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SingTel Optus Pty Limited
TypeSubsidiary of SingTel
Founded1981 as AUSSAT
HeadquartersFlag of Australia Sydney, Australia
Key peoplePaul O'Sullivan, Chief Executive
Jeann Low, CFO
Lawrie Turner, CIO
IndustryTelecommunications
ProductsFixed Telephony
Mobile Telephony
Internet Access
Cable Television
Leased Lines
Data Transmission
Revenue▲ $7. A subsidiary, in business matters is an entity that is controlled by a bigger and more powerful entity Singapore Telecommunications Limited () commonly abbreviated as SingTel, is Asia 's leading Telecommunications company Sydney (ˈsɪdniː is the most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 4 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. For other uses of this term see Industry (disambiguation An industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent industrious" In Marketing, a product is anything that can be offered to a Market that might satisfy a want or need In Telecommunication, telephony (təˈlɛfəni or teh-LEH-fuh-nee encompasses the general use of equipment to provide voice communication over distances specifically A mobile network operator ( MNO) also known as carriage service provider ( CSP) wireless service provider, wireless carrier, An Internet service provider ( ISP, also called Internet access provider or IAP) is a company which primarily offers their customers access to the Internet A leased line is a symmetric Telecommunications line connecting two locations A network service provider ( NSP) is a business or organization that sells bandwidth or network access by providing direct backbone access to the Internet In business revenue or revenues is Income that a company receives from its normal business activities usually from the sale of goods and services 760 billion AUD (2008) [1]
Net income▲ $552 million AUD (2008)[1]
Employees10,679 (2008)[1]
Websitehttp://www.optus.com.au/

SingTel Optus Pty Limited is the second largest telecommunications company in Australia, and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Singapore Telecommunications (ASX:SGT). The Australian dollar ( sign: $; code: AUD) is the Currency of the Commonwealth of Australia, including Christmas Net income is equal to the Income that a firm has after subtracting costs and Expenses from the total Revenue. The Australian dollar ( sign: $; code: AUD) is the Currency of the Commonwealth of Australia, including Christmas Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Singapore Telecommunications Limited () commonly abbreviated as SingTel, is Asia 's leading Telecommunications company The Australian Securities Exchange ( ASX) is the primary Stock exchange in Australia. The company primarily trades under the Optus brand, while maintaining several wholly owned subsidiary brands, such as Virgin Mobile Australia and Boost Mobile in the mobile telephony market, Uecomm in the network services market and Alphawest in the ICT services sector. Virgin Mobile Australia (VMA is a Telecommunications company based in Sydney, Australia. Boost Mobile is an Irvine CA -based brand of Mobile phone service launched in Australia (Over Optus) in 2000 and in New Zealand

To provide services, Optus owns and operates its own network infrastructure, as well as using the services of other network service providers, most notably Telstra Wholesale. A network service provider ( NSP) is a business or organization that sells bandwidth or network access by providing direct backbone access to the Internet Telstra or Telstra Corporation (often abbreviated as Telstra Corp) () is an Australian Telecommunications and media company formerly It provides services both directly to end users and also acts as a wholesaler to other service providers. Through its OptusNet brand, it provides broadband, wireless and dial-up internet services. The term broadband can have different meanings in different contexts

The company was originally known as Aussat Pty Limited prior to privatisation, when it became Optus Communications Pty Limited. It was later renamed to Cable & Wireless Optus Pty Limited before changing again to its present name.

