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Operation Himmler (less often known as Operation Konserve or Operation Canned Goods) was a Nazi Germany false flag project to create the appearance of Polish aggression against Germany, which was subsequently used by Nazi propaganda to justify the invasion of Poland. Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers The Second Polish Republic or interwar Poland is the Republic of Poland between World War I and World War II. Nazi propaganda is the term that describes the psychologically powerful Propaganda within Nazi Germany, much of which was centered around Jews consistently The Invasion of Poland (1939 precipitated World War II. It was carried out by Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, and a small German-allied Operation Himmler was arguably the first act of the Second World War in Europe. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including [1]

Contents

The plan

For months prior to the 1939 invasion, German newspapers and politicians like Adolf Hitler had carried out a national and international propaganda campaign accusing Polish authorities of organizing or tolerating violent ethnic cleansing of ethnic Germans living in Poland. Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately Propaganda is a concerted set of messages aimed at influencing the opinions or behaviors of large numbers of people Ethnic cleansing is a Euphemism referring to the persecution through imprisonment expulsion or killing of members of an ethnic minority by a majority to achieve ethnic homogeneity The German minority in Poland consists of 152900 people according to a 2002 census [2][3] On 22 August, Adolf Hitler told his generals:

“ "I will provide a propagandistic casus belli. Events 392 - Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor. Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately Casus belli is a Latin language expression meaning the justification for acts of war Its credibility doesn't matter. The victor will not be asked whether he told the truth. "[4][5] ”

The plan, named after its inventor, Heinrich Himmler,[1] was supervised by Reinhard Heydrich[6] and (primarily[7]) by Heinrich Müller. Heinrich Luitpold Himmler ( 7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945 was a Nazi German politician and head of the Schutzstaffel (SS. Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich ( 7 March 1904 &ndash 4 June 1942) was an SS - Obergruppenführer, chief Heinrich Müller (born April 28, 1900, date of death unknown aka "Gestapo Müller" was head of the Gestapo, the political police of Nazi [1][6] The goal of this false flag project was to create the appearance of Polish aggression against Germany, which was subsequently used to justify the invasion of Poland. The Second Polish Republic or interwar Poland is the Republic of Poland between World War I and World War II. The Invasion of Poland (1939 precipitated World War II. It was carried out by Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, and a small German-allied Hitler also might have hoped to confuse the Polish allies (Great Britain and France) to delay or prevent their declaration of war on Germany. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. [8]

The execution

The operations were mostly carried out on 31 August 1939. Events 1056 - Byzantine Empress Theodora becomes ill dying suddenly a few days later without children to succeed the Throne Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [4] The operation - as well as the main German offensive - was originally scheduled for 26 August; the shifting diplomatic situation resulted in delay until 31 August/1 September - but notably one of the German undercover units was not informed and carried out its attack on a German customs post; several Germans were killed before the incident ended. Events 1071 - Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Army at Manzikert. Events 1056 - Byzantine Empress Theodora becomes ill dying suddenly a few days later without children to succeed the Throne Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. [9] The operations were carried by agents of the SS[4] and the SD. The ( German for "Protective Squadron" abbreviated SS - or ( Runic)- was a major Nazi organization under Adolf Hitler and the The Sicherheitsdienst (SD Security Service was primarily the Intelligence service of the SS and the NSDAP. [10] The German troops, dressed in Polish uniforms, would storm various border buildings, scare the locals with inaccurate shots, carry out acts of vandalism, and retreat, leaving behind dead bodies in Polish uniforms. [10] The bodies were in fact prisoners from concentration camps; they were dressed in Polish uniforms, killed (often by a lethal injection of a poison, then shot for appearance) and left behind. Internment is the imprisonment or confinement of people commonly in large groups without trial They were described as "Konserve" i. e. , canned goods, in planning documents (which also led to the more informal name of the operation, i. e. Operation Konserve). [1][11][4][12]

There were several separate operations, including staged attacks on:

The Gleiwitz incident

For more details on this topic, see Gleiwitz incident. Gliwice (Gleiwitz is an industrial City in southern Poland with 200361 inhabitants (2004 on the Kłodnica River about 20 km to the west from The Gleiwitz incident was a staged attack on 31 August, 1939 against the German Radio station Sender Gleiwitz in Gleiwitz Rybnik Sieradz County Rybnik is a City in southern Poland, in the Silesian Voivodeship, close to the border with the Czech Republic, about Byczyna Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Byczyna (Pitschen is a Town in Kluczbork County, Opole Voivodeship, Poland, with 3708 inhabitants The Gleiwitz incident was a staged attack on 31 August, 1939 against the German Radio station Sender Gleiwitz in Gleiwitz

On the night of 31 August 1939 a small group of German operatives, dressed in Polish uniforms and led by Alfred Naujocks, seized the Gleiwitz station and broadcast a short anti-German message in Polish (sources vary on the content on the message). Events 1056 - Byzantine Empress Theodora becomes ill dying suddenly a few days later without children to succeed the Throne Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Alfred Helmut Naujocks ( September 20 1911 in Kiel - April 4 1966 in Hamburg alias Hans Müller, alias Alfred Bonsen Anti-German sentiment (or Germanophobia) is defined as a fear or hatred of Germany, its people, and the German language. Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. Several prisoners (most likely from the Dachau concentration camp) and a local Polish-Silesian activist (arrested a day before) were left dead on the scene in Polish uniforms. Dachau was a Nazi German Concentration camp, and the first one opened in Germany located on the grounds of an abandoned munitions Factory near the Etymology One theory claims that the name Silesia is derived from the Silingi, who were most likely a Vandalic (East Germanic people [11][13]

