Oliver Stone
Born	William Oliver Stone New York, New York, U.S.
Other name(s)	Minh Duc
Occupation	film director, producer and screenwriter
Years active	1971-present
Spouse(s)	Najwa Sarkis (1971-1977) Elizabeth Stone (1981-1993) Sun-jung Jung (1996-)

William Oliver Stone (September 15, 1946-), known as Oliver Stone, is a three-time Academy Award winning film director and screenwriter. The City of New York The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A film director, or filmmaker, is a person who directs the making of a Film. A film producer is a person who creates the conditions for making movies. Screenwriters or scenarists are Scriptwriters who write the Screenplays from which Films and Television programs are made Events 668 - Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is assassinated in his bath at Syracuse Italy. Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. A film director, or filmmaker, is a person who directs the making of a Film. Screenwriters or scenarists are Scriptwriters who write the Screenplays from which Films and Television programs are made

Contents 1 Biography 2 Recent work 3 Controversy 3.1 Stone's meeting attempt with the FARC in Colombia 4 Other work 5 Filmography 6 Bibliographies 7 Interviews 8 References 9 See also 10 External links

Biography

Stone was born in New York City. The City of New York He grew up wealthy and lived in townhouses in Manhattan and Stamford, Connecticut. Manhattan Island, in New York Harbor, is much the largest part of the Borough of Manhattan, one of the Five Boroughs which form the City of New York Stamford is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. His father was a Jewish stockbroker and his mother a Roman Catholic of upper class French birth. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ A stock broker or stockbroker is a qualified and regulated professional who buys and sells shares and other securities through Market makers or This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. He was raised an Episcopalian as a compromise^[1] but has since converted to Buddhism. The Episcopal Church is the official name of the Province of the Anglican Communion in the United States. Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices

Stone attended Trinity School before his parents sent him away to attend The Hill School, an exclusive college-preparatory school in Pottstown, Pennsylvania. Trinity School is a private, preparatory, Co-educational Day school for grades K-12 located in New York City, USA The Hill School (aka The Hill is an American preparatory Boarding school for boys and girls in grades nine through twelve A university-preparatory school or college-preparatory school (usually abbreviated to preparatory school, college prep school, or prep school Pottstown is a borough in Montgomery County, 40 miles (64 km northwest of Philadelphia, on the Schuylkill River. His parents divorced while he was away at The Hill School, and only then did Stone learn of his father's extramarital affairs with the wives of several family friends. Stone's father took him to a prostitute to lose his virginity, in his midteens. Prostitution is the act of performing Sexual activity in exchange for Money. Stone's father was also influential in obtaining jobs for his son including work on a financial exchange in France, where Stone often spent his summer vacation with his maternal grandparents, a job that proved inspirational to Stone for his movie Wall Street. Wall Street is a 1987 American film directed by Oliver Stone and features Charlie Sheen as a young stockbroker desperate Stone also considered becoming a mercenary in Congo during this time. Stone eventually graduated from The Hill School in 1964, the same year as former JP Morgan & Co. CEO, Douglas A. Warner III. The Hill School (aka The Hill is an American preparatory Boarding school for boys and girls in grades nine through twelve JPMorgan Chase & Co ( is the largest Banking institution in the United States by deposits and market capitalization and is one of the oldest operating A chief executive officer ( CEO) or chief executive is typically the highest-ranking corporate officer ( executive) or administrator Douglas 'Sandy' Warner (born June 9, 1946 as Douglas Alexander Warner III but widely known as "Sandy" is an American Banker Stone was then admitted into Yale University, where he subsequently dropped out after one year. ^[2] Stone had become inspired by Joseph Conrad's novel Lord Jim as well as by Zorba the Greek and George Harrison's music to teach English at the Free Pacific Institute in South Vietnam. Joseph Conrad (born Józef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski, 3 December 1857 – 3 August 1924 was a Polish-born English novelist Lord Jim is a novel by Joseph Conrad, originally published in Blackwood's Magazine from October 1899 to November 1900. For other uses see Zorba. Zorba the Greek is a novel written by Nikos Kazantzakis, first published in 1946 George Harrison, MBE (25 February 1943 – 29 November 2001 was an English rock Guitarist Singer - Songwriter, Author "RVN" redirects here RVN is also the former callsign of a TV station in Wagga Wagga New South Wales Australia Stone taught in Vietnam for six months after which he worked as a wiper on a United States Merchant Marine ship, traveling to Oregon and Mexico, before returning to Yale, where he dropped out a second time. See also Seafarer's professions and ranks A wiper is the most junior crewmember in the Engine room of a Ship. Overview The merchant marine is a civilian auxiliary of the U Oregon ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. Stone eventually graduated from film school at New York University (where he was mentored by director Martin Scorsese) in 1971, after his service in Vietnam. New York University ( NYU) is a private, Nonsectarian, Coeducational Research University in New York City.

