The Ogasawara clan (小笠原氏, -shi) was a Japanese samurai clan descended from the Seiwa Genji. ( plural mon) also,, and, are Japanese heraldic symbols Mon may refer to any symbol while For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. is the term for the military nobility of Pre-industrial Japan. The were the most successful and powerful of the many branch families of the Japanese Minamoto clan ^[1] The Ogasawara acted as shugo (governors) of Shinano province in the medieval period (c. was a title commonly translated as "Governor" given to certain officials in feudal Japan. is an old province of Japan that is now present day Nagano Prefecture. 1185-1600), and as daimyō (feudal lords) of territories on Kyūshū during the Edo period (1600-1867). The ( were powerful territorial lords who ruled most of Japan from their vast hereditary land holdings or Kyushu is the third-largest Island of Japan and most southwesterly of its four main islands. The, also referred to as the Tokugawa period (徳川時代 Tokugawa-jidai) is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868

During the Kamakura and Muromachi periods, the clan controlled Shinano province, while related clans controlled the provinces of Awa, Bizen, Bitchū, Iwami, Mikawa, Tōtōmi and Mutsu. The is a period of Japanese history that marks the governance by the Kamakura Shogunate, officially established in 1192 by the first Kamakura Shogun The Muromachi period ( Japanese: 室町時代 Muromachi-jidai, also known as the Muromachi era, the Muromachi bakufu, the Ashikaga era Awa (阿波国 -no kuni was an old province of Japan in the area that is today a part of Tokushima prefecture on Shikoku. Bizen (備前国 -no kuni) was a province of Japan on the Inland Sea side of Honshū, in what is today the southeastern part was a province of Japan on the Inland Sea side of western Honshū, in what is today western Okayama Prefecture. Iwami (石見国 -no kuni was an old province of Japan in the area that is today the western part of Shimane prefecture. is an old province in the area that today forms the eastern half of Aichi Prefecture. is a former province in the area of Japan that is today western Shizuoka prefecture. was an old province of Japan, made up of the present-day prefectures of Fukushima, Miyagi, Iwate and Aomori, and the municipalities According to some theories, the Miyoshi clan was descended from the Ogasawara clan. The Miyoshi clan (三好氏 -shi) is a Japanese family descended from Emperor Seiwa (850-880 and the Minamoto clan (Seiwa-Genji

The clan developed a number of schools of martial arts during this period, known as Ogasawara-ryū, and contributed to the codification of warrior (samurai) etiquette. ^[2]

Towards the end of the Sengoku period (late 16th century), the clan opposed both Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Tokugawa Ieyasu.  was the founder and first Shogun  of the Tokugawa shogunate

During the Edo period, the Ogasawara were identified as one of the fudai or insider daimyō clans which were hereditary vassels or allies of the Tokugawa,^[3] in contrast with the tozama or outsider clans. A was a Daimyo who was considered an outsider by the rulers of Japan.

Contents 1 Ogasawara clan branches 2 Ogasawara-Miyoshi line 3 Notable clan members 4 Ogasawara Islands (Bonin Islands) 5 Notes 6 References 7 See also 8 External links

Ogasawara clan branches

The fudai Ogasawara clan originated in 12th century Shinano province. is an old province of Japan that is now present day Nagano Prefecture. ^[3] They claim descent from Takeda Yoshikiyo and the Seiwa-Genji. The were the most successful and powerful of the many branch families of the Japanese Minamoto clan ^[1] Broadly, there are two genaological lines of the Ogasawara, the Matsuo and the Fukashi, each of which identify places in Shinano. The Matsuo line gave rise to the Ogasawara of Echizen, and the Fukashi line is ultimately established at the Ogasawara of Bunzen. ^[4]

The great grand-son of Yoshikiyo, Nagakiyo, was the first to take the name Ogasawara. The area controlled by his descendants grew to encompass the entire province of Shinano. ^[5]

Nagakiyo's grandson, Ogawawara Hidemasa (1569–1615), served Ieyasu; and in 1590, Hidemasa received Koga Domain (20,000 koku) in Shimōsa province. The was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located in Shimōsa Province (present-day Koga Ibaraki) In 1601, Ieyasu transferred Hidemasa to Iida Domain (50,000 koku) in Shinano; then, in 1613, he was able to return to the home of his forebears, Fukashi Castle (80,000 koku),^[1] now known as Matsumoto Castle. MatsumotoCastleGateMoatjpg|thumb|right|200px|Taiko-mon Gate]] also known as Fukashi Castle is a flatland castle and one of Japan 's historic castles. MatsumotoCastleGateMoatjpg|thumb|right|200px|Taiko-mon Gate]] also known as Fukashi Castle is a flatland castle and one of Japan 's historic castles. ^[6]

