Oaxaca is the name of both a state in Mexico and that state's capital city. This article is about the city. For the state, see Oaxaca. The Free and Sovereign State of Oaxaca ( Estado Libre y Soberano de Oaxaca), in Spanish phonemically /oa'xaka/ named for its largest city, is one of the

Historic Centre of Oaxaca and Archaeological Site of Monte Albán*
UNESCO World Heritage Site
State Party	Mexico
Type	Cultural
Criteria	i, ii, iii, iv
Reference	415
Region†	Latin America and the Caribbean
Inscription history
Inscription	1987  (11th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List. † Region as classified by UNESCO.

The city of Oaxaca (formally: Oaxaca de Juárez, in honor of 19th-century president and national hero Benito Juárez, who was born nearby) is the capital and largest city of the Mexican state of the same name. Monte Albán is a large Pre-Columbian Archaeological site in the southern Mexican state of Oaxaca. A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex As of 2008 there are a total of 878 World Heritage Sites located in 145 "State Parties" The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex This is a list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in North America, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar First Mexican Empire (1822-1823 Presidents of Mexico (1824-1864 Between the time of Emperor Agustín de Iturbide's abdication ( March 19, 1823 Benito Pablo Juárez García (benit̪o paβ̞lo xwaɾes gaɾsia ( March 21, 1806 – July 18, 1872) was a Zapotec Amerindian The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. The Free and Sovereign State of Oaxaca ( Estado Libre y Soberano de Oaxaca), in Spanish phonemically /oa'xaka/ named for its largest city, is one of the

It is located in the Valley of Oaxaca in the Sierra Madre del Sur Mountains, at 17°05′N 96°45′W / 17.083, -96.75Coordinates: 17°05′N 96°45′W / 17.083, -96.75 near the geographic center of the state, and at an altitude of about 1550 m (5000 feet). Valley of Oaxaca is a geographic region located within the modern day State of Oaxaca in southern Mexico. The Sierra Madre del Sur is a Mountain range in southern Mexico, extending 1000 km from southern Michoacán east through Guerrero, to the A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. The area is known as the three "Valles Centrales" (Central Valleys) region and is surrounded by thick forests of pine and holm oak. ^[1] The important Monte Albán archaeological site is close to the city. Monte Albán is a large Pre-Columbian Archaeological site in the southern Mexican state of Oaxaca. An archaeological site is a place (or group of physical sites in which evidence of past activity is preserved (either Prehistoric or historic or contemporary and As of the 2005 census, the official population of the city was 258,008 people. Including its surrounding municipality, the total rises to 265,033. Municipalities ( municipios in Spanish) are the second-level administrative division in Mexico (where the first-level administrative division is the However, the Oaxaca metropolitan area, which includes seventeen different municipalities, had a population of 500,970 inhabitants. Gdl3jpg|thumb| Guadalajara]] Metropolitan areas in Mexico have been traditionally defined as the group of municipalities that heavily interact with each other usually Oaxaca municipality has an area of 85. 48 km² (33 sq mi).

It is nicknamed "la Verde Antequera" (the green Antequera) due to its prior name (Nueva Antequera) and the variety of structures built from a native green stone. ^[1]

It is the home of the Guelaguetza native arts and dance festival and the Night of the Radishes celebration. The Guelaguetza, or Los lunes del cerro (Mondays of the Hill is an annual cultural celebration that takes place in the city of Oaxaca, capital of the state of The Night of the Radishes ( Noche de Rábanos) is celebrated every year on December 23, began in 1897 in the “zócalo” (main plaza of

Pronuncation: Spanish=Oa·xa·ca English=wä hä′kä

Contents 1 History 2 Demographics 3 Notable sites 4 Important buildings 4.1 Churches and religious buildings 4.2 Museums and the arts 4.3 Parks and gardens 5 Famous Oaxacans 6 Education 7 Transportation 8 Surrounding towns 9 Municipality of Oaxaca 10 Gallery 11 References 12 External links