A veteran of the Vietnam war, Stone served with the United States Army from April 1967 to November 1968. The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia The United States Army is a military organization whose primary mission is to "provide necessary forces and capabilities. He specifically requested combat duty and was assigned to the 25th Infantry Division and the 1st Cavalry Division, and was wounded twice in action. In His personal awards include the Bronze Star with "V" device for valor for "extraordinary acts of courage under fire", and the Purple Heart with one Oak Leaf Cluster. The Bronze Star Medal is a United States Armed Forces individual military decoration which may be awarded for bravery acts of merit or meritorious service The Valor device, also known as a combat distinguishing device, V-device, "V" device, and Combat V, is an award of the The Purple Heart is a United States military decoration awarded in the name of the President to those who have been wounded or killed while serving An oak leaf cluster or oakleaves is a common device which is placed on U

He has made three films about Vietnam —Platoon (1986), Born on the Fourth of July (1989), and Heaven & Earth (1993). Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially Platoon is a 1986 Vietnam War film written and directed by Oliver Stone and starring Charlie Sheen, Tom Berenger Born on the Fourth of July is a 1989 Film adaptation of the Autobiography of the same name by Vietnam War veteran Heaven & Earth is a 1993 film written and directed by Oliver Stone, and starring Tommy Lee Jones, Haing S He has called these films a trilogy, though they each deal with different aspects of the war. A trilogy is a set of three works of art usually Literature, Film, or Video games, that are connected and can be seen either as a single work or three Platoon is a semi-autobiographical film about Stone's experience in combat. Born on the Fourth of July is based on the autobiography of Ron Kovic. Born on the Fourth of July (ISBN 1-888451-78-5 is the best selling Autobiography of Ron Kovic, a paralyzed Vietnam War veteran who became an Ronald Lawrence Kovic (born July 4 1946 is an Anti-war Activist, Veteran and Writer who was paralyzed in the Vietnam War. Heaven & Earth is derived from the memoir When Heaven and Earth Changed Places, the true story of Le Ly Hayslip, a Vietnamese girl whose life is drastically affected by the war. When Heaven and Earth Changed Places is a 1989 Memoir by Le Ly Hayslip about her childhood during the Vietnam War, her escape to the United States Le Ly Hayslip (born Phùng Thị Lệ Lý in Vietnam, December 19 1949) is an American Memoirist and humanitarian

During this same period, Stone directed Wall Street (1987), which earned Michael Douglas an Academy Award for Best Actor, Talk Radio (1988), and The Doors (1991), starring Val Kilmer. Wall Street is a 1987 American film directed by Oliver Stone and features Charlie Sheen as a young stockbroker desperate Talk Radio is a 1988 film starring Eric Bogosian as a controversial " Shock jock " The Doors is a 1991 Biopic about the 1960s rock band of the same name which emphasizes the life of its lead singer Jim Morrison Val Edward Kilmer (born December 31, 1959) is an American Actor.

