamentals
Factors governing organic reactions are essentially the same as that of any chemical reaction. A chemical reaction is a process that always results in the interconversion of Chemical substances The substance or substances initially involved in a chemical reaction are called Factors specific to organic reactions are those that determine the stability of reactants and products such as conjugation, hyperconjugation and aromaticity and the presence and stability of reactive intermediates such as free radicals, carbocations and carbanions. A chemically conjugated system is a system of atoms Covalently bonded with alternating single and multiple (e Hyperconjugation in Organic chemistry is the stabilizing interaction that results from the interaction of the Electrons in a Sigma bond (usually C-H or A reaction intermediate or an intermediate is a Molecular entity that is formed from the reactants (or preceding intermediates and reacts further to give the directly In Chemistry, radicals (often referred to as free radicals) are atoms molecules or ions with Unpaired electrons on an otherwise Open shell A carbocation (ˌkɑrboʊˈkætaɪɒn is an Ion with a positively-charged Carbon Atom. A carbanion is an Anion in which Carbon has an unshared pair of Electrons and bears a negative charge usually with three substituents for a total of eight
An organic compound may consist of many isomers. This article is about the chemical concept For "isomerism" of atomic nuclei see Nuclear isomer. Selectivity in terms of regioselectivity, diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity is therefore an important criterion for many organic reactions. In Chemistry, regioselectivity is the preference of one direction of Chemical bond making or breaking over all other possible directions. Erythro redirects here For the fictional planet see Erythro (Asimov. In Chemistry, an enantiomer ( from the Greek ἐνάντιος opposite and μέρος part or portion is one of two Stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable The stereochemistry of pericyclic reactions is governed by the Woodward-Hoffmann rules and that of many elimination reactions by the Zaitsev's rule. Stereochemistry, a subdiscipline of Chemistry, involves the study of the relative spatial arrangement of Atoms within Molecules An important branch In Organic chemistry, a pericyclic reaction is a type of Organic reaction wherein the Transition state of the molecule has a cyclic geometry and the reaction An elimination reaction is a type of Organic reaction in which two Substituents are removed from a molecule in either a one or two-step mechanism. In Chemistry, Zaitsev's rule, Saytzeff's rule or Saytsev's rule named after Alexander Mikhailovich Zaitsev (number of different spellings due
Organic reactions are important in the production of pharmaceuticals. Medication, also referred to as medicine, can be loosely defined as any substance intended for use in the diagnosis cure mitigation treatment or prevention of disease In a 2006 review [2] it was estimated that 20% of chemical conversions involved alkylations on nitrogen and oxygen atoms, another 20% involved placement and removal of protective groups, 11% involved formation of new carbon-carbon bond and 10% involved functional group interconversions. Alkylation is the transfer of an Alkyl group from one Molecule to another A protecting group or protective group is introduced into a molecule by chemical modification of a Functional group in order to obtain Chemoselectivity A carbon-carbon bond is a Covalent bond between two Carbon Atoms. In Organic chemistry, functional groups are specific groups of Atoms within Molecules that are responsible for the characteristic Chemical reactions
Organic reactions by mechanism
There is no limit to the number of possible organic reactions and mechanisms. However, certain general patterns are observed that can be used to describe many common or useful reactions. Each reaction has a stepwise reaction mechanism that explains how it happens, although this detailed description of steps is not always clear from a list of reactants alone. Chemistry, a reaction mechanism is the step by step Sequence of Elementary reactions by which overall Chemical change occurs. Organic reactions can be organized into several basic types. Some reactions fit into more than one category. For example, some substitution reactions follow an addition-elimination pathway. This overview isn't intended to include every single organic reaction. Rather, it is intended to cover the basic reactions.