Aftermath

On 1 September, in a speech in the Reichstag, Adolf Hitler cited the 35 border incidents as justification for Germany's "defensive" action against Poland:

“ "I can no longer find any willingness on the part of the Polish Government to conduct serious negotiations with us. Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. The Reichstag ( German for "Imperial Diet " was the Parliament of the Holy Roman Empire, the North German Confederation, Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately These proposals for mediation have failed because in the meanwhile there, first of all, came as an answer the sudden Polish general mobilization, followed by more Polish atrocities. These were again repeated last night. Recently in one night there were as many as twenty-one frontier incidents: last night there were fourteen, of which three were quite serious. I have, therefore, resolved to speak to Poland in the same language that Poland for months past has used toward us. "[2] ”

By the summer of 1939, thousands of Polish Volksdeutsche had been secretly prepared for sabotage and guerrilla warfare by Breslau (Wrocław) office of Abwehr; the purpose of their activities was to provoke anti-German reprisals that could be claimed as provocations by the Germans. This page describes the origins and historical use of the term Volksdeutsche. Wrocław (Breslau Vratislav Vratislavia or Wratislavia Yiddish: ברעסלוי) is the chief City of the historical region of Lower Silesia The Abwehr was a German intelligence organization from 1921 to 1944 [14] Those German agents indeed cooperated with the German forces during the invasion of Poland, leading to some reprisals, highly exaggerated by the German Nazi propaganda. [14][15] [16]

The Operation nonetheless failed to convince international public opinion of the German claims,[8] but might have had more contemporary success in Germany itself.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Roger Manvell, Heinrich Fraenkel, Heinrich Himmler: The SS, Gestapo, His Life and Career, Skyhorse Publishing Inc. The codename Unternehmen Tannenberg (Operation Tannenberg was used for two discrete German operations At the end of August 1939 the Gleiwitz incident -like , 2007, ISBN 1602391785, Google Print, p.76
  2. ^ a b Address by Adolf Hitler - September 1, 1939; retrieved from the archives of the Avalon Project at the Yale Law School.
  3. ^ [1]German newspaper editor outlining the claims of Polish atrocities against minorities
  4. ^ a b c d James J. Wirtz, Roy Godson, Strategic Denial and Deception: The Twenty-First Century Challenge, Transaction Publishers, 2002, ISBN 0765808986, Google Print, p.100
  5. ^ Bradley Lightbody, The Second World War: Ambitions to Nemesis, Routledge, 2004, ISBN 0415224055, Google Print, p.39
  6. ^ a b 20 Nuremberg Trial Proceedings Volume 4; Thursday, 20 December 1945. The Avalon Project. Retrieved on 4 August, 2007.
  7. ^ Gerald Reitlinger, The SS, Alibi of a Nation, 1922-1945, Da Capo Press, 1989, ISBN 0306803518, Print, p.122
  8. ^ a b Steven J. Zaloga, Poland 1939: The Birth of Blitzkrieg, Osprey Publishing, 2002, ISBN 1841764086, Google Print, p.39
  9. ^ Jack Weidner, A Question of Honor, Buy Books on the web, 2002, ISBN 0741409534, Google Print, p.61
  10. ^ a b c d e Martin Allen, Himmler's Secret War: The Covert Peace Negotiations of Heinrich Himmler, Carroll & Graf Publishers, 2005, ISBN 0786717084, Google Print, p.51
  11. ^ a b c d Christopher J. Ailsby, The Third Reich Day by Day, Zenith Imprint, 2001, ISBN 0760311676, Google Print, p.112
  12. ^ John S. Craig, Peculiar Liaisons in War, Espionage, and Terrorism of the Twentieth Century, Algora Publishing, 2005, ISBN 0875863310, Google Print, p.180
  13. ^ Museum in Gliwice: WHAT HAPPENED HERE?
  14. ^ a b Perry Biddiscombe, Alexander Perry, Werwolf!: The History of the National Socialist Guerrilla Movement, 1944-1946, University of TorontoPress, 1998, ISBN 0802008623, Google Print, p.207
  15. ^ For an example of Nazi propaganda document discussing "Polish atrocities against the German people", see The Polish Atrocities Against the German Minority in Poland Compiled by Hans Schadewaldt (Berlin: German foreign office, 1940) pp. 35-54, cases 1 - 15. signed testimony of Herbert Matthes, Bromberg furniture maker
  16. ^ Richard Blanke, The American Historical Review, Vol. 97, No. 2. Apr. , 1992, pp. 580-582. Review of: Włodzimierz Jastrzębski,Der Bromberger Blutsonntag: Legende und Wirklichkeit. and Andrzej Brożek, Niemcy zagraniczni w polityce kolonizacji pruskich prowincji wschodnich (1886-1918) JSTOR

Further reading

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