History

There had been Zapotec and Mixtec settlements in the general area of the modern city of Oaxaca for thousands of years, in connection with the important ancient centers of Monte Albán and Mitla. The Mixtec (or Mixteca) are an indigenous Mesoamerican people inhabiting the Mexican states of Oaxaca, Guerrero and Puebla Monte Albán is a large Pre-Columbian Archaeological site in the southern Mexican state of Oaxaca. Mitla is the name commonly given to an archaeological site located in the town of San Pablo Villa de Mitla in the Mexican state of Oaxaca. The area was conquered by the Aztecs in 1486 who named it Huaxyácac, which means "above the place of gourdes". Aztec is a term used to refer to certain ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the Nahuatl language and who achieved political ^[1] The colonial city, however, dates from 1522, when Spanish settlers who had followed Hernán Cortés' conquistadores successfully petitioned the Queen of Spain for a grant of land. Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro 1st Marqués del Valle de Oaxaca ( 1485&ndash December 2, Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. They had already founded a city in the neighbourhood, under the name of Nueva Antequera, on the basis of a charter from King Carlos V of Spain,^[1] but Cortés had sought to have the entire Valle de Oaxaca declared as part of his personal marquisate, and to have the settlers removed. Charles V (24 February 1500 &ndash 21 September 1558 was The Queen's charter, however, secured the townspeople's rights.

Most of the important buildings are within this central area.

The 2006 Oaxaca protests constituted a major social action by teachers from May to late 2006. The Mexican state of Oaxaca was embroiled in a conflict that lasted more than seven months and resulted in at least eighteen deaths and the occupation of the Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Several teachers and their supporters were shot dead. , including Indymedia journalist Bradley Roland Will on October 27, 2006^[2] and Roberto López Hernández and Jorge Alberto Beltrán on October 29, 2006 when over 10,000 federal police and army intervened. The Independent Media Center (aka Indymedia or IMC) is a global participatory network of journalists that reports on political and social issues Bradley Roland Will (1970-2006 was a US Anarchist, documentary Filmmaker and a Journalist with Indymedia New York Events 312 - Constantine the Great is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. Events 437 - Valentinian III, Western Roman Emperor, marries Licinia Eudoxia, daughter of his cousin Theodosius II Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ^{[3] [4]}

On July 16th, 2007 protestors from APPO clashed with the police who used teargas to disperse the crowd resulting in scores injured.

Demographics

As of the census of 2005, there were 258,008 people living in the city of Oaxaca, 265,033 in the municipality, and 500,970 in the metropolitan area.

Notable sites

At the center of the town is the Plaza de la Constitución, commonly referred to as the Zócalo. It was built by Alonso García Bravo around 1529 when he laid out the downtown of the modern city, modeling it after Spanish cities at the time. The plaza was planted with ash trees in the 18th century, and the marble fountain was added at this time as well. An ash can be any of four different tree genera from four very distinct families; most commonly in a combined form (e

The plaza is surrounded by various portals. On the south side of the plaza are the Portales de Ex-Palacio de Gobierno, which was vacated by the government in 2005 and then reopened as a museum called "Museo del Palacio 'Espacio de Diversidad'" Other portals include the "Portal de Mercadores" on the eastern side, "Portal de Claverias" on the north side and the "Portal del Señor" on the west side. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. ^[1]

Northwest of the Zócalo is the Alameda de León, a garden area. ^[1]

The Andador Macedonio Alcalá is a street in the center of Oaxaca City that was closed to vehicular traffic some years ago. Now only pedestrians are permitted to pass by here. Along the street are notable public places such as the original building to house the Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez. This building now only houses the law department. The Museo de Arte Contemporáneo (Museum of Contemporary Art) or MACO is located here as is the Plazuela (small plaza) Labastida and the Parroquia de la Preciosa Sangre de Cristo (Parish of the Precious Blood of Christ). ^[1]

Important buildings

Earthquakes damaged or destroyed many of the earliest buildings in the city, so most of those that currently exist date from no earlier than the beginning of the 18th century. The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system