- Addition reactions include such reactions as halogenation, hydrohalogenation and hydration. An addition reaction, in Chemistry, is in its simplest terms an Organic reaction where two or more molecules combine to form a larger one "Fluorination" redirects here For the addition of fluoride to drinking water see Water fluoridation. A hydrohalogenation reaction is the Electrophilic addition of Hydrohalic acids like Hydrogen chloride or Hydrogen bromide to Alkenes The main addition reactions are:
- electrophilic addition or EA
- nucleophilic addition or NA
- radical addition or RA
- Elimination reactions include processes such as dehydration and are found to follow an E1, E2 or E1cB reaction mechanism
- Substitution reactions are divided into:
- nucleophilic aliphatic substitution with SN1, SN2 and SNi reaction mechanisms
- nucleophilic aromatic substitution or NAS
- nucleophilic acyl substitution
- electrophilic substitution or ES
- electrophilic aromatic substitution or EAS
- radical substitution or RS
- Organic redox reactions are redox reactions specific to organic compounds and are very common. In Organic chemistry, an electrophilic addition reaction is an Addition reaction where in a Chemical compound, a Pi bond is removed by the creation In Organic chemistry, a nucleophilic addition reaction is an Addition reaction where in a Chemical compound a π bond is removed by the creation Free radical addition is an Addition reaction in Organic chemistry involving Free radicals. An elimination reaction is a type of Organic reaction in which two Substituents are removed from a molecule in either a one or two-step mechanism. In Chemistry, a dehydration reaction is usually defined as a chemical reaction that involves the loss of water from the reacting molecule E1cB elimination reaction is a special type of Elimination reaction in Organic chemistry. Chemistry, a reaction mechanism is the step by step Sequence of Elementary reactions by which overall Chemical change occurs. In a substitution reaction, a Functional group in a particular Chemical compound is replaced by another group In organic and Inorganic chemistry, nucleophilic substitution is a fundamental class of Substitution reaction in which an "electron rich" The SN1 reaction is a Substitution reaction in Organic chemistry. The SN2 reaction (also known as bimolecular nucleophilic substitution) is a type of Nucleophilic substitution, where a lone pair from a Nucleophile SNi or Substitution Nucleophilic internal stands for a specific but not often encountered nucleophilic aliphatic substitution Reaction mechanism Chemistry, a reaction mechanism is the step by step Sequence of Elementary reactions by which overall Chemical change occurs. nucleophilic aromatic substitution is a Substitution reaction in Organic chemistry in which the Nucleophile displaces a good Leaving group, Nucleophilic acyl substitution describes the Substitution reaction involving Nucleophiles and Acyl compounds Electrophilic substitution reactions are chemical reactions in which an Electrophile displaces another group typically but not always Hydrogen. Electrophilic aromatic substitution or EAS is an Organic reaction in which an atom usually Hydrogen, appended to an aromatic system is replaced In Organic chemistry, a radical substitution reaction is a Substitution reaction involving free radicals as a Reactive intermediate. Organic reductions or organic oxidations or organic redox reactions are Redox reactions that take place with Organic compounds In Organic Redox (shorthand for reduction-oxidation reaction describes all Chemical reactions in which atoms have their Oxidation number ( Oxidation state An organic compound is any member of a large class of Chemical compounds whose Molecules contain Carbon.
- Rearrangement reactions are divided into:
- 1,2-rearrangements
- pericyclic reactions
- metathesis
In Condensation reactions a small molecule, usually water, is split off when two reactants combine in a chemical reaction. A rearrangement reaction is a broad class of Organic reactions where the carbon skeleton of a Molecule is rearranged to give a Structural isomer of the original In Organic chemistry, a pericyclic reaction is a type of Organic reaction wherein the Transition state of the molecule has a cyclic geometry and the reaction Olefin metathesis or transalkylidenation is an Organic reaction that entails redistribution of alkylene fragments by the scission of carbon - carbon double bonds A condensation reaction is a Chemical reaction in which two Molecules or moieties ( Functional groups) combine to form one single molecule together with Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life. A