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Oder
Odra
none Oder between Kienitz and Zollbrücke, Germany
Oder between Kienitz and Zollbrücke, Germany
Countries Czech Republic, Poland, Germany
Length 854 km (531 mi)
Watershed 118,861 km² (45,892 sq mi)
Discharge at mouth
 - average 574 m³/s (20,271 cu ft/s)
Source
 - location Oderské vrchy, Silesia, Czech Republic
Mouth Szczecin Lagoon
 - location Baltic Sea, Poland

The Oder (known in Czech and Polish as Odra) is a river in Central Europe. The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand A mile is a unit of Length, usually used to measure Distance, in a number of different systems including Imperial units United States Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. CM3 redirects here If you were looking for the 3rd game in the Cooking Mama series abbreviated as CM3 see here. The second ( SI symbol s) sometimes abbreviated sec, is the name of a unit of Time, and is the International System of Units The cubic foot is an imperial and US customary (non- metric) unit of Volume, used in the United States Canada and the United Kingdom The second ( SI symbol s) sometimes abbreviated sec, is the name of a unit of Time, and is the International System of Units Etymology One theory claims that the name Silesia is derived from the Silingi, who were most likely a Vandalic (East Germanic people The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, The Lagoon of the Oder River is an inland water basin situated in the southwestern part of the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Czech (ˈʧɛk čeština ˈʧɛʃcɪna in Czech is a West Slavic language with about 12 million native speakers it is the majority language in the Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. "Riverine" redirects here For the use of that term in Maritime geography, see there Central Europe is the Region lying between the variously and vaguely defined areas of Eastern and It begins in the Czech Republic and flows through western Poland, later forming the northern 187 km of the border between Poland and Germany, part of the Oder-Neisse line. The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The Oder-Neisse line (Granica na Odrze i Nysie Łużyckiej Oder-Neiße-Grenze was drawn in the aftermath of World War II as the eastern border of Germany and The river ultimately flows into the Szczecin Lagoon north of Szczecin and then into three branches (Dziwna, Swina and Peene) that empty into the Baltic Sea. The Lagoon of the Oder River is an inland water basin situated in the southwestern part of the Baltic Sea. The Dziwna (Dievenow is an eastern Strait, River or a branch of the Oder River out of three straits connecting the Oder Lagoon with the The Świna (Swine Pomeranian: Swina) is a River in Poland flowing from the Oder Lagoon to the Baltic Sea, between the For the settlement in England see Peene Kent, for the small river in France see Peene Becque, for the Flemish physician and playwright see Hippoliet van Peene The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude.

Contents

Names

The Oder is known by several names in different languages: (English and German: Oder; Czech, Slovak and Polish: Odra; Hungarian: Odera; Classical Latin: Viadrus, Viadua; Medieval Latin: Od(d)era). English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Czech (ˈʧɛk čeština ˈʧɛʃcɪna in Czech is a West Slavic language with about 12 million native speakers it is the majority language in the The Slovak language ( slovenčina, slovenský jazyk, not to be confused with Slovenščina) sometimes referred to as "Slovakian" Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. Hungarian ( magyar nyelv) is a Uralic language (more specifically a Ugric language) unrelated to most other languages in Europe. Classical Latin is the form of the Latin language used by the ancient Romans in what is usually regarded as "classical" Latin literature. Medieval Latin was the form of Latin used in the Middle Ages, primarily as a medium of scholarly exchange and as the Liturgical language of the medieval

Geography

The Oder is 854 km long: 112 in the Czech Republic, 742 in Poland (including 187 on the border between Germany and Poland) and is the second longest river in Poland (after the Vistula). It drains 118,861 km² of watershed, 106,056 of which are in Poland (89%), 7,217 in the Czech Republic (6%), and 5,587 in Germany (5%). Channels connect it to the Havel, Spree, Vistula system and Kłodnica. The Havel (ˈhaːfəl is a river in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Berlin and Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The Spree (ʃpʁeː Sprowja Sprjewja Spréva is a River in Saxony, Brandenburg and Berlin, Germany and in Ústecký Kłodnica (Klodnitz is a river in the Upper Silesia region It is about 75 km long and a right tributary of the Odra river. It flows through Silesian, Opole, Lower Silesian, Lubusz, and West Pomeranian voivodeships of Poland and the states of Brandenburg and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern in Germany. Silesian Voivodeship (also known as Silesia Province or by its Polish name of województwo śląskie or simply Śląskie) is a Voivodeship Opole Voivodeship (also known as Opole Province or by its Polish name of województwo opolskie or simply Opolskie; Woiwodschaft Oppeln/Oppelner Schlesien Lower Silesian Voivodeship (also known as Lower Silesia Province or by its Polish name of województwo dolnośląskie {{IPA-pl|d|o|l|n|o|'|ś|l|ą|s|k|j|e}} Lubusz Voivodeship (also known as Lubusz Province or by its Polish name of województwo lubuskie or simply Lubuskie) is a voivodeship (province West Pomeranian Voivodeship (also known by its Polish name of województwo zachodniopomorskie or simply Zachodniopomorskie) is a voivodeship Brandenburg ( Lower Sorbian: Bramborska; Upper Sorbian: Braniborska) is one of the sixteen states of Germany. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, sometimes translated as Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania or Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, is a state in Northern Germany comprising