Stone has won three Academy Awards. "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. His first "Oscar" was for Best Adapted Screenplay for Midnight Express (1978). The Academy Award for Writing Adapted Screenplay is one of the Academy Awards, the most prominent Film awards in the United States Midnight Express is a 1978 film, based on Billy Hayes ' book of the same name adapted into screenplay by Oliver Stone. He won Academy Awards for Directing Platoon and Born on the Fourth of July. The Academy Award for Achievement in Directing (Best Director is one of the Awards of Merit presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS to

For Year of the Dragon (1985) he received a Razzie nomination in the category Worst Screenplay. Year of the Dragon is a 1985 film directed by Michael Cimino, starring Mickey Rourke, Ariane Koizumi and John Lone. Other films whose screenplays he participated in are Conan the Barbarian (1982), Scarface (1983), 8 Million Ways to Die (1986) and Evita (1996). Conan the Barbarian is a 1982 film by director John Milius and is recognized as the acting Breakthrough of bodybuilder ' Scarface' is a 1983 Crime film directed by Brian De Palma, written by Oliver Stone and starring Al Pacino as Tony Montana 8 Million Ways to Die is a 1986 American Crime film, the last to be directed by Hal Ashby. Evita is the 1996 Film adaptation of Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber 's musical based on the life of Eva In addition, he has written or taken part in the writing of every film he has directed, except for U Turn (1997). U Turn is a 1997 Neo-noir / Drama film directed by Oliver Stone, based on the book Stray Dogs by John Ridley. The very first film that he directed professionally was the obscure horror picture Seizure (1974). Seizure (1974 is the directorial debut of Oliver Stone, who also co-wrote the screenplay

A distinctive feature of Oliver Stone's films is the use of many different cameras and film formats, from VHS to 8 mm film to 70 mm film. 8 mm film is a motion picture film format in which the filmstrip is eight Millimeters wide 70 mm film (or 65 mm film) is a wide high-resolution film gauge of superior quality to standard 35 mm motion picture film format. He sometimes uses several formats in a single scene, as in JFK (1991) and Natural Born Killers (1994). JFK is a 1991 American film directed by Oliver Stone. The film was released on December 20 1991 Natural Born Killers is a 1994 Crime film Satire directed by Oliver Stone about Serial killers and their coverage by the

“	I make my films like you're going to die if you miss the next minute. You better not go get popcorn. [3]	”
	— Oliver Stone

Recent work

In the past decade, Stone has directed U-Turn (1997), which he describes as a small film that he would enjoy seeing as a teenager, Any Given Sunday (1999), a film about power struggles within and surrounding an American football team, and Alexander (2004), a biographical film about Alexander the Great. U Turn is a 1997 Neo-noir / Drama film directed by Oliver Stone, based on the book Stray Dogs by John Ridley. Any Given Sunday is a 1999 film directed by Oliver Stone featuring an Ensemble cast, consisting of Al Pacino, Cameron Diaz American football, known in the United States and Canada simply as football, is a competitive Team sport known for mixing strategy with Alexander is a 2004 Epic film, based on the life of Alexander the Great. Alexander the Great ( or, Mégas Aléxandros; July 20 356 BC June 10 or June 11 323 BC also known as Alexander III of Macedon (el Ἀλέξανδρος Γ'

He later said he was stung by the critical pans of Alexander, which was a financial failure (despite being one of the highest-grossing films internationally in 2004); production and marketing costs were not recovered. [1]. Stone has recently said that the film has recouped the cost (over 3. 5 million DVDs sold in the U. S. alone). He re-edited the film as the Director's Cut, which was shortened from 175 minutes to 167 minutes. A director's cut is a specially edited version of a Film, and less often TV series, Music video, commercials or Video games A third version of the film, a 3 hour and 45 minute extended cut, was released February 27, 2007 on the DVD, Blu-Ray, and HD-DVD formats. Events 1560 - The Treaty of Berwick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

After Alexander, Stone went on to direct World Trade Center, which centered on two Port Authority Police Department (PAPD) cops during the September 11, 2001 attacks. World Trade Center is a 2006 American Drama film, directed by Oliver Stone and based on the September 11 2001 terrorist attacks The main undercurrent of the film is hope through times of trial. The film did not do as well as it was expected, grossing $70 million (as of Nov. 17, 2006), though the film was made on a budget of $63 million. As of December 19, 2006, the worldwide box office for World Trade Center was $161,735,806.