The branches of the fudai Ogasawara clan include the following:

• The senior branch of the Ogasawara from the beginning were daimyō at Fukashi; then, in 1617, the daimyō was transferred to Akashi Domain (120,000 koku) in Harima province. The ( were powerful territorial lords who ruled most of Japan from their vast hereditary land holdings The was a feudal domain of Japan. It occupied Akashi District (the present-day city of Akashi) and surroundings in Harima Province. or Banshu (播州 was a province of Japan in the part of Honshū that is the southwestern part of present-day Hyōgo Prefecture. In the years spanning 1632 through 1868, the descendants of this branch of the Ogasawara were daimyō at Kokura Domain (150,000 koku)^[7] in Buzen province. The was a Japanese domain of the Edo period. It was headquartered what is now the city of Kokura, in Kyūshū. Buzen (豊前国 -no kuni was an old province of Japan in northern Kyūshū, which bordered on Bungo and Chikuzen provinces Today ^[3] The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Count" in 1884. ^[8]

• A cadet branch of the Ogasawara were daimyō at Chizuka Domain (10,000 koku)^[9] in Buzen province up through the Meiji Restoration. Buzen (豊前国 -no kuni was an old province of Japan in northern Kyūshū, which bordered on Bungo and Chikuzen provinces Today The, also known as the Meiji Ishin, Revolution, or Renewal, was a chain of events that led to enormous changes in Japan 's political and social structure The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period.

• A cadet branch of the Ogasawara were daimyō in 1617 at Tatsuno Domain in Harima province; and in 1632, they were transferred as daimyō at Nakatsu Domain in Buzen province. The was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located in Harima Province (modern-day Tatsuno Hyōgo) or Banshu (播州 was a province of Japan in the part of Honshū that is the southwestern part of present-day Hyōgo Prefecture. The was a Japanese domain of the Edo period. It was headquartered at Nakatsu Castle in what is now Nakatsu Oita, in Kyushu Buzen (豊前国 -no kuni was an old province of Japan in northern Kyūshū, which bordered on Bungo and Chikuzen provinces Today In the period spanning the years 1716 through 1868, the descendants of this branch of the Ogasawara were daimyō at Anshi Domain (10,000 koku)^[9] in Harima province. or Banshu (播州 was a province of Japan in the part of Honshū that is the southwestern part of present-day Hyōgo Prefecture. ^[3] The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period.

• A cadet branch of the Ogasawara were daimyō in 1632 at Kizuki Domain in Bungo province; in 1645 at Yoshida Domain in Mikawa province; in 1697 at Iwatsuki Domain in Musashi province; in 1711 at Kakegawa Domain in Tōtōmi province; and in 1747 at Tanakura Domain in Mutsu province. was a province of Japan in eastern Kyūshū. It bordered Buzen, Hyuga, Higo, Chikugo, and Chikuzen provinces The was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located in Mikawa Province (modern-day Toyohashi Aichi) is an old province in the area that today forms the eastern half of Aichi Prefecture. The was a Japanese domain of the Edo period. Located in Musashi Province (parts of modern-day Saitama Prefecture) it was headquartered in Iwatsuki was a province of Japan, which today comprises Tokyo prefecture, most of Saitama Prefecture and part of Kanagawa Prefecture, mainly The was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located in Tōtōmi Province. is a former province in the area of Japan that is today western Shizuoka prefecture. The was a Japanese domain of the Edo period. Its headquarters was in modern-day Tanagura Fukushima. was an old province of Japan, made up of the present-day prefectures of Fukushima, Miyagi, Iwate and Aomori, and the municipalities Finally, in the years spanning 1817 through 1868, the descendants of this branch of the Ogasawara were daimyō at Karatsu Domain (60,000 koku)^[9] in Hizen province. The was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located in Hizen Province, in Kyūshū. Hizen (肥前国 Hizen no kuni was an old province of Japan which bordered on Chikuzen and Chikugo. ^[3] The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period.

