Citizendia

Order of Canada

A female Officer's badge of the Order of Canada
Awarded by Queen of Canada
TypeOrder (decoration)
MottoDesiderantes meliorem patriam
EligibilityAll living Canadians, except federal and provincial politicians and judges while they are holding office. TalkCommonewalth realm.-->The monarchy of An Order is a Decoration, awarded by a government a dynastic house, or a religious body to an individual usually for distinguished service to a nation or to humanity
Awarded forThe highest degree of merit to Canada and humanity, an outstanding level of talent and service to Canadians, or an exceptional contribution to Canada or Canadians.
StatusCurrently constituted
SovereignElizabeth II
ChancellorMichaëlle Jean
GradesCompanion, Officer, Member
Former gradesMedal of Service, Medal of Courage
Statistics
EstablishedApril 17, 1967
First inductionJuly 1, 1967
Total inductees5,479
Precedence
Next (higher)Queen's Privy Council for Canada
Next (lower)Queen's Counsel


The Order of Canada is the highest civilian honour within the Canadian system of honours, with membership awarded to those who exemplify the order's Latin motto, taken from Hebrews 11:16, desiderantes meliorem patriam, meaning "they desire a better country. For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II Michaëlle Jean, CC CMM COM CD ʒɑ̃ (born September 6, 1957, in Port-au-Prince, Events 69 - After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. The Queen's Privy Council for Canada (QPC (Conseil privé de la Reine pour le Canada (CPR sometimes called Her Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or the Privy Council Queen's Counsel ( postnominal QC) &ndash known as King's Counsel ( KC) during the reign of a male sovereign  &ndash are A civilian under International humanitarian law is a person who is not a member of his or her Country 's Armed forces. This article concerns the orders and decorations of the Commonwealth realms awarded by the sovereign in right of each nation The Canadian honours system has developed as a unique entity since the centennial of Canadian Confederation in 1967 when the first distinctly Canadian honour the Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group The Epistle to the Hebrews (abbr Heb for Citations is one of the books in the New Testament. " Created in 1967, the order was established to recognize the lifetime contributions made by Canadians who made a major difference to Canada, as well as the efforts made by non-Canadians who have made the world better by their actions. As of April 2008, 5,479 people have been appointed to the Order of Canada,[1] including musicians, politicians, artists, television and film stars, benefactors, and others. Since 1994 [2] Non-honorary members are the only regular citizens who are empowered to administer the Canadian Oath of Citizenship. The Oath of Citizenship, as established by the Citizenship Act (R [3] The Canadian monarch, presently Elizabeth II, is Sovereign of the order, and the serving Governor General, presently Michaëlle Jean, is its Chancellor and Principal Companion. TalkCommonewalth realm.-->The monarchy of For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II The Governor General of Canada ( French: Gouverneure générale du Canada, or: Gouverneur général du Canada) is the vice-regal representative Michaëlle Jean, CC CMM COM CD ʒɑ̃ (born September 6, 1957, in Port-au-Prince,

Contents

Creation

The Order of Canada was instituted on April 17, 1967, by Queen Elizabeth II, on the advice of her then Prime Minister, Lester B. Pearson, who was assisted with the establishment of the order by John Matheson. Events 69 - After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II Advice, in Constitutional law, is formal usually binding instruction given by one constitutional officer of state to another The Prime Minister of Canada ( French: Premier ministre du Canada) is the primary Minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus John Ross Matheson, OC, CD, QC, LLM, LLD (born November 14, 1917) is a Canadian lawyer The order was officially launched on July 1, 1967, during the 100th anniversary celebrations of the formation of the Dominion of Canada. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. The Canadian Centennial was a year long celebration held in 1967 when Canada celebrated the 100th anniversary of the Canadian Confederation. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Governor General Roland Michener was the first inductee to the order, to the level of Companion,[4] with 90 more people appointed on July 7 of the same year, including Vincent Massey, Louis St. Laurent, Hugh MacLennan, Father David Bauer, Gabrielle Roy, Donald Creighton, Thérèse Casgrain, Wilder Penfield, Arthur Lismer, and Maurice Richard. Daniel Roland Michener PC CC CMM CD QC ( April 19, 1900 - August 6, 1991 Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death Charles Vincent Massey PC CC CH CD FRSC ( February 20, 1887 – December 30, Louis Stephen St-Laurent PC CC QC ( Saint-Laurent or St-Laurent in French, baptized Louis-Étienne John Hugh MacLennan, CC, CQ ( 20 March 1907 - 9 November 1990) was a Canadian author and professor of English Gabrielle Roy, CC, FRSC ( March 22, 1909 – July 13, 1983) was a French Canadian author Donald Grant Creighton, CC, ( July 15, 1902 &ndash December 19, 1979) was a noted Canadian Historian. Marie Thérèse Forget Casgrain CC, OBE, LLD ( July 10, 1896 &ndash November 3, 1981) was a Feminist Wilder Graves Penfield, OM, CC, CMG, MD, FRS (January 25/26 1891 &ndash April 5, 1976) was an American Arthur Lismer, CC (27 June 1885 in Sheffield England &ndash 23 March 1969 in Canada was a Canadian painter and member of the Group of Seven. The Hon Joseph Henri Maurice "Rocket" Richard PC OC OQ ( August 4, 1921 &ndash May 27 [5] The Queen was presented with the Sovereign's badge by Michener during a visit by him to London, UK, that same year, and she first wore it during a banquet in Yellowknife in July, 1970. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Yellowknife (ˈjɛloʊnaɪf ( 2006 population 18700) is the capital of Canada 's Northwest Territories (NWT [6]