On August 28, 2007, it was announced Stone would direct Pinkville, a Vietnam war drama set to star Bruce Willis and Channing Tatum. Events 475 - The Roman General Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his Capital Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The My Lai Massacre ( approximately) (thảm sát Mỹ Lai was the Mass murder of 347 to 504 unarmed citizens of the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam almost Walter Bruce Willis (March 19 1955 is an American actor and Singer-songwriter. Channing Matthew Tatum (born April 26 1980 is an American actor producer, and former model. The films plot focuses on the investigation into the 1968 My Lai Massacre of Vietnamese civilians. It will be Stone's 4th Vietnam film, after Platoon, Born on the Fourth of July and Heaven & Earth. Heaven & Earth is a 1993 film written and directed by Oliver Stone, and starring Tommy Lee Jones, Haing S The film will be made for the newly reformed United Artists. This article is about the film studio Previously it was affiliated with a cinema chain bearing its name now owned by Regal Entertainment Group. ^[4] Oliver Stone had planned to start production on the film titled Pinkville, about the investigation of General Peers into the My Lai Massacre, featuring Bruce Willis (as General William Peers), Woody Harrelson (as Col. The My Lai Massacre ( approximately) (thảm sát Mỹ Lai was the Mass murder of 347 to 504 unarmed citizens of the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam almost The My Lai Massacre ( approximately) (thảm sát Mỹ Lai was the Mass murder of 347 to 504 unarmed citizens of the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam almost Walter Bruce Willis (March 19 1955 is an American actor and Singer-songwriter. Woodrow Tracy "Woody" Harrelson (born July 23 1961) is an American Emmy Award -winning and Academy Award -nominated Henderson). However, United Artists halted its December 2007 production start because of the writers' strike. This article is about the film studio Previously it was affiliated with a cinema chain bearing its name now owned by Regal Entertainment Group. Events in December Union Day of Romania (1 December World AIDS Day ( December 1) National Day of Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

W. is a film in pre-production based on the life and presidency of George W. Bush. George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. The film is based on a screenplay by Stone and Stanley Weiser, who had co-wrote Wall Street, (1987). Wall Street is a 1987 American film directed by Oliver Stone and features Charlie Sheen as a young stockbroker desperate Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) The film, originally titled Bush, was re-titled W. ^[5] Filming began on May 12, 2008 in Shreveport, Louisiana and will likely wrap in June 20, 2008^[6] and could be released for the election in November 2008 or the inauguration in January 2009. Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Shreveport is the third-largest city and the principal city of the third largest Metropolitan area in the U Events 451 - Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius ' defeats Attila the Hun. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common This article is about the year For the film see 2009 Lost Memories.

Controversy

Stone's films often have been criticized for promoting conspiracy theories and historical inaccuracies. JFK, for instance, hypothesizes many high-level government officials having a hand in the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. JFK is a 1991 American film directed by Oliver Stone. The film was released on December 20 1991 John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29 1917&ndashNovember 22 1963 often referred to by his initials JFK, was the thirty-fifth President of In 1991, he showed the film to Congress on Capitol Hill, which helped lead to passage of the Assassination Materials Disclosure Act^[7] of 1992. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses Capitol Hill, aside from being a Metonym for the United States Congress, is the largest historic residential Neighborhood in Washington D The Assassination Records Review Board (created by Congress to end the secrecy surrounding Kennedy's assassination) discussed the film, including Stone's observation at the end of the film, about the dangers inherent in government secrecy. The Assassination Records Review Board was created as a result of an act passed by the US Congress in 1992 entitled the "President John F ^[8]

The film JFK was widely criticized in the media as being a mixture of truth and fiction. Stone published an annotated version of the screenplay, in which he cites references for his claims, shortly after the film's release. Similarly, he published an annotated version of his screenplay for the film Nixon, nominated for four Academy Awards, which was also criticized for its portrayal of President Richard M. Nixon. Nixon is a 1995 Biographical film directed by Oliver Stone for Cinergi Pictures that tells the story of the political and personal

Stone's screenplay Midnight Express was criticised for portraying the Turkish people in an overly negative light. The original author, Billy Hayes, around whom the film is set, has spoken out against the film, protesting that he had many Turkish friends while in jail. Billy Hayes may refer to Billy Hayes (composer, best known for Blue Christmas Billy Hayes (writer (born 1947