Churches and religious buildings

• • Catedral de Oaxaca, also referred to as The Cathedral of the Virgin of the Assumption, is the third to be built as the first two were destroyed by large earthquakes in the 16th and 18th centuries. Construction of this church began in 1702 and it was consecrated in 1733. Year 1702 ( MDCCII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1733 ( MDCCXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Its facade is made of the quarried green stone commonly found in Oaxaca's buildings, and the interior is in Neoclassical style. The altar features a statue of Our Lady of the Assumption (Nuestra Señora de al Asunción) which was made in Italy during the Porfirio era. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest José de la Cruz Porfirio Díaz Mori was a Mexican politician ( September 15, 1830 – 2 July 1915) that would later become the president of Mexico ^[1]
  • Church and former convent of Santo Domingo de Guzmán is located 4 blocks north of the Cathedral of Oaxaca. The Church and former monastery of Santo Domingo de Guzmán is the most important of the numerous Baroque ecclesiastical buildings in Oaxaca Oaxaca, Mexico It was constructed between 1555 and 1666. It divides into two parts: the church and the former living/working areas of the nuns. The front of the church is Renaissance-style, in the the central relief, Santo Domingo and San Hipólito are holding up the church. After La Reforma around 1860, the church was converted into a stable, which caused serious deterioration of the building. La Reforma (The Reform was a period halfway through the 19th century in the History of Mexico that was characterized by liberal reforms and the transformation Year 1860 ( MDCCLX) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year starting It was returned to devotional use at the end of the 19th century. The living and working areas were converted into barracks and officers´ quarters. In 1994, work began to convert this area as the Centro Cultural Santo Domingo. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) ^[1]
  • Church of San Augustín, completed in the summer of 1722. Year 1722 ( MDCCXXII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a
  • Church and former monastery of St John of God (Templo y Exconvento de San Juan de Dios), Oaxaca's oldest church still standing, completed in 1703. Year 1703 ( MDCCIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year
  • Church of San Felipe Neri
  • Former convent (Ex convento) of San Catalina (now the Hotel Camino Real, but open for viewing)
  • Basílica de Nuestra Señora de la Soledad is located four blocks west of the Cathedral on Avenida Independencia. It is built at a site where supposedly an image of the Virgin Mary appeared inside a box. It is of Baroque style finished in 1690. Baroque art redirects here Please disambiguate such links to Baroque painting, Baroque sculpture, etc Its front is made of a reddish stone sculpted to look like a folding screen. In the back of the church is the Museo de la Basilica de Nuestra Señora de La Soledad that exhibits the Virgin's dresses, offering and small painting done in her honor. ^[1] The statue of the Virgin of Solitude, crowned with a 2 kg solid gold crown studded with diamonds – was the subject of a theft recently.
  • Church of the Company of Jesus (Iglesia de la Compañia de Jesús), located to the southwest of the Zócalo, was built in the 16th century with Baroque entrances. The towers were destroyed by a series of tremblors and never rebuilt. Inside the chapel is a statue of the [[Virgin of Guadalupe] with a prayer written in Spanish, English, Náhuatl as well as 12 other languages native to the state of Oaxaca, incluing 4 dialects of Zapotec. Nahuatl ( is a group of related languages and dialects of the Aztecan or Nahuan branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family ^[1]
• Government buildings
  • Governor's palace (Palacio de Gobierno), dating from 1884 though on the site of several earlier buildings serving the same purpose. Year 1884 ( MDCCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year