The creation of the order was the beginning of a Canadian honours system, and reduced the use of the honours system of the United Kingdom and some of its former Crown colonies; prior to the creation of the Order of Canada, the main order Canadians were inducted into for the above criteria was the Order of the British Empire. The Canadian honours system has developed as a unique entity since the centennial of Canadian Confederation in 1967 when the first distinctly Canadian honour the The British honours system is a means of rewarding individuals' personal bravery achievement or service to the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The British Overseas Territories are fourteen territories that are under the Sovereignty of the United Kingdom, but which do not form part of the United Kingdom The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British Order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by King George V. [7] The order also inspired Australia and New Zealand to follow on Canada and create similar honours: the Order of Australia and the Order of New Zealand respectively. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Order of Australia is an order of chivalry established by Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia on 14 February 1975 "for the purpose of according recognition The Order of New Zealand is the highest honour in New Zealand 's honours system, created "to recognise outstanding service to the Crown and people of New Zealand The provinces also followed suit, each creating their own distinct orders. The provinces and territories of Canada combine to make up the world's second largest country in total area. The Canadian honours system has developed as a unique entity since the centennial of Canadian Confederation in 1967 when the first distinctly Canadian honour the

Grades

There are three grades (levels) of the Order of Canada, in order of precedence: Companion, Officer, and Member, each with respective post-nominal letters that its members are entitled to use. Post-nominal letters, also called " post-nominal initials " or " post-nominal titles " are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that Promotions in grade are possible, though this is ordinarily not done within five years of the initial appointment. For example, film director Denys Arcand was promoted from Officer to Companion. A film director, or filmmaker, is a person who directs the making of a Film. Adapted from the article Denys Arcand Denys Arcand from Wikinfo licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. [8]

When it was created the order had, in effect, only two ranks, Companion and the Medal of Service, but it included a third award, the Medal of Courage. The latter medal, meant to reward acts of gallantry, fell between the other two awards in level honour but was anomalous within the Order of Canada – not a middle grade of the among three of a kind, but effectively a separate award of different nature. On July 1, 1972, without ever having been awarded, it was replaced by the separate Cross of Valour. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Cross of Valour (official post-nominal letters CV) is the highest ranking of the Canadian Bravery Decorations, and is awarded for acts of conspicuous courage in At the same time, the levels of Officer and Member were introduced and all existing holders of the Medal of Service were made Officers. This fulfilled the vision of Lester Pearson for a three-tiered structure. [9][10]

Companion

Main article: List of Companions of the Order of Canada

Companions of the Order of Canada (post-nominal: CC) have demonstrated the highest degree of merit to Canada and humanity, on the national or international scene. Companions of the Order of Canada, the highest level of the Order of Canada, have demonstrated the highest degree of merit to Canada Up to 15 Companions are appointed each year, with a limit of 165 living Companions at any given time, save for honorary Companions;[11] as of February 20, 2007, there were 168 living Companions, including four honorary. Events 1472 - Orkney and Shetland are left by Norway to Scotland, due to a Dowry payment Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. [12] The constitution of the Order of Canada allows for each Governor General and his or her spouse, to become a Companion of the order upon the viceroy's appointment; thus, with her appointment to the position of Governor General, Michaëlle Jean became the 164th living Companion, and Jean-Daniel Lafond the 165th. Michaëlle Jean, CC CMM COM CD ʒɑ̃ (born September 6, 1957, in Port-au-Prince, Jean-Daniel Lafond CC (born 1944 is a French -born Canadian filmmaker and the husband to Governor General Michaëlle [13]