reagent or reactant is a substance or compound consumed during a Chemical reaction. The opposite reaction, when water is consumed in a reaction, is called hydrolysis. Hydrolysis is a Chemical reaction during which one or more water molecules are split into hydrogen and hydroxide ions which may go on to participate in further reactions Many Polymerization reactions are derived from organic reactions. In Polymer chemistry, polymerization is a process of reacting Monomer Molecules together in a Chemical reaction to form three-dimensional networks They are divided into addition polymerizations and step-growth polymerizations. Addition polymerisation, also called polyaddition or chain growth polymerization, is a Polymerisation technique where unsaturated Monomer Step-growth polymerization is a Polymerization process that involves a Chemical reaction between multifunctional Monomer molecules
Organic reactions by functional groups
Organic reactions can be categorized based on the type of functional group involved in the reaction as a reactant and the functional group that is formed as a result of this reaction. An acyl halide (also known as an acid halide) is a Chemical compound derived from an Oxoacid by replacing a Hydroxyl group with a An acyl halide (also known as an acid halide) is a Chemical compound derived from an Oxoacid by replacing a Hydroxyl group with a An acyl halide (also known as an acid halide) is a Chemical compound derived from an Oxoacid by replacing a Hydroxyl group with a An aldehyde is an organic compound containing a terminal Carbonyl group. An aldehyde is an organic compound containing a terminal Carbonyl group. An aldehyde is an organic compound containing a terminal Carbonyl group. Acyloins are a class of Organic compounds in Organic chemistry sharing a common Functional group consisting of a Hydroxyl group placed on the Acyloins are a class of Organic compounds in Organic chemistry sharing a common Functional group consisting of a Hydroxyl group placed on the Acyloins are a class of Organic compounds in Organic chemistry sharing a common Functional group consisting of a Hydroxyl group placed on the Alkanes, also known as Paraffins are Chemical compounds that consist only of the elements Carbon (C and Hydrogen (H (i Alkanes, also known as Paraffins are Chemical compounds that consist only of the elements Carbon (C and Hydrogen (H (i Alkanes, also known as Paraffins are Chemical compounds that consist only of the elements Carbon (C and Hydrogen (H (i In Organic chemistry, an alkene, olefin, or olefine is an unsaturated Chemical compound containing at least one Carbon In Organic chemistry, an alkene, olefin, or olefine is an unsaturated Chemical compound containing at least one Carbon In Organic chemistry, an alkene, olefin, or olefine is an unsaturated Chemical compound containing at least one Carbon Alkynes are Hydrocarbons that have at least one Triple bond between two Carbon atoms with the formula CnH2n-2. Alkynes are Hydrocarbons that have at least one Triple bond between two Carbon atoms with the formula CnH2n-2. Alkynes are Hydrocarbons that have at least one Triple bond between two Carbon atoms with the formula CnH2n-2. The haloalkanes (also known as halogenoalkanes or alkyl halides) are a group of Chemical compounds consisting of Alkanes such as Methane The haloalkanes (also known as halogenoalkanes or alkyl halides) are a group of Chemical compounds consisting of Alkanes such as Methane The haloalkanes (also known as halogenoalkanes or alkyl halides) are a group of Chemical compounds consisting of Alkanes such as Methane In Chemistry, an alcohol is any Organic compound in which a Hydroxyl group ( - O[[hydrogen H]]) is bound to a Carbon In Chemistry, an alcohol is any Organic compound in which a Hydroxyl group ( - O[[hydrogen H]]) is bound to a Carbon In Chemistry, an alcohol is any Organic compound in which a Hydroxyl group ( - O[[hydrogen H]]) is bound to a Carbon Azide is the anion with the formula N3− It is the Conjugate base of Hydrazoic acid. Azide is the anion with the formula N3− It is the Conjugate base of Hydrazoic acid. Azide is the anion with the formula N3− It is the Conjugate base of Hydrazoic acid. Aziridines are a group of Organic compounds sharing the aziridine Functional group which is a three membered Heterocycle with one Amine group Aziridines are a group of Organic compounds sharing the aziridine Functional group which is a three membered Heterocycle with one Amine group Aziridines are a group of Organic compounds sharing the aziridine Functional group which is a three membered Heterocycle with one Amine group In Chemistry, an amide is one of three