| Oradea Nagyvárad |
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| Coordinates: | |||
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| Country |  Romania |
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| County | Bihor County | ||
| Status | County capital | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor | Mihai Groza (interim) (Democratic Party) | ||
| Area | |||
| - County capital | 111. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania List of counties See also List of Romanian Counties by Population The Judeţe (translated in English as "counties" are administrative Romania 's administration is relatively centralised and administrative subdivisions are therefore fairly simplified A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government The Democratic Party ( Romanian: Partidul Democrat, PD was a centre-right party of Romania. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 2 km² (42. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 9 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2002)[1] | |||
| - County capital | 206,614 | ||
| - Density | 1,858/km² (4,812. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 2/sq mi) | ||
| - Metro | 260,000 | ||
| - July 1, 2004 | 206,235 | ||
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) | ||
| Website: http://www.oradea.ro/ | |||
Oradea (pronunciation in Romanian: /o'ra. A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central Eastern European Time ( EET) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time Daylight saving time ( DST Eastern European Summer Time ( EEST) is one of the names of UTC+3 Time zone, 3 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+3 is used in the following locations Moscow Time Eastern European Summer Time West Asian Summer Time Romanian or Daco-Romanian ( dated: Rumanian or Roumanian; self designation limba română, ˈlimba roˈmɨnə is a Romance děa/, Hungarian: Nagyvárad, colloquially also Várad, German: Großwardein, former Turkish: Varat, Yiddish: גרויסווארדיין) is the capital city of Bihor County, in Crişana, Romania. Hungarian ( magyar nyelv) is a Uralic language (more specifically a Ugric language) unrelated to most other languages in Europe. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Turkish ( tr Türkçe IPA) is a language spoken by over 63 million people worldwide making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Yiddish (yi [[wiktייִדיש ייִדיש]] yidish or yi [[wiktאידיש אידיש]] idish, literally "Jewish" is a nonterritorial High Bihor (bi'hor in Hungarian: Bihar (bi'har is a county ( Judeţ) of Romania, in Crişana, with capital city at Oradea Crişana is also a local newspaper in Oradea, Romania. Crişana ( Hungarian: Körösvidék, Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania The city proper has a population of 206,614 as of the 2002 census; this does not include areas from the metropolitan area, outside the municipality; they bring the total urban area population to approximately 240,000. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Oradea is one of the most prosperous cities of Romania.
Contents |
Geography
The city lies at the meeting point of the Crişana plain and the Crişul Repede's basin. Crişul Repede ( Romanian) or Sebes-Körös ( Hungarian) is a river in Bihor county Crişana, Romania and in southeastern It is situated 126 meters above sea-level, surrounded on the north-eastern part by the hills of Oradea belonging to the Ses hills. The main part of the settlement is situated on the floodplain and on the terraces situated down the river Crişul Repede. Oradea is famous for its thermal springs. The river Crişul Repede crosses the city right in the centre, providing it with a picturesque beauty. Its output depends on the season; the water containers (the dyke near Tileagd) have partly controlled it ever since they were built in the early 1980s.
History
Oradea dates back to a small 10th century castle, while its bishopric was founded during the 11th century by King Ladislaus I of Hungary. 10th century founded Várad ( Vár = Castle, -ad = diminutive suffix (cf For other monarchs with similar names please see Ladislaus I (disambiguation. The Kingdom of Hungary (short form Hungary) was a considerable state in Central Europe that existed from 1001 to 1918 then from 1919 to 1946 The first documented mention of its name was in 1113 under the Latin name Varadinum. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. The city flourished during the 13th century. The Citadel of Oradea, the ruins of which remain today, was first mentioned in 1241 during the Mongol invasion. A citadel is a fortress for protecting a Town, sometimes incorporating a Castle. The Mongol invasions of Europe, under the leadership of Subutai, centered on the destruction of East Slavic principalities such as Kiev and Vladimir The 14th century was one of the most prosperous period in the city's life. Statues of St. Stephen, Emeric and Ladislaus (before 1372) and the equestrian sculpture of St. Ladislaus (1390) were erected in Oradea. An equestrian statue is a Statue of a Horse -mounted rider The term is from the Latin " eques," meaning " Knight For other monarchs with similar names please see Ladislaus I (disambiguation. St. Ladislaus' fabled statue was the first proto-renaissance public square equestrian in Europe. Bishop Andreas Báthori (1329-1345) rebuilt the cathedral in Gothic style. See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. From that epoch dates also the Hermes, now preserved at Györ, which contains the skull of King Ladislaus, and which is a masterpiece of the Hungarian goldsmith's art.