Officer

Officers of the Order of Canada (OC) have demonstrated an outstanding level of talent and service to Canadians, and up to 64 Officers are appointed each year, with no limit to how many may be living at one time. [14]. As of September 29, 2005, there were 1,006 living Officers. Events 522 BC - Darius I of Persia kills the Magian usurper Gaumâta securing his hold as king of the Persian Empire. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Member

Members of the Order of Canada (CM) have made an exceptional contribution to Canada or Canadians at a local or regional level, group, field or activity. As many as 136 Members may be appointed annually and there is no limit on how many Members may be living at one time. As of September 29, 2005, there were 1,964 living members. Events 522 BC - Darius I of Persia kills the Magian usurper Gaumâta securing his hold as king of the Persian Empire. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [15]

Insignia

Reverse of the order badge.
Reverse of the order badge.

The sovereign's badge of the order consists of a white enamelled snowflake design with diamonds between each leaf, suspended from a jeweled crown. "Snowfall" redirects here For other uses see Snow (disambiguation or Snowfall (disambiguation. The central disc bears a maple leaf in rubies on a white enamel background, surrounded by a red enamel ring (annulus) bearing the motto of the order. The maple leaf is the characteristic Leaf of the Maple tree, and is an important national symbol of Canada. [16]

The badges for inductees are of a similar design to the sovereign's badge, though without precious stones, in gilt for Companions and Officers, and in silver for Members. Gilding is the art of applying a thin layer of gold simulated gold or other metal to a surface Silver (ˈsɪlvɚ is a Chemical element with the symbol " Ag " (argentum from the Ancient Greek: ἀργήντος - argēntos gen The maple leaf in the central disk is in red enamel for Companions, gold for Officers, and silver for Members, and each is topped by a crown of St. Edward, symbolizing that the order is headed by the sovereign. St Edward's Crown was one of the English Crown Jewels and remains one of the senior British Crown Jewels. The reverse is plain except for the word CANADA. [17] The ribbon is white bordered in red stripes, similar to the Canadian flag. The National Flag of Canada, also known as the Maple Leaf, and fr l'Unifolié ( French for "the one-leafed" is a red Flag The chest ribbon is the same for each grade, save for a metallic maple leaf in the centre, the color of which depends on the grade that one was appointed to: red for a Companion, gold for an Officer, silver stands for Member. Acer ( maple) is a Genus of Trees or Shrubs They are variously classified in a family of their own the Aceraceae, or Red is any of a number of similar Colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of Light discernible by the human eye in the wavelength Gold (ˈɡoʊld is a Chemical element with the symbol Au (from its Latin name aurum) and Atomic number 79 Silver (ˈsɪlvɚ is a Chemical element with the symbol " Ag " (argentum from the Ancient Greek: ἀργήντος - argēntos gen For civilian wear, a lapel pin is worn on the jacket, which is designed as a miniature of the medalion; an example of one being used is shown in this photo of Roméo Dallaire. Lieutenant-General Roméo Antonius Dallaire, OC, CMM, GOQ, MSC, CD (born June 25, 1946 in The Governor General also wears a special chain during certain ceremonies, consisting of the Companion badge suspended from the shield of Canada and surmounted by the Crown. Throughout the Commonwealth realms The Crown is an abstract metonymic concept which represents the legal authority for the existence of any government On each side, the chain is composed of two repeating elements: a white stylized snowflake and the central disc that appears on the Companion medals. At the Governor General's installation ceremony he or she is presented with the Chain of the Order of Canada and the Chain of the Order of Military Merit.