kinds of Compounds (sometimes called acid amide the organic Functional group characterized In Chemistry, an amide is one of three kinds of Compounds (sometimes called acid amide the organic Functional group characterized In Chemistry, an amide is one of three kinds of Compounds (sometimes called acid amide the organic Functional group characterized Amines are Organic compounds and Functional groups that contain a basic Nitrogen Atom with a Lone pair. Amines are Organic compounds and Functional groups that contain a basic Nitrogen Atom with a Lone pair. Amines are Organic compounds and Functional groups that contain a basic Nitrogen Atom with a Lone pair. Carboxylic acids are Organic acids characterized by the presence of a Carboxyl group, which has the formula -C(=OOH usually written -COOH or -CO2H Carboxylic acids are Organic acids characterized by the presence of a Carboxyl group, which has the formula -C(=OOH usually written -COOH or -CO2H Carboxylic acids are Organic acids characterized by the presence of a Carboxyl group, which has the formula -C(=OOH usually written -COOH or -CO2H Cyclopropane is a Cycloalkane Molecule with the molecular formula C3H6 consisting of three Carbon Atoms linked to Cyclopropane is a Cycloalkane Molecule with the molecular formula C3H6 consisting of three Carbon Atoms linked to Cyclopropane is a Cycloalkane Molecule with the molecular formula C3H6 consisting of three Carbon Atoms linked to A diol or glycol is a Chemical compound containing two Hydroxyl groups (-OH groups Vicinal diols have hydroxyl groups attached to adjacent atoms A diol or glycol is a Chemical compound containing two Hydroxyl groups (-OH groups Vicinal diols have hydroxyl groups attached to adjacent atoms A diol or glycol is a Chemical compound containing two Hydroxyl groups (-OH groups Vicinal diols have hydroxyl groups attached to adjacent atoms Esters are a class of Chemical compounds and Functional groups Esters consist of an inorganic or organic Acid in which at least Esters are a class of Chemical compounds and Functional groups Esters consist of an inorganic or organic Acid in which at least Esters are a class of Chemical compounds and Functional groups Esters consist of an inorganic or organic Acid in which at least Ether is a class of Organic compounds which contain an ether group — an Oxygen Atom connected to two (substituted Alkyl Ether is a class of Organic compounds which contain an ether group — an Oxygen Atom connected to two (substituted Alkyl Ether is a class of Organic compounds which contain an ether group — an Oxygen Atom connected to two (substituted Alkyl An epoxide is a cyclic Ether with only three ring atoms This ring approximately is an Equilateral triangle, i An epoxide is a cyclic Ether with only three ring atoms This ring approximately is an Equilateral triangle, i An epoxide is a cyclic Ether with only three ring atoms This ring approximately is an Equilateral triangle, i A haloketone in Organic chemistry is a Functional group consisting of a Ketone group or more general a Carbonyl group with a α- Halogen A haloketone in Organic chemistry is a Functional group consisting of a Ketone group or more general a Carbonyl group with a α- Halogen A haloketone in Organic chemistry is a Functional group consisting of a Ketone group or more general a Carbonyl group with a α- Halogen An imine is a Functional group or Chemical compound containing a Carbon – Nitrogen Double bond. An imine is a Functional group or Chemical compound containing a Carbon – Nitrogen Double bond. An imine is a Functional group or Chemical compound containing a Carbon – Nitrogen Double bond. Isocyanate is the Functional group of atoms &ndashN=C=O (1 Nitrogen, 1 Carbon, 1 Oxygen) not to be confused with the Cyanate Isocyanate is the Functional group of atoms &ndashN=C=O (1 Nitrogen, 1 Carbon, 1 Oxygen) not to be confused with the Cyanate Isocyanate is the Functional group of atoms &ndashN=C=O (1 Nitrogen, 1 Carbon, 1 Oxygen) not to be confused with the Cyanate A ketone (pronounced as key tone) is either the Functional group characterized by a Carbonyl group (O=C linked to two other Carbon atoms or A ketone (pronounced as key tone) is either the Functional group characterized by a Carbonyl group (O=C linked to two other Carbon atoms or A ketone (pronounced as key tone) is either the Functional group characterized by a Carbonyl group (O=C linked to two other Carbon atoms or A lactam (the noun is a Portmanteau of the words Lactone + Amide) is a cyclic Amide. A lactam (the noun is a Portmanteau of the words Lactone + Amide) is a cyclic Amide. A lactam (the noun is a Portmanteau of the words Lactone + Amide) is a cyclic