| Oliver Mowat | |
 The Hon. Sir Oliver Mowat |
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| In office October 25, 1872 – July 21, 1896 |
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| Preceded by | Edward Blake |
| Succeeded by | Arthur Hardy |
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| Born | July 22, 1820 Kingston, Upper Canada |
| Died | April 19, 1903 (aged 82) Toronto, Ontario |
| Political party | Ontario Liberal Party |
| Spouse | Jane Ewart |
| Religion | Presbyterian |
Sir Oliver Mowat, GCMG , PC , QC (July 22, 1820 – 19 April 1903) was a Canadian politician, and premier of Ontario from 1872 to 1896, making him the longest serving premier of that province and the 3rd longest in all of Canadian history. The Premier of Ontario is the first Minister of the Crown for the Canadian province of Ontario. Events 356 BC - Herostratus sets fire to the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World Dominick Edward Blake, PC, QC ( October 13 1833 – March 1 1912) (known as Edward Blake) was Premier For the US diplomat and academic see Arthur Sherburne Hardy. Arthur Sturgis Hardy ( December 14, 1837 &ndash June 13 Events 1099 - First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Year 1820 ( MDCCCXX) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Kingston Ontario is a Canadian city located at the eastern end of Lake Ontario, where the lake runs into the St Events 1012 - Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich London. 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario The Ontario Liberal Party is a Centrist provincial political party in the province of Ontario, Canada. Presbyterianism is a family of Christian denominations within the Reformed branch of Protestant Western Christianity The Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George is a British order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George Prince Regent (later George The Queen's Privy Council for Canada (QPC (Conseil privé de la Reine pour le Canada (CPR sometimes called Her Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or the Privy Council Queen's Counsel ( postnominal QC) &ndash known as King's Counsel ( KC) during the reign of a male sovereign &ndash are Events 1099 - First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Year 1820 ( MDCCCXX) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 1012 - Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich London. 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page This is a list of the premiers of the province of Ontario, Canada, since Confederation in 1867 Year 1872 ( MDCCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year He is one of the Fathers of Confederation. Canadian Confederation was the process by which the federal Dominion of Canada was formed beginning 1 July 1867 from the
Mowat was born in Kingston, Ontario to John Mowat and Helen Levack. Kingston Ontario is a Canadian city located at the eastern end of Lake Ontario, where the lake runs into the St
Before entering politics, Mowat trained as a lawyer, and, on January 27, 1836, Mowat, not yet sixteen years old, articled in the law office of John A. Macdonald. A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law as an attorney, Counsel or Solicitor; a person Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva. Year 1836 ( MDCCCXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Sir John Alexander Macdonald GCB, KCMG, PC ( January 11, 1815 – June 6, 1891) was the first Prime Minister He was called to the bar November 5, 1841. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany) For the game see 1841 (board game. Year 1841 ( MDCCCXLI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link In 1846, he married Jane Ewart, a daughter of John Ewart of Toronto. John Ewart ( January 31 1788 &ndash September 18 1856) was a Canadian Architect and businessman Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario In 1856 Mowat was appointed Queen's Counsel. Queen's Counsel ( postnominal QC) &ndash known as King's Counsel ( KC) during the reign of a male sovereign &ndash are
He first entered politics as an alderman of the City of Toronto in 1857. An alderman is a member of a municipal assembly or council in many jurisdictions From there, he became a member of the Legislative Assembly for South Ontario. The Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada was the Legislature for the Province of Canada, which consisted of the former provinces of Lower Canada
As a youth, he had taken up arms with the royalists during the Upper Canada Rebellion of 1837, which suggested a conservative inclination in politics. The Upper Canada Rebellion was along with the Lower Canada Rebellion in Lower Canada, a rebellion against the British colonial government in 1837 and 1838 Year 1837 ( MDCCCXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common However, he did not trust the politics of Macdonald, George-Étienne Cartier, or the other leaders of the Conservative Party and instead joined the Reformers. Sir George-Étienne Cartier, Bart, KCMG, PC ( September 6, 1814 &ndash May 20, 1873) was a French-Canadian The Conservative Party of Canada has gone by a variety of names over the years since Canadian Confederation. The Reform movement, sometimes referred to as the Reform Party, began in the 1830s as the movement in the English speaking parts of British North America As a member of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from 1858 to 1864, he was closely associated with George Brown and served as Provincial Secretary (1858) and Postmaster-General (1863–1864) in pre-Confederation government (the John Sandfield Macdonald administration) and was also an avid supporter of "representation by population. The Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada was the Legislature for the Province of Canada, which consisted of the former provinces of Lower Canada Year 1858 ( MDCCCLVIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Year 1864 ( MDCCCLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year George Brown (November 28 1818 May 10 1880 was a Scottish -born Canadian journalist politician and one of the Fathers of Confederation. The Provincial Secretary was a senior position in the Executive councils of British North America 's colonial governments and was retained by the Canadian Canadian Confederation was the process by which the federal Dominion of Canada was formed beginning 1 July 1867 from the John Sandfield Macdonald QC ( December 12, 1812 &ndash June 1, 1872) was the first Premier of the Canadian " With Brown, he helped create what became the Ontario Liberal Party as well as the Liberal Party of Canada. The Ontario Liberal Party is a Centrist provincial political party in the province of Ontario, Canada. The Liberal Party of Canada ( Parti libéral du Canada) colloquially known as the Grits (originally " Clear Grits " is a major Canadian political