• A cadet branch of the Ogasawara claim a line of descent from Takeda Yoshikiyo and also descent from Ogasawara Sadamune who had joined Nitta Yoshisada in overthrowing the Hōjō at Kamakura in the 14th century. (1301-1338 was the head of the Nitta family in the early fourteenth century and supported the Southern Court of Emperor Go-Daigo in the Nanboku-cho period This same Sadamune had been a general under Ashikaga Takauji. was the founder and 1st Shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate. His rule began in 1338 beginning the Muromachi period of Japan, and ended with ^[10] This branch of the Ogasawara were established in 1590 at Honjō Domain in Musashi province; in 1608 at Koga Domain in Shimōsa province; in 1619 at Sekiyado Domain in Shimōsa province; and in 1637 at Takasu Domain in Mino Province. The was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located in Dewa Province. was a province of Japan, which today comprises Tokyo prefecture, most of Saitama Prefecture and part of Kanagawa Prefecture, mainly The was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located in Shimōsa Province (present-day Koga Ibaraki) The was a Japanese domain of the Edo period. It was headquartered in modern-day Noda Chiba. The was a Japanese domain located in Mino Province (present-day Kaizu Gifu) one of the Old provinces of Japan, was composed of nearly the entire southern part of modern-day Gifu Prefecture. In the years spanning 1691 through 1868, this branch of the Ogasawara were daimyō at Katsuyama (22,000 koku)^[11] in Echizen province. is a city located in Fukui, Japan. As of October 1 2005, the city has an estimated Population of 26961 and the density was an old province of Japan, which is today the northern part of Fukui prefecture. ^[3] The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Viscount" in the Meiji period.

Ogasawara-Miyoshi line

The Miyoshi clan of daimyō were cadet descendants of the Ogasawara; and through them, they were also descendants of the Seiwa-Genji Minamoto. was one of the honorary surnames bestowed by the Emperors of Japan of the Heian Period ( 794 – 1185 AD on those of their sons and grandsons who were not ^[12] At the beginning of the 14th century, Ogasawara Nagafusa established himself in Shikoku. is the smallest (225 km long and between 50 and 150 km wide and least populous (4141955 as of 2005 of the four main islands of Japan, located south of Honshū Amongst his descendants in the 8th generation was Yoshinaga, who established himself at Miyoshi in Awa province (now Tokushima Prefecture). is a city located in Tokushima prefecture, Japan. The city was founded on March 1, 2006 as a result of the merger between the towns of WikipediaWikiProject Japanese prefectures for guidelines--> is a prefecture of Japan located on Shikoku Island.

Osagawa Yoshinaga took the name Miyoshi Yoshinaga and became a vassel of the Hosokawa clan, who were then the strongest force on the island. The was a Japanese samurai clan, descended from Emperor Seiwa (850-880 and a branch of the Minamoto clan, by the Ashikaga clan. Accounts from the late 16th century include mention of Miyoshi Yoshitsugu as the nephew and adopted son of Emperor Chōkei; however, his family in Shikoku disappears from history during this troubled period. adopted son of Nagayoshi, was a Samurai of the Sengoku period who was practically the last head of Miyoshi clan, Daimyo of Kawachi province Emperor Chōkei (長慶天皇 Chōkei-tennō) (1343 &ndash August 27, 1394) was the 98th emperor of Japan, according to Any remnants of the Miyoshi branch of the Ogasawara clan would have been vanquished by the Chōsokabe clan as they gradually took control of the entire island of Shikoku. The was a Japanese Samurai clan of the Sengoku period, that controlled Tosa Province. ^[12]

Notable clan members

Revisions and sourced additions are welcome.

• Ogasawara Sadamune, 1294-1350
• Ogasawara Nagahide
• Ogasawara Nagatoki, 1519-1583
• Ogasawara Ujioki, 1529-1569
• Ogasawara Nagatada, d. ( November 9, 1519 - April 17, 1583) was a Daimyo (feudal lord of Shinano Province during the Sengoku (1529-1569 also known as, was a Japanese Samurai of the Sengoku period, who served the Imagawa clan. (?-1590? also known as, was a Japanese Samurai of the Sengoku period, who served the Imagawa Tokugawa and Takeda clans 1590
• Ogasawara Hidemasa, 1569-1615. ^[13]
• Ogasawara Sadayori, d. 1625
• Ogasawara Ichian
• Ogasawara Tadazane, 1596-1667
• Ogasawara Tadamoto
• Ogasawara Nagashige, 1650-1732 -- 11th Kyoto shoshidai. ( March 26, 1596 – December 3, 1667) Japanese Daimyō of the early Edo Period, the son of Ogasawara Hidemasa (1650-1732 also known as Sado-no-kami and Etchū-no-kami was a Japanese Daimyo of the mid- Edo period. The was an important administrative and political office in the early modern government of Japan ^[14]
• Ogasawara Nagamichi, 1822-1891
  • Miyoshi Yutaka -- ??-1869 -- brother of Nagamichi; Shinsengumi)
• Ogasawara Tadanobu, 1862-1897
• Ogasawara Naganari, 1867-1958 -- Admiral, Imperial Japanese Navy
• Ogasawara Nagamoto -- House of Peers (1925). ( June 29, 1822 - January 25, 1891, also known as "Tosho-no-kami" (by 1862 and "Iki-no-kami (by 1865 was a Japanese Samurai For the NHK television series see Shinsengumi!. The were a Special police force of the Late shogunate period. Count ( March 8, 1862 - February 6, 1897) was a Japanese daimyo of the late Edo period, who ruled the Kokura Domain. Viscount ( December 15, 1867 - September 20, 1958) was an Admiral of the Imperial Japanese Navy in the Meiji period Admiral is the rank, or part of the name of the ranks of the highest Naval officers For Combined Fleet, please see that article For Carrier Striking Task Force, please see that article This article is about the Japanese body The British House of Lords is also known as the House of Peers for certain ceremonial purposes. ^[15]