Georg von Peuerbach worked at the Observatory of Varadinum (also called Großwardein/Oradea/Nagyvarad), using it as the reference or prime meridian of Earth in his Tabula Varadiensis, published posthumously in 1464. Georg von Peuerbach (also Purbach, Peurbach, Purbachius, his real Surname is unknown (born May 30, 1423 in Peuerbach
In 1474 the city was devastated by the Turks. It was not until the 16th century that Oradea started growing as an urban area. In the 18th century, the Viennese engineer Franz Anton Hillebrandt planned the city in Baroque style and, starting from 1752, many landmarks were constructed such as the Roman Catholic Cathedral and the Bishop's Palace, presently the Muzeul Ţării Crişurilor ("The Museum of the Crişland"). Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. Baroque art redirects here Please disambiguate such links to Baroque painting, Baroque sculpture, etc
After the Ottoman invasion of Hungary in the 16th century, the city was administered at various times by the Principality of Transylvania, the Ottoman Empire, and the Habsburg Monarchy. The wars of the Ottoman Empire in Europe are also sometimes referred to as the Ottoman Wars or as Turkish Wars, particularly in older European The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish Habsburg Monarchy (alternatively Habsburg Empire) refers to the territories ruled by the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg, and then by the successor In 1598, the fortress was besiged and, on August 27, 1660, Oradea fell to the Turks and became an eyalet center as Varat. Events 479 BC - Greco-Persian Wars: Persian forces led by Mardonius are routed by Pausanias, the Spartan The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish Varat Eyalet had Varat (Oradea), Salanta, Debreçin (formerly part of Budin and Eğri Eyalets), Halmaş, Sengevi and Yapışmaz sanjaks. Salonta (Nagyszalonta Großsalontha is a city and municipality in Bihor county Transylvania, Romania Population The city has a population Debrecen, (approximate pronunciation Deb-ret-sen known by alternative names) is the second largest city in Hungary after Budapest. The city was liberated by the Austrians in September 1692.
In the second half of the 19th century literary nicknames for the town included "Hungarian Compostela", "Felix civitas", "Paris on the River Pece", "the City of Tomorrow", "Athens on the Körös", and "the City of Yesterday". Körös (- Hungarian, Romanian: Criş, German: Kreisch) is the name of a River in eastern Hungary. These nicknames are not widely used today, although "Paris on the River Pece" is still utilised sometimes.
At the end of World War I, despite its huge Hungarian majority, Oradea was given without any plebiscite to the Kingdom of Romania. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All See also Kings of Romania The Kingdom of Roumania (or ' Romania ' in post-1969 and also current spelling was the old Romanian state based on a form of The Second Vienna Award in 1940 returned northern parts of Transylvania, including Oradea, to Hungary; this arrangement only lasted until the end of World War II when the lands were again given to Romania. The Second Vienna Award was the second of two Vienna Awards Rendered on August 30, 1940, it assigned the territory of Northern Transylvania from World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including
In 1925 the status of municipality was given to Oradea dissolving its former civic autonomy. County capitals of Romania A municipality ( municipiu in According to this ordinance it was also renamed from Oradea-Mare ("Greater" Oradea) to Oradea.
Ethnic tensions sometimes run high in the area in the past but the different ethnic groups now generally live together in harmony, thriving on each other's contributions to modern culture. There are many mixed (Romanian-Hungarian) families in Oradea, with children assimilating into both of their parents' cultures and learning to speak both languages.