Museums and the arts

• • Centro Cultural de Santo Domingo, occupying the former monastery buildings attached to Santo Domingo church, and beautifully restored in the 1990s to serve as a museum of Oaxacan life from pre-Columbian days to the present. The 1990s collectively refers to the years between and including 1990 and 1999 Some important artefacts from Monte Albán are displayed here. In the center of the Centro Cultural, there is a courtyard with a fountain and a very large staircase. The passages along the courtyard have vaulted ceilings, cupolas and intricate corredors. In Architecture, a cupola or lantern is a radially symmetrical ornamental structure (often dome-shaped or quadrilateral located on top of a larger Much of the Centro Cultural is occupied by the Museo de las Culturas de Oaxaca (Museum of Oaxacan Cultures), whose entrance is the one pilgrims used to use to enter the church area of the complex. In Sala III is displayed the "Tesoro Mixteco", which is a collection of offering that were discovered by archelogist Alfonso Caso in Tomb 7 of Monte Álban. Alfonso Caso y Andrade ( February 1, 1896 - November 30, 1970) was an archaeologist who made important contributions to Pre-Columbian These offerings include hundreds of pieces of jewelry made of gold and silver. They make up the richest collection of gold and silversmithing of ancient Mexico. The museum also contains the Biblioteca Fray Francisco de Burgoa (Fray Francisco de Burgoa Library) which holds over 25,000 degrees that were conferred from the 15th to the 20th century from the Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez in Oaxaca. ^[1]
  • Museum of Contemporary Art (Museo de Arte Contemporaneo de Oaxaca, MACO), housed in the so-called Casa de Cortés. This is a beautiful colonial building, though as it dates from after the death of Hernán Cortés, it could never actually have served as his house.
  • Museo de los Pintores Oaxaqueños(Museum of Oaxacan Paintors) is located north of the Alameda de León on Avenida Independencia in a former 18th century mansion. It is dedicated to local artists such as Rodolfo Morales whose work in on permanent display. Rodolfo Morales ( May 8 1925 - January 30 2001) was a Mexican Surrealist The museum has also featured exhibitions by Felipe Morales, Rodolfo Nieto, Alejandro Santiago and Francisco Toledo. Rodolfo Nieto Defines the Oaxacan School of Painting Rodolfo Nieto Mexican painter of the Oaxacan School (b- July 13 1936 Oaxaca d- June 24 1985 Mexico City apprenticed Francisco Benjamín López Toledo (b 17 July 1940, Juchitán Oaxaca) is an important Mexican graphic artist. ^[1]
  • Rufino Tamayo Museum (Museo Arte Prehispánico de Rufino Tamayo) or Museo Rufino Tamayo, has an important collection of pre-hispanic art that the paintor himself collected. The Museo Rufino Tamayo is an Art Museum in the city of Oaxaca Oaxaca, in southern Mexico. He donated the collection, as well as the house that is now the museum to his home state (Oaxaca) in 1974. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. The house is from the 18th century. The museum exhibits over 1150 pieces from different Mesoamerican periods, including Mayan steles, ceramic dogs from Colima and stone faces from the Gulf of Mexico coast. Mesoamerica or Meso-America (Mesoamérica is a Region extending approximately from central Mexico to Honduras and Nicaragua, defined A stele (from Greek:, stēlē, ˈstiːli plural stelae,, stēlai, ˈstiːlaɪ also found Latinised singular stela For the state capital of the same name see Colima Colima. There is also a volcano named Colima, and a spider genus Colima ( Zodariidae The Gulf of Mexico ( Spanish: Golfo de México) is the ninth largest Body of water in the world The purpose of the museum is to show the aesthetic as well as the cultural value of these works. ^[1]
  • Museo de la Soledad, next to the Church of la Soledad.
  • Instituto de Artes Gráficos de Oaxaca
  • Casa de Juárez, is a museum devoted to the life of Benito Juárez. He lived here from 1818 to 1828. It contains documents related to his presidency as well as furnishings designed to recreate the environment of that period. Its architecture is typical of homes built in this city in the 18th century and located on Garcia Vigil 609. ^[1]
  • Hemeroteca Publica de Oaxaca "Nestor Sánchez" (Nestor Sanchez Public Newspaper Library of Oaxaca)is located behind the ex-convent of Santo Domingo along with the Jardin Ethobotánico (Ethnobotanic Gardin) at the corner of Reforma and Constitución. These two occupy more than 2 hectares which used to be the gardens of the convent of Santa Domingo. ^[1]
  • Centro de Fotografía Álvarez Bravo
  • Museo Philatélica de Oaxaca (Stamp Museum)
  • Railway Museum of Southern Mexico, in the former mainline railway station
  • Teatro Macedonio Alcalá, which as well as being a working theatre houses a collection of romantic art.
  • Planetarium, on the Cerro del Fortín
• Commercial buildings
  • Mercado (Market) Benito Juárez is located one block south of the Zócalo on Flores Magón and Las Casas but it takes up the entire block to 20 de Noviembre and Aldama streets. It offers flowers, fruit, ices, fruit drinks, handcrafts, leather goods, hats and knives, among other things. ^[1]

