Order of Merit medal of Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, displayed in the Royal Society in London. Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, born Dorothy Mary Crowfoot OM, FRS ( 12 May 1910 &ndash 29 July 1994) was a British The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as The Royal Society, is a Learned society for science that was founded in 1660 London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom.

Ribbon of Order of Merit

The Order of Merit is a British and Commonwealth Order bestowed by the Monarch. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located An Order is a Decoration, awarded by a government a dynastic house, or a religious body to an individual usually for distinguished service to a nation or to humanity For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II It was established in 1902 by King Edward VII (based on the Prussian Pour le Mérite) as a reward for distinguished service in the armed forces, science, art, literature, or for the promotion of culture. Prussia ( Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Prūsija Prūsija Prusy Old Prussian: Prūsa) was most recently a historic state The Pour le Mérite, known informally during World War I as the Blue Max (Blauer Max was the Kingdom of Prussia 's highest military order until For the military meaning see Armed forces. For the Soviet sports society see Armed Forces (sports society Armed Forces Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding Art refers to a diverse range of Human activities creations and expressions that are appealing to the Senses or Emotions of a human individual Literature is the Art of written works Literally translated the word means "acquaintance with letters" (from Latin littera letter Culture (from the Latin cultura stemming from colere, meaning "to cultivate" generally refers to patterns of human activity and the symbolic Appointments to the Order are in the Sovereign's personal gift and ministerial advice is not required. The Order of Merit ranks immediately below Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath; and although it confers no title, recipients are entitled to add the suffix O. The Most Honourable Order of the Bath (formerly The Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath) is a British Order of chivalry founded by George M. after their surname.

The badge has the appearance of a red cross surmounted by a golden crown. The rarer military awards are distinguished from the civil by having a pair of crossed swords behind the central medallion. The ribbon is red and blue.

The Order is limited to the Sovereign and twenty-four members, but additional foreigners may be added as "honorary members. See also List of British consorts. This is a list of the monarchs of Great Britain and the United Kingdom. " From the beginning the Order was open to women; Florence Nightingale was the first woman to receive the honour, in 1907. Florence Nightingale, OM, RRC (in her own pronunciation ˈflɒɾəns ˈnaɪtɪŋgeɪl 12 May 1820 – 13 August 1910 who came to be known as "The