Jewish community
- This section incorporates text from the 1901–1906 Jewish Encyclopedia, a publication now in the public domain. The Jewish Encyclopedia was an Encyclopedia originally published between 1901 and 1906 by Funk and Wagnalls. The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
The chevra kadisha was founded in 1735, the first synagogue in 1803, and the first communal school in 1839. See also Bereavement in Judaism A chevra kadisha ( Aramaic: חברה קדישא "holy society" is a loosely structured but generally closed A synagogue (from Greek: grc συναγωγή transliterated synagogē, "assembly" he בית כנסת beit knesset, "house of 1803 ( MDCCCIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Not until the beginning of the 19th century were Jews permitted to do business in any other part of the city, and even then they were required to withdraw at nightfall to their own quarter. In 1835 permission to live at will in any part of the city was granted them.
The Jewish community of Oradea became divided into Orthodox and Reform congregations. Orthodox Judaism is the formulation of Judaism that adheres to a relatively strict interpretation and application of the laws and ethics first canonized Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently subjected to vandalism and the insertion of personal opinions While the members of the Reform congregation still retained their membership in the chevra kadisha, they started to use a cemetery of their own in 1899. In the early 20th century, the Jews of Oradea had won prominence in the public life of the city; there were Jewish manufacturers, merchants, lawyers, physicians, and farmers; the chief of police (1902) was a Jew; and in the municipal council, the Jewish element was proportionately represented. The community possessed, in addition to the hospital and chevra kadisha already mentioned, a Jewish women's association, a grammar school, an industrial school for boys and girls, a yeshiva, a soup kitchen, etc. A grammar school is one of several different types of School in the history of education in the United Kingdom and other English-speaking countries In Ireland the Industrial Schools Act of 1868 established industrial schools ( Irish: scoileanna saothair) to care for "neglected orphaned and abandoned Yeshiva or yeshivah (jəʃi'və ( Hebrew: ישיבה "sitting (n A soup kitchen or a bread line is a place where Food is offered to the Poor and Homeless for free or at a reasonably low Price
According to the Center for Jewish Art:
The Oradea Jewish community was once the most active both comercially and culturally in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In 1944, twenty-five thousand Oradean Jews were deported to concentration camps, thus decimating this vital community. Three hundred Jews reside in Oradea today. In the center of the city, towering over other buildings in the area, is the large Neolog Temple Synagogue built in 1878. The unusual cube-shaped synagogue with its large cupola is one of the largest in Romania. Inside there is a large organ and stucco decorations. In 1891, the Orthodox community also built a complex of buildings including two synagogues and a community center. [2]
In 1944, the Jews of Oradea were deported to extermination camps by the Nazis, where the vast majority of them were murdered. Today the community is very small, numbering no more than a couple of hundred.