Mowat was a member of the Great Coalition government of 1864 and was a representative at that year's Quebec Conference, where he helped work out the division of powers between the federal and provincial governments. The Great Coalition refers to the Grand coalition of political parties that formed in the Province of Canada in 1864 The Quebec Conference was the second meeting held in 1864 to discuss Canadian Confederation. Also in 1864, he was appointed to the judiciary as vice-chancellor of Ontario, a position he held until he was appointed premier on October 31, 1872. Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec Events 445 BC – Ezra reads the Book of the Law to the Israelites in Jerusalem (see Nehemiah 91 NLTse Year 1872 ( MDCCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year
As premier in the 1880s a series of disputes with the Dominion arose over Provincial boundaries, jurisdiction over liquor licenses, timber, mineral rights and other matters. Events and Trends Technology Development and commercial production of Electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered These court battles were won by Mowat, resulting a weakening of the power of the federal government in provincial matters. Mowat's battles with the federal government greatly decentralized Canada, giving the provinces far more power than Macdonald had intended. __FORCETOC__ Decentralization or Decentralisation (see Spelling differences) is the process of dispersing Decision-making governance closer to the people He also served as his own Attorney-General concurrently with his service as Premier, and introduced reforms such as the secret ballot in elections and the extension of suffrage beyond property owners. In most Common law jurisdictions the Attorney General, or Attorney-General, is the main legal advisor to the government and in some jurisdictions may in addition The secret ballot is a voting method in which a Voter 's choices are confidential Suffrage (from the Latin suffragium, meaning "voting tablet" and figuratively "right to vote" probably from suffrago "hough" and originally He also introduced laws regulating liquor and created the municipal level of government.
His government was moderate and attempted to cut across divisions in the province between Catholics and Protestants as well as between country and city. Catholic is an Adjective derived from the Greek adjective '' / 'katholikos' meaning "whole" or "complete". Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. He also oversaw the expansion of Ontario's boundaries and natural resources northward as well as the emergence of the province into the economic powerhouse of Canada.
In 1896 the leader of the opposition, Wilfrid Laurier, convinced Mowat to enter federal politics. Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year It was thought that the combination of a French Canadian (Laurier) and the prestige of Sir Oliver Mowat in Ontario would be a winning ticket for the Liberal party. The Liberal Party of Canada ( Parti libéral du Canada) colloquially known as the Grits (originally " Clear Grits " is a major Canadian political The slogan was "Laurier, Mowat and Victory". Victory was won, and on July 13, 1896, Mowat became Minister of Justice and a few days later a Senator. Events 1174 - William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173-1174, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year The Minister of Justice (Ministre de la Justice is the Minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet who is responsible for the Department of Justice The Senate of Canada (Le Sénat du Canada is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the sovereign (represented by the governor general
In 1897 he was appointed Lieutenant governor of Ontario and served until his death in office in 1903. Year 1897 ( MDCCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common This is a list of Lieutenant governors (pronounced "lef-tenant" of the Canadian province of Ontario, before and after Confederation in 1867 Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting
Mowat was the great great uncle of Canadian author Farley Mowat. An author is defined both as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created Farley McGill Mowat OC, BA, DLitt (born May 12, 1921 in Belleville Ontario) is a Conservationist and Mowat was himself the author of two small books in the field of Christian apologetics: Christianity and Some of its Evidences (1890), and Christianity and Its Influences (1898). Christian apologetics is a field of Christian theology that aims to present a rational basis for the Christian faith, defend the faith against objections
Mowat was knighted in 1892. Knight is the English term for a social position originating in the Middle Ages. Year 1892 ( MDCCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year He is also honoured with a high school named after him in Toronto[1]. Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario Buried in Mount Pleasant Cemetery in Toronto. Mount Pleasant Cemetery is a famous Cemetery located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Reference links
- Evans, A. Margaret. Sir Oliver Mowat. Toronto : University of Toronto Press, 1992. ISBN 0-8020-3392-X.
- Middletown, Jesse Edgar, The Municipality of Toronto - A History, Dominion Publishing, 1923.
- Mowat, Oliver. Christianity and Some of Its Evidences: An Address. Toronto: Williamson & Co, 1890.
- Mowat, Oliver. Christianity and Its Influences. Toronto: Hunter Rose, 1898.
- Vaudry, R. W. "Oliver Mowat," in Dictionary of Christianity in America, edited by Daniel G. Reid, Robert D. Linder, Bruce L. Shelley & Harry S. Stout. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1990. ISBN 0-8308-1776-X
External links
- Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
- Synopsis of federal political experience from the Library of Parliament
- Oliver Mowat a contemporary encyclopedia article
- Sir Oliver Mowat Canadian Encyclopedia entry
- Ontario Plaques - The Macdonald-Mowat House 1872
| Legislative Assembly of Ontario | ||
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| Preceded by None |
MPP for Oxford North 1867–1896 |
Succeeded by Andrew Pattullo |
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