• • Mercado (Market)20 de Noviembre is the official name, but this market is commonly known as the "Mercado de la Comida (food)" because of the food stands that dominate the place. It is recommended by México Desconocido magazine for Oaxacan regional dishes such as moles, tasajo, tlyudas, pan de yema (a type of egg bread), chapulines (fried crickets in chile), queso fresco(a type of cheese), quesillo as well as very large cups of hot chocolate made made locally that is often spiced with cinnamon and almonds. Mole (ˈmole ( Mexican Spanish, from Nahuatl mulli or molli, "sauce" is the generic name for several Sauces Chapulines are Grasshoppers of the genus Sphenarium. They are considered a Delicacy by many Mexicans They are collected only Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the For the Philippine variety see Kesong puti. Queso blanco or queso fresco is a creamy soft and mild unaged white Cheese that Quesillo ( Spanish word for little cheese) refers to different Latin American food or dishes depending on the country Dominican Republic In the ^[1]
  • Crafts market (Mercado de Artesanías)
  • Mercado de Abastos
  • Los Arquitos (former aqueduct)

Parks and gardens

• • Ethnobotanical Garden, surrounding the former monastery of Santo Domingo
  • Parque Benito Juárez
  • Cerro de Fortín, overlooking the highway that enters the city from Mexico City, and bearing in stone letters Benito Juárez's slogan, "El respeto al derecho ajeno es la paz" (Respect for others' rights is peace)
  • Parque Comunal de San Felipe, bordering the city and accessed via the suburb of San Felipe del Agua, and including the 3250-metre Cerro La Peña.

Famous Oaxacans

Important people associated with Oaxaca include:

• Benito Juárez
• Porfirio Díaz
• José Vasconcelos
• Ricardo Flores Magón
• Margarita Maza, wife of Benito Juárez
• Rodolfo Morales, artist
• Rufino Tamayo, artist
• Adriana Albores, actress
• Francisco Toledo, artist
• Lila Downs, singer
• Vinny Castilla, Major League Baseball Player
• Carlos Castaneda?
• Macedonio Alcalá composer
• José López Alavéz musician and composer
• Nadia Yvonne Lopez Ayuso, singer
• Maria Sabina, shaman

Education

A significant barrier for the indigenous population, which constitutes a large proportion of the Oaxacan populous, is language. Benito Pablo Juárez García (benit̪o paβ̞lo xwaɾes gaɾsia ( March 21, 1806 – July 18, 1872) was a Zapotec Amerindian José de la Cruz Porfirio Díaz Mori was a Mexican politician ( September 15, 1830 – 2 July 1915) that would later become the president of Mexico José Vasconcelos Calderón ( February 28 1882, Oaxaca Oaxaca &ndash June 30 1959, Mexico City) was a Mexican Ricardo Flores Magón ( September 16, 1874 November 21, 1922) a noted Mexican Anarchist and social reform activist was Rodolfo Morales ( May 8 1925 - January 30 2001) was a Mexican Surrealist Rufino Tamayo ( August 25, 1899 &ndash June 24, 1991) was a Zapotecan Indian Francisco Benjamín López Toledo (b 17 July 1940, Juchitán Oaxaca) is an important Mexican graphic artist. Lila Downs (born 1968 in Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca) is a Mexican singer Vinicio Castilla Soria, commonly known as Vinny Castilla (born July 4, 1967 in Oaxaca Oaxaca, Mexico) is a former Major League Carlos Castaneda (December 25 1925 – April 27 1998 was a Peruvian born American author Macedonio Alcalá Prieto ( September 12, 1831, Oaxaca Oaxaca &mdash August 24, 1869, Oaxaca Oaxaca was a Mexican Violinist María Sabina García ( 1888 - November 23, 1985) was a Mazatec Medicine woman who lived her whole life in a modest dwelling in the Most Oaxacans are native speakers of an indigenous language and do not speak Spanish, leading to problems in participating in the Spanish-speaking educational system as well a society as a whole. In an effort to reduce the educational gap between indigenous population and the Latino population is Oaxaca Streetchildren Grassroots (OSCGR) [1]. OSCGR works with indigenous children and their families in efforts ranging from the provision of basic health care and nutrition to the operation of a kindergarten and other educational services at their Center in Oaxaca City. The goal is to provide participating children access to public education and provide the tools for an increased standard of living in the future. The program is supported via donations from sponsors who support individual children.

