In Roman mythology, Orcus was a god of the underworld, punisher of broken oaths, more equivalent to Pluto than to the Greek Hades, and later identified with Dis Pater. Roman mythology, or more appropriately Latin mythology, refers to the mythological beliefs of the Italic people inhabiting the region of Latium and its Pluto was the Roman god of the underworld known in Latin as Tertius the counterpart of the Greek Hades. Hades (from Greek, Hadēs, originally, Haidēs or, Aidēs, probably from Indo-European *n̥-wid- 'unseen' refers both to the ancient Dis Pater, or Dispater, was a Roman and Celtic god of the Underworld, later subsumed by Pluto or Hades. He was portrayed in paintings in Etruscan tombs as a hairy, bearded giant. A temple to Orcus may have existed on the Palatine Hill in Rome. The Palatine Hill ( Latin: Collis Palatium or Mons Palatinus) is the centermost of the Seven Hills of Rome Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2
The origins of Orcus may have lain in Etruscan religion. The Etruscans were a people of unknown origin living in Northern Italy, who were eventually integrated into Roman culture and politically became part of the Roman Republic Orcus was a name used by Roman writers to identify a Gaulish god of the underworld. Gaul (Gallia was the Roman name for the region of Western Europe comprising present day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western The so-called "Tomb of the Orcus", an Etruscan site at Tarquinia, is a misnomer, resulting from its first discoverers mistaking as Orcus a hairy, bearded giant that was actually a figure of a Cyclops. Tarquinia, formerly Corneto and in Antiquity Tarquinii, is an ancient city in the Province of Viterbo, Lazio, Italy. In Greek mythology and later Roman mythology, a cyclops (ˈsaɪklɒps or kyklops ( Greek) is a member of a primordial race of
'Orcus', in Roman mythology, was an alternative name for Pluto, Hades, or Dis Pater, god of the land of the dead. The name "Orcus" seems to have been given to his evil and punishing side, as the god who tormented evildoers in the afterlife. Like the name Hades (or the Norse Hel, for that matter), "Orcus" could also mean the land of the dead.
From Orcus' association with death and the underworld, his name came to be used for demons and other underworld monsters, particularly in Italian where orco refers to a kind of monster found in fairy-tales that feeds on human flesh. The French word ogre (appearing first in Charles Perrault's fairy-tales) may have come from variant forms of this word, orgo or ogro; in any case, the French ogre and the Italian orco are exactly the same sort of creature. An ogre (feminine ogress) is a large cruel and hideous Humanoid Monster, featured in mythology folklore and fiction An early example of an orco appears in Ludovico Ariosto's Orlando Furioso, as a bestial, blind, tusk-faced monster inspired by the Cyclops of the Odyssey; this orco should not be confused with the orca, a sea-monster also appearing in Ariosto. Orlando Furioso ("The Frenzy of Orlando" more literally "Mad Orlando" in Italian furioso is seldom capitalized is an Italian In Greek mythology and later Roman mythology, a cyclops (ˈsaɪklɒps or kyklops ( Greek) is a member of a primordial race of The Odyssey ( Greek: Ὀδύσσεια or Odússeia) is one of two major ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer. The Orca or Killer Whale ( Orcinus orca) less commonly Blackfish or Seawolf, is the largest species of the Oceanic dolphin family
This orco was the inspiration to J. R. R. Tolkien's orcs in his The Lord of the Rings. Orc (OR'k is a word used to refer to a race of various tough and warlike humanoid creatures in various Fantasy settings appearing originally in the stories The Lord of the Rings is an epic In a text published in The War of the Jewels, Tolkien stated:
Note. The War of the Jewels is the 11th volume of Christopher Tolkien's series The History of Middle-earth, analyzing the unpublished manuscripts of The word used in translation of Q urko, S orch, is Orc. But that is because of the similarity of the ancient English word orc, 'evil spirit or bogey', to the Elvish words. There is possibly no connexion between them. The English word is now generally supposed to be derived from Latin Orcus.
Also, in an unpublished letter [1] sent to Gene Wolfe, Tolkien also made this comment:
Orc I derived from Anglo-Saxon, a word meaning demon, usually supposed to be derived from the Latin Orcus -- Hell. But I doubt this, though the matter is too involved to set out here.
From this use, countless other fantasy games and works of fiction have borrowed the concept of the orc. Fantasy is a Genre that uses magic and other Supernatural forms as a primary element of plot, theme, and/or setting
Additionally, Orcus appears as the Lord of Demons in Fred Saberhagen's Empire of the East series; in the role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons, Orcus is a demon prince and lord of the undead; through this latter use Orcus appears in the computer game NetHack as a demon prince found in Gehennom who holds a wand of death. Fred Thomas Saberhagen ( May 18, 1930 &ndash June 29, 2007) was a Chicago -born American Science fiction and Fantasy A role-playing game ( RPG; often roleplaying game) is a Game in which the participants assume the roles of Fictional characters. Dungeons & Dragons (abbreviated as D&D or DnD) is a Fantasy Role-playing game (RPG originally designed by Orcus is the Fictional demon prince, and lord of the undead in many Campaign settings for the Dungeons & Dragons In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy Role-playing game, demon lords (also known as Abyssal lords in 2E ''AD&D'') are demons In the Dungeons & Dragons Fantasy Role-playing game, creature types are rough categories of creatures which determine the way game NetHack is a single-player Roguelike computer game originally released in 1987. for the Polish film see Gehenna (film See also Jewish eschatology Gehennam (or gehenom or gehinom (גהינום is As an enemy of Satan and a king of the underworld, he is leader of one of Hell's least evil demon factions in Warrior Nun Areala. Warrior Nun Areala is a fictional Manga -style American comic book character created by Ben Dunn and published by Antarctic Press. He also appears as a character in Christopher Moore's novel A Dirty Job, in which he is associated with the Morrigan, although no such connection exists in classical mythology. Christopher Moore (born 1957 in Toledo, Ohio) is an American writer of Absurdist fiction. A Dirty Job is the ninth novel by Christopher Moore, published in 2006. The Morrígan ("terror" or "phantom queen" or Mórrígan ("great queen" (also known as Morrígu, Morríghan, Mor-Ríoghain A version of Orcus is also the main character of the web comic Orcusville [2]
There is also a trans-Neptunian object called 90482 Orcus after this deity. Webcomics, online comics, or Internet comics are Comics Published on a Website, often exclusively providing easy access to an A trans-Neptunian object (TNO is any object in the Solar system that Orbits the sun at a greater distance on average than Neptune. TemplateInfobox Planet. --> 90482 Orcus (, Orcus originally known by the Provisional designation
See also
References
- Grimal, P. Orc (OR'k is a word used to refer to a race of various tough and warlike humanoid creatures in various Fantasy settings appearing originally in the stories Demogorgon, although often ascribed to Greek mythology, is actually attributed to a Christian scholar ca 350-400 CE imagined as the name of a pagan An ogre (feminine ogress) is a large cruel and hideous Humanoid Monster, featured in mythology folklore and fiction Pluto was the Roman god of the underworld known in Latin as Tertius the counterpart of the Greek Hades. (1986). The Dictionary of Classical Mythology. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. (p. 328)
- Richardson, L. (1992). A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome. Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press. (p. 278)
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