--219.65.45.176 (talk) 07:44, 11 June 2008 (UTC)

Optoelectronics is the study and application of electronic devices that source, detect and control light, usually considered a sub-field of photonics. Electronics refers to the flow of charge (moving Electrons through Nonmetal conductors (mainly Semiconductors, whereas electrical Light, or visible light, is Electromagnetic radiation of a Wavelength that is visible to the Human eye (about 400–700 Photonics is the science of generating controlling and detecting Photons particularly in the visible and near Infra-red spectrum, but In this context, light often includes invisible forms of radiation such as gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet and infrared, in addition to visible light. Gamma rays (denoted as &gamma) are a form of Electromagnetic radiation or light emission of frequencies produced by sub-atomic particle interactions X-radiation (composed of X-rays) is a form of Electromagnetic radiation. Ultraviolet ( UV) light is Electromagnetic radiation with a Wavelength shorter than that of Visible light, but longer than X-rays Infrared ( IR) radiation is Electromagnetic radiation whose Wavelength is longer than that of Visible light, but shorter than that of Optoelectronic devices are electrical-to-optical or optical-to-electrical transducers, or instruments that use such devices in their operation. A transducer is a device usually electrical, electronic, Electro-mechanical, Electromagnetic, Photonic, or Photovoltaic Electro-optics is often erroneously used as a synonym, but is in fact a wider branch of physics that deals with all interactions between light and electric fields, whether or not they form part of an electronic device. Electro-optics is a branch of Technology involving components devices and systems which operate by modification of the optical properties of a material by an Electric field Physics (Greek Physis - φύσις in everyday terms is the Science of Matter and its motion. In Physics, the space surrounding an Electric charge or in the presence of a time-varying Magnetic field has a property called an electric field (that can

Optoelectronics is based on the quantum mechanical effects of light on semiconducting materials, sometimes in the presence of electric fields. Quantum mechanics is the study of mechanical systems whose dimensions are close to the Atomic scale such as Molecules Atoms Electrons Light, or visible light, is Electromagnetic radiation of a Wavelength that is visible to the Human eye (about 400–700 A semiconductor' is a Solid material that has Electrical conductivity in between a conductor and an insulator; it can vary over that In Physics, the space surrounding an Electric charge or in the presence of a time-varying Magnetic field has a property called an electric field (that can

• Photoelectric or photovoltaic effect, used in:
  • photodiodes (including solar cells)
  • phototransistors
  • photomultipliers
  • integrated optical circuit (IOC) elements
• Photoconductivity, used in:
  • photoresistors
  • photoconductive camera tubes
  • charge-coupled imaging devices
• Stimulated emission, used in:
  • injection laser diodes
  • quantum cascade lasers quantum cascade lasers
• Lossev effect, or radiative recombination, used in:
  • light-emitting diodes or LED
• Photoemissivity, used in
  • photoemissive camera tube

Important applications of optoelectronics include:

• Optocoupler
• optical fiber communications

See also

• Photovoltaic effect
• Photoemissivity
• Stimulated emission

External links

• Richard Friend, Cavendish Professor, Cambridge, Research on Optoelectronics including development of new semi-conducting polymers Freeview video by the Vega Science Trust. A photodiode is a type of Photodetector capable of converting Light into either current or Voltage, depending upon the mode of operation A solar cell or photovoltaic cell is a device that converts Solar energy into Electricity by the photovoltaic effect. A photodiode is a type of Photodetector capable of converting Light into either current or Voltage, depending upon the mode of operation Photomultiplier tubes ( photomultipliers or PMT s for short members of the class of Vacuum tubes and more specifically Phototubes are extremely A photonic integrated circuit ( PIC) or integrated optical circuit is a device that integrates multiple photonic functions and as such is analogous to an Electronic Photoconductivity is an optical and electrical phenomenon in which a material becomes more conductive due to the absorption of electro-magnetic radiation A photoresistor or Light Dependent Resistor or CdS Cell is a Resistor whose resistance decreases with increasing incident light intensity A charge-coupled device ( CCD) is an analog Shift register, that enables the transportation of analog signals (electric charges through successive stages (capacitors In Optics, stimulated emission is the process by which an electron perturbed by a Photon having the correct energy may drop to a lower Energy level resulting A laser diode is a Laser where the active medium is a Semiconductor similar to that found in a Light-emitting diode. Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs are Semiconductor lasers that emit in the mid- to far- Infrared portion of the Electromagnetic spectrum and were first demonstrated Spontaneous emission is the process by which a light source such as an Atom, Molecule, Nanocrystal or nucleus in an Excited state In Electronics, an opto-isolator (or optical isolator, optocoupler, photocoupler, or photoMOS) An optical fiber (or fibre) is a Glass or Plastic fiber that carries Light along its length A solar cell or photovoltaic cell is a device that converts Solar energy into Electricity by the photovoltaic effect. In Optics, stimulated emission is the process by which an electron perturbed by a Photon having the correct energy may drop to a lower Energy level resulting
• Northwest Photonics Association
• OIDA (Optoelectronics Industry Development Association)
• COBRA Photonic Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
• C-MAC MicroTechnology

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