Kings buried
- 1096 Ladislaus I of Hungary
- 1131 Stephen II of Hungary
- 1235 Andrew II of Hungary
- 1295 Fenenna, wife of Andrew III of Hungary
- 1319 Beatrix of Luxemburg, wife of Charles I of Hungary
- 1367 Elisabeth, daughter of Basarab I of Wallachia
- 1395 Mary of Hungary
- 1437 Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary
Politics
The Oradea Municipal Council, elected in the 2004 local government elections, is made up of 27 councilors, with the following party composition:
| Party | Seats | Incumbent Council | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 10 | |||||||||||
| Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania | 7 | |||||||||||
| National Liberal Party | 4 | |||||||||||
| Social Democratic Party | 4 | |||||||||||
| Greater Romania Party | 2 | |||||||||||
After the 2008 local government elections, the party composition of the Municipal Council will be the following:
| Party | Seats | Succeeding Council | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Liberal Party | 10 | |||||||||||
| Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania | 7 | |||||||||||
| Democratic-Liberal Party | 7 | |||||||||||
| Social Democratic Party | 3 | |||||||||||
Ethnicity
Historical
| Year | Total | Romanian | Hungarian |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1538 | 20,000 (est. For other monarchs with similar names please see Ladislaus I (disambiguation. Stephen II ( Hungarian: II István, Croatian: Stjepan III, Slovak: Štefan II) (1101 &ndash March 1131 King Andrew II the Jerosolimitan ( Hungarian: Jeruzsálemi II András/Endre, Croatian: Andrija I Andrew III the Venetian (III (Velencei András/Endre Andrija II Ondrej III (c Charles I of Hungary (Károly Róbert Karlo Robert Karol Róbert (1288 Naples, Italy &ndash 16 July 1342, Visegrád, Basarab I was an early ruler of the Principality of Wallachia from perhaps as early as 1310 until 1352 For the Habsburg consort of Louis II of Hungary, later Regent of the Netherlands see Mary of Austria (1505-1558 Mary of Hungary (c For other nobles of the same name please see Sigismund. Sigismund ( February 14, 1368 – December 9, The Democratic Party ( Romanian: Partidul Democrat, PD was a centre-right party of Romania. The Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania, (also Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania; Hungarian: Romániai Magyar Demokrata Szövetség The Partidul Naţional Liberal ( National Liberal Party) is a liberal party in Romania, and the second largest party in parliament being edged out The Social Democratic Party of Romania (in Romanian, Partidul Social Democrat, PSD is a major political party of Romania. The Greater Romania Party (Partidul România Mare PRM is a Romanian neo-fascist political party led by Corneliu Vadim Tudor. The Partidul Naţional Liberal ( National Liberal Party) is a liberal party in Romania, and the second largest party in parliament being edged out The Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania, (also Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania; Hungarian: Romániai Magyar Demokrata Szövetség The Democratic Party ( Romanian: Partidul Democrat, PD was a centre-right party of Romania. The Social Democratic Party of Romania (in Romanian, Partidul Social Democrat, PSD is a major political party of Romania. The Romanians (dated Rumanians or Roumanians; Romanian: români or historically and today rather seldom and only regional rumâni Hungarians (or Magyars, magyarok are an Ethnic group primarily associated with Hungary. )(Hungarians) | n. a. | n. a. |
| 1720 | 216 (Turks, Greeks, Serbs) | n. a. | n. a. |
| 1787 | 9790 | n. a. | n. a. |
| 1870 | 28,698 | n. a. | n. a. |
| 1880 | 34,231 | 6. 1% | 85. 5% |
| 1890 | 42,042 | 6. 07% | 85. 5% |
| 1900 | 54,109 | 6. 4% | 89. 5% |
| 1910 | 64,169 | 5. 6% | 91. 1% |
| 1919 | 73,025 | 11. 8% | 62. 1% |
| 1930 | 82,687 | 25% | 67% |
| 1966 | 122,634 | 46% | 52% |
| 1977 | 170,531 | 53% | 45% |
| 1992 | 222,741 | 64% | 34% |
| 2002 | 206,614 | 70% | 28% |
Contemporary population
Ethnic breakdown from the 2002 census:
- Romanian: 145,284 (70. 3%)
- Hungarian: 56,987 (27. The Hungarian minority of Romania is the largest ethnic minority in Romania consisting of 1434377 people and making up 6 6%)
- Roma: 2,449 (1. The Romani people (singular Rom, plural Roma as a Noun; also known as Romanies or Roma people) are an ethnic group with origins 2%)
- German: 563 (0. This article is about the German diaspora See Germans for the German ethnicity in general 3%)
- Slovak: 474 (0. } The Slovaks or Slovakians are a western Slavic People that primarily inhabit Slovakia and speak the Slovak language, which is 2%)
- Jewish: 166 (0. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ 1%)
- Others: 691 (0. 3%)
The municipality of Oradea is officially bilingual, with the Romanian and Hungarian languages being recognised officially, and being used in the public administration, public signage, education and the justice system. Romanian or Daco-Romanian ( dated: Rumanian or Roumanian; self designation limba română, ˈlimba roˈmɨnə is a Romance Hungarian ( magyar nyelv) is a Uralic language (more specifically a Ugric language) unrelated to most other languages in Europe.