Amide. A nitrile is any Organic compound which has a - C ≡ N Functional group. A nitrile is any Organic compound which has a - C ≡ N Functional group. A nitrile is any Organic compound which has a - C ≡ N Functional group. Alkyl nitrites are Chemical compounds of structure R-ONO Formally they are Alkyl Esters of Nitrous acid. Alkyl nitrites are Chemical compounds of structure R-ONO Formally they are Alkyl Esters of Nitrous acid. Alkyl nitrites are Chemical compounds of structure R-ONO Formally they are Alkyl Esters of Nitrous acid. Phenol, is a toxic colourless Crystalline Solid with a sweet tarry odor commonly referred to as a "hospital smell" In Organic chemistry, phenols, sometimes called phenolics, are a class of Chemical compounds consisting of a Hydroxyl group (- In Organic chemistry, phenols, sometimes called phenolics, are a class of Chemical compounds consisting of a Hydroxyl group (- In Organic chemistry, functional groups are specific groups of Atoms within Molecules that are responsible for the characteristic Chemical reactions For example in the Fries rearrangement the reactant is an ester and the reaction product an alcohol. The Fries rearrangement, named for the German chemist Karl Theophil Fries, is a Rearrangement reaction of a Phenyl Ester to a Hydroxy Esters are a class of Chemical compounds and Functional groups Esters consist of an inorganic or organic Acid in which at least In Chemistry, an alcohol is any Organic compound in which a Hydroxyl group ( - O[[hydrogen H]]) is bound to a Carbon
An overview of functional groups with their preparation and reactivity is presented on the right:
Other organic reaction classification
In heterocyclic chemistry, organic reactions are classified by the type of heterocycle formed with respect to ring-size and type of heteroatom. See for instance the chemistry of indoles. Indole is an Aromatic heterocyclic Organic compound. It has a bicyclic structure consisting of a six-membered Benzene ring fused to a five-membered
Organic reactions can also be classified by the type of bond to carbon with respect to the element involved. More reactions are found in organosilicon chemistry, organosulfur chemistry, organophosphorus chemistry and organofluorine chemistry. Organosilicon compounds are organic compounds containing Carbon Silicon bonds. Organosulfur compounds are Organic compounds that contain Sulfur (sulphur Organophosphorus compounds are Chemical compounds containing Carbon - Phosphorus bonds. Fluorocarbons are chemical compounds that contain Carbon - Fluorine bonds The relatively low reactivity and high polarity of the carbon-fluorine bond imparts With the introduction of carbon-metal bonds the field crosses over to organometallic chemistry. Organometallic chemistry is the study of Chemical compounds containing bonds between Carbon and a Metal.
| CH | He | |||||||||||||||||
| CLi | CBe | CB | CC | CN | CO | CF | Ne | |||||||||||
| CNa | CMg | CAl | CSi | CP | CS | CCl | Ar | |||||||||||
| CK | CCa | CSc | CTi | CV | CCr | CMn | CFe | CCo | CNi | CCu | CZn | CGa | CGe | CAs | CSe | CBr | Kr | |
| CRb | CSr | CY | CZr | CNb | CMo | CTc | CRu | CRh | CPd | CAg | CCd | CIn | CSn | CSb | CTe | CI | Xe | |
| CCs | CBa | CHf | CTa | CW | CRe | COs | CIr | CPt | CAu | CHg | CTl | CPb | CBi | CPo | CAt | Rn | ||
| Fr | Ra | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Uub | Uut | Uuq | Uup | Uuh | Uus | Uuo | ||
| ↓ | ||||||||||||||||||
| La | CCe | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | ||||
| Ac | Th | Pa | CU | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr | ||||
| Core organic chemistry | many uses in chemistry. A carbon-hydrogen bond also known as a C-H bond is a single bond between Carbon and Hydrogen atoms most commonly found in Organic compounds An organolithium reagent is an Organometallic compound with a direct bond between a Carbon and a Lithium atom The organometallic chemistry of group 2 elements is relevant to Organic chemistry, though in some cases the interest is strictly academic Organoborane or organoboron compounds are Chemical compounds that are organic derivatives of BH3 for example trialkyl boranes A carbon-carbon bond is a Covalent bond between two Carbon Atoms. A carbon-nitrogen bond is a Covalent bond between Carbon and Nitrogen and one of the most abundant in Organic chemistry and Biochemistry A carbon-oxygen bond is a Covalent bond between Carbon and Oxygen and one of the most abundant in Organic chemistry and Biochemistry Fluorocarbons are chemical compounds that contain Carbon - Fluorine bonds The relatively low reactivity and high polarity of the carbon-fluorine bond imparts The Grignard reaction, named