Ogasawara Islands (Bonin Islands)

The Ogasawara clan is inlinked to Japanese discovery of the Bonin Islands, and to Japan's claim over those islands which are now administratively considered part of metropolitan Tokyo:

• Bunroku 1 (1592): Ogasawara Sadayori claims to have discovered the Bonin Islands, and the territory was granted to him as a fief by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. was a after Tenshō and before Keichō. This period spanned the years from 1592 to 1596. ^[16]
• Kanbun 10 (1670): The islands are discovered by the Japanese when a ship bound for Edo from Kyushu is blown off course by a storm. The Japanese word originally meant " Classical Chinese writings Chinese classic texts, Classical Chinese literature " ^[17]
• Enpō 3 (1675): The islands are explored by shogunate expedition, following up "discovery" in Kanbun 10. was a after Kanbun and before Tenna. This period spanned the years from 1673 to 1681. The Japanese word originally meant " Classical Chinese writings Chinese classic texts, Classical Chinese literature " The islands are claimed as a territory of Japan. ^[17]
• Bunkyū 1 (January 1862): The islands are re-confirmed as a territory of Japan, following "discovery" of the islands in Kanbun 10 (1670) and a shogunate expedition to the islands in Enpō 3 (1675). was a after Man'en and before Genji. This period spanned the years from 1861 through 1864 Year 1862 was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Monday The Japanese word originally meant " Classical Chinese writings Chinese classic texts, Classical Chinese literature " was a after Kanbun and before Tenna. This period spanned the years from 1673 to 1681. ^[17]

Notes

References

• Appert, Georges and H. Kinoshita. (1888). Ancien Japon. Tokyo: Imprimerie Kokubunsha.
• Frederic, Louis (2002). "Ogasawara. " Japan Encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Harvard University Press ( HUP) is a Publishing house, a division of Harvard University, that is highly respected in Academic publishing. 10-ISBN 0-674-00770-0; 13-ISBN 978-0-674-00770-3 (cloth) -- 10-ISBN 0-674-01753-6; 13-ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5 (paper)
• Papinot, Jacques Edmund Joseph. (1906) Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie du japon. Tokyo: Librarie Sansaisha. ..Click link for digitized 1906 Nobiliaire du japon (2003)
• Turnbull, Stephen. Stephen Richard Turnbull is an Historian specializing in eastern Military history, especially the Samurai of Japan. (1998). The Samurai Sourcebook. London: Arms & Armour. 10-ISBN 1-854-09371-1 [reprinted Cassell & Company, London, 2002. Orion Publishing Group Ltd is a UK -based Book Publisher. It is owned by Hachette Livre. 10-ISBN 1-854-09371-1 -- 10-ISBN 1-854-09523-4; 13-ISBN 978-1-854-09523-7 (paper)
• Varley, H. Paul. (1965). The Onin War: History of Its Origins and Background with a Selective Translation of the Chronicle of Ōnin New York Columbia University Press. Columbia University Press is a University press based in New York City, and affiliated with Columbia University. 10-ISBN 0-231-02943-8; 13-ISBN 978-0-231-02943-8 (cloth)

See also

• Ogasawara Nagakiyo
• Ogasawara Nagatsune

External links

• Ogasawara clan history web site

a retainer of the Japanese clan of Minamoto during the Heian period (12th century of Japan in the province of Shinano He was the eldest son of Ogasawara Nagakiyo and the rightful inheritor of the art of Ogasawara-ryu archery and mounted archery

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