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For the use of the term "orchestration" in computer science, see orchestration (computers)

Orchestration is the study or practice of writing music for orchestra (or, more loosely, for any musical ensemble) or of adapting for orchestra music composed for another medium. Orchestration describes the automated arrangement coordination and management of complex computer systems Middleware, and services Music is an Art form in which the medium is Sound organized in Time. An orchestra is an instrumental ensemble, usually fairly large with string brass woodwind sections and possibly a percussion section as well A musical ensemble is a group of two or more Musicians who perform instrumental or vocal Music. It only gradually over the course of music history came to be regarded as a compositional art in itself.

There are two general kinds of adaptation: transcription, which closely follows the original piece, and arrangement, which tends to change significant aspects of the original piece. This article is about music For other uses see Transcription disambiguation page In Music, transcription is the act of notating In Music, an arrangement refers either to a rewriting of a piece of existing Music with additional new material or to a fleshing-out of a compositional sketch such In practice, however, the terms transcription and arrangement are often used interchangeably.

Orchestration applies, strictly speaking, only to the orchestra, whereas the term instrumentation applies to all instrumental groups. In Music, the word instrumentation is used to refer to the particular combination of Musical instruments employed in a composition and to the properties Instrumentation in this sense subsumes orchestration. In the study of orchestration — in contradistinction to the practice — the term instrumentation may also refer to consideration of the defining characteristics of individual instruments rather than to the art of combining instruments.

In commercial music, especially musical theatre and film music, independent orchestrators are often used because it is difficult to meet tight deadlines when the same person is required both to compose and to orchestrate.

Film orchestrators often work from a short score (that is, a score written on several musical staves). Sheet music is a hand-written or printed form of Musical notation; like its analogs -- books pamphlets etc In standard Western Musical notation, the staff ( AmE) or stave Broadway orchestrators are more likely to work from a piano score (as does Jonathan Tunick when he orchestrates Stephen Sondheim's songs, for example) or from a lead sheet. Jonathan Tunick (born 19 April 1938) is an orchestrator musical director and composer one of very few persons to have won all four major American show business Stephen Joshua Sondheim (born March 22 1930 is an American musical and film composer and lyricist winner of an Academy Award, multiple Tony Awards (seven In the latter case, arranging as well as orchestration will be involved.

Historically significant orchestration texts

See also

External links

Dictionary

orchestration

-noun

  1. (uncountable) the arrangement of music for performance by an orchestra
  2. (countable) a composition that has been orchestrated
  3. (uncountable) the control of diverse elements
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