Stone's film The Doors received criticism from Ray Manzarek (keyboardist/bass player) during a Q&A session at Indiana University East (in Richmond, Indiana) in 1997. Raymond Daniel Manzarek Jr or Manczarek (b 12 February 1939 Illinois) is an American Musician, Singer, producer During the discussion Manzarek stated that he sat down with Stone about The Doors and Jim Morrison for over 12 hours. This article is about the band For their self-titled debut album see The Doors (album; for the Oliver Stone film see The Doors (film; for Doors in computing James Douglas Morrison (December 8 1943—July 3 1971 was an American Poet, Singer, Songwriter, Writer, and Film director He said none of the content of the discussion - such as details on important events in the history of The Doors and Morrison's personal life - were present in the film. Manzarek went on to say that Stone's film was highly inaccurate about Morrison and The Doors.

Stone has been rumored to use drugs while making films. On the DVD of Natural Born Killers: The Director's Cut, one of the producers Jane Hamsher recounts stories of taking psilocybin mushrooms with Stone and some of the cast and crew and almost getting pulled over by a police officer — a situation which Stone later wrote into the film. Natural Born Killers is a 1994 Crime film Satire directed by Oliver Stone about Serial killers and their coverage by the Jane Hamsher (born July 25, 1959) is an American Film producer, Author, and liberal blogger. Psilocybin (IPA /saɪləˈsaɪbɪn/ (also known as psilocybine) is a psychedelic Indole of the Tryptamine family found in Psilocybin Natural Born Killers is filmed and edited in a frenzied style where animation, grainy black and white 8 mm film, color 35 mm film, and VHS are intercut and juxtaposed in a psychedelic montage of images showing not only the story's action, but also conveying the thoughts and feelings of the characters. Modern psychedelia For "psychedelics" see Psychedelic drug. The film was criticized by some for its apparent glorification of violence. Stone refutes this claim, saying that it is a satire of the American media's glorification of violence and violent people. The original screenwriter, Quentin Tarantino, was unhappy with the end result of the film because of the attention Stone gave to the aspects of the story involving the media, and asked that his name be removed from the credits. Quentin Jerome Tarantino (born March 27, 1963) is an Academy Award - BAFTA Award - and Palme d'Or -winning Emmy - and Tarantino was credited with "Story By" on the final film.

In 1997, a book about the making of the film, Killer Instinct was written by Jane Hamsher and published by Broadway Books. The book was well reviewed and sold well in Hollywood. It told of an out of control Stone making the film.

In 1999, Stone was arrested and pleaded guilty to drug possession and no contest to driving under the influence. Drug possession is the Crime of having one or more Illegal drugs in one's possession either for personal use distribution sale or otherwise Drunk driving is the act of operating and/or driving a Motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol and/or Drugs to the degree that mental and He was ordered into a rehabilitation program. Drug rehabilitation (often drug rehab or just rehab) is an umbrella term for the processes of medical and/or psychotherapeutic treatment for dependency He was arrested again on the night of May 27, 2005 in Los Angeles for possession of a small amount of marijuana. Events 927 - Simeon the Great, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies 1120 - Richard III of Capua is anointed Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West ^[9]

In 2003, Stone travelled to Cuba where he interviewed Fidel Castro for three days. The result was the documentary Comandante where Stone and Castro talk about philosophy, history, movie stars, Che Guevara, important events from the past 50 years and Castro's views on the future of the revolution. Comandante is a political Documentary film by American director Oliver Stone. Ernesto "Che" Guevara (June 14 Following the Cuban revolution,Guevara reviewed The film was scheduled to air in May 2003 on HBO but was put on hold after an incident where hijackers threatened to kill passengers on a Cuban ferry if they were not taken to the United States. The hijackers were subsequently executed and in response to loud protests from the Miami Cuban lobby HBO pulled the film. To this day it has not been released in the United States and is only available on imported DVDs from Britain. Stone returned to Cuba and shot Looking for Fidel, which is a more politically-focused documentary dealing with conditions on the island and the relationship between Cuba and the United States. Looking for Fidel is a Documentary film by Oliver Stone, released in 2004. That film was aired on HBO in early 2004. Stone has said he admires the Cuban Revolution and supports Cuba's rights as a sovereign nation free from U. S. influence.