Quarters
Before 1848, Oradea was made up of 4 separate towns: Várad-Újváros (Villa Nova, former Vicus Zombathely), Várad-Olaszi (Villa Latinorum Varadiensium), Várad-Velence (Vicus Venetia), Várad-Váralja (Civitas Waradiensis). Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap The names Vicus Venetia, Villa Latinorum, Vicus Bolognia, Vicus Padua and others refer to the French, Walloons, and Italian inhabitants who settled in the 13th century. Venice ( Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venesia or Venexia) is a city in Northern Italy, the capital of the Latium was a region of ancient Italy, home to the original Latin people. Bologna (boloɲa from Latin Bononia, Bulåggna in Bolognese dialect is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy Padua ( Padova 'padova Latin: Patavium, Padoa) is a city in the Veneto, northern Italy. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Wallonia, or Wallonie, (Wallonie Wallonien Wallonië Waloneye is the Meridional part of Belgium belonging to the Romance linguistic field Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest
Today the city is made up of the following districts called quarters (cartiere in Romanian):
- Centru Oradea (city centre); * Nufărul; * Rogerius; * Velenţa; * Ioşia; * Ioşia Nord; * Oncea; * Salca; * Seleuş; * Vie; * Iorga; * Olosig; * Episcopia Bihor
The quarter named Vie is also known as Podgoria. Nufărul (Hungarian Tavirózsa) is a large "satellite" quarter ( cartier in Romanian) on the eastern outskirts of Oradea, Bihor Velenţa (veˈlentsa Váradvelence is a quarter or district in eastern Oradea, Romania. Ioşia ('ǐoʃia (Hungarian Őssi) is an outlying quarter (or district in Oradea, Romania. Vie (IPA /'vie/ which means vine in Romanian, is a district or quarter of Oradea, a city in Bihor, Romania. "Vie" and "podgorie" mean the same thing in Romanian, i. e. wine-growing estate.
| Districts of Oradea |
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Oradea | Vie | Nufărul | Rogerius | Velenţa | Cantemir | Ioşia |
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Economy
Oradea has long been one of the more prosperous cities in Romania, due mainly to its location on the Hungarian border, making it a gateway towards Western Europe. Vie (IPA /'vie/ which means vine in Romanian, is a district or quarter of Oradea, a city in Bihor, Romania. Nufărul (Hungarian Tavirózsa) is a large "satellite" quarter ( cartier in Romanian) on the eastern outskirts of Oradea, Bihor Rogerius is a district or quarter ( cartier in Romanian) of Oradea, the largest city of Bihor County, Romania. Velenţa (veˈlentsa Váradvelence is a quarter or district in eastern Oradea, Romania. Cantemir is a district of the Romanian city of Oradea. Ioşia ('ǐoʃia (Hungarian Őssi) is an outlying quarter (or district in Oradea, Romania. Bihor (bi'hor in Hungarian: Bihar (bi'har is a county ( Judeţ) of Romania, in Crişana, with capital city at Oradea Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Western Europe at its most general meaning means 'all the countries in the West of Europe ' The GDP per capita of Oradea is approximately 150% of the Romanian average. [3] After 1989, due to its important base of consumers, Oradea enjoyed an economic renewal, not so much in industry but rather in the services sector.