In terms of institutions of higher education Oaxaca has several universities. Oaxaca is the site of the Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, which has buildings throughout the city centre. Additionally, the Universidad de Mesoamérica has locations in the city.

Transportation

Oaxaca-Xoxocotlan airport (IATA code OAX) is approximately 10 km south of the city centre. Most flights are to Mexico City for onward connection, but there are also flights to Huatulco, Cancún, Tuxtla Gutierrez and Tijuana. Mexico City (in Spanish: Ciudad de México, México DF, México or simply Méjico) is the Capital city of Mexico Huatulco (waˈtulko wah-TOOL-coe) ("Bahías de Huatulco" centered around the town of La Crucecita Cancún (pronounced as kanˈkun is a coastal city in Mexico 's easternmost state Quintana Roo, on the Yucatán Peninsula. Tuxtla Gutiérrez is a Municipality and the capital city of the Mexican state of Chiapas. Tijuana (ˌtiːəˈwɑːnə Spanish, ti'xwana|ti'ʍana is the largest city of the Mexican state of Baja California, situated on the U Continental Airlines flights between Oaxaca and Houston have also been initiated. Continental Airlines Inc ( is a United States certificated air carrier.

The city has separate first class and second class bus stations, offering services to most places within the state of Oaxaca, including the coastal resorts of Huatulco, Puerto Escondido, Puerto Ángel and Pinotepa Nacional, and also long-distance services to Puebla and Mexico City and other Mexican locations such as Veracruz. Huatulco (waˈtulko wah-TOOL-coe) ("Bahías de Huatulco" centered around the town of La Crucecita Puerto Escondido (literally "Hidden Port" is a port city and tourist center in the municipality of San Pedro Mixtepec Distrito 22 in the Puerto Ángel is a coastal town in the Mexican state of Oaxaca. Pinotepa Nacional (formally Santiago Pinotepa Nacional; in Mixtec, Ñuu Yoko) is a city and seat of the municipality of the same name in the The city of Puebla, officially Heroic Puebla de Zaragoza (nicknamed Angelópolis) is the capital and largest city of the Mexican state of Puebla. Mexico City (in Spanish: Ciudad de México, México DF, México or simply Méjico) is the Capital city of Mexico The city of Veracruz is a major port city and municipality on the Gulf of Mexico in the Mexican state of Veracruz. There are several bus lines which run in Oaxaca. The largest is TUSUG, a type of "cooperative" company. All of the drivers own their own buses and are aided by other drivers in purchasing new buses.

The major highways serving Oaxaca are Federal Highways 175 and 131, southwards to the Oaxacan coastal resorts; National Highways 190 and 125, southwest to Pinotepa Nacional; National Highways 190 and 130, to Mexico City; the autopista 150D/131D, offering a more rapid route to Mexico City; and National Highway 175 north to Veracruz, Veracruz. Mexican Federal Highways, are Roads maintained and built by the federal Government of Mexico, through the Communications and Transportation Department ( Pinotepa Nacional (formally Santiago Pinotepa Nacional; in Mixtec, Ñuu Yoko) is a city and seat of the municipality of the same name in the Autopista is a Spanish language word designating a type of Limited access Highway.