The badge (as well as the majority of the ensuing emblems in the Canadian honour system) was designed by Bruce W. Beatty, himself made a member of the order in 1990,[18] and who, as of 2004, has been in attendance at every investiture ceremony since 1967. Bruce W Beatty CM, CD, FRHSC is a Canadian Graphic designer best known as being chiefly responsible for designing the emblems of [19]

When wearing medals and decorations, the Order of Canada is worn before all national orders and nearly all other Canadian decorations: only the Victoria Cross and the Cross of Valour are worn before the badge of the Order of Canada. The Victoria Cross of Canada ( Post-nominal letters "VC" is a military award for extraordinary valour and devotion to duty while facing a hostile force The grades of Companion and Officer have their medals worn by a neck ribbon, while the Member grade is displayed on a chest ribbon on the left side of the jacket. Originally, protocol dictated that female appointees had to wear a ribbon bow in order to display the order's emblem, which was positioned to the left; however, in 1997 regulations were altered and, with the exception of certain special occasions laid out by the Governor General, women may wear their insignia by the same means as the men, although current Governor General, Michaëlle Jean, has taken to displaying the order with the female bow. [20]

The insignia may be passed down as a family heirloom, and sale is discouraged. When a member of the order is upgraded to a higher rank, that individual must return their original emblem to the Chancellery. [21] However, a number of insignias have been put up for sale, most recently in 2007 (see Sale below). Each appointee is also granted the right to ask for a coat of arms from the Canadian Heraldic Authority if one does not already exist for them; Companions may ask the authority for the use of supporters on their personal coat of arms. A coat of arms or armorial bearings (often just arms for short in European tradition is a design belonging to a particular person (or group of people The Canadian Heraldic Authority (Autorité héraldique du Canada is part of the Canadian honours system under the Governor General of Canada. In Heraldry, supporters are figures usually placed on either side of the shield and depicted holding it up The order's motto, in gold lettering on a red background, is circled around the shield, while the order's badge is suspended from the base of the shield. A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group Because the Queen is sovereign of the order, the current Coat of Arms of Canada, in use since 1994, uses the red ribbon with the order's motto in gold. The Coat of Arms of Canada (also known as the Royal Arms of Canada or more properly the Arms of His/Her Majesty in Right of Canada) is since 1921 the official [22]

CompanionOfficerMember
Ribbon Bar


CC & OC RibbonCM RibbonFemale BowCoat of Arms[23]

Eligibility and appointment

Governor General Michaëlle Jean, Chancellor and Principal Companion of the Order of Canada, poses with a full group of Order of Canada appointees at the 101st Investiture Ceremony Banquet in the Tent Room of Rideau Hall, April 11, 2008.
Governor General Michaëlle Jean, Chancellor and Principal Companion of the Order of Canada, poses with a full group of Order of Canada appointees at the 101st Investiture Ceremony Banquet in the Tent Room of Rideau Hall, April 11, 2008. The Governor General of Canada ( French: Gouverneure générale du Canada, or: Gouverneur général du Canada) is the vice-regal representative Michaëlle Jean, CC CMM COM CD ʒɑ̃ (born September 6, 1957, in Port-au-Prince, Rideau Hall is since 1867, the Official residence of the Governor General of Canada, and of the monarch of Canada when in Ottawa. Events 491 - Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine Emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
Main article: Appointment to the Order of Canada

All living Canadians are eligible for any of the three levels of the order, except federal and provincial politicians and judges while they are holding office. Appointment into the Order of Canada is the process by which Canadians citizens or certain foreign persons are inducted into Canada 's highest Civilian After being nominated, the Advisory Council reviews each nomination and, along with the Governor General, makes the final choice of new inductees, within the limits for each grade as prescribed in the Constitution of the Order of Canada. The Governor General of Canada ( French: Gouverneure générale du Canada, or: Gouverneur général du Canada) is the vice-regal representative New appointees are then formally accepted into the order at an investiture ceremony, typically conducted by the Governor General at Rideau Hall, however other officials may perform the task, and the ceremony may take place in other locations. Rideau Hall is since 1867, the Official residence of the Governor General of Canada, and of the monarch of Canada when in Ottawa.

Removal

Main article: Removal from the Order of Canada

Members can be removed from the order if the Advisory Council feels their actions have brought the order into disrepute. Recipients of the Order of Canada can have their honour revoked if the Order's Advisory Council feels that a recipient's actions have brought dishonour to the Order In order for this to be done, the Advisory Council must agree to the removal, and then send a letter to the person telling them of their decision, and requesting a response from the person in question regarding the decision.