for the French chemist François Auguste Victor Grignard, is an organometallic Chemical reaction in which Alkyl - organoaluminium compound is an Organometallic compound with a Carbon to Aluminium bond Organosilicon compounds are organic compounds containing Carbon Silicon bonds. Organophosphorus compounds are Chemical compounds containing Carbon - Phosphorus bonds. Organosulfur compounds are Organic compounds that contain Sulfur (sulphur Applications The simplest form of organochlorides are chlorinated Hydrocarbons These consist of simple Hydrocarbons in which one or more hydrogen atoms have The organometallic chemistry of group 2 elements is relevant to Organic chemistry, though in some cases the interest is strictly academic Organotitanium compounds in Organometallic chemistry contain Carbon to Titanium Chemical bonds Organotitanium chemistry is the science Organochromium chemistry is a branch of Organometallic chemistry that deals with Organic compounds containing a Chromium to Carbon bond and their Organonickel chemistry is a branch of Organometallic chemistry that deals with Organic compounds feature Nickel - Carbon bonds Organocopper compounds in Organometallic chemistry contain Carbon to Copper Chemical bonds Organocopper chemistry is the science of Organozinc compounds in Organic chemistry contain Carbon to Zinc Chemical bonds Organozinc chemistry is the science of organozinc Organogermanium compounds are Organometallic compounds containing a Carbon to Germanium or Hydrogen to germanium Chemical bond. An organoarsenic compound in Organic chemistry is an Organic compound containing a Chemical bond between Arsenic and Carbon. Organoselenium compounds are Chemical compounds containing Carbon to Selenium Chemical bonds Organoselenium chemistry is the corresponding Halocarbon compounds are Chemicals in which one or more Carbon Atoms are linked by Covalent bonds with one or more Halogen Atoms Organozirconium compounds are Organometallic compounds containing a Carbon to Zirconium Chemical bond. Organopalladium chemistry is a branch of Organometallic chemistry that deals with organic Palladium compounds and their reactions An organocadmium compound is a Organometallic compound containing a Carbon to Cadmium Chemical bond. Organotin compounds or stannanes are Chemical compounds based on Tin with Hydrocarbon substituents Organotellurium chemistry in Chemistry describes the synthesis and properties of Chemical compounds containing a Carbon to Tellurium Chemical Halocarbon compounds are Chemicals in which one or more Carbon Atoms are linked by Covalent bonds with one or more Halogen Atoms Organomercury refers to the group of organometallic compounds that contain mercury. Organolead compounds are Chemical compounds containing a Chemical bond between Carbon and Lead. Organouranium compounds are Organometallic compounds containing a Carbon to Uranium Chemical bond. A chemical bond is the physical process responsible for the attractive interactions between Atoms and Molecules and which confers stability to diatomic and polyatomic Carbon (kɑɹbən is a Chemical element with the symbol C and its Atomic number is 6 |
| Academic research, but no widespread use | Bond unknown / not assessed. |
See also
- List of organic reactions
- Other chemical reactions: inorganic reactions, biochemical reactions, organometallic reactions, polymerization reactions. This page aims to list well-known reactions and Reagents in Organic chemistry. In Biochemistry, a metabolic pathway is a series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell. Organometallic chemistry is the study of Chemical compounds containing bonds between Carbon and a Metal. In Polymer chemistry, polymerization is a process of reacting Monomer Molecules together in a Chemical reaction to form three-dimensional networks
- Important publications in organic chemistry
- Metabolism
External links
- Organic reaction flashcards from OSU
- list of named reactions from UConn
- organic reactions
- Organic chemistry help-Best of the Web 2008
- Organic chemistry help-Electronic Flashcards
References
- ^ Strategic Applications of Named Reactions in Organic Synthesis Laszlo Kurti, Barbara Czako Academic Press (March 4, 2005) ISBN 0-12-429785-4
- ^ Analysis of the reactions used for the preparation of drug candidate molecules John S. Some criteria for editing this page have been debated and are displayed Metabolism is the set of Chemical reactions that occur in living Organisms in order to maintain Life. Carey, David Laffan, Colin Thomson and Mike T. Williams Org. Biomol. Chem. , 2006, 4, 2337 - 2347, doi:10.1039/b602413k
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