| Brain: Olivary body | ||
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| The medulla, showing the olivary bodies lying adjacent to the pyramids. | ||
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| Transverse section of medulla oblongata below the middle of the olive. The medulla oblongata is the lower portion of the Brainstem. It deals with autonomic functions such as breathing and blood pressure | ||
| Latin | oliva | |
| Gray's | subject #187 781 | |
| Part of | Medulla | |
| MeSH | Olivary+Nucleus | |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | o_02/12589442 | |
In anatomy, the olivary bodies or simply olives (Latin oliva and olivae, singular and plural, respectively) are a pair of prominent oval structures in the medulla oblongata, the lower portion of the brainstem. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. This is a list of the subjects in Gray's Anatomy: IX Neurology Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH) is a huge Controlled vocabulary (or metadata system for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books Elsevier, the world's largest Publisher of Medical and Scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group Anatomy (from the Greek anatomia, from ana separate apart from and temnein, to cut up cut open is a branch of Biology that is the consideration The medulla oblongata is the lower portion of the Brainstem. It deals with autonomic functions such as breathing and blood pressure The brain stem (or brainstem) is the lower part of the Brain, adjoining and structurally continuous with the Spinal cord. They contain the olivary nuclei.
Contents |
External anatomy
The olivary body is located on the anterior surface of the medulla lateral to the pyramid, from which it is separated by the antero-lateral sulcus and the fibers of the hypoglossal nerve. The anterior or ventral portion of the Medulla oblongata is named the pyramid and lies between the Anterior median fissure and the Antero-lateral sulcus Certain of the Cranial nerves pass through the substance of the Medulla oblongata, and are attached to its surface in series with the roots of the spinal nerves thus the fibers The hypoglossal nerve is the twelfth Cranial nerve (XII leading to the tongue
Behind, it is separated from the postero-lateral sulcus by the ventral spinocerebellar fasciculus. The accessory Vagus, and Glossopharyngeal nerves correspond with the Posterior nerve roots, and are attached to the bottom of a Sulcus named the postero-lateral The ventral spinocerebellar tract conveys proprioceptive information from the body to the Cerebellum. In the depression between the upper end of the olive and the pons lies the vestibulocochlear nerve. The pons (sometimes pons Varolii after Costanzo Varolio) is a structure located on the Brain stem. The vestibulocochlear nerve (also known as the auditory or acoustic nerve) is the eighth of twelve Cranial nerves, and is responsible for transmitting sound
In humans, it measures about 1. 25 cm. in length, and between its upper end and the pons there is a slight depression to which the roots of the facial nerve are attached. The facial nerve is the seventh (VII of twelve paired Cranial nerves.
The external arcuate fibers wind across the lower part of the pyramid and olive and enter the inferior peduncle.
Olivary nuclei
The olive consists of two separate parts:
- The inferior olivary nucleus or the inferior olivary complex,
which is a part of the olivo-cerebellar system and is mainly involved in cerebellar motor-learning and function. The inferior olivary nucleus is the largest nucleus situated in the Olivary body, part of the Medulla oblongata.
- The superior olivary nucleus is considered part of the pons and is a part of the auditory system, aiding the perception of sound. The pons (sometimes pons Varolii after Costanzo Varolio) is a structure located on the Brain stem.
The inferior olive in itself is divided to 3 main nuclei:.
- The primary olivary nucleus (PO) which consist of the major laminar structure.
- The medial accessory olivary nucleus (MAO) lies between the primary olivary nucleus and the pyramid, and forms a curved lamina, the concavity of which is directed laterally.
- The dorsal accessory olivary nucleus (DAO) is the smallest, and appears on transverse section as a curved lamina behind the primary olivary nucleus.
small additional inferior olivary structures consist of the dorsal cap of Kooy and the ventrolateral outgrowth.
Additional images
 Schematic representation of the chief ganglionic categories (I to V). |
 Superficial dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view. |
 Deep dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view. |
 Deep dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view. |
 Deep dissection of brain-stem. Ventral view. |
 Section of the medulla oblongata at about the middle of the olive. |
 Diagram showing the course of the arcuate fibers. |
 The formatio reticularis of the medulla oblongata, shown by a transverse section passing through the middle of the olive. |
 Dissection showing the projection fibers of the cerebellum. |
External links
- Gray's s187 (primary source for article)
- BrainMaps at UCDavis Olivary%20nucleus
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body (or Gray's Anatomy as it has commonly been shortened is an English-language Human anatomy Textbook BrainMaps is an NIH -funded interactive zoomable high-resolution digital brain atlas and virtual microscope that is based on more than 20 million megapixels (50 terabytes The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body (or Gray's Anatomy as it has commonly been shortened is an English-language Human anatomy Textbook As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.
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