Oder River. View from Ziegenwerder Island in Frankfurt (Oder), Germany to Słubice, Poland.
Oder River. View from Ziegenwerder Island in Frankfurt (Oder), Germany to Słubice, Poland. Frankfurt (Oder is a City in Brandenburg, Germany, located on the Oder River on the German- Polish border directly opposite the Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Słubice (until 1945 Frankfurter Dammvorstadt is a town in the Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland
Estuary of the Lusatian Neisse into the Oder.
Estuary of the Lusatian Neisse into the Oder. Neisse redirects here for other meanings see Neisse (disambiguation The Lusatian Neisse (Lužická Nisa Lausitzer Neiße Nysa Łużycka
Oder in Szczecin, Wały Chrobrego
Oder in Szczecin, Wały Chrobrego
. ]]
Łarpia, a left distributary of Oder in winter, The Old Town of Police, Poland.
Łarpia, a left distributary of Oder in winter, The Old Town of Police, Poland. A distributary, or a distributary channel, is a Stream that branches off and flows away from a main stream channel Police ("poh-LEE-tze" (Pölitz Kashubian / Pomeranian: Pòlice) is a town in Pomerania, northwestern Poland

The main branch empties into the Szczecin Lagoon near Police. The Lagoon of the Oder River is an inland water basin situated in the southwestern part of the Baltic Sea. Police ("poh-LEE-tze" (Pölitz Kashubian / Pomeranian: Pòlice) is a town in Pomerania, northwestern Poland The Szczecin Lagoon is bordered on the north by islands of Usedom (west) and Wolin (east). Usedom (Usedom, Uznam) is a Baltic Sea island on the border between Germany and Poland. Between these two islands, there is only a narrow channel (Świna) going to the Bay of Pomerania, which forms a part of the Baltic Sea. The Bay of Pomerania or Pomeranian Bay (Polish Zatoka Pomorska; German Pommersche Bucht) is a basin in the southwestern Baltic Sea, off the

The largest city on the Oder River is Wrocław. Wrocław (Breslau Vratislav Vratislavia or Wratislavia Yiddish: ברעסלוי) is the chief City of the historical region of Lower Silesia

Navigation

The Oder is navigable over a large part of its total length, as far upstream as to the town of Koźle, where the river connects to the Gliwicki Canal. The upstream part of the river is canalized and permits larger barges (up to CEMT Class IV) to navigate between the industrial sites around the Wrocław area. Wrocław (Breslau Vratislav Vratislavia or Wratislavia Yiddish: ברעסלוי) is the chief City of the historical region of Lower Silesia

Further downstream the river is free flowing, passing the towns of Eisenhüttenstadt (where a canal connects the river to the Spree in Berlin) and Frankfurt (Oder). Eisenhüttenstadt (literally "ironworks city" in German; pronunciation) is a city in Brandenburg, Germany. The Spree (ʃpʁeː Sprowja Sprjewja Spréva is a River in Saxony, Brandenburg and Berlin, Germany and in Ústecký Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Frankfurt (Oder is a City in Brandenburg, Germany, located on the Oder River on the German- Polish border directly opposite the Downstream of Frankfurt the Warta River forms a navigable connection with Poznań and Bydgoszcz for smaller vessels. The Warta (Warthe Varta is a River in western-central Poland, a tributary of the Oder river Poznań Lublin Voivodeship This article is about the city in Poland Bydgoszcz (Bromberg Bydgostia is a city in northern Poland, on the Brda and Vistula rivers with At Hohensaaten the Havel-Oder-Wasserstrasse connects with the Berlin waterways again. Hohensaaten is a town in the district of Barnim in Brandenburg in Germany.

Near its mouth the Oder reaches the city of Szczecin, a major maritime port. The river finally reaches the Baltic Sea through the Szczecin Lagoon and the river mouth at Świnoujście. The Lagoon of the Oder River is an inland water basin situated in the southwestern part of the Baltic Sea. Świnoujście (Swinemünde is a City and seaport on the Baltic Sea and Szczecin Lagoon, located in the extreme north-west of Poland (Source: NoorderSoft Waterways Database)