Contents

Overview

Optus building in Adelaide, Australia.
Optus building in Adelaide, Australia.
Optus building in Melbourne
Optus building in Melbourne

Key Optus products and services include:

Retail services are sold to customers via phone, internet or through retail outlets, especially franchise chains such as Optus World, Network Communications, Strathfield, Telechoice, and Allphones. Satellite Internet services are used in locations where terrestrial Internet access is not available and in locations which move frequently Optus Television is the Cable television division of Australian Telecommunications company Optus. Sydney (ˈsɪdniː is the most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 4 Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 Brisbane ( is the state capital of Queensland. Brisbane is the third most populous city in Australia and the most populous city of Queensland Foxtel is an Australian Pay television company formed through a joint venture between Telstra, News Corporation and Consolidated Media A leased line is a symmetric Telecommunications line connecting two locations A network service provider ( NSP) is a business or organization that sells bandwidth or network access by providing direct backbone access to the Internet Franchising refers to the methods of practicing and using another person's Philosophy of business. Chain stores are Retail outlets that share a Brand and central management and usually have standardized business methods and practices Strathfield ( is an Australian retailer that sells Car stereos car alarms home entertainment Small office/home office items & mobile devices (eg Allphones is an Australian company founded in South Australia and based in New South Wales.

Subsidiaries

A number of notable wholly owned subsidiaries operate in Australia as part of the SingTel Optus group. These are:

Optus also sells mobile services under the brand name Boost Mobile. Virgin Mobile Australia (VMA is a Telecommunications company based in Sydney, Australia. Boost Mobile is an Irvine CA -based brand of Mobile phone service launched in Australia (Over Optus) in 2000 and in New Zealand [3]

Optus also has a 50% stake in the now defunct OPEL Networks. OPEL Networks Pty Limited was a Telecommunications provider that was to establish Wholesale Broadband services in regional areas of Australia [4]

Other wholly-owned subsidiaries of note no longer have a significant active role as individual entities. These are as follows:

Reef Networks was formed in 1999 to provide an optical fibre link between Brisbane and Cairns. An optical fiber (or fibre) is a Glass or Plastic fiber that carries Light along its length Brisbane ( is the state capital of Queensland. Brisbane is the third most populous city in Australia and the most populous city of Queensland Optus gained exclusive access to this link in 2001, ahead of acquiring the organisation in 2005. [5]

XYZed was established by Optus in 2000 to provide wholesale business-grade DSL services under an individual brand, but today provides a collection of products only as part of the Optus Wholesale & Satellite division. XYZed established a network of DSLAMs inside Telstra telephone exchanges, utilising Unconditioned Local Loop services to reach end users. A Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer ( DSLAM, often pronounced dee-slam) allows Telephone lines to make faster connections to the Internet Telstra or Telstra Corporation (often abbreviated as Telstra Corp) () is an Australian Telecommunications and media company formerly Local loop unbundling ( LLU) is the regulatory process of allowing multiple Telecommunications operators use of connections from the Telephone exchange 's [6]

History

AUSSAT and Deregulation

Original 1990s logo
Original 1990s logo

Optus can trace its beginnings back to the formation of the Government-owned AUSSAT Pty Limited in 1981. In 1982, AUSSAT selected the Hughes 376 for their initial satellites, with the first, AUSSAT A1, launched in August 1985. [7]. AUSSAT satellites were used for both military and civilian satellite communications, and delivering television services to remote outback communities. Television ( TV) is a widely used Telecommunication medium for sending ( Broadcasting) and receiving moving Images, either monochromatic Outback or the Outback refers to remote arid areas of Australia, although the term colloquially can refer to any lands outside of the main Urban areas

Main article: Optus fleet of satellites

With AUSSAT operating at a loss and with moves to deregulate Telecommunications in Australia, the government decided to sell AUSSAT, coupled with a telecommunications licence. This is a list of the satellites operated by Optus, an Australian telecommunications company Communications in Australia is dominated by the Telecommunications provider Telstra. The licence was sold to Optus Communications - a consortium including:

The new telecommunications company was designed to provide competition to then government owned telecommunications company Telecom Australia; now known as Telstra. Telstra or Telstra Corporation (often abbreviated as Telstra Corp) () is an Australian Telecommunications and media company formerly Telstra or Telstra Corporation (often abbreviated as Telstra Corp) () is an Australian Telecommunications and media company formerly