In December 2006, Stone shocked audiences at the British Comedy Awards by making a joke in reference to the Suffolk Strangler, a serial killer of prostitutes still on the loose. The British Comedy Awards is an annual awards ceremony in the United Kingdom celebrating notable comedians and entertainment performances of the previous year The Ipswich 2006 serial murders took place during the November and December of 2006 when the bodies of five Murdered women were discovered at different locations near Ipswich He said "It's great to be back in England. I feel like Jack The Ripper days are back. Jack the Ripper is an alias given to an unidentified Serial killer active in the largely impoverished Whitechapel area and adjacent districts of London Nothing ever changes here. " In response to the audience reaction he added "you're a lovely crowd. "^[10][11][12]

Stone's meeting attempt with the FARC in Colombia

See also: Operation Emmanuel

In a January 2008 interview with The Observer, Stone expressed disgust for the ongoing presumed U. Operation Emmanuel (Operación Emmanuel was a humanitarian operation that rescued politician Clara Rojas, her son Emmanuel (born in captivity and former senator The Observer is a British Newspaper published on Sundays In about the same place on the political spectrum as its daily sister paper The S. -supported paramilitary violence in Colombia's "war on drugs". He accompanied Hugo Chavez, Venezuela's president and self-appointed negotiator with the Colombian guerilla group known as Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, or FARC, in the release of three hostages held for over 6 years, another episode in the Humanitarian Exchange affair. Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (ˈuɰo rafaˈel ˈtʃaβ̞es ˈfɾias (born July 28 1954 is the current President of Venezuela. The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People’s Army (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército del Pueblo also known by the Acronym of The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People’s Army (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército del Pueblo also known by the Acronym of

The visit was part of his research for an upcoming film he will be directing which addresses the crisis. ^[13] The FARC, designated a terrorist organization by the European Union and the United States, was described in a 2005 United Nations report as responsible for "grave" human rights violations, including "murders of protected persons, torture and hostage-taking¨ against ¨women, returnees, boys and girls, and ethnic groups. The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in "^[14] During The Observer interview, Stone refused to condemn the FARC outright, but seemingly supported them. "I do think that by the standards of Western civilization they go too far; they kidnap innocent people. On the other hand, they're fighting a desperate battle against highly financed, American-supported forces who have been terrorising the countryside for years and kill most of the people. Farc is fighting back as best it can and grabbing hostages is the fashion in which they can finance themselves and try to achieve their goals, which are difficult. They're a peasant army; I see them as a Zapata-like army. I think they are heroic to fight for what they believe in and die for it, as was Castro in the hills of Cuba. "^[15]

Stone made the comments shortly after returning from a trip to Colombia, where he was to have filmed footage of the expected release of three FARC hostages, including a young child named Emanuel. Colombia (kəˈlʌmbɪə officially the Republic of Colombia () is a country in northwestern South America. While two of the hostages were liberated after the international commission appointed to oversee it was disbanded because of non-compliance by FARC to deliver the exact location of the three hostages, it was subsequently revealed that the FARC could not have released the child because they no longer held him. Instead the child had been placed in foster care and subsequently adopted by the Colombian welfare system (the ICBF) because of signs of child abuse. Child abuse is the physical, psychological or sexual maltreatment of children Some commentators surmised that the purported hostage release had been a FARC ruse all along. ^[16] Nevertheless, Stone blamed the Colombian government and the United States for the fiasco. ^[15]. The incident caused a wave of comments on Oliver Stone's official website, mostly by Colombian citizens who were noticeably upset with what was perceived as his support for FARC.