History

The river in Germania Magna was known to the Romans as the Viadrus or Viadua in Classical Latin, as it was a branch of the Amber Road from the Baltic Sea to the Roman Empire (see via). Germania was the Latin Exonym for Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC Classical Latin is the form of the Latin language used by the ancient Romans in what is usually regarded as "classical" Latin literature. The Amber Road was an ancient Trade route for the transfer of Amber. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial The Roman Roads were essential for the growth of the Roman Empire, by enabling the Romans to move armies and trade goods and to communicate news In German it was and is called the Oder, written in older records as Odera or Oddera in Medieval Latin documents and was mentioned in the Dagome iudex, which described territory of Duke Mieszko I ca. Medieval Latin was the form of Latin used in the Middle Ages, primarily as a medium of scholarly exchange and as the Liturgical language of the medieval " Dagome iudex " is the name applied to one of the earliest documents believed to relate to Poland. Life In 965 Mieszko married Dobrawa (Dobrava Dubrawka daughter of Boleslav I, Duke of Bohemia. 990 and Oda von Haldensleben. Oda von Haldensleben (sometimes " Ote " before 978 - 1023 was the daughter of the Margrave of the North March, Theoderich (or Dietrich

The Oder was an important trade route and towns in Germania were documented along with many tribes living between the rivers Albis, Viadrus and Vistula. The Albis is a chain of hills in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland, stretching for some 19 km from Sihlbrugg in the south to Waldegg near Centuries later the Bavarian Geographer (ca. The Bavarian Geographer (Geographus Bavarus is a conventional name given by Jan Potocki in 1796 to the author of an anonymous Medieval 845) specifies the following peoples: Silesians, Dadoshanie, Opolanians, Lupiglaa, and Golenshitse in Silesia and Wolinians and Pyrzycans in Western Pomerania. Silesians ( Silesian: Ślůnzoki; Ślązacy Slezané Schlesier are the inhabitants of Silesia in Poland, Germany and the Opole (Oppeln is a city in southern Poland on the Oder River (Odra Etymology One theory claims that the name Silesia is derived from the Silingi, who were most likely a Vandalic (East Germanic people Pyrzyce (Pyritz Kashubian: Pirzëce) is a town in Pomerania, north-western Poland, with 13331 inhabitants ( 2007) Capital Western Pomerania is a translation of "Vorpommern" (also "Hither Pomerania" both redirect here A document of the Bishopric of Prague (1086) mentions Zlasane, Trebovyane, Poborane, and Dedositze in Silesia. Prague (ˈprɑːg Praha (ˈpraɦa see also other names) is the Capital and Largest city of the Czech Republic.

In the 13th century, the first dams were built to protect agricultural lands. A dam is a barrier that divides waters. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water while other structures such as Floodgates, Levees

After World War II, the Oder and the Lusatian Neisse formed the Oder-Neisse line, which was designated as the new border between Germany and Poland. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Neisse redirects here for other meanings see Neisse (disambiguation The Lusatian Neisse (Lužická Nisa Lausitzer Neiße Nysa Łużycka The Oder-Neisse line (Granica na Odrze i Nysie Łużyckiej Oder-Neiße-Grenze was drawn in the aftermath of World War II as the eastern border of Germany and The German populations east of these two rivers were expelled westwards. The expulsion of Germans after World War II was the Forced migration and Ethnic cleansing of German nationals ( Reichsdeutsche) and ethnic

Cities

Main section:

Ostrava - Bohumín - Racibórz - Kędzierzyn-Koźle - Krapkowice - Opole - Brzeg - Oława - Jelcz-Laskowice - Wrocław - Brzeg Dolny - Ścinawa - Szlichtyngowa - Głogów - Bytom Odrzański - Nowa Sól - Krosno Odrzańskie - Eisenhüttenstadt - Frankfurt (Oder) - Słubice - Kostrzyn - Cedynia - Schwedt - Vierraden - Gartz - Gryfino - Szczecin - Police

Dziwna branch (between Wolin Island and mainland Poland):

Wolin - Kamień Pomorski - Dziwnów

Świna branch (between Wolin and the Usedom islands):

Świnoujście

Szczecin Lagoon:

Nowe Warpno - Ueckermünde

Peene branch (between Usedom Island and the German mainland):

Usedom - Lassan - Wolgast

Right tributaries

Ostravice - Olza - Ruda - Bierawka - Kłodnica - Czarnka - Mała Panew - Stobrawa - Widawa - Jezierzyca - Barycz - Krzycki Rów - Obrzyca - Jabłonna - Pliszka - Ołobok - Gryzynka - Warta with the Noteć - Myśla - Kurzyca - Stubia - Rurzyca - Tywa - Płonia - Ina - Gowienica

Left tributaries

Opava - Psina - Cisek - Olszówka - Stradunia - Osobłoga - Prószkowski Potok - Nysa Kłodzka - Oława - Ślęza - Bystrzyca - Średzka Woda - Cicha Woda - Kaczawa - Ślepca - Zimnica - Dębniak - Biała Woda - Czarna Struga - Śląska Ochla - Zimny Potok - Bóbr - Olcha - Racza - Lusatian Neisse - Gunica

See also

External links

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