Those removed from the order are required to return their insignia. While there are no formal rules in place that outline a requirement for the council to retrieve the insignia, the author of The Order of Canada: Its Origins, History and Development, Christopher McCreery, said that since the government owns the medal and the scrolls, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police can be sent and get the items by force. [24] As of 2006, only two people have been removed from the Order of Canada: Alan Eagleson, who was removed from the order after being jailed for fraud in 1998,[25] and David Ahenakew, who faced calls for his removal due to anti-Semitic comments he made in 2002. Robert Alan Eagleson (born April 24, 1933 in St Catharines Ontario) is a disbarred Canadian lawyer convicted felon David Ahenakew (born July 28, 1933) is a Canadian First Nations politician and former National Chief of the Assembly of First Nations Antisemitism (alternatively spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism; also rarely known as judeophobia) is the Prejudice against or hostility [26]

Advisory Council

The task of the Advisory Council is to evaluate the nominations of potential inductees, decide if the candidates are worthy enough to be accepted into the order, and make recommendations to the Governor General, who appoints the new members. The council is chaired by the Chief Justice of Canada, and includes the Clerk of the Queen's Privy Council, the Deputy Minister of Canadian Heritage, the Chairperson of the Canada Council for the Arts, the President of the Royal Society of Canada, and the Chairperson of the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada. The Supreme Court of Canada consists of the Chief Justice of Canada ( Juge en chef du Canada) and eight Puisne Justices all appointed by The Clerk of the Privy Council (Greffier du Conseil privé is the senior Civil servant in the government and the Secretary to the Canadian Cabinet. The Department of Canadian Heritage, or simply Canadian Heritage, is the department of the Government of Canada with responsibility for policies and programs The Canada Council for the Arts, commonly called the Canada Council, is a Crown Corporation established in 1957 to act as an Arts council of The Royal Society of Canada ( Société royale du Canada) now known as the RSC Academies of Arts Humanities and Sciences of Canada ( SRC Académies des Arts The Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada (AUCC is an organisation that groups Canada's universities Also, five members of the order sit on the council for a three year period. If a nomination involves a non-Canadian citizen, the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs is invited by the Advisory Council to offer evaluation. The Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT more commonly known as Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada is a department in the Government Decisions of the council, and/or new appointments and dismissals to or from the Order of Canada, are announced to the Canada Gazette and general public by the Secretary General of the Advisory Council. The Canada Gazette is an official publication by the Government of Canada that publishes all Laws and Orders-in-Council issued by the government

The current members of the Advisory Council are:

Honorary appointments

As of 2008, there have been fourteen honorary appointments to non-Canadian citizens. They are as follows:

Companion

Officer

Member

Additional decorations

At certain periods, holders of the order were presented with other decorations, usually commemorative medals. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (xolíɬaɬa mandéːla born 18 July 1918 is a former President of South Africa, the first to be elected in fully representative The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (Elizabeth Angela Marguerite 4 August 1900 &ndash 30 March 2002 was the Queen Consort of King George This page lists those Monarchs who have reigned over Canada since Confederation in 1867, at which time the country was deemed to have become a kingdom Frank Owen Gehry CC (born Ephraim Owen Goldberg, February 28, 1929) is a Pritzker Prize -winning Architect Boutros Boutros-Ghali ( Arabic: بطرس بطرس غالي Coptic: Ⲃⲟⲩⲧⲣⲟⲥ Ⲃⲟⲩⲧⲣⲟⲥ Ⲅⲁⲗⲏ (born November 14, 1922 The Secretary-General of the United Nations is the head of the Secretariat, one of the principal organs of the United Nations. Václav Havel, GCB, CC, ( (born October 5, 1936) is a Czech Playwright Writer and Politician The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, Karīm al-Hussaynī Āgā Khān IV, KBE, CC, GCC, GCIH ( سمو الأمیر شاہ کریم الحسیني آغا خان An imam (إمام plural ائمة A'immah, امام is an Islamic leader often the leader of a Mosque and/or community For the Egyptian city see Ismaïlia. The Ismāʿīlī ( Urdu: إسماعیلی Ismāʿīlī, Arabic: الإسماعيليون Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec Canadian citizenship is typically obtained by birth in Canada or birth abroad when at least one parent is a Canadian citizen or by adoption abroad by at least one Canadian citizen In British nationality law, the term British subject has at different times had different meanings The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Not to be confused with the British actor James Hillier (actor. An electron microscope is a type of Microscope that uses Electrons to illuminate a specimen and create an enlarged image Charles Édouard Dutoit (born October 7, 1936) is a Swiss conductor, particularly noted for his interpretations of French and Russian 20th century Orchestre symphonique de Montréal ( OSM) ( Montreal Symphony Orchestra) is a Symphony orchestra based in Montreal, Quebec, Canada Tanya Moiseiwitsch ( 3 December 1914 &ndash 19 February 2003) was an English theatre designer The Stratford Shakespeare Festival (formerly known as the Stratford Festival of Canada is an annual celebration of Theatre running from April to November in the Canadian Bernard Pivot (born 5 May 1935) is a Journalist, interviewer and host of French cultural Television programmes The Canadian Caper was the unofficial name given to the Covert rescue by the Government of Canada of six American Diplomats who evaded capture Sharon Lois & Bram is the name of a Canadian children's musical trio composed of Sharon Trostin Hampson (born March 31, 1943, Sharon Lois & Bram is the name of a Canadian children's musical trio composed of Sharon Trostin Hampson (born March 31, 1943, Francis Higginson Cabot (born 1925 CM, CQ is an American Gardener and horticulturist. Salome Bey, CM is an American actress singer-songwriter and composer who has lived in Toronto Ontario since 1966 Thus far, four commemorative medals have been given automatically to every living member of the Order of Canada: the Canadian Centennial Medal (1967), the Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal (1977), the 125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal (1992), and the Queen Elizabeth II's Golden Jubilee Medal (2002). The Canadian Centennial Medal is a commemorative medal struck by the Royal Canadian Mint in 1967. The Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal was a commemorative medal struck to celebrate the twenty-fifth anniversary of the reign of Queen Elizabeth II. The Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal was a commemorative medal struck by the Royal Canadian Mint to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of Elizabeth's reign

Sale

In 2007 it was revealed that one of the first ever issued insignia of the Order of Canada, a Medal of Service awarded originally to Quebec historian Gustave Lanctot, was put up for sale via email. Gustave Lanctot, OC, FRSC, also spelled Gustave Lanctôt, ( 5 July 1883 &ndash 2 February 1975) was a Canadian Electronic mail, often abbreviated to e-mail, email, or originally eMail, is a Store-and-forward method of writing sending receiving Originally, the auctioneer, who had purchased the insignia for $45 at an estate sale in Montreal, and who remained anonymous, attempted to sell the insignia on eBay; however, after the bidding reached $15,000, eBay removed the item, citing its policy against the sale of government property, including "any die, seal or stamp provided by, belonging to, or used by a government department, diplomatic or military authority appointed by or acting under the authority of Her Majesty. Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec eBay Inc is an American Internet company that manages eBaycom an Online auction and shopping Website in which people and businesses buy and " Rideau Hall stated that selling medals was "highly discouraged," however the owner continued efforts to sell the insignia via the internet. Rideau Hall is since 1867, the Official residence of the Governor General of Canada, and of the monarch of Canada when in Ottawa. [35]