Other work

In 1993, Stone produced a mini series for ABC Television called Wild Palms. A miniseries (also mini-series) in a serial Storytelling medium is a production which tells a story in a pre-planned limited number of episodes The American Broadcasting Company ( ABC) is an American Television network. Wild Palms is a six-hour Mini-series, which first aired in May 1993 on the ABC network in the United States. In a cameo, Stone appears on a television in the show discussing how the theories in his film JFK had been proven correct (the series took place in a hypothetical future, 2007). Wild Palms has developed a moderate cult following in the years since it aired, and has recently been released on DVD. That same year, he also spoofed himself in the comedy hit Dave, espousing a conspiracy theory about the President's replacement by a near-identical double. Dave is a 1993 Comedy-drama movie written by Gary Ross, directed by Ivan Reitman, and starring Kevin Kline (in A conspiracy theory attributes the ultimate cause of an event or chain of events (usually Political, Social or Historical events or the concealment

In 1997, Stone published A Child's Night Dream, a largely autobiographical novel first written in 1966-1967. After several unsuccessful attempts to get the work published, he "threw several sections of the manuscript into the East River one cold night, and, as if surgically removing the memory of the book from my mind, volunteered for Vietnam in 1967. " Eventually, he dug out the remaining pages, rewrote the manuscript, and published it. The book is almost a stream of consciousness telling of his experiences as a child, in college, and in Vietnam.

In 2003, Stone made two documentary films: Persona Non Grata, about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and Comandante, about Cuban President Fidel Castro. Documentary film is a broad category of visual expression that is based on the attempt in one fashion or another to " Document " reality Persona Non Grata is a 2003 Documentary film produced by Oliver Stone for the HBO series America Undercover Comandante is a political Documentary film by American director Oliver Stone. Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (born August 13 1926 is a Cuban revolutionary leader who was prime minister of Cuba from December 1959 to December 1976 and then president until In 2004, he made a second documentary on Castro, titled Looking for Fidel. Looking for Fidel is a Documentary film by Oliver Stone, released in 2004. (See also Controversy, above. )

Stone is said to be directing a promotional advertisement for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where the games are to be held.

He was recently admitted permission by Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad to make a documentary about him. Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (محمود احمدی‌نژاد; born October 28, 1956) is the sixth and current President of the Islamic Republic of Iran Stone had been previously refused permission by the Iranian government when the President's media advisor, Mehdi Kalhor, denounced Stone as being part of the "Great Satan" of American culture, despite his opposition to the Bush administration. He said "It is right that this person [Stone] is considered part of the opposition in the US, but opposition in the US is a part of the great satan. We believe that the American cinema lacks culture and art. " Stone reacted with outrage, saying "I have been called a lot of things, but never a great satan. I wish the Iranian people well, and only hope their experience with an inept, rigid ideologue president goes better than ours. " However, Ahmadinejad approved permission a month later, saying he had "no objections" provided the documentary was based on accurate facts. Stone is due to visit Tehran to negotiate the production of the film with Iranian officials, possibly the president himself.

He is also set to direct four new movies: a film based on the novel The Fountainhead by Ayn Rand; Memphis, a movie focusing on the events leading up to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s assassination in 1968; Jawbreaker, the story of America's response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks with the invasion of Afghanistan and hunt for Osama Bin Laden; and Son of the Morning Star, a movie about General Custer's battle with President Ulysses S. Grant over military corruption and Custer's potential bid for the White House. The Fountainhead is a 1943 Novel by Ayn Rand. It was Rand's first major literary success and its Royalties and movie rights Ayn Rand (ˈaɪn ˈrænd &ndash March 6 1982 born Alisa Zinov'yevna Rosenbaum (Алиса Зиновьевна Розенбаум was a Russian born American Martin Luther King Jr ( January 15, 1929 April 4, 1968) was an American clergyman, Activist and prominent leader Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت, Osama bin Laden, with some spelling variations is the name used in English to refer to (أسامة بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن born 10 March Ulysses S Grant, born Hiram Ulysses Grant (April 27 1822 &ndash July 23 1885 was an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States See also Executive Office of the President of the United States The White House, formerly known as the Executive Mansion, is the Official residence

Stone is also looking into making a biopic about George W. Bush in the near future, indicating that it would be a "fair" film examining the controversial President's childhood, relationship with his father, struggles with alcoholism, subsequent conversion to Christianity, his political career and presidency. A biographical motion picture &mdash often shortened to biopic &mdash is a film that dramatizes the life of an actual person or people George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12 1924 served as the forty-first President of the United States from 1989 to 1993 Alcoholism is a term with multiple and sometimes conflicting definitions Josh Brolin was cast in the role of Bush. Joshua Brolin (born February 12, 1968) is an American film and television Actor. ^[17] and Elizabeth Banks as his wife.