Early History

After privatisation, AUSSAT became Optus and its first offering to the general public was to offer long distance calls at cheaper rates than that of its competitor Telstra. The long distance calling rates on offer were initially available by consumers dialing 1 before the area code and phone number. Following this, a ballot process was conducted by then regulator AUSTEL, with customers choosing their default long distance carrier. [9] Customers who made no choice or refused to respond to the mailout campaign automatically remained as a Telstra long distance customer. Customers who remained with Telstra could dial the override code of 1456 before the area code and phone number to manually select Optus as the carrier for that single call. Since 1 July 1997, consumers have the choice of preselecting their preferred long distance carrier or dialling the override code before dialing a telephone number. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar

The group began by building an interstate fibre optic cable and a series of exchanges between Optus' interstate network and Telecom's local network. An optical fiber (or fibre) is a Glass or Plastic fiber that carries Light along its length Telstra or Telstra Corporation (often abbreviated as Telstra Corp) () is an Australian Telecommunications and media company formerly It also laid fibre optics into major office buildings and industrial areas, and focused on high bandwidth local, (interstate) long distance, and interstate calls for business. In its early years, Optus was only able to offer local and long distance calls to residential customers connected to Telstra's local phone network. Telstra would carry residential to residential calls to Optus' exchanges, and then the calls would be switched to Optus' long distance fibre optic network.

The Hybrid Fibre-Coax Rollout

These practices meant that Optus was (and still is) the single largest customer of their competitor, Telstra. Hybrid fibre-coaxial ( HFC) is a Telecommunications industry term for a broadband network which combines Optical fiber and Coaxial cable To really become competitive, Optus would need to lay its own local phone network. To provide a killer application for this, the Australian Federal government decided to sell subscription television licences. A killer application (commonly shortened to killer app) in the jargon of computer programmers and video gamers has been used to refer to any Computer program Optus, as well as the Seven Network, businessman Kerry Stokes and American cable company Cablevision, formed the Optus Vision consortium. The Seven Network is an Australian television network, owned by the Seven Media Group. Kerry Matthew Stokes AC is an Australian businessman He holds business interests in a diverse range of industries including electronic and print media property mining and Optus Television is the Cable television division of Australian Telecommunications company Optus. News Corporation, PBL and Telstra created the rival Foxtel consortium. News Corporation (often abbreviated to News Corp) (,,) is one of the world's largest media conglomerate companies by Market capitalisation Foxtel is an Australian Pay television company formed through a joint venture between Telstra, News Corporation and Consolidated Media

Telstra's copper twisted pair local phone network did not in the early 1990s have the capability to deliver their Foxtel pay television to consumers. As such a need was identified for a broadband network to support this new product.

When Telstra and Optus could not agree on terms for a joint broadband cable rollout, they began laying out two independent and parallel cable networks, on top of Telstra's existing copper network, at a combined cost estimated at over A$6bn. Telstra or Telstra Corporation (often abbreviated as Telstra Corp) () is an Australian Telecommunications and media company formerly

Whilst Telstra focused on creating a broadband network specifically for broadcast, Optus recognised an opportunity to design the network so that it could also be used to provide a telephony product.

The network was initially used to broadcast Cable TV only. In 1996 the Optus "New Deal" promotion of 20 cent local calls was launched by the Australian Prime Minister John Howard making the first local call to an Optus customer supposedly using the new Optus network. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. This article is about the government position For other uses see Prime Minister (disambiguation. See also Howard Government John Winston Howard AC (born 26 July 1939 was the 25th Prime Minister of Australia from 11 March This call however was made by the existing Telstra POTS network as the new Optus network was not ready for telephony by the advertised launch date. Telstra or Telstra Corporation (often abbreviated as Telstra Corp) () is an Australian Telecommunications and media company formerly The real activation of Optus telephony services followed later on in 1996.