Despite this, a survey by Capital Magazine named Oradea as the least dynamic city in Romania with a population over 150,000, falling behind Cluj-Napoca, Arad and Timişoara. (pronunciation in Romanian: /'kluʒ na'poka/ Klausenburg Kolozsvár Napoca Castrum Clus Claudiopolis קלויזנבורג Kloiznburg until 1974 Cluj, is the third Arad (pronunciation in Romanian: /a'rad/ Hungarian: Arad; Serbian: Арад Arad) is the capital city of Arad County Timişoara (pronunciation in Romanian: {{IPA|/timiˈʃo̯ara/}}; Hungarian: Temesvár, German: Temeschburg, Temeswar In particular, the city was criticised for high taxes, poor infrastructure and a lack of a clear development strategy. [4]
Oradea has an unemployment rate of 6. 0%, slightly lower than the Romanian average but much higher than Bihor County's average of around 2%. Oradea currently produces around 63% of the industrial production of Bihor County while accounting for around 34. Bihor (bi'hor in Hungarian: Bihar (bi'har is a county ( Judeţ) of Romania, in Crişana, with capital city at Oradea 5% of the population of the county. Its main industries are furniture, textiles and clothing, footwear and food.
In September 2002, Metro opened the first "cash & carry" store in Oradea.
In 2003, the Lotus Market commercial centre opened in Oradea; it was the first large shopping centre to open in the city. Lotus Market is a company headquartered in Oradea, Romania, that owns the first and largest shopping centre in Oradea
In the spring of 2005, Selgros opened another "cash & carry" store in Oradea. Selgros is the second largest Cash & Carry company in Europe It is owned by Rewe Group (50% and Otto Group (50%
In the summer of 2006, Real opened the third "cash and carry" store in Oradea.
Transport
The public transport network is run by OTL, a municipal agency. Public transport in Oradea (a city in Bihor County, Romania) is run by Regia Autonomă "Oradea Transport Local" commonly known as OTL which It is made up of three tram lines (1R, 1N, 2, 3R, 3N) and some bus lines. A tram, tramcar, trolley, trolley car, or streetcar is a railborne vehicle, of lighter weight and construction than a Train The city has four train stations: Central, West, East and Episcopia Bihor. |}A train station, railway station, railroad station, or station yard is a facility at which Passengers may board and alight from Trains The West Station is located in the quarter of Ioşia, the Central station (called simply Oradea) is located in the city centre, near the quarter of Vie, while the East station is located in Velenţa.
Oradea is served by Oradea International Airport, which has flights from major Romanian cities as well as some cities in northern Italy. Oradea International Airport is located inside the Metropolitan Area of Oradea in northwestern Romania, Bihor county, near one of the main road and
Education
Oradea is one of the main education centres of Romania. Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania The city is home to the University of Oradea, one of the largest and most modern universities in the country. The University of Oradea ( Universitatea din Oradea in Romanian) is a university located in Oradea, Romania. There also exist several private universities, one being Agora University, a modern academic institution founded in 2000. The Agora University is a private high education and research institution in Romania, developed inside the Agora Foundation 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Emanuel University, a Baptist school, also exists in the city since 2002. Baptist is a term describing individuals belonging to a Baptist church or a Baptist denomination. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. [5]. One of the oldest private universities in Romania is also situated in Oradea. Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania The Sulyok István Reform College was founded in the spring of 1990 by the Királyhágómelléki Reform Church. Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) In 1999 the school became entirely independent from the Protestant Theology College of Cluj-Napoca and changed its name to Partium Christian University. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) It presently operates with 12 faculties and a student body of 1400; the language of instruction is Hungarian.
Architecture
Oradea's architecture is a mix between Communist-era buildings, mainly in the outer quarters, and beautiful historical buildings that are remnants of the era when the city was part of Austria-Hungary. Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based In addition to many Baroque buildings, Oradea is remarkable for its particularly rich collection of Art Nouveau architecture. Baroque art redirects here Please disambiguate such links to Baroque painting, Baroque sculpture, etc Art Nouveau ( nu vo anglicised /ˈɑːt nuːvəu/ ( French for 'new art' also known as Jugendstil ( German for 'youth style' is an international
During the Communist period and in the first years of Romania's post-Communist transition, many of the historical buildings became derelict or were deteriorating. Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based After 2002, when Romania entered into an economic boom, many historical buildings in the city were restored to their previous state and currently the city gives off a very historic and well-maintained feel.