Surrounding towns

A number of small towns surround the main city and are closely linked economically and culturally with the main city. Some of these towns are known for producting certain crafts that are identified with the three central valleys of Oaxaca. In these towns one can see the workshops and the crafts being produced in the traditional manner although most of these towns' products are sold in the main city. Santa María Atzompa produces glazed, glass-inlaid pottery of green, while San Antonio Arrazda and San Martín Tilaje make a Oaxacan version of alebrijes in wood. An alebrije (aleˈβɾihe is a brightly-colored Mexican Folk art sculptures of fantastical animal-like creatures San Bartolo Coyotepec is known for its black ceramics, and Teotitlan del Valle works with wool to make sarapes, or more commonly, throw rugs. A sarape is a colorful garment worn by the people of Mexico. The traditional sarape is made in the Mexican state of Coahuila in north-eastern Mexico near the These rugs are known for their intense colors, made traditionally with natural dyes, made from cempasúchil (yellow), cochineal (red) and indigo (blue). Cochineal is the name of both Crimson or Carmine Dye and the cochineal insect ( Dactylopius coccus) a scale Indigo is the Color on the Electromagnetic spectrum between about 420 and 450 nm in Wavelength, placing it between Blue and violet In addition, Oaxaca city and surrounding towns have market days, where one can visit the tianguis (open-air market) set up for that day. Tianguis was also the name of a group of Hispanic -themed markets operated by the Vons companies Tianguis is a Mexican word derived from There is one for each day of the week. Monday in Miahuatlan is for buying daily staples, and Tuesday, in Ayoquezco is noted for wood furniture. On Wednesday, people head to Etla and Zimatlán for dairy products, especially cheese. Thursday is reserved for the two largest tianguis in Ejutla and Zaachila. Ejutla may refer to more than one place in Mexico Ejutla Jalisco Ejutla Oaxaca ("Ejutla de Crespo" Zaachila (the Zapotec name Nahuatl: Teotzapotlan; Mixtec: Ñuhu Tocuisi) is a town in Oaxaca, Mexico, 6 km On Friday, in Coyotepec, Jalietza and Ocotlán cotton textiles, embroidered blouses, corn-husk flowers and glazed pottery from Atompa are sold. Ocotlán de Morelos is a town and municipality in the state of Oaxaca, about 35 km south of the center of the city of Oaxaca. Saturday is reserved for the main city of Oaxaca, and to finish, on Sunday mezcal is sold in Tlacolula de Matamoros. Tlacolula de Matamoros is a town and municipality in the state of Oaxaca, about 30 km from the center of the city of Oaxaca on the highway that leads east to ^[1]

Municipality of Oaxaca

As municipal seat, Oaxaca city has governmental jurisdiction over the following communities: Arbolada Ilusión, Camino a San Luis Beltrán, Camino Ancho, Casas del Sol, Colonia Buena Vista, El Bajío (Rancho Guadalupe Victoria), El Silencio, Entrada de el Silencio, Gloria Antonio Cruz, Guadalupe Victoria, Guadalupe Victoria Segunda Sección (La Mina), Lachigulera, Las Salinas (El Arco Grande), Loma Bonita, Lomas Panorámicas, Los Ángeles, Los Ángeles Uno, Miravalle, Paraje Caballetiyo, Paraje el Cerrito, Paraje el Pando, Paraje la Canoa, Paraje la Loma, Paraje la Mina, Paraje la Rabonera, Paraje Pio V (Ojito de Agua), Paraje Tierra Colorada, Pueblo Nuevo Parte Alta, Rancho el Chilar, Rancho los Girasoles, San Bernardo, Solidaridad, and Viguera

Gallery

Calle Tinoco y Palacios, with the church of San Felipe Neri

Basílica de la Soledad

Calle Morelos

References

• Link to tables of population data from Census of 2005 INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática
• Oaxaca Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México

External links

• Official website
• Oaxaca Information Hotels, Maps, Weather and Activities (English)
• Visitors information
• Arts in Oaxaca

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