Current members

• Sovereign: HM The Queen
• Members:
  • HRH The Duke of Edinburgh KG KT OM GBE AC QSO CD PC (1968), Royal Consort
  • The Revd Owen Chadwick OM KBE (1983), Theological Historian
  • Sir Andrew Huxley OM FRS (1983), Physiologist, Nobel Laureate (Medicine) and President of the Royal Society (1980-1985)
  • Dr Frederick Sanger OM CH CBE FRS (1986), Biochemist and Double Nobel Laureate (Chemistry)
  • The Rt Hon The Baroness Thatcher LG OM PC FRS (1990), British Prime Minister (1979-1990)
  • Dame Joan Sutherland OM AC DBE (1991), Coloratura Soprano
  • Sir Michael Atiyah OM FRS (1992), Mathematician, Fields medalist, Abel Laureate and President of the Royal Society (1990-1995)
  • Lucian Freud OM CH (1993), Painter
  • Sir Aaron Klug OM FRS (1995), Biophysicist, Nobel Laureate (Chemistry) and President of the Royal Society (1995-2000)
  • The Rt Hon The Lord Foster of Thames Bank OM RA (1997), Architect and Pritzker Laureate
  • Sir Denis Rooke OM CBE (1997), Industrial Engineer
  • Sir James Black OM FRS (2000), Pharmacologist and Nobel Laureate (Medicine)
  • Sir Anthony Caro OM CBE (2000), Sculptor
  • Sir Roger Penrose OM FRS (2000), Mathematical physicist
  • Sir Tom Stoppard OM CBE (2000), Playwright
  • HRH The Prince of Wales KG KT GCB OM AK QSO CD PC ADC (2002), Heir to the Throne
  • The Rt Hon The Lord May of Oxford OM AC FRS (2002), Ecologist and President of the Royal Society (2000-2005)
  • The Rt Hon The Lord Rothschild OM GBE FBA (2002), Philanthropist
  • Sir David Attenborough OM CH CVO CBE FRS (2005), Broadcaster
  • The Rt Hon The Baroness Boothroyd OM PC (2005), First female Speaker of the House of Commons
  • Sir Michael Howard OM CH KBE MC (2005), Military historian
  • Sir Timothy Berners-Lee OM KBE FRS FREng FRSA (2007), Inventor of the World Wide Web, Director of the W3C
  • The Rt Hon The Lord Rees of Ludlow OM PRS (2007), Astronomer Royal (1995 - ) and President of the Royal Society (2005 - )
  • The Rt Rev. The Lord Eames OM (2007), Anglican Primate of All Ireland and Archbishop of Armagh (1986-2006)
    • There are no vacancies
• Honorary Members:
  • Nelson Mandela OM CC AC QC (1995), Statesman and Nobel Laureate (Peace). For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A prince consort, generally speaking is a common term for the husband of a Queen regnant, unless he himself also is a king in his own right William Owen Chadwick, OM, KBE, FBA, FRSE (born 20 May 1916) is a British professor writer and prominent historian Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) Theology is the study of a god or the gods from a religious perspective Sir Andrew Fielding Huxley, OM, FRS (born 22 November 1917, Hampstead, London) is an English physiologist Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) Physiology (from Greek grc φύσις physis, "nature origin" and grc -λογία -logia) is the study of the mechanical physical The Nobel Prize (Nobelpriset (Nobelprisen is a Swedish prize established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Peace, Literature The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin is awarded once a year by the Swedish Karolinska Institute. The President of the Royal Society ( PRS) is the elected head of the Royal Society of London. The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as The Royal Society, is a Learned society for science that was founded in 1660 Frederick Sanger, OM, CH, CBE, FRS (born 13 August 1918) is an English biochemist and twice Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes in living Organisms It deals with the Structure and function of cellular components such as The Nobel Prize (Nobelpriset (Nobelprisen is a Swedish prize established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Peace, Literature The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of Chemistry. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of Chemistry. Margaret Hilda Thatcher Baroness Thatcher LG, OM, PC, FRS (born 13 October 1925 Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the political leader of the United Kingdom Thatcherism is the system of political thought attributed to the governments of Margaret Thatcher, British Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990 WikipediaWikiProject Opera#Infoboxes --> Dame Joan Alston Sutherland, OM, AC, DBE (born 7 November 1926 Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Coloratura has several meanings The word derives from the Italian colorare (to Colour; to heighten to enliven or colorazione (colouring coloration This article is related to a series of articles under the main article Voice type. Sir Michael Francis Atiyah, OM, FRS, FRSE (b April 22, 1929) is a British Mathematician, and one of the Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Algebraic topology is a branch of Mathematics which uses tools from Abstract algebra to study Topological spaces The basic goal is to find algebraic The Fields Medal is a prize awarded to two three or four Mathematicians not over 40 years of age at each International Congress of the International Mathematical The Abel Prize is an international prize presented annually by the King of Norway to one or more outstanding Mathematicians The prize is named after Norwegian The President of the Royal Society ( PRS) is the elected head of the Royal Society of London. The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as The Royal Society, is a Learned society for science that was founded in 1660 Lucian Michael Freud, OM, CH (born 8 December 1922 is a British painter of German Origin Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) A portrait is a painting, photograph, Sculpture, or other artistic representation of a person in which the face and its expression is predominant Sir Aaron Klug, OM, PRS (born 11 August 1926) is a Lithuanian born British Chemist and Biophysicist Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Biophysics (also biological physics) is an Interdisciplinary Science that employs and develops theories and methods of the Physical sciences for The Nobel Prize (Nobelpriset (Nobelprisen is a Swedish prize established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Peace, Literature The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of Chemistry. Norman Robert Foster Baron Foster of Thames Bank, OM, FRIBA, RDI, (born 1 June 1935) is a British architect whose company Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Foster + Partners is a leading Architectural firm in the United Kingdom. The Pritzker Architecture Prize is awarded annually by the Hyatt Foundation to honor "a living Architect whose built work demonstrates a combination of those Sir Denis Eric Rooke, OM, CBE, FRS, FREng ( 2 April 1924 - 2 September 2008) was a British industrialist Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Industrial engineering is also not good and shit Operations management, Systems engineering, production engineering manufacturing engineering or manufacturing systems Sir James Whyte Black, OM, FRS, FRSE, FRCP (born 14 July 1924) is a Scottish doctor and pharmacologist Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Pharmacology (from Greek grc φάρμακον pharmakon, "drug" and grc -λογία -logia) is the study of how Drugs The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin is awarded once a year by the Swedish Karolinska Institute. Sir Anthony Caro, OM, CBE, (born 8 March 1924 in New Malden, then in Surrey) is an English, abstract Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Sir Roger Penrose, PhD, OM, FRS (born 8 August 1931) is an English Mathematical physicist and Emeritus Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. A Penrose tiling is a nonperiodic tiling generated by an aperiodic set of Prototiles named after Roger Penrose, who investigated these sets Sir Tom Stoppard OM, CBE (born 3 July 1937 is a British Screenwriter playwright Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. The Real Thing is a play by Tom Stoppard, first performed in 1982 Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Prince of Wales (Tywysog Cymru is a title traditionally granted to the Heir Apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom (and formerly the Kingdom Robert McCredie May Baron May of Oxford, OM, AC, FRS (born Australia, 8 January 1936) has been Chief Scientific Adviser Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Ecology (from Greek grc οἶκος oikos, "house(hold" and grc -λογία -logia) is the scientific study of The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as The Royal Society, is a Learned society for science that was founded in 1660 Nathaniel Charles Jacob Rothschild 4th Baron Rothschild OM GBE FBA (born 29 April 1936) is a British investment Banker Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Philanthropy is the act of donating money goods services time and/or effort to support a socially beneficial cause with a defined objective and with no financial or material Sir David Frederick Attenborough OM, CH, CVO, CBE, FRS (born 8 May 1926 in London, England Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Life on Earth A Natural History by David Attenborough is a groundbreaking television Natural history series made by the BBC in association with Betty Boothroyd Baroness Boothroyd, OM, PC (born October 8, 1929 in Dewsbury, Yorkshire) is a British Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Sir Michael Eliot Howard, OM, CH, CBE, MC (born 29 November 1922) is a retired British military historian Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the 1870 War ( 19 July, 1870 — 10 May, 1871 Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee OM KBE FRS FREng FRSA (born 8 June 1955 is an English computer scientist who is credited Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The World Wide Web (commonly shortened to the Web) is a system of interlinked Hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. Martin John Rees Baron Rees of Ludlow, OM, PRS (born 23 June 1942 in York) is an English cosmologist Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Astronomer Royal is a senior post in the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom. The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as The Royal Society, is a Learned society for science that was founded in 1660 Robin Henry Alexander Eames Baron Eames, OM (born 27 April 1937) was the Anglican Primate of All Ireland and Archbishop of Armagh Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Anglicanism is a tradition of Christian faith Churches in this tradition either have historical connections to the Church of England or have similar beliefs Primate of All Ireland is a title held by the Archbishops of Armagh, in both the Roman Catholic and Church of Ireland traditions and signifies that within The Archbishop of Armagh in the Church of Ireland is the Primate of All Ireland and the leader of that church as well as being the diocesan Bishop Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (xolíɬaɬa mandéːla born 18 July 1918 is a former President of South Africa, the first to be elected in fully representative Post-nominal letters are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position office or honour Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 The Nobel Prize (Nobelpriset (Nobelprisen is a Swedish prize established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Peace, Literature The Nobel Peace Prize ( Swedish, Danish and Nobels fredspris is one of five Nobel Prizes Bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor

References

• Martin, Stanley (2007). The Order of Merit. I. B. Tauris. ISBN 1-86064-848-7.  

See also

• Members of the Order of Merit
• Australian knights and dames

External links

• A history of the Order and a full list of all recipients 1902-2002