Filmography

• Last Year in Viet Nam (1971, short)
• Seizure (also known as Queen of Evil, 1974)
• Midnight Express (screenwriter) (1978)
• Mad Man of Martinique (1979, short)
• The Hand (1981)
• Conan the Barbarian (screenwriter) (1982)
• Scarface (screenwriter) (1983)
• Year of the Dragon (screenwriter) (1985)
• 8 Million Ways to Die (screenwriter) (1986)
• Salvador (1986)
• Platoon (1986)
• Wall Street (1987)
• Talk Radio (1988)
• Born on the Fourth of July (1989)
• The Doors (1991)
• JFK (1991)
• Dave (cameo) (1993)
• Heaven & Earth (1993)
• Natural Born Killers (1994)
• Nixon (1995)
• Evita (screenwriter) (1996)
• U-Turn (1997)
• Any Given Sunday (1999)
• Persona Non Grata (2003)
• Comandante (2003)
• Alexander (2004)
• Looking for Fidel (2004)
• World Trade Center (2006)
• Pinkville (2008) (canceled)
• W (2008)
• Escobar (producer) (2009) (announced)
• TBA: The Fountainhead
• TBA: Son of the Morning Star
• TBA: Memphis
• TBA: Jawbreaker
• TBA: It Was Five Past Midnight in Bhopal
• TBA: Black Ice (co-directing with Steven Soderbergh)

Awards
Preceded by Alvin Sargent for Julia	Academy Award for Writing Adapted Screenplay 1978 for Midnight Express	Succeeded by Robert Benton for Kramer vs. Kramer
Preceded by Sydney Pollack for Out of Africa	Academy Award for Best Director 1986 for Platoon	Succeeded by Bernardo Bertolucci for The Last Emperor
Preceded by John Huston for Prizzi's Honor	Golden Globe Award for Best Director - Motion Picture 1987 for Platoon	Succeeded by Bernardo Bertolucci for The Last Emperor
Preceded by Woody Allen for Hannah and Her Sisters	BAFTA Award for Best Direction 1987 for Platoon	Succeeded by Louis Malle for Au revoir, les enfants
Preceded by Barry Levinson for Rain Man	Academy Award for Best Director 1989 for Born on the Fourth of July	Succeeded by Kevin Costner for Dances with Wolves
Preceded by Clint Eastwood for Bird	Golden Globe Award for Best Director - Motion Picture 1990 for Born on the Fourth of July	Succeeded by Kevin Costner for Dances with Wolves
Preceded by Kevin Costner for Dances with Wolves	Golden Globe Award for Best Director - Motion Picture 1992 for JFK	Succeeded by Clint Eastwood for Unforgiven

Bibliographies

• Oliver Stone Bibliography (via UC Berkeley)
• A biography of Oliver Stone

Interviews

• 1987 Cineaste magazine
• World Trade Center interview with Oliver Stone from IGN FilmForce
• Guardian Unlimited interview with Stone; Part two
• DVD Talk Radio interview with Oliver Stone

References

See also

1. Riordan, James "Stone: The Biography" (1996).

External links

• Oliver Stone at the Internet Movie Database
• Oliver Stone's web site
• The first chapter of A Child's Night Dream by Oliver Stone at the New York Times site. Registration may be required.
• Oliver Stone expresses his opinion about Communist dictator Fidel Castro

Persondata
NAME	Stone, Oliver
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	William Oliver Stone
SHORT DESCRIPTION	Academy Award-winning American film director and screenwriter
DATE OF BIRTH	September 15, 1946
PLACE OF BIRTH	New York, New York, U.S.
DATE OF DEATH
PLACE OF DEATH

"The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A film director, or filmmaker, is a person who directs the making of a Film. Screenwriters or scenarists are Scriptwriters who write the Screenplays from which Films and Television programs are made Events 668 - Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is assassinated in his bath at Syracuse Italy. Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The City of New York The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

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