Attractions
The beautiful city centre is worth visiting, as are the Băile Felix health spas, accessible by train or bus and located outside the city. Băile Felix (Félixfürdő is a thermal spa resort near the commune of Sânmartin in Bihor County, Transylvania, Romania. A destination spa is a short term residential/lodging facility with the primary purpose of guiding individual spa-goers to develop healthy habits
Other sites worth visiting are:
- Baroque Palace of Oradea – today Muzeul Ṭarii Criṣurilor, a wonderful Baroque museum with 365 famous windows. The Baroque Palace of Oradea, also know as Palatul Baroc Oradea (Rom It was the Roman Catholic bishop's palace until 1945, when the Communist regime took the building into public ownership. It was returned to the Roman Catholic church in 2003. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Its collection includes many fossils of dinosaurs and birds from the bauxite mines at Cornet-Brusturi. FOSSIL is a standard protocol for allowing serial communication for Telecommunications programs under the DOS Operating system. Bauxite is the most important Aluminium Ore. It consists largely of the minerals Gibbsite Al(OH3 Boehmite γ-AlO(OH and
- Catedrala barocă – the biggest Baroque cathedral in Romania,
- Cetatea Oradea - Oradea's Fortress, with a pentagonal fort,
- Biserica cu Lună – a church unique in Europe, with a type of astronomical clock depicting the phases of the moon,
- Pasajul Vulturul Negru – the "Black Eagle" Passage,
- Ady Endre Museum- a museum dedicated to one of the greatest Hungarian poets,
- Teatrul de Stat – the State Theatre, plans for which were designed by two Austrian architects who had built around 100 theatres and opera houses in Europe by the end of the 19th century,
- Str. An astronomical clock is a Clock with special Mechanisms and Dials to display Astronomical information such as the relative positions of Endre Ady (Érmindszent - November 22 1877 Budapest - January 27 1919 was a Hungarian Poet. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich Republicii – one of the most beautiful streets of Transylvania, displaying an incredible number of Art Nouveau buildings (under restoration in 2006),
- There are around 100 religious sites of different denominations in Oradea, including three synagogues (however, only one is said to be still in use) and the biggest Baptist church in Eastern Europe. Transylvania (Ardeal or ro ''Transilvania'' Erdély, see also other denominations) is a Central European region located in the eastern half of the Carpathian Art Nouveau ( nu vo anglicised /ˈɑːt nuːvəu/ ( French for 'new art' also known as Jugendstil ( German for 'youth style' is an international Baptist is a term describing individuals belonging to a Baptist church or a Baptist denomination. Eastern Europe is a general term that refers to the Geopolitical region encompassing the easternmost part of the European continent.
Metropolitan area
Gallery
 The State Theatre |
 Oradea's city hall, and its clock tower |
 In the center, near the main street |
 City Hall at night |
 Kapucinus Church |
 The Oradea's famous Black Eagle passage way |
 The Black Eagle Palace |
 One of the biggest Baroque cathedrals in Romania |
 The architecture, near the passage entrance |
 Inside the passage, the Black Eagle |
Famous people
- Ady Endre
- Iuliu Baratky
- Gabriel Báthory prince of Transylvania
- Sigismund Báthory prince of Transylvania
- Ödön Beöthy
- Eliezer Berkovits
- Lajos Biró
- Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf
- Bernát Friedmann
- Georg von Peuerbach
- Michael Haydn
- Ladislaus I of Hungary
- Endre Kabos
- Péter Pázmány cardinal
- Georges Politzer
- Ede Szigligeti
- Julia Varady
- Nandor Wagner
- Emanoil Gojdu