Takeovers

Optus reached profitability, and part-owner Cable and Wireless bought out other members of the consortium. The company was renamed Cable and Wireless Optus. Cable and Wireless Optus was later listed on the Australian Stock Exchange. The Australian Securities Exchange ( ASX) is the primary Stock exchange in Australia. Cable and Wireless Optus was later taken over in a friendly takeover bid by SingTel and is now known as SingTel Optus Pty Ltd. Singapore Telecommunications Limited () commonly abbreviated as SingTel, is Asia 's leading Telecommunications company

In the 2003 & 2004 Financial Year, Optus reported a profit of AUD $440 million. This was an improvement of AUD $412 million from the previous year. The company has remained profitable since then.

In August 2004 Optus completed a AUD $227 million takeover of UEComm Ltd.

In July 2005 Optus announced it would acquire Alphawest Ltd. for AUD $25. 9 million. The buyout was completed in November 2005 and Alphawest is now an operating division of Optus Business.

On 12 January 2006 Optus acquired the remaining 74. Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. 15% of Virgin Mobile Australia for U$22. 6 m, giving it 100% ownership. [10]

OptusNet

Optus purchased one of Australia's pioneer ISP's, Microplex, in 1998 to provide consumer dial-up internet services. [11] [12]. The cable broadband arm was known as Optus@Home from its introduction in 1999 [13] until it was renamed in 2002. A cable modem is a type of Modem that provides access to a data signal sent over the Cable television infrastructure [14] ADSL services were offered from February 2004. Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ( ADSL) is a form of DSL, a data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over Copper Telephone [15] ADSL2+ services were provided from December 2005. ITU G9925 is an ITU ( International Telecommunication Union) standard also referred to as ADSL2+ or ADSL2Plus. [16]

OPEL Networks

In June 2007, joint venture subsidiary OPEL Networks was awarded government funding towards the cost of building a regional broadband network. OPEL Networks Pty Limited was a Telecommunications provider that was to establish Wholesale Broadband services in regional areas of Australia Optus is to be contracted to build the network on behalf of OPEL. [4][17]

In April 2008, after a change of administration, the new government terminated the funding agreement and the project was halted.

Main article: OPEL Networks

Infrastructure

Optus' fully owned network infrastructure consists of:[18][19]

Part-owned network infrastructure includes:

OptusNet is one of only five ISPs in Australia to provide Cable internet (the other four are BigPond, Neighbourhood Cable, TransACT and e-wire). Hybrid fibre-coaxial ( HFC) is a Telecommunications industry term for a broadband network which combines Optical fiber and Coaxial cable BigPond is an Australian Internet service provider and is a Subsidiary of Telstra. Neighbourhood Cable is a telecommunications provider based in regional Victoria, Australia. TransACT Capital Communications is an Australian telecommunications company based in Canberra which provides Broadband internet access fixed telephony cable television OptusNet is also one of the few ISPs in Australia to currently provide ADSL2+ via its own DSLAMs, which it also resells to other ISPs. Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ( ADSL) is a form of DSL, a data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over Copper Telephone A Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer ( DSLAM, often pronounced dee-slam) allows Telephone lines to make faster connections to the Internet [22]

Outsourcing

Since 2005, Optus has outsourced some customer service functions to Convergys, with the outsourcer providing 800 staff operating offshore in India, supplementing Optus' 3,000-plus onshore call centre staff. Outsourcing is Subcontracting a process such as product design or Manufacturing, to a Third-party company Customer service (also known as Client Service) is the provision of service to customers before during and after a purchase Convergys Corporation ( is a multi-national corporation that provides relationship management solutions outsourced customer and HR management solutions consulting and professional services Offshore may refer to oil and Natural gas production at sea see Oil platform. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country A call centre or call center (see spelling differences) is a centralized office used for the purpose of receiving and transmitting a large volume of requests by [23]

In October 2006, Optus announced that it would outsource 100 contracting jobs to a fellow SingTel subsidiary, IT company NCS, in Malaysia. Singapore Telecommunications Limited () commonly abbreviated as SingTel, is Asia 's leading Telecommunications company NCS Group (known as NCS Pte Ltd or " NCS " previously known as National Computer Systems) is a multinational Information technology [24]