Further reading

See also

Notes

  1. ^ |title=Order of Canada |accessdate=2008-04-12 |publisher=Governor General of Canada
  2. ^ Order of Canada Newsletter Winter 2008
  3. ^ Welcoming Canadians (pg 40) (PDF). This is a list of all known awards in Canada, conferred by either members of the Canadian Royal Family, Viceroys governments or private organizations The provinces of Canada each have an honours system consisting of orders and awards to honour their citizens for actions or deeds that benefited their local community or province Institute for Canadian Citizenship (2007-09-17). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1176 - The Battle of Myriokephalon is fought 1462 - The Battle of Świecino (or Battle of Żarnowiec Retrieved on 2008-04-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland.
  4. ^ Roland Michener's listing on the Order of Canada rolls.
  5. ^ Governor General Adrienne Clarkson's speech at an October 30, 2004, Order of Canada investiture
  6. ^ Official Website of the British Monarchy. Royal Insight Magazine: Mailbox: April 2006 Page 3
  7. ^ Paul James article on British Orders.
  8. ^ Announcement of Denys Arcand's promotion in the Order
  9. ^ The Canadian Encyclopedia entry on the Order
  10. ^ McCreery, Christopher (2005). Events 637 - Antioch surrenders to the Muslim forces under Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of Iron bridge. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " The Order of Canada: Its Origins, History, and Development. University of Toronto Press, pp. 126, 149, 166. ISBN 0802039405.  
  11. ^ Order of Canada Constitution.
  12. ^ The criteria were Honours received: C.C., Living and Records per page: All
  13. ^ Insignia Worn by the Governor General
  14. ^ The criteria was Honours received: O.C., Living and Records per page: All.
  15. ^ The criteria was Honours received: C.M., Living and Records per page: All.
  16. ^ Image of the sovereign's badge on the Library and Archives Canada website
  17. ^ Pictures of the backside of the various medal designs.
  18. ^ Bruce W. Beatty's Membership citation
  19. ^ Margaret MacMillan, Marjorie Harris and Desjardins, Anne L. ; Canada's House: Rideau Hall and the invention of a Canadian home; Toronto: A. A. Knopf Canada with Otherwise Editions, 2004. ISBN 0-676-97675-1 page 58
  20. ^ The Canadian Honours System: Wearing Of Orders, Decorations and medals. page 2
  21. ^ Constitution of the Order Section 24-(3)-B
  22. ^ http://www.pch.gc.ca/progs/cpsc-ccsp/sc-cs/arm1_e.cfm — Coat of Arms of Canada.
  23. ^ Coat of arms of Michaëlle Jean, displaying the Order motto and medal. A coat of arms or armorial bearings (often just arms for short in European tradition is a design belonging to a particular person (or group of people Michaëlle Jean, CC CMM COM CD ʒɑ̃ (born September 6, 1957, in Port-au-Prince,
  24. ^ [1] Globe and Mail's article on the process of removing Ahenakew from the Order.
  25. ^ http://archives.cbc.ca/IDCC-1-41-1493-10073/sports/alan_eagleson/ CBC account on the rise and fall of Eagleson.
  26. ^ Quebec Cree Chief wants Ahenakew to lose Order of Canada. CBC article on Ahenakew's comments and reactions.
  27. ^ Since 2004, Karin Kain has served on the Advisory Council ex-officio as chair of the Canada Council for the Arts. C D E She resigned from the latter position in March, 2008. Since this time, vice-chair Simon Brault has chaired meetings of the Canada Council for the Arts. It is unclear who, if anyone, has replaced Kain on the Order of Canada Advisory Council.
  28. ^ http://www.cbc.ca/news/obit/queenmother/timeline.html. Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon was appointed to the order on October 31, 2000. Events 445 BC – Ezra reads the Book of the Law to the Israelites in Jerusalem (see Nehemiah 91 NLTse 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar.
  29. ^ http://gg.ca/honours/search-recherche/honours-desc.asp?lang=e&TypeID=orc&id=7732 Queen Mother's listing on the Order of Canada rolls.
  30. ^ The Queen Mother, as a member of the Canadian Royal Family was a Canadian subject but not a Canadian citizen. TalkCommonewalth realm.-->The monarchy of
  31. ^ Announcement of Frank Gehry's honorary appointment as a Companion
  32. ^ Gehry, though born in Toronto, moved with his family to the United States in 1942, before the enactment of the Canadian Citizenship Act, 1946. Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario However, Ghery was given Canadian citizenship again in 2002. CBC News: Gehry named to Order of Canada; June 17, 2003
  33. ^ [2]
  34. ^ Zena Sheardown was the wife of John Sheardown, a Canadian employed at the Canadian Embassy in Iran during the Iranian Revolution of 1979. At great risk to her personal safety, Mrs. Sheardown was instrumental in the success of the Canadian Caper allowing 6 American diplomats to be safely removed from the country. The Canadian Caper was the unofficial name given to the Covert rescue by the Government of Canada of six American Diplomats who evaded capture Sheardown was the first honorary appointment to the Order of Canada. The uniqueness of this appointment made it slow, to the point that Flora MacDonald had to ask for and receive unanimous consent from the House of Commons before the appointment was seriously considered. Flora MacDonald may refer to Flora MacDonald (Scottish Jacobite (1722&ndash1790 known for her daring rescue of Bonnie Prince Charlie Flora MacDonald By the time she was invested into the Order in 1986 Mrs. Sheardown had become a Canadian citizen and the Advisory Council changed her status from honorary to substantive.
  35. ^ Canadian Press; CTV News: Order of Cda. medal auction to proceed by e-mail; January 6, 2007

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