- dr. } Oradea metropolitan area includes since 2002 the municipality of Oradea and 8 nearby communes Biharia, Borş, Cetariu, Nojorid Baroque art redirects here Please disambiguate such links to Baroque painting, Baroque sculpture, etc Endre Ady (Érmindszent - November 22 1877 Budapest - January 27 1919 was a Hungarian Poet. Iuliu Baratky ( Hungarian: Gyula Barátky; May 14, 1910, Oradea – April 14, 1962, Bucharest Gabriel Báthory ( Hungarian: Báthory Gábor 15 August, 1589 &ndash 27 October, 1613) was Prince of Transylvania from Transylvania (Ardeal or ro ''Transilvania'' Erdély, see also other denominations) is a Central European region located in the eastern half of the Carpathian For other nobles of the same name please see Sigismund. Sigismund Báthory ( 1572 - March 27, 1613) ( Transylvania (Ardeal or ro ''Transilvania'' Erdély, see also other denominations) is a Central European region located in the eastern half of the Carpathian Ödön Beöthy, (1796-1854 Hungarian deputy and orator was born in Nagyvárad (Romanian Oradea) his father being a retired officer and deputy lord-lieutenant Eliezer Berkovits (8 September 1908 Nagyvarad &ndash 20 August 1992) was a Rabbi, Theologian, Lajos Biró (born Lajos Blau) ( August 22, 1880 &ndash September 9, 1948) was a Hungarian novelist playwright and screenwriter August Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf ( November 2, 1739 &ndash October 24, 1799) was an Austrian Composer and Violinist Bernhard Friedmann or Friedmann Bernát ( October 10, 1843, Grosswardein/ Nagyvárad - October 14, 1925, Budapest) was a Georg von Peuerbach (also Purbach, Peurbach, Purbachius, his real Surname is unknown (born May 30, 1423 in Peuerbach Johann Michael Haydn ( September 14, 1737 &ndash August 10, 1806) was an Austrian Composer, the younger brother of (Franz For other monarchs with similar names please see Ladislaus I (disambiguation. Endre Kabos ( November 5, 1906 - November 4, 1944) born in Nagyvárad, Hungary was a Hungarian Sabre Péter Pázmány de Panasz ( October 4, 1570 – March 19, 1637) was a Hungarian Philosopher, Theologian, Georges Politzer ( 3 May 1903 &ndash 23 May 1942) was a French Philosopher and Marxist theoretician of Hungarian Ede Szigligeti ( 8 March 1814 &ndash 1878 was a Hungarian Dramatist. Júlia Várady (born Júlia Tözsér September 1, 1941) is a Soprano of Hungarian nationality born in Nagyvárad Hungary (today Oradea Nandor Wagner ( 7 October 1922 &ndash 15 November 1997) was a Hungarian Artist and sculptor. Emanoil Gojdu ( Gozsdu Manó in Hungarian; February 9 1802, Oradea &mdash February 3 1870, Budapest Schlauh Lőrinc cardinal rom cat.
- dr. Hosszú László vicarius generalis rom . cat
See also
Sources and external links
- This article incorporates text from the public-domain Catholic Encyclopedia of 1913. The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language Encyclopedia published by The Encyclopedia
- Oradea Online (Romanian)
- GigaCatholic
- Reggeli Újság/Nagyvárad Morning News (Hungarian)
- Oradea Jurnal Bihorean Site (Romanian)
- Várad cultural magazine (Hungarian)
- Oradea Forum Oradea City Forum
- Portal Oradea (Romanian)
- Nagyvárad.ro (Hungarian)
- Pictures of Oradea
- Oradea Flickr Group
- Pictures and maps of the Fortress
- Varadinum, the Fortress of Oradea (Romanian)
- webcam (view from the City Hall Tower)
- FC Bihor Oradea - local football club (Romanian)
- LinkedIn group for those from Oradea
Notes
- ^ National Institute of Statistics, Population of counties, municipalities and towns, July 1, 2004
- ^ Uncovering and Documenting Jewish Art and Architecture in Western Romania. The National Institute of Statistics (Institutul Naţional de Statistică is a Romanian government agency which is responsible for collecting national Statistics, Center for Jewish Art. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Summer 1998). Retrieved on 2007-03-05. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a
- ^ Zona metropolitană Oradea - Prezentare multimedia
- ^ De ce pierde viteza Oradea? (Why is Oradea losing speed?), Evenimentul Zilei
- ^ Home page of Emanuel University
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