References

  1. ^ a b c SingTel. Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition, Results of Operations and Cash Flows for the Fourth Quarter and Financial Year Ended 31 March 2008 (PDF) 76. Retrieved on 2008-05-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the
  2. ^ Optus. Optus Total Access Services. Retrieved on 2007-06-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses.
  3. ^ Optus (2000-08-15). 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed "Optus gives youth a boost with new mobiles". Press release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News Retrieved on 2007-12-22. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies
  4. ^ a b c Optus (2007-06-18). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries "Elders and Optus to build rural and regional broadband network". Press release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News Retrieved on 2007-07-15. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final
  5. ^ "Optus buys Reef", ZDNet Australia, 2005-03-31. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Retrieved on 2007-06-04. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China.  
  6. ^ Cable & Wireless Optus and Lucent Technologies (2000-06-14). 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the "Cable & Wireless Optus and Lucent to Build National DSL Network". Press release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News Retrieved on 2006-06-05. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem
  7. ^ AUSSAT A-Series. Australia's Satellites & Programs. LOWDOWN. Retrieved on 2007-06-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses.
  8. ^ Mayne Nickless Limited. 1999 Annual Report pg. 4. Retrieved on 2007-06-04. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China.
  9. ^ Zucker, Paul. "Australia's Telecom apologizes for misleading ads", Newsbytes News Network, 1993-06-04. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China. Retrieved on 2007-06-05. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem  
  10. ^ "Optus Acquires Virgin Mobile Australia", EFY Times, 2006-01-12. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople Retrieved on 2007-06-04. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China.  
  11. ^ "Optus Buys Microplex", Australian Cybermalls News, 1998-05-25. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors. Retrieved on 2007-06-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses.  
  12. ^ Clarke, Roger (2001-05-05). Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John A Brief History of the Internet in Australia. Retrieved on 2007-06-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses.
  13. ^ Optus (1999-12-16). Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion "Optus @Home priced for unlimited access". Press release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News Retrieved on 2007-01-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC
  14. ^ Borgo, Matt. "Optus@Home renames to OptusNet Cable", Whirlpool, 2002-03-25. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1199 - Richard I is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting France which leads to his death on April 6. Retrieved on 2007-06-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses.  
  15. ^ McNeill, Fiona. "Telstra-Optus price war erupts", Whirlpool, 2004-02-16. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols Retrieved on 2007-06-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses.  
  16. ^ Corner, Stuart. "Optus launches ADSL2+ services", iTWire, 2006-03-30. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 240 BC - 1st recorded Perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. Retrieved on 2007-06-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses.  
  17. ^ Broadband Access and Choice for rural and regional Australia (PDF). OPEL / Elders (2007-06-18). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries Retrieved on 2007-07-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father Philip II of France.
  18. ^ Optus Network. Optus. Retrieved on 2007-06-04. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China.
  19. ^ DSL Network and Coverage. Optus. Retrieved on 2007-06-04. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China.
  20. ^ Optus and Vodafone Australia (2004-11-19). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1095 - The Council of Clermont, called by Pope Urban II to discuss sending the First Crusade to the Holy Land "Optus and Vodafone Australia finalise agreement to roll out shared 3G network". Press release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News Retrieved on 2007-06-04. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China.
  21. ^ Corner, Stuart. "Optus and Aussie dollar push down SingTel results", iTWire, 2006-08-03. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 8 - Roman Empire General Tiberius defeats Dalmatians on the river Bathinus. Retrieved on 2007-06-04. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China.  
  22. ^ Australia - Broadband - ADSL2+ Providers. BuddeComm. Retrieved on 2007-06-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses.
  23. ^ "More Australian jobs coming to India", rediff NEWS, 2006-07-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England Retrieved on 2007-06-04. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China.  
  24. ^ "Optus moves 100 jobs offshore", ABC Finance News via Yahoo Finance, 2006-10-25. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Retrieved on 2007-06-04. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China.  

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